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D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-By-Data Ref. Ares(2018)2304342 - 30/04/2018 D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-by-Data Project number: 730830 Project acronym: Safe4RAIL Safe4RAIL: SAFE architecture for Robust Project title: distributed Application Integration in roLling stock Start date of the project: 1st of October, 2016 Duration: 24 months Programme: H2020-S2RJU-OC-2016-01-2 Deliverable type: Report Deliverable reference number: ICT-730830 / D1.1 / 1.1 Work package WP 1 Due date: December 2016 – M03 Actual submission date: 30th of December, 2016 Responsible organisation: TTT Editor: Mirko Jakovljevic Dissemination level: Public Revision: 1.1 This document provides an overview of state-of- Abstract: the-art in relevant technologies for deterministic high-bandwidth networking and reveals different use cases in transportation industries. Deterministic Ethernet, Standards, Technology, Keywords: Integrated Architectures, Ecosystem, Trends This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730830. D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-by-Data Editor Mirko Jakovljevic (TTT) Contributors (ordered according to beneficiary numbers) Mirko Jakovljevic, Arjan Geven, Astrit Ademaj, Georg Gaderer, Christian Fidi (TTT) Erik Männel, Jonas Rox, Dr. Donatas Elvikis (IAV) Bernd Löhr (NEW) Disclaimer The information in this document is provided “as is”, and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The content of this document reflects only the author’s view – the Joint Undertaking is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. The users use the information at their sole risk and liability. SAFE4RAIL D1.1 Page II D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-by-Data Executive Summary System integration represents a core capability required for the design of advanced integrated architectures. With advanced integrated systems tailored to host many critical and non-critical functions, the system integration gains in importance as it represents a common shared resource relevant for all functions. Its features influence the system architecture, topology and the integrated system capabilities in terms of performance, functionality, certifiabilty, robustness and system lifecycle costs. This document provides an overview of state-of-the-art in relevant technologies for deterministic high-bandwidth networking and reveals different use cases in transportation industries aerospace, automotive, railway, and space. Proven core technologies for deterministic Ethernet integration which could satisfy requirements of advanced integrated architectures for mission-, time-, and safety-critical applications are described in ARINC664 and SAE AS6802. Their implementations include the properties which correspond to “white channel” communication approach, and provide congestion-free communication with full control of temporal behaviour for all critical dataflows in the system. Formally verified and robust fault-tolerant distributed clock algorithms support the control of system time in the most demanding critical applications. Currently, IEEE TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) suite of standards is in development and it could further develop to gain the capabilities relevant for critical applications in automotive, industrial and IoT applications. Other technologies such as software-defined networking (SDN), DetNet or WDM can expand the range of system integration options in critical integrated systems over the longer term (10-15+ years). With the objective to design scalable, reusable, reconfigurable and certifiable system architectures, system integration and Ethernet networking cannot be seen separately from the software platform. Well-designed generic integrated modular platform are designed as one subsystem, which provides all services and capabilities required for hosting non-critical and critical (SIL0-4) applications. In addition to safety, the network and system integration security becomes more important. Security issues may lead to safety-related consequences and risks, which must be carefully managed and considered during the design of robust integrated modular platforms. SAFE4RAIL D1.1 Page III D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-by-Data Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................... 6 List of Tables ............................................................................................................ 8 Chapter 1 Ethernet Networking ........................................................................... 1 1.1 Brief Overview – Ethernet Principles for Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (IEEE802.1-2000) ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Ethernet Basics ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Ethernet Networks: Historical Overview ................................................................. 1 1.2 More deterministic data sharing and limitations of statistical multiplexing with VLANs and priorities ................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Faults, faults propagation and impact on deterministic operations of VLANs .. 2 1.3.1 Prioritized traffic and traffic isolation ....................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Packet transmission and switching approach ......................................................... 3 1.4 Network Capabilities and Limitations for Advanced Integrated Architectures .. 3 1.4.1 Assumptions on integrated system capabilities ...................................................... 3 1.4.2 Assumptions on network capabilities ...................................................................... 4 1.4.3 Limitations of the existing Ethernet standard .......................................................... 4 Chapter 2 Ethernet for Critical Systems ............................................................. 5 2.1 Deterministic Ethernet Standards Relevant for Advanced Integrated Systems 5 2.1.1 Ethernet Standards ................................................................................................ 5 2.1.2 Emerging Ethernet Standards and Related Developments....................................12 2.2 Ethernet Networking for Scalable and Reconfigurable Integrated Systems ... 17 2.2.1 Basic Ideas and Concepts for Integrated Architectures .........................................17 2.2.2 Required system integration capabilities ...............................................................18 Chapter 3 Transportation Industry Solutions for Ethernet Integration .......... 21 3.1 Aerospace ...................................................................................................... 21 3.1.1 Networking Standards in Aerospace Industry ........................................................21 3.1.2 Overview: From Federated to Integrated Architectures .........................................22 3.1.3 Evolution of High-Bandwidth Networking for Integrated Systems ..........................24 3.1.4 Integration of Software Platform (ARINC653) and Network ...................................25 3.1.5 Future Outlook on System Architectures and System Integration ..........................25 3.2 Automotive ..................................................................................................... 26 3.2.1 Current Status and Standards ...............................................................................26 3.2.2 Evolution of High-Bandwidth Networking in Integrated Automotive Systems .........27 SAFE4RAIL D1.1 Page IV D1.1 State-Of-The-Art Document on Drive-by-Data 3.2.3 Integration of Software Platform (AUTOSAR) and Network ...................................30 3.2.4 Future Outlook on Automotive System Architectures and System Integration .......36 3.3 Railway .......................................................................................................... 38 3.3.1 Current Status and Standards ...............................................................................38 3.3.2 Overview: From Fieldbus to More Integrated Ethernet-based Architectures ..........39 3.3.3 Evolution of High-Bandwidth Networking in Railway Systems ...............................40 3.3.4 Advanced Architectures and System Integration Requirements ............................45 3.3.5 Integration of Software Platform (TRDP) and Network ..........................................46 3.3.6 Future Outlook on Railway System Architectures and System Integration ............49 3.4 Other industry examples ................................................................................ 51 3.4.1 Space ...................................................................................................................51 3.4.2 Energy Production Automation ..............................................................................54 3.4.3 Defense ................................................................................................................57 3.5 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 58 Chapter 4 Distributed Embedded Platform Integration for Critical Applications ............................................................................................................ 60 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................
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