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Grade 9 Social Studies. Canada in The Grade 9 Social Studies Canada in the Contemporary World A Foundation for Implementation GRADE 9 SOCIAL STUDIES CANADA IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD A Foundation for Implementation 2007 Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth Cataloguing in Publication Data 320.471 Grade 9 social studies : Canada in the contemporary world : a foundation for implementation Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13: 978-0-7711-3785-3 1. Canada—Study and teaching (Secondary). 2. Civics, Canadian—Study and teaching (Secondary). 3. Social sciences—Study and teaching (Secondary). 4. Social sciences—Study and teaching (Secondary)— Manitoba. I. Manitoba. Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth. II. Title: Canada in the contemporary world : a foundation for implementation. Copyright © 2007, the Government of Manitoba, represented by the Minister of Education, Citizenship and Youth. Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth, School Programs Division, 1970 Ness Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 0Y9. Every effort has been made to acknowledge original sources and to comply with copyright law. If cases are identified where this has not been done, please notify Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth. Errors or omissions will be corrected in a future edition. Sincere thanks to the authors and publishers who allowed their original material to be adapted or reproduced. Some images © 2006 www.clipart.com Print copies of this resource can be purchased from the Manitoba Text Book Bureau (stock number 80461). Order online at <www.mtbb.mb.ca>. This resource is also available on the Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth website at <www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/index.html>. Websites are subject to change without notice. Any websites referenced in this document are subject to change without notice. Educators are advised to preview and evaluate websites and online resources before recommending them for student use. GRADE Acknowledgements 9 Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following individuals in the development of Grade 9 Social Studies: Canada in the Contemporary World: A Foundation for Implementation. Manitoba Kindergarten to Grade 12 Framework Development Team Kindergarten to Grade 4 Norma Armstrong Bairdmore School Pembina Trails S.D. Lynne Courtemanche École Laura-Secord Winnipeg S.D. Sophia de Witt Crestview School St. James-Assiniboia S.D. Craig Laluk École MacNeill Mountain View S.D. Nina Logan Beaumont School Pembina Trails S.D. Sharon Conway Aboriginal Curriculum Support Teacher Winnipeg S.D. Saira Rahman Alhijra Islamic School Independent Islamic School Yolande Tétrault École Saint-Joachim Division scolaire franco-manitobaine Grades 5 to 8 Emanuel Calisto West St. Paul School Seven Oaks S.D. Wayne Davies Selkirk Junior High Lord Selkirk S.D. Gordon Jones Virden Junior High Fort la Bosse S.D. Mervin McKay Eastwood School Mystery Lake S.D. Ron Munro Independent Consultant Huguette Phaneuf Collège Louis-Riel Division scolaire franco-manitobaine Myron Tarasiuk R.F. Morrison School Seven Oaks S.D. Grades 9 to 12 Cécile Alarie-Skene Collège Jeanne-Sauvé Louis Riel S.D. Jean-Paul Bergeron Collège Churchill Winnipeg S.D. Peter Bjornson Gimli High School Evergreen S.D. Georges Druwé Independent Consultant Al Friesen Neelin High School Brandon S.D. Linda McDowell Independent Consultant Claude Michaud École Pointe-des-Chênes Division scolaire franco-manitobaine Gareth Neufeld River East Collegiate River East Transcona S.D. Arlin Scharfenberg Rosenort School Red River Valley S.D. Natalie Tays Neyo Ohtinwak Collegiate Nelson House (Band Operated) iii GRADE 9 Acknowledgements Grade 9 Foundation for Implementation Writers Renée Gillis Ron Munro Academic Advisors Robin Brownlie Professor of History University of Manitoba Luc Coté Professor of History Collège universitaire de Saint- Boniface Richard Harbeck Professor of Education University of Manitoba Bill Norton Professor of Geography University of Manitoba Ken Osborne Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Education University of Manitoba Grade 5 to Grade 9 Foundation for Implementation Development Team Bruce Backhouse Consultant Distance Learning and Information Technologies Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Loretta Basiuk (Retired) Lisa Bruce St. Laurent School Prairie Rose S.D. Emanuel Calisto West St. Paul School Seven Oaks S.D. Rhona Churman Laura Secord School Winnipeg S.D. Linda Connor Gray Academy of Winnipeg Board of Jewish Education Jewish Education Lyne Courtemanche Laura Secord School Winnipeg S.D. Carol Hill Nordale School Louis Riel S.D. Debbie Houle Joe A. Ross School Individual Band Operated Schools Darcy Kowalchuk Strathclair Community School Park West S.D. Bernie Loeppky Plum Coulee School Garden Valley S.D. Colleen Nick-Johnson River East Transcona S.D. Dave Poersch Pembina Trails S.D. Patricia Roadley Arthur A. Leach School Pembina Trails S.D. Arlin Scharfenberg Rosenort School Red River Valley S.D. Myron Tarasiuk R.F. Morrison School Seven Oaks S.D. Sid Williamson Laura Secord School Winnipeg S.D. Connie Wyatt Anderson Joe A. Ross School Individual Band Operated iv GRADE Acknowledgements 9 Manitoba Social Studies Steering Committee Linda Connor Joseph Wolinsky Collegiate Independent Arnold Dysart Manitoba Association Frontier S.D. of School Superintendents Darcy Kowalchuk Strathclair Community School Park West S.D. John Orlikow Manitoba Association Winnipeg S.D. of School Trustees Alan Mason Manitoba Teachers’ Society Pembina Trails S.D. Linda McDowell Faculty of Education University of Winnipeg Mervin McKay Wapanohk-Eastwood Mystery Lake S.D. Community School Sharon Moolchan Mapleton School Lord Selkirk S.D. Dave Najduch Manitoba Social Science Winnipeg S.D. Teachers’ Association Bill Norton Department of Geography University of Manitoba Synthia Wright Meadows School Brandon S.D. Doug Zintel Manitoba Association Louis Riel S.D. of Parent Councils Manitoba Cultural Advisory Team Oscar Calix Manitoba Association of Teachers of Spanish Gemma Dalayoan Manitoba Association of Filipino Teachers Winnipeg S.D. Diane Dwarka School Programs Division Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth Jody Hagarty Colony Educators of Manitoba Border Land S.D. Rick Hesch Social Planning Council of Winnipeg Beryle Mae Jones Manitoba Multicultural Resource Centre and Canadian Citizenship Federation Byron Jones Black Educators Association of Manitoba River East-Transcona S.D. Walter Kampen Manitoba Teachers of German River East-Transcona S.D. Manju Lodha Manitoba Association for Multicultural Education Glenn Matsumoto Manitoba Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre River East-Transcona S.D. Valerie Price Manitoba Association for Rights and Liberties Saira Rahman Manitoba Islamic Association Myron Tarasiuk Manitoba Teachers of Ukrainian James Teoh Winnipeg Chinese Cultural Centre Hersch Zentner B’nai Brith Canada, League for Human Rights v GRADE 9 Acknowledgements Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth Staff Lee-Ila Bothe Coordinator Document Production Services Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Diane Cooley Project Manager Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Sandra Drummond Administrative Assistant Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Gary Evans Consultant Implementation Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Al Friesen Consultant Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Ken Horton Consultant Implementation Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Janet Long Desktop Publisher Document Production Services Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Linda Mlodzinski Consultant Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Grant Moore Publications Editor Document Production Services Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Cyril Parent Desktop Publisher Document Production Services Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Tim Pohl Desktop Publisher Document Production Services Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Greg Pruden Consultant Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch Tony Tavares Consultant Development Unit Instruction, Curriculum and Assessment Branch vi GRADE Introduction 9 SOCIAL STUDIES AND THE CREATION OF A DEMOCRATIC LEARNING COMMUNITY elcome to the world of social studies, where students have opportunities to interact with each other in Wdemocratic groups and communities, and to acquire the knowledge, values, and skills they need to become active, responsible citizens within our Canadian society. As they mature and practice the skills of citizenship, they not only contribute to their learning communities, but also contribute to the betterment of our society. What do active, responsible citizens look like? They are aware of the world in which they live, and they care about people around them—the people with whom they share this planet, both near and far away. They know that their actions affect others. They have informed opinions, and think critically about issues that concern themselves and others. They have the confidence to make their voices heard, to take a stand on issues, and to engage in social action when necessary. They are concerned with the well-being of the environment, and live their lives in ways that reflect that concern. Background This document was produced by Manitoba Education, Citizenship and Youth, in collaboration with Manitoba educators. It includes the core concept citizenship, and identifies general
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