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Faithful Translators: Authorship, Gender, and Religion in Early Faithful Translators Rethinking the Early Modern Series Editors Marcus Keller, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Ellen McClure, University of Illinois, Chicago Faithful Translators Authorship, Gender, and Religion in Early Modern England • Jaime Goodrich northwestern university press evanston, illinois Northwestern University Press www.nupress.northwestern.edu Copyright © 2014 by Northwestern University Press. Published 2014. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Goodrich, Jaime, 1978– author. Faithful translators : authorship, gender, and religion in Early Modern England / Jaime Goodrich. pages cm. — (Rethinking the Early Modern) Based on the author’s thesis (PhD)—Boston College, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8101-2969-6 (cloth) — ISBN 978-0-8101-2938-2 (pbk.) 1. Christian literature—Translations into English—History and criticism. 2. English literature—Early modern, 1500–1700—History and criticism. 3. Women translators—Great Britain—History—16th century. 4. Women translators— Great Britain—History—17th century. 5. Authorship—Great Britain—History. 6. Women and literature—Great Britain—History. 7. Translating and interpreting— England—History—16th century. 8. Translating and interpreting—England— History—17th century. I. Title. II. Series: Rethinking the Early Modern. PR428.C48G66 2014 820.938209031—dc23 2013025609 Except where otherwise noted, this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. In all cases attribution should include the following information: Goodrich, Jaime. Faithful Translators. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2013. The following material is excluded from the license: Illustrations and an earlier version of part of chapter 1 as outlined in the acknowledgments. For permissions beyond the scope of this license, visit http://www.nupress .northwestern.edu/. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books open access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the open-access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. Contents List of Figures vii Acknowledgments ix Introduction Religious Translation in Early Modern England 3 Chapter One Private Spheres: Margaret Roper, Mary Basset, and Catholic Identity 29 Chapter Two Royal Propaganda: Mary Tudor, Elizabeth Tudor, and the Edwardian Reformation 67 Chapter Three Princely Counsel: Mary Sidney Herbert, Elizabeth I, and International Protestantism 107 Chapter Four Anonymous Representatives: Mary Percy, Potentiana Deacon, and Monastic Spirituality 145 Conclusion Authority and Authorship in Early Modern England 185 Notes 193 Selected Bibliography 231 Index 237 Figures Figure 1. Signature A1 Verso of A Devout Treatise upon the Pater Noster (1526) 41 Figure 2. Title Page of A Devout Treatise upon the Pater Noster (1526) 43 Figure 3. Page 1399 of The Workes of Sir Thomas More (1557) 63 Figure 4. Title Page of The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus upon the Newe Testament (1548) 80 Figure 5. Title Page of John Bale’s Illustrium majoris Britanniae scriptorum (1548) 93 Figure 6. Title Page of A Godly Medytacyon of the Christen Sowle (1548) 96 Figure 7. Folio 39 Recto of The Consolation of Philosophy (1593) 132 Figure 8. Title Page of Delicious Entertainments of the Soule (1632) 176 Acknowledgments This book was made possible by generous research support from Wayne State University (a sabbatical leave, a University Research Grant), the Wayne State Humanities Center (a Faculty Fellowship), and the Wayne State English Department (a Josephine Nevins Keal Fellowship). This project grew out of my dissertation, which was supported by the American Association of University Women, the Renaissance Society of America, and the Catholic Record Society. Librarians and archivists at the Archdiocesan Archives of Mechelen- Brussels, the Archives Départementales du Nord, the Beinecke Library, the Bodleian Library, the British Library, Downside Abbey, the National Archives in Kew, and the Newberry Library kindly helped me locate archival material. Special thanks are due to Abbot Aidan Bellenger and the archivists of Downside Abbey—Dom David Foster and Simon John- son—for their patient assistance during my many visits. Andrea Clarke of the British Library kindly showed me Elizabeth’s fragile embroidered binding for Royal MS 7 D X. I am most grateful to the present Viscount De L’Isle, MBE, DL, for generously allowing me to view and cite MS A of the Sidney Psalter, part of his private collection of family papers. Like- wise, David Vaisey, literary executor for Bent Juel-Jensen, kindly allowed me to examine MS J of the Sidney Psalter. An earlier version of part of chapter 1, “Thomas More and Margaret More Roper: A Case for Rethinking Women’s Participation in the Early Modern Public Sphere,” appeared in Sixteenth Century Journal 39, no. 4 (2008): 1021–40. I would like to thank the editors for allowing me to reprint this material. I am also grateful to the following institutions for permission to reproduce the images within this book: the British Library (the title page and signature A1v of Margaret Roper’s Devout Treatise upon the Pater Noster; the title page of John Bale’s Illustrium majoris Britanniae scriptorum), the Folger Shakespeare Library (the title page of Potentiana Deacon’s Delicious Entertainments of the Soule), the National Archives, Kew (folio 39r of State Papers 12/289), and the Hun- tington Library (page 1399 of The Workes of Sir Thomas More; the title page of The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus upon the Newe Testament; the title page of Elizabeth Tudor’s Godly Medyta­ cyon of the Christen Sowle). ix x Acknowledgments While tracing the intellectual coteries of faithful translators, I was lucky enough to benefit greatly from the vibrant academic community at Wayne State University. Arthur Marotti has been an invaluable mentor and guide, patiently commenting on draft after draft of the entire book. Simone Chess read early drafts and was a crucial source of friendly encouragement, while Ken Jackson shared his wisdom on grant writing and publishing. I am grateful for the insights I gained after workshop- ping these ideas in a doctoral seminar on “Gender and Translation in Early Modern England” as well as at meetings of the Group for Early Modern Studies, an interdisciplinary working group sponsored by the Wayne State Humanities Center. Ginny Owens and Kimberly Majeske provided much-needed assistance in cataloging archival material. A suc- cession of chairs offered logistical aid (Richard Grusin, Arthur Marotti, and Martha Ratliff), but Ellen Barton deserves special thanks for her ever enthusiastic support of my work. I also have a deep appreciation for the camaraderie of a number of colleagues: Caroline Maun, Lisa Maruca, renée hoogland, Lissy Sklar, Sarika Chandra, Gwendolen Gorzelsky, Anne Duggan, Lisa Ze Winters, José Antonio Rico-Ferrer, Michael Scriv- ener, Robert Aguirre, and Julie Klein. This book has also greatly benefited from the advice and encour- agement of the larger scholarly community. I presented early versions of several chapters at conferences held by the Renaissance Society of America, the Sixteenth Century Society and Conference, the Centre for Early Modern Exchanges at University College, London, and the Wayne State Humanities Center. In addition, I shared part of chapter 3 at an invited talk sponsored by the Classics Department at Smith College. Indeed, without the formative influence of Classics and English faculty at Smith—including Scott Bradbury, Justina Gregory, Bill Oram, Thalia Pandiri, Maureen Ryan, and Nancy Shumate—this project would not have been possible. Justina Gregory deserves special thanks for her kind encouragement of my scholarly potential. I would also like to thank my dissertation committee—Caroline Bicks and Amy Boesky—for their comments, and I am especially grateful to Mary Thomas Crane, my dis- sertation advisor, for her generous, ongoing mentorship of this “hard wit.” Many thanks to Dayton Haskin and Maxim Shrayer for respec- tively fostering my interest in early modern literature and translation. While I was initially dismayed to learn that Brenda Hosington was also writing a book on female translators, she became less a rival than a trea- sured collaborator; I deeply appreciate our many inspiring conversations and productive panels at conferences over the years. In addition, many thanks are due to other scholars for their advice and support: Margaret Acknowledgments xi Hannay, Micheline White, Patricia Phillippy, Susannah Monta, Katherine Kellett, Chris Laoutaris, Elaine Beilin, Caroline Bowden, Nicky Hallett, Claire Walker, Alison Shell, Elizabeth McCutcheon, Jenna Lay, and Vic- toria Van Hyning. It has been a pleasure to work with Northwestern University Press, and I am especially grateful to Henry Carrigan, senior editor and assis- tant director, Nathan MacBrien, special projects editor, and Lori Meek Schuldt, my copyeditor, for shepherding the book through the editorial process with such care. My parents, Lee and Christine Goodrich, and my brother, Jared, have been a source of unending encouragement throughout this process, supporting this project in tangible and intangible
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