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Psichologijos Žodynas Dictionary of Psychology

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Psichologijos Žodynas Dictionary of Psychology ANGLŲ–LIETUVIŲ KALBŲ PSICHOLOGIJOS ŽODYNAS ENGLISH–LITHUANIAN DICTIONARY OF PSYCHOLOGY VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETAS Albinas Bagdonas Eglė Rimkutė ANGLŲ–LIETUVIŲ KALBŲ PSICHOLOGIJOS ŽODYNAS Apie 17 000 žodžių ENGLISH–LITHUANIAN DICTIONARY OF PSYCHOLOGY About 17 000 words VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETO LEIDYKLA VILNIUS 2013 UDK 159.9(038) Ba-119 Apsvarstė ir rekomendavo išleisti Vilniaus universiteto Filosofijos fakulteto taryba (2013 m. kovo 6 d.; protokolas Nr. 2) RECENZENTAI: prof. Audronė LINIAUSKAITĖ Klaipėdos universitetas doc. Dalia NASVYTIENĖ Lietuvos edukologijos universitetas TERMINOLOGIJOS KONSULTANTĖ dr. Palmira ZEMLEVIČIŪTĖ REDAKCINĖ KOMISIJA: Albinas BAGDONAS Vida JAKUTIENĖ Birutė POCIŪTĖ Gintautas VALICKAS Žodynas parengtas įgyvendinant Europos socialinio fondo remiamą projektą „Pripažįstamos kvalifikacijos neturinčių psichologų tikslinis perkvalifikavimas pagal Vilniaus universiteto bakalauro ir magistro studijų programas – VUPSIS“ (2011 m. rugsėjo 29 d. sutartis Nr. VP1-2.3.- ŠMM-04-V-02-001/Pars-13700-2068). Pirminis žodyno variantas (1999–2010 m.) rengtas Vilniaus universiteto Specialiosios psichologijos laboratorijos lėšomis. ISBN 978-609-459-226-3 © Albinas Bagdonas, 2013 © Eglė Rimkutė, 2013 © VU Specialiosios psichologijos laboratorija, 2013 © Vilniaus universitetas, 2013 PRATARMĖ Sparčiai plėtojantis globalizacijos proce- atvejus, kai jų vertimas į lietuvių kalbą gali sams, informacinėms technologijoms, ne- kelti sunkumų), tik tam tikroms socialinėms išvengiamai didėja ir anglų kalbos, kaip ir etninėms grupėms būdingų žodžių, slengo, vyraujančios bendravimo priemonės, vai- paskirų labai specialių siauresnio masto teo- dmuo. Ši kalba įsigalėjusi ir mokslinės rijų terminų. Vardynas papildytas žodžiais psichologijos literatūros leidyboje. Tačiau (būdvardžiais, veiksmažodžiais), kurie, poreikis ir galimybė bendrauti anglų kalba nors ir nelaikomi tikraisiais terminais, yra negali reikšti lietuvių mokslinės kalbos nu- būtini nagrinėjant kai kurias psichologijos vertinimo. Priešingai, kyla būtinybė rasti problemas ir reikalauja lietuviško įžodini- būdą, kaip angliškai įvardytas psichologijos mo, pavyzdžiui, assess (į)vertinti; assessment sąvokas kuo tiksliau perteikti lietuvių kalba. (į)vertinimas. Į žodyną įtraukti ir kai kurie Atsižvelgiant į tai ir buvo sumanyta parengti jau sulietuvinti terminai iš anksčiau išleistų anglų–lietuvių kalbų psichologijos žodyną, Matematikos terminų žodyno (1994), An­ kuriame būtų pateikti dažniausiai įvairiose glų–lietuvių kalbų medicinos terminų žodyno psichologijos srityse vartojamų mokslo ter- (2006), Psichoanalizės žodyno (2005) ir kitų. minų ir kitų psichologijos diskursui būdingų Žodyno sudarytojai pripažįsta susidūrę anglų kalbos žodžių lietuviški atitikmenys. su nemažais sunkumais ir abejonėmis, taigi Šis tikslas – pateikti skaitytojui ne termino yra pasirengę jį tobulinti, o subūrus didesnį aiškinimą, kurį nesunkiai galima rasti įvai- autorių kolektyvą – parengti enciklopedinio riuose aiškinamuosiuose psichologijos žo- pobūdžio aiškinamąjį psichologijos terminų dynuose, o jo vertimą į lietuvių kalbą – dau- žodyną. Todėl lauksime pastabų, pasiūlymų giausia lėmė angliškų žodžių atranką. ir pamąstymų visų tų, kuriems rūpi ne tik Sudarant žodyną remtasi anglų kal- psichologijos terminijos, bet ir lietuvių kal- bos aiškinamaisiais psichologijos žodynais: bos plėtros bei norminimo reikalai. Spaus- Amerikos psichologų asociacijos (APA) pa- dintinį Žodyno variantą bus galima rasti ir rengtu psichologijos terminų aiškinamuoju skaitmenine forma Vilniaus universiteto žodynu (2007), S. Reberio Psichologijos žo­ Specialiosios psichologijos laboratorijos tin- dynu (1995) ir jo rusiškuoju vertimu, A. Col- klapyje. mano Psichologijos žodynu (2002) ir kitais (jų Rašykite mums adresu: splaboratorija@ sąrašas pateikiamas šios pratarmės gale). Iš gmail.com. jų į žodyną atrinkti svarbiausi lietuvinti bū- tini terminai, atsisakant asmenvardžių, jais pavadintų reiškinių, teorijų ir psichologinio įvertinimo metodikų pavadinimų (išskyrus ŽODYNO SANDARA Anglų kalbos žodžiai pateikiami abėcėliš- tinių žodžių dalys ta pačia abėcėline tvarka kai, pusjuodžiu šriftu. Nors daugelis angliš- yra įtrauktos į bendrą vardyną. kų daiktavardžių turi net keletą išvestinių Pateikiant lietuviškus angliškų žodžių formų, sudarytų su įvairiomis priesagomis, atitikmenis, remtasi šiomis nuostatomis: pvz., -ness, -less, -ability ir kt., vardyne • Verčiamųjų anglų–lietuvių kalbų žodynų stengtasi apsiriboti tik pamatinių žodžių pateikiamomis žodžių reikšmėmis, at- pateiktimi. Tačiau išvestiniai daiktavardžiai renkant iš jų psichologijai tinkamiausias. ar iš jų sudaryti būdvardžiai pateikiami tuo- Jei jų yra daugiau negu viena, jos nume- met, kai jų sulietuvinimas savaime nėra vi- ruojamos atsižvelgiant į svarbą ir vartoji- siškai aiškus, pvz.: accountability 1. atskai- mo dažnumą. tingumas; 2. atsakomybė; developmental • Siūlant lietuviškus angliškų žodžių, ku- susijęs su raida, raidos. rių nėra verčiamuosiuose žodynuose, Kadangi nemažai psichologijos termi- atitikmenis, remtasi bendromis lietuvių nų yra sudaryti ne iš vieno, o iš dviejų ar kalbos žodžių darybos taisyklėmis ir daugiau prasminių žodžių, kurie verčiant į analogiškais pavyzdžiais, pvz.: coaching lietuvių kalbą gali įgyti skirtingų niuansų, lavyba (kaip vadyba); coacher lavybi- jie pateikiami pagal pirmąjį tokio sudėtinio ninkas (kaip vadybininkas); motherese termino žodį, pvz.: working hypothesis lai- mamakalbė (kaip prokalbė). kinoji hipotezė; working memory veiklioji • Tais atvejais, kai angliškas žodis yra ki- atmintis; working through perdirbimas lęs iš graikų ar lotynų kalbos, jį siūlo- (psichoanalizėje). Tačiau daugybė tokių ma lietuvinti pagal tarptautinių žodžių dviejų ar daugiau žodžių derinių liko ne- darybą, pvz.: ochlophobia ochlofobija; pateikta tikintis, kad specialistai nesunkiai schizophrasia šizofrazija; scalogram ras sprendimą patys, turėdami pavienių žo- skalograma. Šie ir daugelis kitų rečiau džių vertimą. Daugybę kelių žodžių terminų vartojamų tarptautinių žodžių trumpai prasminga įtraukti į aiškinamąjį psichologi- paaiškinami. Jei tarptautinis žodis turi jos terminų žodyną. tinkamą lietuvišką atitikmenį, pirmeny- Gana daug sudurtinių angliškų psicho- bė teikiama lietuviškam žodžiui, o greta logijos terminų yra sudaryta su graikiškais jo po kablelio nurodomas ir tarptautinis ir lotyniškais dėmenimis, turinčiais tiksliai žodis. Jeigu lietuviško atitikmens varto- apibrėžtą reikšmę, pvz.: anti-, meta-, super- jimas kelia abejonių, pirmasis rašomas ir kt. Siekiant padėti žodyno naudotojui su- tarptautinis žodis. prasti kai kurių į žodyną nepatekusių žodžių • Tais atvejais, kai pateikiami tą pačią reikšmes, dažniausiai pasitaikančios sudur- reikšmę turintys sinoniminiai terminai, 7 lietuviškas atitikmuo rašomas tik prie SUTRUMPINIMAI vieno dažniausiai vartojamo angliško termino. Prie kitų tos pačios reikšmės lot. – lotynų kalba terminų pateikiama nuoroda žr., pvz.: pranc. – prancūzų kalba agamobium žr. agamagony; megalop- psn. – pasenęs sia žr. macropsia; monoptic žr. mo- pvz. – pavyzdžiui nocular. vok. – vokiečių kalba • Kai angliškų žodžių reikšmė atsisklei- džia tik tam tikros teorijos kontekste, prie jo lietuviško atitikmens skliaustuo- se nurodoma ta teorija arba jos autorius, pvz.: manifest content regimasis turinys (psichoanalizėje); oblique decalage nuo- žulnusis netolydumas (J. Piaget teorijos terminas). • Kai angliškas žodis turi ne vieną, o kelias psichologijai svarbias reikšmes, jos yra numeruojamos. Sinoniminiai tos pačios reikšmės žodžiai nenumeruojami, o tik atskiriami kableliu, pvz.: comprehensi- ve 1. suprantamas; 2. visapusis, išsamus, platus; 3. vidurinis (mokslas, mokykla). ŽODYNO ŠALTINIAI 1. Alifanovienė D. ir bendraut. Anglų–lie­ linguistics, and philosophy. Edited by Oli- tuvių kalbų specialiojo ugdymo žody­ vier Houdé. New York; Hove: Psycholo- nas = English–Lithuanian dictionary of gy Press, 2004. xxxv, 425 p. special education. Second revised and 11. Dictionary of forensic psychology. Edi- updated edition. Šiauliai: VšĮ Šiaulių ted by Graham J. Towl ... [et al.]. Cul- universiteto leidykla, 2005. 585 p. lompton: Willan Publishing, 2008. xxiii, 2. Armalytė O., Lionginas P. Anglų–lietu­ 232 p. vių kalbų teisės žodynas = English–Li­ 12. Drever J. A dictionary of psychology. thuanian law dictionary. Vilnius : Alma Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1976. littera, 1998. 524 p. 320 p. 3. Astrauskas V. ir bendraut. Medicinos 13. Haas R. Dictionary of psychology and terminų žodynas. Vilnius: Mokslas, psychiatry = Wörterbuch der Psychologie 1980. 991 p. und Psychiatrie : German–English. To- 4. Bagdonavičius V. ir bendraut. Matema­ ronto [etc.] : C. J. Hogrefe, 1988. 438 p. tikos terminų žodynas = Словарь ма те­ 14. Jovaiša L. Enciklopedinis edukologijos матических терминов = Dictionary žodynas. Vilnius: Gimtasis žodis, 2007. of matematical terms.Vilnius: Mokslo ir 335 p. enciklopedijų leidykla, 1994. 727 p. 15. Lietuvių kalbos žodynas. T. 1–20. Vil- 5. Barker R. L. The social work dictionary. nius: Minties, Mokslo ir enciklopedijų Third edition. Washington: NASW, bei Lietuvių kalbos instituto leidyklos, 1995. 447 p. 1956–2002. 6. Cardwell M. Dictionary of psychology. 16. Oxford concise medical dictionary. London; Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Fourth edition. Oxford, N.Y.: Oxford Publ. 1999. vi, 249 p. University Press, 1994. 717 p. 7. Colman, A. M. A dictionary of psycho­ 17. Piesarskas B. Didysis anglų–lietuvių kal­ logy. Oxford; New York [N.Y.]: Oxford bų žodynas. Vilnius: Alma littera, 1999. University Press, 2009. xi, 882 p. 1136 p.
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