Willamette River Conditions Report
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Willamette River Conditions Report October 2004 A comprehensive report on the economic, ecological, recreational and urban development conditions of the Willamette River, including its tributaries and watersheds in Portland, Oregon. Bureau of Planning Bureau of Environmental Services Bureau of Parks and Recreation Portland Office of Transportation Office of Sustainable Development Bureau of Development Services Portland Development Commission Bureau of Water Works ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS City Council Vera Katz, Mayor Jim Francesconi, Commissioner Randy Leonard, Commissioner Dan Saltzman, Commissioner Erik Sten, Commissioner Gary Blackmer, Auditor Agency Directors Gil Kelley, Planning Susan Anderson, Sustainable Development Mort Anoushiravani, Water Ray Kerridge, Development Services Don Mazziotti, Portland Development Commission Dean Marriott, Environmental Services Zari Santner, Parks and Recreation Brant Williams, Transportation Authors and Contributors Gil Kelley, Chair, River Renaissance Management Team* Deborah Stein, Planning, Project Manager* Janet Bebb, Parks and Recreation Bronwyn Buckle, Planning Kim Cox, Environmental Services, Superfund Program* Jim Dixon, Environmental Services Troy Doss, Planning Courtney Duke, Transportation* Sallie Edmunds, Planning* Matt Emlen, Sustainable Development* Steve Gerber, Transportation Jim Gladson, Environmental Services Elissa Gertler, Portland Development Commission Robin Grimwade, Parks and Recreation* Barb Grover, Planning (through 9/03) Barbara Hart, Planning* Marie Johnson, Planning Roberta Jortner, Planning Steve Kountz, Planning Jim Middaugh, Environmental Services, ESA Program* Chris Prescott, Environmental Services, ESA Program Claire Puchy, Environmental Services, ESA Program Cindy Studebaker, Environmental Services, ESA Program Carolyn Sharp, Environmental Services Diane Sullivan, Planning Kathleen Wadden, Parks and Recreation* Mary Wahl, Environmental Services* Fred Wearn, Portland Development Commission* Keith Witcoscky, Portland Development Commission Joe Zehnder, Planning* *Member of the River Renaissance Management Team Other Contributors GIS/Graphics Brian Campbell, Port of Portland Lori Hill, Planning Sebastian Degens, Port of Portland Gary Odenthal, Planning BES Watershed Planning Group Ralph Sanders, Planning Parks Natural Resource Team Editorial Assistance Nancy Jerrick, Counterpoint Consulting Willamette River Conditions Report City of Portland October 2004 Note to reader: In the printed version of this document, the maps, photos, and illustrations appear in grayscale (except for the historical map and four systems maps). Underlined words are hyperlinks that can be accessed in the electronic version. If you would like to view the document in color or access the hyperlinks, please visit www.river.ci.portland.or.us or call 503- 823-7700 to request a copy on CD. The electronic version of this document includes hyperlinks which connect to more information on the Internet. The links are underlined and appear in blue. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ...........................................................................................................................................v CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Purpose and Scope of this Report................................................... 1-4 CHAPTER 2 CLEAN AND HEALTHY RIVER 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Taking A Watershed Approach .............................................................. 2-2 2.1.2 What is Portland Trying to Accomplish?................................................ 2-3 2.1.3 Implications of Improving Watershed Health in an Urban Area ............ 2-4 2.1.4 Salmon as Key Indicators of Watershed Health ..................................... 2-4 2.1.5 How This Chapter Is Organized ............................................................. 2-5 2.2 Citywide Summary ........................................................................................ 2-9 2.2.1 Conditions and Trends............................................................................ 2-9 2.2.2 Implications of Existing Watershed Conditions and Trends................. 2-15 2.3 Lower Willamette Watershed.................................................................. 2-17 2.3.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-17 2.3.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 2-18 2.3.3 Willamette Watershed Protection and Restoration Opportunities.................................................................... 2-22 2.4 Tryon Creek Watershed ............................................................................ 2-25 2.4.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-25 2.4.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 2-25 2.4.3 Tryon Creek Protection and Restoration Opportunities........................ 2-28 2.5 Fanno Creek Watershed............................................................................ 2-31 2.5.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-31 2.5.2 Conditions and Trends ......................................................................... 2-31 2.5.3 Fanno Creek Protection and Restoration Opportunities........................ 2-33 2.6 Johnson Creek Watershed ........................................................................ 2-37 2.6.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-37 2.6.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 2-37 2.6.3 Johnson Creek Protection and Restoration Opportunities..................... 2-40 2.7 Columbia Slough Watershed ................................................................... 2-43 2.7.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-43 2.7.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 2-43 2.7.3 Columbia Slough Protection and Restoration Opportunities ................ 2-45 2.8 Lower Columbia River Watershed........................................................ 2-48 2.8.1 Overview............................................................................................... 2-48 2.8.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 2-48 2.9 Financial Issues and Implications .......................................................... 2-49 2.9.1 Environmental Restoration Costs ......................................................... 2-49 2.9.2 Acting Now Will Significantly Reduce Costs ...................................... 2-50 References ................................................................................................................ 2-52 CHAPTER 3 PROSPEROUS WORKING HARBOR 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Why is a Prosperous Working Harbor Important?.................................. 3-1 3.1.2 How This Chapter Is Organized ............................................................. 3-5 Willamette River Conditions Report i October 2004 3.2 Freight Infrastructure .................................................................................. 3-5 3.2.1 Functions of Freight Infrastructure ......................................................... 3-5 3.2.2 Conditions and Trends............................................................................ 3-6 3.2.3 Constraints and Opportunities ............................................................... 3-7 3.2.4 System Needs.......................................................................................... 3-9 3.3 Industrial Land Supply ................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.1 Functions of Industrial Land Supply....................................................... 3-9 3.3.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 3-10 3.3.3 Constraints and Opportunities............................................................... 3-11 3.3.4 System Needs........................................................................................ 3-15 3.4 Jobs and Labor Market.............................................................................. 3-15 3.4.1 Functions of Jobs and Labor Market..................................................... 3-15 3.4.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 3-16 3.4.3 Constraints and Opportunities............................................................... 3-17 3.4.4 System Needs ....................................................................................... 3-17 3.5 Industry Clusters .......................................................................................... 3-18 3.5.1 Functions of Industry Clusters.............................................................. 3-18 3.5.2 Conditions and Trends.......................................................................... 3-18 3.5.3