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LANGUAGE ARTS: HANDOUT B3 Summary of Monkey, A Journey to the West STUDENT SAMPLE Monkey, A Journey to the West is a satirical story written in sixteenth century China. The story is about Monkey—an irreverent, audacious, greedy, arrogant, mischievous, self-centered, and super- natural monkey. In the first part of the story, Monkey becomes king of Flower and Fruit Mountain. After many years, he decides to try to achieve immortality, but does more, learning the art of magic as well. Still not content, he steals a magical iron pillar, which he turns into a cudgel. The Jade Emperor of Heaven notices Monkey’s rise to power and decides to give him a job in the Celestial Palace in order to keep an eye on him. Eventually Monkey realizes this and the Jade Emperor, to resume his vigil, gives Monkey a higher ranked job: tending the heavenly peaches. Monkey, how- ever, eats all the peaches and flees. He is pursued, but he defeats the armies sent after him, and wreaks destruction on the Celestial Palace. Monkey causes so much havoc that the Great Buddha is compelled to interfere, and imprisons Monkey under the Mountain of Five Elements. The second part of the story begins five hundred years later, when Monkey is given a chance to repent by Guanyin, the bodhisattva of compassion. He was to accompany the monk Xuanzang on his quest to recover Buddhist scriptures from India. Two other repenting persons, Pigsy and Sandy, also journey with them. The four face many challenges, but prevail. At the end of their adventure, they are received by the Great Buddha, and Xuanzang and Monkey are made buddhas, while Pigsy is made the Altar Cleaner and Sandy is made the Golden-Bodied Arhat. Monkey and Xuanzang read the sacred texts and gain enlightenment. Xuanzang returns to China and preaches from the scriptures. Written by Ryan Goulden, a sixth grader 2004–05, Corte Madera Middle School, Portola Valley, California..

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Central Asia in Xuanzang's Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western
Recording the West: Central Asia in Xuanzang’s Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions Master’s Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master Arts in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Laura Pearce Graduate Program in East Asian Studies Ohio State University 2018 Committee: Morgan Liu (Advisor), Ying Zhang, and Mark Bender Copyrighted by Laura Elizabeth Pearce 2018 Abstract In 626 C.E., the Buddhist monk Xuanzang left the Tang Empire for India in a quest to deepen his religious understanding. In order to reach India, and in order to return, Xuanzang journeyed through areas in what is now called Central Asia. After he came home to China in 645 C.E., his work included writing an account of the countries he had visited: The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions (Da Tang Xi You Ji 大唐西域記). The book is not a narrative travelogue, but rather presented as a collection of facts about the various countries he visited. Nevertheless, the Record is full of moral judgments, both stated and implied. Xuanzang’s judgment was frequently connected both to his Buddhist beliefs and a conviction that China represented the pinnacle of culture and good governance. Xuanzang’s portrayal of Central Asia at a crucial time when the Tang Empire was expanding westward is both inclusive and marginalizing, shaped by the overall framing of Central Asia in the Record and by the selection of local legends from individual nations. The tension in the Record between Buddhist concerns and secular political ones, and between an inclusive worldview and one centered on certain locations, creates an approach to Central Asia unlike that of many similar sources.
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