Thirty Years Connecting Asia with Stanford University 1 Welcome 2 Shorenstein APARC Leadership, 1983–2013 3 Director’s Message 4 1983–1989 Asia’s Emergence 6 1990–1996 Asia After the Cold War 8 1997–2005 Asian Financial Crisis / The War on Terror 10 2006–present China’s Rise / Crisis in Korea 12 Research 14 Events 16 Outreach 18 People 20 Programs: AHPP / Corporate Affiliates / JSP / KSP / SCP / SEAF 32 Publications 34 Supporting Shorenstein APARC 36 Photo credits Welcome to the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, a unique Stanford University institution focused on the interdisciplinary study of contemporary Asia.

A visionary group of Stanford scholars established the Center three decades ago to address the need for research on Asia that — rather than being siloed by discipline and by country — reached across departments, from sociology to engineering, and looked at Asia in a regional context. The Center’s work was imbued with the desire to promote cooperation rather than the distrust of the Cold War. We take great pride in our contribution to the growing understanding of Asia’s global significance, and to the improvement in U.S.-Asia relationships developing today.

The following pages provide a glimpse of how Shorenstein APARC has fulfilled its mission over the past thirty years, by producing outstanding interdisciplinary research; by educating students and the next generation of scholars; by promoting constructive interaction in the pursuit of influencing U.S. policy toward Asia-Pacific regions; and by contributing to how Asian nations understand issues key to regional cooperation and to their relations with the United States.

While we are proud of what we have achieved, it is only the beginning. Shorenstein APARC’s efforts are as dynamic as the rapid changes now taking place in Asia, and we look forward to many decades more of leading the way to deeper, more meaningful understanding and relations with this vital and vibrant world region.

shorenstein aparc 1 Shorenstein APARC Leadership Perhaps the most interesting events were the dialogues held at Pebble Beach, typically hosted by George Shultz and 1983–2013 Bill Bradley and attended by senior Asia- Pacific statesmen. These free exchanges away from the press contributed greatly to enhancing understanding and Shorenstein APARC’s faculty directors have provided the vision, dedication, cooperation among the participants and expertise vital for remaining true to the Center’s original mission, and their home countries/regions. while at the same time leading the organization in exciting new directions >> Lawrence Lau in response to developments in Asia and U.S.-Asia relations. Co-director, 1992 – 1996

We put the Center on the map in Over three decades, there has actually Northeast Asia by bringing been quite a lot of continuity since distinguished visitors to Stanford the Center’s founding; people — faculty, and by developing a network of staff, and also the many visitors that relationships with universities, think have spent time at Shorenstein APARC — tanks, private sector corporations, have been the vital driving force in and government ministries. building connections with Asia.

<< Henry Rowen << Daniel Okimoto Director, 1997 – 2001 Co-director, 1983 – 1997 Co-director, 2000 – 2001

Our goal was guided by the belief that Walter H. Shorenstein had an active you cannot understand the security, role at the Center: he came to every- culture, and other aspects of Asia unless thing we organized, sat right up front, you view them as a whole. No single and asked good questions. Over lunches individual can possibly do that — you at the Faculty Club, he would ask how need a team. For us it was not just the Center could get more visibility. about creating a center, it was about Walter was like an advisor to us — he changing the world. was a very impressive man.

>> Andrew Walder >> John Lewis Co-director, 2000 – 2001 Co-director, 1983 – 1990 Director, 2000 – 2005

2 shorenstein asia-pacific research center director’s message

Thirty years ago, I crossed the Pacific for the first time, traveling from Seoul to attend graduate school in Seattle. Meanwhile, down the coast at Stanford, a visionary group of faculty was laying the bedrock of a unique organization committed to promoting strong U.S.-Asia relations through research on timely, policy-relevant issues.

Early research initiatives looked at themes like Northeast Asia regional security and the development of the high-tech industry in Asia and the United States. From the very beginning of Asia’s transformation and through the twilight of the Cold War era, such projects brought together leading scholars from Asia and Stanford, and high-level U.S. and Asian policymakers, for fruitful collaboration and dialogue.

Twenty years later, in September 2005, I became director of the newly endowed Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (Shorenstein APARC), a thriving organization poised for even greater growth. I gratefully acknowledge the support of Mr. Shorenstein and our many generous donors, as well as the three decades of work by dedicated faculty, researchers, staff, and, not least of all, the five visionary directors who served before me.

Asia has grown over the past three decades into a key global region, and at no other time in history have there been such significant ties between the United States and Asia. Although we have expanded the scope of our regional expertise and research, we stay true to our Center’s original mission.

Today, Shorenstein APARC boasts five flourishing research programs: the Asia Health Policy Program, Japan Studies Program, Korean Studies Program, Southeast Asia Forum, and Stanford China Program. We have brought hundreds of visiting scholars, practitioners, and fellows to the Center over the years, and have established a strong and ever-growing alumni network in Asia through our Corporate Affiliates The key to Shorenstein APARC’s success is its well-focused mission and ability to Program. I remain grateful and honored to serve this wonderful research institution. look to the future, enabled by the extraordi- As we celebrate our thirtieth anniversary this May, we honor a vision turned into successful reality, and nary people who take part in its research, head toward a bright future of possibilities for continuing our work to foster lasting, cooperative relations publishing, and outreach activities. Shorenstein APARC is one of the strongest with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. research centers of its kind in the United States, and I am proud to help continue its thirty-year tradition of excellence. Gi-Wook Shin Gi-Wook Shin, Director Director, 2005 – present

thirtieth anniversary celebration 3 << 1983 << 1983 The second U.S.–Japan 1983–1989 The Northeast Asia–U.S. Congressional Seminar, Asia’s Emergence Forum on International held in Carmel, brings Policy, established in 1979, together members of the is administered by the U.S. Senate and Japanese International Strategic Diet for meaningful and Institute at Stanford. candid dialogue.

>> 1983 >> 1984 >> 1985 The Corporate Affiliates SRI president and former Program, begun in 1979, Indian prime minister provost William Miller allows the Forum to work Indira Gandhi, shown greets then-Vice Premier with specialists from Asia here on a visit with U.S. Li Peng at Stanford; Dr. and to introduce fellows president Richard Nixon, Miller will later become to Silicon Valley and its is assassinated by two of co-director of the SPRIE innovative companies. her bodyguards. program.

<< 1986 << 1987 << 1987

China’s Open Door policies Chiang Ching-kuo kick-start a dramatic Thirty years of military (left, pictured with father economic, political, social, rule in the Republic of Chiang Kai-shek in 1948) and cultural transformation Korea draw to a close declares an end to that continues to the as the country holds Taiwan’s forty-year period present day. democratic elections. of martial law.

>> 1987 >> 1988 >> 1989 Stanford is the first U.S. Seoul hosts the 1988 An unprecedented pro- university to host visitors Summer Olympics, democracy movement from the DRPK when 3 boycotted by North Korea sweeps through Beijing as North Koreans attend a after a debate about co- thousands of students and conference; the same year hosting the games. Over workers take to the streets John Lewis (left) speaks 8,000 athletes representing and congregate for weeks to leaders in South Korea. 163 countries compete. in Tiananmen Square.

<< 1989 << 1989 << 1989 Japan’s Emperor Hirohito After a coup d’état, Burma Soviet occupation of passes away after a battle becomes the Union of Afghanistan comes to an with cancer, ending the Myanmar, and Aung San end, and East and West longest reign period of any Suu Kyi, one of the found- Germany, divided for Japanese emperor. He ers of the National League almost thirty years, are is succeeded by his son, for Democracy, is placed united as the Berlin Crown Prince Akihito. under house arrest. Wall comes down.

4 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Asia’s Emergence

The Center began its work in the last decade of the Cold War, focusing on Northeast Asia, the region of greatest strategic significance. Through the efforts of John W. Lewis and Daniel I. Okimoto, who served as its first co-directors, the Northeast Asia–United States Forum on International Policy was founded at Stanford University in 1979. The Forum brought together existing research programs focusing on U.S.-Japan and U.S.-China relations, ones that provided a critical link between faculty members who had little prior knowledge of the countries to area specialists at Stanford and to Chinese 1984 / Co-director John Lewis meets in Beijing with Wu Xiuquan of the and Japanese specialists with similar interests. Beijing Institute for International Strategic Studies. In 1983 both the Forum and the Center for International Security and Arms Control were brought under the administration of the International Strategic Institute at Stanford, a single independent administrative unit that would later become the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. The Forum addressed the need for collaboration between U.S. and Asian specialists, using interdisciplinary and regional approaches to security and economic issues. Against the backdrop of a budding partnership with China forged to balance the Soviet Union and of increasing trade tensions with Japan, America’s most valuable ally in East Asia, early Forum research focused on arms control, high-tech industry competition, 1988 / The Forum served as secretariat for a U.S.-Japan legislators’ committee, co-chaired by Bill Bradley and Motoo Shiina. and reform in China.

We realized that high technology was not only the leading edge in the development of the U.S. economy but also a major aspect of our international security. So we focused on it and on the emerging competition, cooperation, and conflict between the United States and Japan — two of the world’s pioneers in the area of high tech.

Daniel Okimoto 1989 / A Shinto priest performs the ground-breaking ceremony in Kyoto for Co-director, 1983 – 1997 the Stanford Center in Japan.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 5 1990–1996 << 1990 << 1991 The Forum leaves Galvez North and South Korea Asia After the Cold War House, its original home, both join the United and moves into a cluster Nations, each establishing of temporary buildings permanent missions in on the Stanford campus. New York City.

>> 1991 >> 1991 >> 1992 The Forum is renamed After communist nations India begins an era the Asia/Pacific Research fall throughout Eastern of significant market Center. Corporate Affiliate Europe from 1989 to 1991, reforms, a consequence visiting fellows Kenichi the vast Union of Soviet of stipulations in an Ohmae and Tomio Socialist Republics is International Monetary Tsutsumi sport the new dissolved. Fund bailout. logo.

<< 1992 << 1993 << 1994 After a decade of successful Michael Armacost (right, Walter H. Shorenstein economic development, with Center director Daniel pledges $1.5 million to China ranks as the world’s Okimoto), former U.S. fund the Shorenstein third-largest economy ambassador to Japan and Fellows program and the after the United States and to the Philippines, becomes development of new pro- Japan, expanding this the first Shorenstein gram initiatives, particularly year alone by 12 percent. Visiting Fellow. those on Southeast Asia.

>> 1994 >> 1995 >> 1995 Walter H. Shorenstein In a show of force over Kim Il Sung dies at provides funding to the sovereignty of Taiwan, the age of 82, and is establish the popular China stages military immortalized as the Distinguished Lecture exercises in the Taiwan Eternal President of Series, inaugurated with Strait, including missile the Democratic People’s a talk by Ross Garnaut tests and the mobilization Republic of Korea. (right). of forces in Fujian.

<< 1995 << 1996 << 1996

Vietnam becomes a full With the loss of Soviet The Taliban, an Islamic member of the Association bloc trade and aid, famine fundamentalist group, of Southeast Asian sweeps across North takes control of Nations and restores Korea. For the first time the Afghanistan; Kandahar diplomatic relations with United States provides serves as its capital the United States. food aid to North Korea. until 2001.

6 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Asia After the Cold War

In the early nineties, the Forum underwent a change of name and an expansion of its research focus and expertise. As a prelude to this growth, in 1990 the Forum moved from its original home in Galvez House to a cluster of temporary buildings while it awaited the renovation of Encina Hall, a former men’s dormitory. In 1992 the Forum was rechristened as the Asia/Pacific Research Center, broadening its scope to include Southeast Asia (with the arrival of then-visiting professor Donald 1994 / Empress Michiko of Japan meets with Regina Casper and Daniel Emmerson in 1994) and to examine trends cutting across the entire Asia-Pacific region Okimoto during her visit to Stanford with Emperor Akihito. during a time when Asia had become the fastest-growing area in the world. Key projects on comparative health issues also got under way during this period, laying the foundation for today’s Asia Health Policy Program.

In 1994, Walter H. Shorenstein, already a sort of “patron saint” at A/PARC, pledged $1.5 million, enabling the commencement of key initiatives that today form the basis of many of the Center’s activities. One was a program to bring distinguished practitioners to the Center; the inaugural fellow was former U.S. ambassador to the Philippines and Japan, Michael Armacost, who remains an essential leader at the Center to this day. Another initiative was the funding of the Distinguished Lecture Series (later called the Shorenstein Forum), which hosted an array of distinguished speakers over the years, 1994 / Historian Jonathan Spence greets Walter H. Shorenstein before delivering the second talk in the Distinguished Lecture Series. including renowned China historian Jonathan Spence and former U.S. secretary of state George P. Schultz.

Unquestionably the most important thing that has happened in Asia has been the sustained rise of China. I think when we look back at this period, we will probably regard the rise of India as number two, but it is too soon to know for certain. Henry Rowen Director, 1997 – 2000 1996 / The Korea Foundation and the Tong Yang Group each pledge Co-director, 2000 – 2001 $1 million to establish a Korean studies professorship at Stanford.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 7 << 1997 << 1997 After a long political 1997–2005 career noted for his Open A major financial crisis Door policies, Chinese hits Asia hard, including Asian Financial Crisis / reformer Deng Xiaoping East Asian economic dies. He is shown here leader Japan; in October, The War on Terror visiting the United States the Dow Jones falls by in 1979. 554 points.

>> 1998 >> 1998 >> 1999 India and Pakistan In the face of nationwide Expanding its regional conduct nuclear tests demonstrations, contro- scope, the Center within weeks of one versial Indonesian leader establishes the Southeast another, incurring global Suharto, the country’s Asia Forum, led by disapproval and second president, steps Donald K. Emmerson, sanctions against both down after thirty years and the South Asia countries. in power. Initiative.

<< 1999 << 2000 << 2000

Governor Gray Davis North and South Korea gives the inaugural hold the first inter-Korean Taiwan’s Kuomintang Shorenstein Forum lecture summit, a historic event party’s fifty-year reign ends at Stanford, addressing and the first meeting when lawyer and politician the close ties between between the leaders of Chen Shui-bian is elected California and Asia. the two countries. as president.

>> 2001 >> 2001 >> 2001 The Stanford Program on Sociologist Gi-Wook The United States leads Regions of Innovation and Shin (left, shown here an invasion of Afghanistan Entrepreneurship (SPRIE) with Tongyang chairman after commercial airplanes is established at the Center, and program benefactor hijacked by al-Qaeda following the publication Jae-Hyun Hyun) launches crash into the Pentagon of SPRIE’s smash book the Korean Studies and the World Trade Center, The Silicon Valley Edge. Program. killing almost 3,000.

<< 2002 << 2002 << 2005 Former U.S. president The Center is renamed Jimmy Carter gives the The first Shorenstein the Walter H. Shorenstein inaugural Oksenberg Journalism Award is Asia-Pacific Research Lecture, a series presented to Pulitzer Center in recognition of established in honor of Prize–winning journalist its most important gift pioneering China scholar and author Stanley to date, one that created a Michel Oksenberg. Karnow. permanent endowment.

8 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Asian Financial Crisis / The War on Terror

While Asia entered an uncertain period due to financial crisis and the United States was launched into a series of conflicts following the 9/11 attacks, these years represented a time of great growth for the Center, which in 2005 was renamed the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center in recognition of its greatest benefactor. The Center developed a depth of expertise in studies of China and Korea, but also broadened its interdisciplinary and comparative work on Asia’s political economy and development. 1998 / Kim Dae-jung speaks at the Center on his first visit to the United For the first time the Center occupied a single floor in the remodeled Encina Hall; core States since leaving the South Korean presidency. faculty expanded with the appointments of sociologist Andrew Walder and political economist Jean Oi, as well as Korean Studies Program (KSP) founding director Gi-Wook Shin. The Center’s great loss during this period was beloved China scholar Michel Oksenberg, whose life was honored by the inaugural Oksenberg Lecture, presented by former U.S. president Jimmy Carter. The Center also launched its annual Shorenstein Journalism Award in 2002, naming its first recipient as Stanley Karnow, a Pulitzer Prize–winning author and journalist. Other significant hires were Donald Emmerson, director of the Southeast Asia Forum, and Rafiq Dossani, who led the newly established South Asia Initiative. The Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, co-directed by Henry Rowen 2002 / Former U.S. president Jimmy Carter chats with Lois Oksenberg prior to delivering the first annual lecture in memory of Michel Oksenberg. and William Miller, released its book The Silicon Valley Edge to great acclaim.

What has been happening is a gradual shift of the center of gravity of the world economy from the United States and Europe to Asia. East and South Asia, combined, now constitute 30 percent of world GDP, whereas the United States and Europe each account for perhaps 20 percent of world GDP.

Lawrence Lau 2003 / While mayor of Taipei, Ma Ying-jeou speaks for SPRIE on Taiwan’s Co-director, 1992 – 1996 changing role in global IT industries.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 9 << 2006 << 2006 Former prime minister North Korea conducts 2006–present Ryutaro Hashimoto a round of missile tests, (left, with Center director exacerbating worldwide China’s Rise / Gi-Wook Shin) visits fear that it is developing Stanford to speak about nuclear weapons; the Crisis in Korea changes taking place country detonates a in Japan. nuclear device in October.

>> 2007 >> 2008 >> 2008 The Center establishes Turmoil hits U.S. financial China hosts its first the Asia Health Policy markets as Lehman Olympics, an event Program, led by Karen Brothers collapses and sparking both national Eggleston (second from other Wall Street giants pride and criticism during right), and the Stanford seek a government bailout, the six frenetic years of China Program, led by launching the country building the Olympic Jean Oi. into a major recession. facilities in Beijing.

<< 2009 << 2009 << 2009 Shorenstein APARC kicks The opposition Demo- Future South Korean off the inaugural Stanford cratic Party of Japan wins president Park Geun-hye, Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue in a landslide victory daughter of former with an engaging look at against the long-reigning president Park Chung-hee, the links between energy conservative Liberal speaks at the Center about and economics in the Democratic Party during U.S.-Korea relations. United States and Asia. Japan’s elections.

>> 2010 >> 2011 >> 2011 Returning to where he The Japan Studies Program Toward the end of Premier spent part of his childhood, is established, to be Wen Jiabao’s tenure, U.S. President Barack headed by Takeo Hoshi; China formally overtakes Obama makes a historic SPRIE moves to the Japan to become the visit to Indonesia, meet- Graduate School of world’s second-largest ing with President Susilo Business after a decade economy, and Asia’s Bambang Yudhoyono. at the Center. economic leader.

<< 2011 << 2012 << 2013 Tensions mount between United Nations A historic 9.0 earthquake Japan and China over secretary-general Ban and tsunami hit Japan, the long-disputed rocky Ki-moon visits the killing thousands of Senkaku/Diaoyu islands, Center and speaks to people and triggering a one of the unresolved the Stanford community disaster at the Fukushima historical issue of World about the UN’s role in nuclear facility. War Two. a changing world.

10 shorenstein asia-pacific research center China’s Rise / Crisis in Korea

Since the middle of the last decade, Shorenstein APARC has become the premier research center for understanding North and South Korea, the rise of China as a global power, and the tensions between growing regional integration and rising nationalism in Asia, its research mission propelled by the addition of significant programs and personnel. Three new programs — on health policy in Asia, China studies, and Japan studies — were formally established; new faculty included Xueguang Zhou, Karen Eggleston, Phillip Lipscy, and Takeo Hoshi; and Masahiko Aoki and Thomas Fingar — both long 2006 / Brent Scowcroft, national security advisor to presidents Gerald Ford associated with research at the Center — returned as Fellows. Former Pantech Fellows and George H.W. Bush, delivers the Oksenberg Lecture. Daniel Sneider and David Straub took on new roles as associate directors of research and of the Korean Studies Program, respectively. A host of new research initiatives included the New Beginnings policy study group and the West Coast Strategic Forum, which promote greater policy-oriented engagement between South Korea and the United States; the Divided Memories project, which explores national reconciliation in World War Two countries; and significant work, including a major comparative research project and a session of the annual Stanford-Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue, was accomplished on Asia’s unprecedented demographic changes. Sadly, in 2010 the Center lost its longtime friend, advisor, and benefactor, Walter H. 2007 / Director emeritus Daniel Okimoto receives Japan’s Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon, in recognition of decades of work. Shorenstein. His generosity, however, has ensured that his legacy will live on as the Center continues to thrive and fulfill its mission.

China, India, the United States, and Indonesia, the four largest populations in the world, are inexorably connected — security, energy, technology, human capital, food, poverty, natural resources, climate change, international finance, etc. If Shorenstein APARC did not now exist, Stanford would need to create it to keep abreast of today’s critical international issues.

Walter Falcon 2008 / Alejandro Toledo (l.), former president of Peru, and Kantathi Director, Institute for International Studies, 1991 – 1998 Suphamongkhon (c.), Thailand’s foreign minister, at the A-P Leaders Forum.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 11 research Over three decades, the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center has pursued its research agenda in a variety of areas critical to the Asia-Pacific and to U.S. relations with countries in this vibrant region, taking full advantage of the inter- disciplinary resources available at Stanford. Early projects delved into subjects such as the growth of the high-tech industry in the Asia-Pacific and related emerging trade issues; the state of America’s alliances in a shifting Asia; and entrepreneurship and corporate transformation in Asia, to name a few. Following is a snapshot of some of the recent initiatives. regionalism in asia north korea Early research at the Center focused on the strategically important North Korea presents a complicated picture to outsiders trying to discern countries of China and Japan. As these countries, and Asia as a whole, the differences between official rhetoric and realities. ShorensteinAPARC began their rapid growth through the end of the last century, the Center’s has examined aspects of North Korea through many different lenses: attention shifted to a regional focus, with Asian countries seen as the experiences of diplomats and foreign aid workers living there, the increasingly interdependent, even as trends toward nationalism also outcomes of educational exchanges with the country, and the ongoing increased. This created a complicated mosaic of potential benefits and tensions of resolving the aftermath of the Korean War and North Korea’s possible conflict. nuclear ambitions. Distinguished visitors to the Center have helped Shorenstein APARC embarked on a multi-year project encompassing to shed light on these critical issues, including former and current ROK several international conferences to consider and assess the implications presidents Kim Dae-jung and Park Geun-hye. In recent years, the Center’s of Asian regionalism, producing a series of three edited volumes: Cross publishing on DPRK issues has flourished, including Sunshine Policy Currents, Hard Choices, and Does South Asia Exist? A session of the Stanford architect Lim Dong-won’s Peacemaker and UK ambassador to North Korea Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue was also devoted to the topic. John Everard’s Only Beautiful, Please. The Korean Studies Program regularly convenes South Korean and U.S. experts to address current inter-Korean divided memories policy issues. The countries of Northeast Asia and the United States share a twenty- year legacy of war, from the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1931 demographic change until the formal conclusion of the Pacific War in 1951. Lasting tensions East Asia has long been recognized for its role in leading economic from this era have crystallized in conflicting national memories that growth but it is also now seen as a trendsetter in the realm of demographic continue to impede relations between countries to this day. The Divided change, from sinking birth rates to rapidly aging populations, complicated Memories and Reconciliation in Northeast Asia project carried out a by issues like increased urbanization and migration. What lessons unique comparative study of the formation of wartime memory, a multi- can the world glean from how East Asia adapts to this transition? The year effort that aims to further the process of reconciliation. The project Demographic Change project is policy-driven, examining issues faced produced a landmark comparative study of high school history textbooks, by families, individuals, and communities affected by this transition. published in Divided Memories: History Textbooks and the War in Asia. Aging Asia (2010) addressed this timely topic, and a session of the Stanford Subsequent volumes will focus on the impact of popular culture, especially Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue generated important discussion on policy films, on the formation of public memory, and how the experience of adjustments that must be made worldwide to mitigate the effects of war and reconciliation differs between Europe and Asia. this unprecedented trend.

12 shorenstein asia-pacific research center left / The wave of unprecedented demographic change sweeping East Asia was the topic of the 2011 Stanford Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue and the focus of much research by the Asia Health Policy Program. top / Sang-Hun Choe, Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist and Fellow in Korean Studies, speaks at the 2011 Koret Conference on “DPRK 2012.” bottom / First convened in 2008, the Divided Memories and Reconciliation project began by examining the role of high school textbooks in the formation of historical memories.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 13 events Shorenstein APARC’s research initiatives come to life through public lectures, seminars, and panel discussions featuring prominent global leaders, policymakers, noted scholars, and cultural icons. Events are offered free and give members of the Stanford community and general public the opportunity to hear, firsthand, extraordinary individuals offer perspectives on key Asia-Pacific issues. In addition to individual presentations and seminar series, the Center features a number of long- standing annual event series that showcase major speakers involved in Asia-Pacific affairs. oksenberg lecture As a tribute to the legacy of Michel Oksenberg, a pioneer in the field of Chinese politics and an important force in shaping American attitudes toward China, since 2002 Shorenstein APARC has held an annual event recognizing distinguished individuals who have helped to advance under- standing between the United States and the nations of the Asia-Pacific. Past lectures have featured such luminaries as former president Jimmy Carter, former secretary of state George Shultz, and former national security advisor Brent Scowcroft. asia-pacific leaders forum event spotlight: (un)covering north korea Inaugurated in 2005, the Forum brings prominent leaders from the Just hours ahead of North Korea’s February 2013 nuclear test, an event Asia-Pacific to Stanford to discuss political, economic, and social issues that pushed the country into headlines around the world, a panel gathered in the region. The series has featured such prominent regional leaders at Stanford to discuss the challenges journalists face “uncovering” facts as Park Geun-hye, now the newly elected president of South Korea; about North Korea. Ryutaro Hashimoto, former prime minister of Japan; and most recently, The event was held in conjunction with the 2012 Shorenstein Journalism UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon. Award. Barbara Demick, Beijing bureau chief of the Los Angeles Times and shorenstein journalism award recipient of the 2012 award, said it was the lack of access to North Korea Established in 2002, the Award originally recognized Western journalists that inspired her to first want to cover the country. who have contributed to developing greater understanding about the Demick, author of the acclaimed Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North complexities of Asia, and in doing so have helped build stronger ties Korea, said, “I felt like if I could not go to North Korea, I should be able to across the Pacific. Since 2011, the award series has been expanded to get into the mindset of the people. I think this has been true for my entire recognize the work of extraordinary journalists and media organizations career as a foreign correspondent — you are trying to really understand within Asia. The event is more than an award ceremony; the Stanford how people tick.” community is given the opportunity to hear individuals engage in panel 2013 / Barbara Demick (left), Los Angeles Times Beijing bureau chief and 2012 Shorenstein discussions on critical issues facing journalists reporting on Asia today. Journalism Award recipient, speaks with fellow panelists — Pantech Fellow Katharina Zellweger, the former Swiss aid director in North Korea, and Stanford English professor Adam Johnson, whose novel set in North Korea won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for fiction.

14 shorenstein asia-pacific research center left / In 2009, current ROK president Park Geun-hye speaks at the Center about U.S.–South Korea relations. top / At the final film showing in the 2008 series “Divided Lenses: Film and War Memories in Asia,” director Clint Eastwood is interviewed about his Letters from Iwo Jima. bottom / Caixin Media, represented by editor-in-chief Hu Shuli and managing editor Wang Shuo, receives the 2011 Shorenstein Journalism Award.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 15 outreach Shorenstein APARC’s outreach efforts represent a distillation of its ongoing research on timely, policy-relevant issues of mutual importance to the United States and Asia. Each year, the Center organizes an array of seminar series, conferences, and workshops to foster discussion of regional challenges and opportunities. Shorenstein APARC faculty and researchers travel frequently in the Asia-Pacific region, publish their work extensively, teach undergraduate and graduate students, and collaborate with other organizations. Collectively, these activities ensure that the Center’s unique interdisciplinary perspective reaches the widest possible audience. research and policy dialogues Shorenstein APARC has established a number of ongoing dialogues issues and for building academic and professional networks linking designed to bring scholars and policymakers together in relaxed settings Asia and Stanford. to discuss contemporary issues in the region. The Korea-U.S. West stanford program on international and Coast Strategic Forum meets twice a year to join Stanford and other scholars cross-cultural education from the U.S. West Coast with their South Korean counterparts. The Stanford The Center has a long history of collaborating with the Stanford Program Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue was established in 2009 to unite experts and on International and Cross-Cultural Education (SPICE), an outreach opinion leaders from across the region and the United States to spend two program aimed at linking the Freeman Spogli Institute for International days in deep discussion of a single subject of common interest, fueled by Studies’ research with elementary and secondary schools through scholarly presentations, with a closing public symposium. Previous Dialogues high-quality curricular units. SPICE work with the Center has covered have explored issues such as the global environmental and economic themes like U.S.–Japan relations and approaches to understanding the impacts of energy usage in Asia and the United States; the question of Cultural Revolution; and most recently, the Center and its Korean Studies building an East Asian regional organization; the dramatic demographic Program have worked with SPICE on strengthening U.S. high school shift that is taking place in Asia; and the reform of higher education. teaching on Korea. teaching Enriching the Stanford student class experience above and beyond the usual range of lectures has long been an essential aspect of the Center’s contribution to the university educational experience. Early Center classes took full advantage of Stanford’s wealth of Asia experts in numerous disciplines, bringing together, for example, historians, business school Collaboration between Center faculty and the Stanford Program professors, and legal scholars in one classroom. Today, Shorenstein APARC on International and Cross-Cultural Education results in innovative annually sponsors a team-taught course giving students a real-world curricular units on Asia, like the 2006 10,000 Shovels: China’s Urbanization and Economic Development, which examines the perspective on how diplomats handle sensitive political crises; in addition, causes and effects of China’s development boom, and encourages secondary school students to evaluate and appreciate its benefits the Center recently helped bring back back the lauded Asia Pacific Scholars and costs. Program, which serves as a forum for discussing significant regional

16 shorenstein asia-pacific research center left / SCP director Jean Oi with research colleagues and students in Zouping County, where the late Michel Oksenberg established a rural research site for American scholars. top / James Jianzhang Liang, founder of Chinese travel site Ctrip, speaks at “China 2.0,” a conference presented by the Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship that looks at the rise of China as a digital superpower. bottom / The Stanford Kyoto Trans-Pacific Dialogue annually concludes with a public symposium and panel discussion.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 17 people Extraordinary people comprise the essential DNA of Shorenstein APARC’s research, publishing, and outreach activities. Interdisciplinary from the very beginning, the Center has grown from a small, dedicated core of China and Japan scholars to a larger team of faculty and experts specializing in contemporary issues facing Northeast, South, and Southeast Asia. Current Center faculty members hold joint appointments in departments and schools across the university, including sociology, anthropology, political science, business, and economics. The Corporate Affiliates Visiting Fellowship Program, now over 350 alumni strong, has grown alongside the Center since the 1980s. In the past decade, Shorenstein APARC has established numerous thriving annual fellowship programs, ranging from the Developing Asia Health Policy Fellowship to the Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellowship. Every year, the Center also hosts numerous visiting fellows and scholars from Asia and countries across the world. Not least of all, Shorenstein APARC has a dedicated staff with significant Asian language and subject expertise. pre-doctoral fellows Finding the time and funding to focus on writing a dissertation is the relationships that continue long after they have left Stanford. Postdoctoral perpetual challenge of doctoral candidates the world over. As part of fellows go on to work in top universities and research organizations its commitment to supporting future scholars, Shorenstein APARC around the world; many continue to contribute to Shorenstein APARC annually provides a Stanford pre-doctoral student working on contem- publications and take part in Center conferences. porary Asia with research space, tuition, and a stipend during the visiting scholars academic year. The pre-doctoral fellowship provides a home base for Visiting scholars are an important part of the open exchange of knowledge Stanford students to make significant progress on their dissertation and ideas that keeps Shorenstein APARC’s research environment vibrant and tap into the Center’s numerous resources, not least of all its Asia and active. Over the years, the Center has hosted leading scholars experts. Pre-doctoral students focusing on Japan are called Takahashi from around the world and has established numerous visiting scholar Fellows, and those studying other regions are called Shorenstein programs. For example, Pantech Fellows and Koret Fellows, sponsored APARC Fellows. by the Center’s Korean Studies Program, have written and contributed postdoctoral fellows to successful Shorenstein APARC-published books about significant Shorenstein APARC postdoctoral fellowships offer recent graduates developments in Korea, including ongoing issues with North Korea. a year of “breathing space” at Stanford before they launch their academic Another key program, the innovative Lee Kong Chian NUS-Stanford careers. The Center annually offers multiple Shorenstein Postdoctoral Distinguished Fellowship, coordinated by the Southeast Asia Forum, Fellowships in Contemporary Asia, and a Postdoctoral Fellowship in offers contemporary Southeast Asia scholars the opportunity to tap Asia Health Policy. Fellows polish their dissertations for publication, into research resources and engage with the academic communities at engage in Center research activities, and hone their presentation skills both Stanford and the National University of Singapore. at public seminars. Most importantly, they establish valuable professional

18 shorenstein asia-pacific research center left top / Former Stanford provost William Miller has a long involvement with the Center, most recently as co-director of the Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. left bottom / Katharina Zellweger, Pantech Fellow with the Korean Studies Program, alongside orphans in Pyongyang, where she served as North Korea country director for the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. top / Jeremy Menchik, Shorenstein Postdoctoral Fellow, with municipal-level leaders of Nahdlatul Ulama, the world’s largest Islamic organization, in Makassar, Indonesia. bottom / Thomas Fingar worked with the Forum in the 1980s; in 2009 he returned as FSI Oksenberg-Rohlen Distinguished Fellow and revived the Asia- Pacific Scholars Program.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 19 Asia Health Policy Program AHPP

The Asia Health Policy Program (AHPP) promotes a comparative understanding of health and health policy in the Asia-Pacific through research, collaboration with scholars throughout the region, a colloquium series on health and demographic change, and conferences and publications on comparative health policy topics. focus on comparative health care policy in asia the economic and social implications of Asia’s unprecedented demo- Comparative, policy-oriented research aimed at improving health care graphic change, especially population aging and gender imbalance in and the overall quality of life across the Asia-Pacific region is at the heart China, as well as examining the determinants of health and health of AHPP’s mission and activities. As a research program within a world- disparities among Asian populations. AHPP is also analyzing evidence on class university, focusing exclusively on comparative health policy in Asia, health service delivery and financing in the Asia-Pacific region, such as it is unique. AHPP aims to provide evidence for addressing key health the impact of expanding insurance coverage, reforming provider payment policy challenges in the Asia-Pacific, from links between poverty and ill incentives, and contracting with the private sector. In addition, the program health, to improving “value for money” and defining appropriate government is conducting a comparative analysis of the historical development of and market roles in health systems. The program brings researchers to health care institutions — like physician drug dispensing and recent reforms Stanford for on-site collaboration, and creates opportunities for Stanford to separate prescribing from dispensing. AHPP also sponsors collaborative students to conduct research in and about Asia. initiatives to address critical global health issues, including tobacco control, promotion of child health, and control of infectious diseases. The study of comparative health policy at Shorenstein APARC dates back almost a quarter century, with its roots in the Comparative Health Care preparing future health care policy experts Policy Research Project inaugurated in 1990. Starting with pioneering The program is dedicated to training the next generation of health policy research on health economics in Japan, the program has expanded experts: undergraduate and graduate students gain crucial research since then to encompass research on health policy and demographic experience by their involvement in AHPP’s research initiatives, as well as change throughout the region, albeit with a continuing focus on East invaluable mentoring for their own projects. A postdoctoral fellowship Asia in comparative perspective. was initiated in 2008, followed three years later by a fellowship for young collaborative initiatives and global researchers health policy experts from low-income countries of Asia. AHPP’s leading-edge research involves experts on both sides of the In addition to numerous peer-reviewed journal articles, recent AHPP Pacific. Among its current core research initiatives,AHPP is investigating publications include Aging Asia: The Economic and Social Implications

20 shorenstein asia-pacific research center of Rapid Demographic Change in China, Japan, and South Korea and Prescribing Cultures and Pharmaceutical Policy in the Asia-Pacific. AHPP also runs its own working paper series that is open to scholars and health policy experts around the world. annual workshops and engaging seminars Each year, AHPP assembles some of the world’s greatest health policy minds at Stanford to examine focused topics at conferences and workshops, resulting in special issues of journals, edited volumes, and ongoing collaborative research. In this thirtieth anniversary year, director Karen Eggleston organized a conference on “Economic Aspects of Population Aging in China and India,” co-sponsored by several related research programs at Harvard University. In addition, AHPP organizes numerous public seminars throughout the academic year. Recent topics have included the battle against HIV/AIDS in Cambodia; immunizations and child health in Bangladesh; population opposite / As China’s population ages and lives longer, the government must find aging in Japan; Vietnam’s health policy challenges; tobacco control in China; solutions for sustaining economic growth and helping to support its senior citizens. air pollution in South Asia; private health insurance in South Korea; and left / AHPP director Karen Eggleston with physicians and nurses of Shandong many other important health policy-related issues. Provincial Hospital’s Endocrinology department. top / At the 2011 Stanford Kyoto Trans-Pacific Dialogue, Karen Eggleston and Madame Ton-Nu-Thi Ninh speak on a panel on demographic change. bottom / Karen Eggleston and Chinese colleagues studying diabetes management at Caoyang Community Health Center in Shanghai, PRC.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 21 Corporate Affiliates Visiting Fellows Program

Established in 1982 to introduce Asia-based fellows to American life and institutions, the Corporate Affiliates Visiting Fellows Program is Shorenstein APARC’s longest running program. Its 350+ alumni now occupy distinguished positions in the government and private sectors in Japan, China, Korea, and India. broadening the perspectives of a wide array of activities and opportunities international professionals The program — ideal for mid-career managers who wish to deepen their For more than thirty years, Shorenstein APARC’s Corporate Affiliates knowledge on topics relevant to their work — has fellows participating Visiting Fellows Program has offered a unique opportunity for affiliate in a structured program, which includes creating an individual research organizations to nominate personnel to spend an academic year at the project; auditing classes; attending exclusive seminars; and visiting local Center. Since 1982 — one year before the Center even existed — visiting companies and institutions. In addition to broadening their views through fellows in the program have been sharing ideas, forming connections, interaction with world-class scholars, visiting fellows can network with and broadening perspectives, from the early years when a handful of managers from different countries and corporations. visiting fellows were hosted at Galvez House to recent groups of close With such an array of activities, every day in the life of a visiting fellow is to twenty visitors each year meeting in Encina Hall’s Okimoto conference different, and every year differs as well. The core research goal remains room. As a recent visiting fellow observed, “Academically, professionally, constant, but the changing composition of each group — more female and personally, the different perceptions I have now will change the way, fellows, varied professional backgrounds, and new countries joining the I approach and understand my future work.” mix — keeps the program exciting and unique. One of the earliest visiting The present cohort of visiting fellows represents organizations in fellows from one of the longest-standing affiliate organizations put it best: China, India, Japan, and Korea, and each fellow brings years of practical “Shorenstein APARC, Stanford University and, more broadly, the Silicon experience and an international perspective that informs and enriches Valley are culturally unique, and this program offers a great opportunity the intellectual exchange at the Center and at Stanford University. to understand some of the ins and outs and different mindsets that A majority of the current affiliate organizations have participated make the region so successful.” continuously in the program for the past five years, or even longer. The wide variety of participants has possessed an equally broad range of interests. Over the past three decades, visiting fellows have pursued research on topics ranging from “The Deregulation of Telecommunications

22 shorenstein asia-pacific research center corporate affiliates honor roll: participation five years and above Industries in Japan and the United States” to “Northeast Asian Inter- Corporate Affiliate organizations maintain longstanding relationships with dependence”; from “Corporate Governance & Energy Management” Shorenstein APARC. The Center deeply values their commitment and support, to “Advanced Tools for Complete Characterization of Biopharmaceutical and recognizes those affiliates that have participated in this important Products” to “Risk Management in Large Commercial Banks in China.” program for five or more consecutive years. Once visiting fellows return to their home institutions, the Corporate Japan Patent Office Affiliates Program stays connected with alumni, allowing it to maintain Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI), Japan close partnerships with not only its affiliate organizations, but also with Ministry of Finance, Japan all of the people who have passed through the program. The alumni network Mitsubishi Electric has grown to more than 350, with many individuals holding prominent Reliance Industries, Ltd., India positions in both the corporate and governmental sectors, working in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan countries around the world including Russia, France, Indonesia, and Sumitomo Corporation, Japan Australia. Recent alumni events held in locations like Seoul and Tokyo have kept the program in close contact even with those visiting fellows who came through the Center during the early years. opposite / Over the course of a year, visiting fellows learn about the United The Corporate Affiliates Visiting Fellows Program thrives by bringing States, but also learn a lot from each other. together a diverse international group, and through the shared experiences left / Minoru Aosaki, a visiting fellow from Japan’s Ministry of Finance, presents of research and study at Stanford University, it creates long-lasting bonds his findings about the implementation of international banking regulations. and a new community — one that enriches the university and finds within center / Shorenstein APARC’s annual pumpkin carving and costume contest itself new, constructive perspectives. Ultimately, the hope is that these is a delight for visiting fellows and their families. experiences will over time contribute to stronger U.S.-Asia relations. right / Gerhard Casper (left), Stanford University president emeritus and FSI director, speaks with Norihiko Ishiguro, a METI director-general and one of Shorenstein APARC’s earliest alumni.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 23 Japan Studies Program JSP

The Japan Studies Program (JSP) is dedicated to Japan-related social science-oriented research with policy relevance. JSP engages in international and interdisciplinary research, publications, conferences, and public colloquia with distinguished guest speakers. It collaborates with Stanford’s Center for East Asian Studies (CEAS) and other centers around campus for research and teaching. three decades of japan studies activities was the U.S.-Japan Congressional Seminar series, through Although the Japan Studies Program (JSP) was formally established which members of the U.S. Senate and the Japanese Diet met for candid, in 2011, Shorenstein APARC’s newest addition has a rich history that equals in-depth discussion on issues of mutual significance related to trade, or even exceeds that of the Center itself. The archives — through dozens international economic policy, industrial policy, and security. of occasional and working papers, studies, photographs of landmark events, After Japan’s economic bubble burst in the early 1990s, the country and books — reveal three vibrant decades of research on Japanese underwent a range of political, economic, and social transformations. economics, industry, government, and international relations. Even amidst challenges, Japan has adapted, as its firms continue to be Japan studies took root when the Center was founded in 1983 and has globally competitive in many areas, and it persists as an Asian economic evolved with the political, economic, and social changes in Japan, and powerhouse; on the security front, Japan remains one of the closest allies with developments in U.S.-Japan relations. Under the leadership of of the United States. Emerging out of these transformations is a new co-founding Center director Daniel I. Okimoto, one of the earliest projects Japan that offers quite a different picture from the old rapid-growth era. explored U.S.-Japan competition and collaboration in high-tech industries a reborn program and an ambitious goal during the 1980s and 1990s. Other initiatives led to a definitive three- The newly instituted Japan Studies Program aims to make Stanford volume comparative study of Japan’s political economy, and an explora- a U.S. leader in the field of contemporary Japan studies. As an integral tion of the United States’ evolving ties with its Northeast Asia allies, component of the Center, JSP facilitates multidisciplinary, social including Japan. science–oriented research on contemporary Japan, emphasizing both academic scholarship and policy-relevant research. The program aims Early Center activities brought together distinguished scholars, practitioners, to become a central platform for Stanford students and the broader and policymakers from Japan and the United States for fruitful interdis- community for understanding and engaging with Japan. ciplinary academic collaboration and meaningful policy dialogue, and laid the groundwork for many enduring relationships with Japanese JSP actively collaborates with other organizations on campus, such as universities, ministries, and other organizations. One of the first of such the Center for East Asian Studies (CEAS), the US-Asia Technology

24 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Management Center, and the Stanford Graduate School of Business. During the one-year anniversary of the March 11 Great Tohoku Disaster, JSP co-sponsored a lecture series with CEAS examining Japan’s growth and recovery, and it held a major conference focused on restructuring Japan’s energy industry. Since 2011, its popular lunchtime seminar series has brought numerous high-caliber guest speakers to Stanford for insightful talks on subjects ranging from cloud computing in Japan and the United States to the comeback of Japan’s conservative party and the new era of “Abenomics.” JSP experts actively contribute to Shorenstein APARC’s publishing program of timely, policy-oriented edited volumes and working papers, and regularly contribute op-eds and journal articles to numerous leading newspapers and scholarly journals, including the Journal of East Asian opposite / At a JSP event marking one year after the 3/11 disaster, Kazuhiko Studies, Socio-Economic Review, and Energy Policy. Toyama (right), CEO of Industrial Growth Platform, Inc., discusses Japanese electric power innovation while Masahiko Aoki listens on. Looking ahead, Takeo Hoshi, who joined the Center as JSP’s director in left / Phillip Lipscy speaks about the future of the U.S.-Japan relationship during December 2012, says, “I want to make Shorenstein APARC the first place a 2012 Japan Institute of International Affairs conference in Kanazawa, Japan. that researchers, policymakers, business practitioners, and students visit top / Akihiko Akamatsu (center), executive vice-president for student affairs of Kyoto University, makes a point about higher education in Japan during the to understand more about the Japanese economy and politics — I look 2012 Stanford Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue. forward to working with everyone at Shorenstein APARC (and beyond) to bottom / (l-r) Kenji Kushida, Masahiko Aoki, Kiyoshi Kurokawa, and Takeo achieve this goal.” With a strong, growing core of affiliated faculty, researchers, Hoshi (JSP director). Kurokawa, chair of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission, spoke at JSP on how the scientific and staff, the future for Japan studies at Stanford looks bright. community can help policymakers respond to change in a globalized world.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 25 Stanford Korean Studies Program KSP

The Stanford Korean Studies program (KSP) focuses on multidisciplinary, social science-oriented, collaborative research on policy-relevant topics on Korea. Stanford KSP offers courses, hosts seminars, sponsors workshops and conferences, conducts research projects, supports fellowships, and collaborates with visiting scholars working on Korean issues. Stanford KSP also works closely with Stanford’s Center for East Asian Studies (CEAS), which offers a master’s degree in East Asian studies with a specialty in Korea. the call for a focus on korean studies as emerging scholars. KSP also supports fellowships, collaborates with For almost two decades, Shorenstein APARC produced outstanding a broad range of visiting scholars, publishes award-winning books and work in Korean affairs but lacked a separate program for Korean studies; reports, and offers commentary to leading media. by the turn of the millennium, however, it was clear that more attention amassing talent to create a premier program and resources needed to be devoted to Korea. Between 1960 and 1990, From its one-person beginning a decade ago, KSP now has faculty capitalist South Korea had risen from the devastation of the Korean War members in sociology, history, and literature, with two more appointments to produce an economic “miracle on the Han River,” followed soon by full pending. In addition, KSP has two full-time staff members and a research democratization. In the process, it became a global model of development. assistant. A Korean language lecturer and a Korean Studies librarian support Meanwhile, North Korea was pursuing nuclear weapons and long-range program activities. KSP taps into the rich array of Stanford-based faculty and missiles while maintaining one of the world’s last Stalinist systems, senior fellows who conduct policy-related research on Korea within FSI- even outlasting the Soviet Union itself despite a devastating famine in affiliated centers and programs, and at the neighboring HooverI nstitution. the mid-1990s, and the regime’s threats presented a major concern to policymakers. Together, the two Korean states with radically different systems, KSP has sponsored collaborative research projects on a range of Korea- competing for hegemony on the divided Korean Peninsula, constituted related subjects. The South Korean National Assembly Project considered an unparalleled “natural experiment” for social scientists. the generational change under way in South Korea’s government and its political and ideological implications, specifically how such changes Since 2001 when Gi-Wook Shin was invited to found a program within affect Assembly votes — and Korean policy — on major issues. Other Shorenstein APARC, the Stanford Korean Studies Program (KSP) has projects focus on mass media and U.S.-Korea relations, including the developed into a world-renowned center offering impactful programs ROK-U.S. West Coast Strategic Forum, the Korean experience of historical addressing current, policy-relevant issues and events. KSP sponsors confer- injustice and reconciliation, and a book series on Korean democratization ences and workshops that bring together leading Korea scholars and sponsored by the Academy of Korean Studies. Findings from such policymakers for meaningful dialogue. Special events afford the general groundbreaking projects are regularly presented at KSP seminars and public the opportunity to engage with distinguished practitioners as well conferences, and published as books and journal articles.

26 shorenstein asia-pacific research center a next generation of scholars KSP is devoted to training the next generation of Korea scholars by offering courses on Korea through various academic departments, working closely with the Center for East Asian Studies, which offers an MA in East Asian studies with a specialty in Korea. A writing prize in Korean studies was created in 2012, and KSP co-sponsors a Korea internship program and convenes popular overseas seminars in Seoul, enabling Stanford under- graduates to experience Korean politics, history, and culture firsthand. In collaboration with the Stanford Program on International and Cross- Cultural Education, Stanford KSP is expanding opportunities for high school students to take online courses on Korea and for U.S. secondary school teachers to bring Korean studies into their curricula. Each year, KSP offers outstanding opportunities for fellowships and visiting scholars from Korea and elsewhere. With generous fellowship support opposite / Stanford KSP’s David Straub (second from right) accompanies Bill Clinton to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong-il in August 2009 to free from the Pantech Group and the Koret Foundation, KSP has hosted over two U.S. reporters. 100 alumni, including two former South Korean foreign ministers, former left / John Everard, former British ambassador to Pyongyang and a Pantech senior officials from the United States, South Korea, and China, and leading Fellow, speaks on North Korea at the annual Koret Conference, part of the 2011 celebration of Stanford KSP’s tenth anniversary. Korea scholars and experts. These visiting scholars participate intensively top / Students from Seoul’s Hana Academy perform traditional Korean music in KSP research, educational, and outreach programs, and continue their for participants of the Hana-Stanford Conference on Korea. association with the program after leaving Stanford through an active bottom / Gi-Wook Shin and students visits the Samsung headquarters in alumni association. Korea during an overseas seminar in 2002.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 27 Stanford China Program SCP

The Stanford China Program (SCP) is a university-wide initiative to facilitate multidisciplinary, social science–oriented research on contemporary China, with a dual emphasis on basic and policy-relevant research. The program recognizes the singular importance of training new generations of Stanford students for broader and deeper interactions with China.

In 2007, in recognition of the importance of developing a program interactions with China. Bringing together both research and teaching, devoted to the study of contemporary China, the Stanford China Program the SCP-pioneered China Social Science Workshop has become an in-house (SCP) was established within Shorenstein APARC, which for decades forum for faculty and their doctoral students, as well as invited outside had already been the home for extensive research on China at Stanford scholars, to present work in progress. It has fostered critical analysis and University; within a few short years, SCP has become an integral part of feedback essential to turn research into high-quality publications. the Center, establishing a reputation as one of the top research programs Other ongoing SCP academic workshops and conferences promote in the country focusing on contemporary China, especially political economy. intellectual exchange with leading scholars within the United States and conducting cutting-edge research and training the from China; the program also provides opportunities to educate broader next generation of scholars audiences through public lectures on timely topics, such as the recent “China Under New Management” series in the wake of China’s once-in- SCP faculty are doing cutting-edge research on a wide range of challenges a-decade leadership change following the 18th Party Congress. facing China: fiscal shortfalls and local governance, property rights reform and corporate restructuring, social inequality and mobility, food security, Apart from its regular quarterly seminar series, SCP has also played a vital markets, education and poverty alleviation, environmental pollution and role in the Oksenberg Lecture, held annually to honor the legacy of public health, and political participation and popular protests. SCP Professor Michel Oksenberg. A senior fellow at Shorenstein APARC and research is a vital part of Shorenstein APARC’s publishing program, and FSI, and a key member of the National Security Council when the United has resulted in several acclaimed edited volumes. The program has also States normalized relations with China, Oksenberg consistently urged that played an integral role in bringing top visiting scholars from China and the United States engage with Asia in a more considered manner. In tribute, the United States to Stanford for a valuable cross-pollination of research the Oksenberg Lecture recognizes distinguished individuals who have helped and knowledge on China. to advance understanding between the United States and the nations of the Asia-Pacific. Recent Oksenberg Lectures have illuminated key While primarily a research entity, SCP recognizes the critical importance issues, such as the modernization of China’s military, constraints on of training new generations of Stanford students for broader and deeper China’s foreign policy, and areas of friction in U.S.-China relations.

28 shorenstein asia-pacific research center establishing the stanford center at peking university Aside from making great strides in building China studies at Stanford, SCP has played a special role in the university’s globalization efforts. Shortly after SCP was founded, director Jean Oi, with the help of Andrew Walder and strong support from FSI director Chip Blacker and dean of research Ann Arvin, started to work on creating Stanford’s first university-wide center abroad — in Beijing. In March 2012 the Stanford Center at Peking University (SCPKU) officially opened, housed in a historic courtyard compound in the middle of Peking University, on the former site of an imperial palace. Oi concurrently serves as the Lee Shau Kee Director of SCPKU. Stanford is the only university to have a standalone center in a top Chinese university, with SCPKU serving as a unique platform for all of its seven schools, one that enables all Stanford faculty — not just those affiliated withSCP — to do cutting-edge research opposite / Stanford China Program director Jean Oi speaks with reporters on a wide range of topics. Shorenstein APARC is a core program at SCPKU, during a 2003 teaching trip to Beijing. with a dedicated office, and with SCP has already held a number of left / Xueguang Zhou, the Kwoh-Ting Li Professor in Economic Development, conferences and meetings at SCPKU since its opening. Ever cognizant of conducts research in rural Northeast China. its academic mission, SCP is proud to have played a role in creating a home top / U.S. Ambassador to China Gary Locke (second from right), along with leaders of Stanford University and Peking University, gather inside the Stanford away from home for Stanford students to have a hands-on understanding Center at Peking University for the opening ceremony. of what China is — the kind of training you cannot get from reading a book. bottom / Thomas C. Heller (left), FSI senior fellow emeritus, and Andrew G. Walder at an SCP conference co-organized with the Academy of Macro-Economic Research at the National Development and Reform Commission of China.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 29 Southeast Asia Forum SEAF

The Southeast Asia Forum (SEAF) is a bridge — founded in September 1999, in the words of its director, Don Emmerson — with the two-way mission “to bring Southeast Asia to Stanford, and Stanford to Southeast Asia,” through trans-Pacific research, education, and interaction. connecting southeast asia and stanford university journalists and activists — have shared their views of authoritarian Much has changed in the region since SEAF first began to bring Southeast development in Singapore, bigotry and rebellion in Indonesia, the Cao Dai Asia to Stanford. Its population has grown from 485 million in 1999 to religion in Vietnam and the United States, climate change in Southeast more than 620 million in 2013. While in 1999 Southeast Asia was just Asia, the ASEAN Summit, foreign aid to Cambodia, Muslim politics in recovering from the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, the region weathered Malaysia, and the modernity of Thai peasants. the 2008 American financial crisis almost unscathed, and in 2013 is a advancing scholars and scholarship largely prospering zone of growth in a faltering world economy. SEAF has also enabled a series of academic specialists on Southeast Asia In 1999 SEAF director Don Emmerson, having observed East Timor’s to spend time at Stanford doing research and writing. Noteworthy among resounding “yes” vote for independence from Indonesia, was evacuated these visiting scholars have been the recipients of the endowed Lee Kong from the half-island as it fell prey to lethal pro-Indonesian militias wreaking Chian Distinguished Fellowship on Southeast Asia, awarded annually revenge. In 2013 the independent country now known as Timor-Leste in cooperation with the National University of Singapore (NUS), where enjoys domestic stability, good relations with Indonesia, and one of the recipients spend half their fellowship term. Inaugurated at Stanford by world’s highest rates of economic growth. A brutal, isolated dictatorship the presidents of Stanford and NUS in 2007, the program’s first awardee in 1999, Myanmar (Burma) has undergone significant reform and is set was Robert Hefner, a Boston University anthropologist who went on to to chair the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2014. become president of the Association for Asian Studies. Two Lee Kong Yet across the region daunting challenges remain, including poverty, Chian professors were on campus in 2013 — a development expert corruption, pollution, repression, intolerance, and tensions with China from the London School of Economics and Political Science and an over who owns what in the South China Sea. anthropologist from the University of Southern California. Over fourteen years SEAF has hosted more than 150 speakers on these The many books and articles that SEAF has facilitated include a volume and other aspects of Southeast Asia’s polities, economies, and cultures, edited by its director, Hard Choices: Security, Democracy, and Regionalism and the region’s interactions with the rest of the world. In the latest in Southeast Asia. Co-published by Shorenstein APARC and the Institute academic year a dozen SEAF speakers — scholars and diplomats, of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore, one reviewer called Hard

30 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Choices “required reading for graduate students specializing in Southeast Asia and a must-have for ASEAN specialists and observers.” outreach in southeast asia and at home SEAF has also brought Stanford to Southeast Asia. Every year SEAF’s director has traveled to the region to do research, lecture, take part in workshops, and interact with Southeast Asian colleagues, including a 2012 SEAF-organized workshop in Singapore for the authors of a planned volume on Southeast Asia’s relations with China. SEAF’s director has also taken Stanford students to the region to do research, most recently in Indonesia. SEAF has even stimulated the formation of two Stanford student-led organizations designed to share knowledge and ideas about Southeast Asia. The Malaysia Forum has grown from its 2003 founding into a global community that encourages “civil conversation” on the many issues the opposite / Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (center) and country faces. In 2004, also on campus, SEALNet was born — the Southeast first lady Kristiani Herawati meet director Donald K. Emmerson. Asian Service and Leadership Network — and it too has expanded far left / Donald K. Emmerson, SEAF director, meets with Stanford University beyond Stanford. Its activities include sending Southeast Asian students alumni in Jakarta to discuss ideas for improving international awareness of, and expertise on, Indonesia. abroad back to the region for community service during vacations. top / Larry Diamond, CDDRL director, and Don Emmerson, SEAF director, speak with Malaysian opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim in Jakarta during the filming These highlights illustrate how, since its birth fourteen years ago, SEAF has of A Whisper to a Roar, a documentary on democracy in developing countries. managed “to bring Southeast Asia to Stanford, and Stanford to Southeast bottom / Joseph Liow, a visiting scholar at Shorenstein APARC, participates Asia” — and how it hopes to continue that mission in the years to come. in the 2012 China and the World conference in Singapore.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 31 publications Shorenstein APARC has an active publishing program to disseminate its research, and through which its scholars seek to advance understanding of the Asia-Pacific region.

Together with Stanford University Press, the Center produces “Studies of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center,” a monograph series that includes the varied work of the Center’s faculty, researchers, and fellows.

shorenstein asia-pacific research center books, distributed by the brookings press series on corporate restructuring and system reform series on contemporary north korea As the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) set about reforming its centrally Recent Center offerings on North Korea have been particularly strong. planned economy, it faced the thorny policy question of how to reform Written by a Pantech Fellow at the Center, 2012’s Only Beautiful, Please its state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Going Private in China (2011) is the story of John Everard’s experiences in Pyongyang as the former addresses the many key reform questions that country faced over the past British ambassador to North Korea. Peacemaker, the memoir of Lim two decades. Adapt, Fragment, Transform (2012) explores how South Dong-won, former South Korean unification minister and architect of Korea can suffer from persistent systemic instability and yet prove so Nobel Peace Prize–winner Kim Dae-jung’s Sunshine Policy toward North resilient, experiencing phenomenal growth since the 1960s. A third Korea, traces the process of twenty years of diplomatic negotiations volume in the series, Syncretization, focuses on Japan and will see print with North Korea. Troubled Transition (2013) features leading international in 2013. experts examining how North Korea and its new leader, Kim Jong-un, face and attempt to overcome that country’s multitude of intractable problems.

32 shorenstein asia-pacific research center Shorenstein APARC publishes its own peer-reviewed books, which are distributed by the Brookings Institution Press. These titles feature leading-edge topics that are policy-relevant in both the United States and Asia.

Center faculty and researchers also publish extensively in peer-reviewed academic journals, through scholarly and trade presses, and are frequently asked to comment in the media on events and issues affecting Asia.

studies of the walter h. shorenstein asia-pacific shorenstein asia-pacific research center scholars research center published through other presses Recent Stanford University monographs include Gene Park’s Spending Three recent outstanding works by Center scholars: Andrew Walder’s Without Taxation (2011), which demonstrates that governments can Fractured Rebellion (Harvard University Press, 2009) is the first full-length finance their activities not only through taxes but also through financial account of the evolution of China’s Red Guard Movement in Beijing; mechanisms to allocate credit and investment; Erik Martinez Kuhonta’s History Textbooks and the Wars in Asia: Divided Memories (Routledge, 2011), In The Institutional Imperative (2011), which inquires why some countries edited by Gi-Wook Shin and Daniel Sneider, is a groundbreaking study in the developing world achieve growth with equity, while others do not; of the formation of historical memory in four Northeast Asian societies and Gi-Wook Shin’s One Alliance, Two Lenses, which examines how South and the United States; and Masahiko Aoki’s Corporations in Evolving Korea and the United States differently view U.S.-ROK relations. Diversity (Oxford University Press, 2010) provides a compelling new analysis of the corporate firm.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 33 supporting shorenstein aparc Since 1983, Shorenstein APARC has relied on gifts and grants, as well as corporate sponsorships, to support its research, publishing, and outreach goals. Shorenstein APARC could not carry out its activities without support from its friends and partners. Recent funding has allowed the Center to extend valuable programming and to develop new ventures. Shorenstein APARC offers a variety of giving opportunities. Gifts help to underwrite activities, including: faculty recruitment and interdis- ciplinary appointments; student research and teaching; fellowships open to scholars, students, and practitioners; support for visiting scholars; and program development. In addition, the Center runs a vibrant Corporate Affiliates Visiting Fellows Program, which is available for companies interested in expanding their networks of connections with Asian and U.S. counterparts. honor roll: lifetime contributions to shorenstein aparc Shorenstein APARC gratefully acknowledges those listed below for their support with contributions totaling $100,000 or more since the inception of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, of which the Center is a part.

$5,000,000 and above Kansai Electric Power Company Korea International Trade Association POSCO Research Institute Walter H. Shorenstein The Koret Foundation Kumamoto Prefectural Government POSCO TJ Park Foundation Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Kyung Hee University Samsung Electronics $1,000,000 and above Japan The Lee Foundation Shizuoka Prefectural Government The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Ministry of Finance, Japan Meyerson Charitable Trust The Smith Richardson Foundation Foundation Academia Platonica PetroChina Company, Ltd. The Miller Family Fund Taewon Entertainment The Henry Luce Foundation Reliance Industries, Ltd. The Miner Foundation The U.S.-Japan Foundation The Industrial Technology Research Sumitomo Corporation Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Taiwan institute (ITRI) Tokyo Electric Power Company Mitsubishi Electric Corporation The Institute for National Security Strategy Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) Jeong H. and Cynthia Kim $100,000 to $500,000 Nissoken Asian and Pacific Security Affairs The Korea Foundation The Northeast Asian History Foundation Chong-Moon Lee Zia Chishti National University of Singapore The Cyrus Chung Ying Tang Foundation The Pantech Group The Ford Foundation Thomas and Shelagh Rohlen Fukuyama Transporting Co., Ltd. every gift makes a difference Henri Hiroyuki and Tomoye N. Takahashi Hana Financial Group The Walter and Phyllis Shorenstein Foundation The Hannah Oberman Trust To become a friend of Shorenstein APARC, please contact Neil Penick, FSI’s Tong Yang Business Group Barbara Hillman associate director for development and external relations, at 650-723-8681 or India Technology Initiative Jerry Yang and Akiko Yamazaki APARC Industrial & Commercial Bank-China [email protected]. Gifts to Shorenstein are tax-deductible under $500,000 to $1,000,000 Japan College of Social Work applicable rules. Shorenstein APARC and its parent organization, FSI, are part The Academy of Korean Studies The Japan Economic Foundation of Stanford University’s tax-exempt status as a Section 501(c) (3) public charity. Asahi Shimbun The Japan Foundation For information on joining Shorenstein APARC as a corporate affiliate, please Daniel (Wen Chi) Chen and Su-Sheng Japan Patent Office Hong Chen Yumi and Yasunori Kaneko contact Denise Masumoto, manager of corporate relations, at 650-725-2706 The Development Bank of Japan Korea Central Daily or [email protected].

34 shorenstein asia-pacific research center How support translates into real-world impact promoting academic scholarship Scholars of contemporary Southeast Asia have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the resources of two universities through a divided residency offered by the Lee Kong Chian NUS–Stanford Distinguished Fellowship. Generous support from the National University of Singapore (NUS) allows fellows to spend time at both Stanford and NUS conducting research and writing.

Tim Forsyth (top, in a cleared section of parkland in Sumatra) was a 2012–13 fellow. 2012–13 / While a Fellow at the Center, Tim Forsyth was able to study how A reader at the London School of Economics and Political Science, he shared his global expertise on climate change mitigation is adopted in Southeast Asia. expertise about the delicate balance between encouraging development and protecting the environment. strengthening u.s.-asia relations The Koret Fellowship in U.S.-Korea Relations annually brings a leading professional from Asia or the United States to Stanford to study the contemporary bilateral relationship. Fellows also play a leading role in organizing the annual Koret Conference, which brings together U.S. and Korean policymakers. The Koret Foundation of San Francisco provides generous funding for the fellowship. While at Stanford, Byongwon Bahk (center), formerly senior advisor to Korean president 2011 / Byongwon Bahk, former top South Korean economic official, Lee Myung-bak, conducted research on the U.S. and Korean economies, and co-edited at the 2011 Koret Conference. and contributed to the volume South Korea and the Global Economy in Transition. facilitating policy-oriented dialogue Shorenstein APARC established the Stanford Kyoto Trans-Asian Dialogue in 2009 to facilitate conversation about current Asia-Pacific issues with far-reaching global implications. Taking place in Kyoto, the Dialogues bring together a diverse range of experts and opinion leaders from Asia and the United States. Participants have explored issues ranging from the environmental and economic impacts of energy usage to the dramatic demographic shift that is taking place in Asia. Yasunori Kaneko (bottom), managing director of Skyline Ventures, and his wife Yumi have generously supported the Dialogue. Kaneko himself has been an active participant 2011 / Yasunori Kaneko participating at the 2011 Stanford-Kyoto Trans-Asian in several Dialogues in Kyoto. Dialogue on demographic change.

thirtieth anniversary celebration 35 Photo credits

Cover REUTERS / Aly Song • page 4 a Shorenstein APARC b Shorenstein APARC c Shorenstein APARC d Shorenstein APARC e U.S. National Archives / Robert L. Knudsen f Flickr / INABA Tomoaki g Flickr / Camera key on autopilot h Wikimedia Commons i Shorenstein APARC j U.S. Defense Visual Information Directorate / Ken Hackman k Flickr / Robert Croma l Photoprint by Underwood & Underwood. Created/Published: 1926 l left, r right, t top, c center, b bottom; m Flickr / lewishamdreamer n Flickr / VivaoPictures / Raphaël Thiémard • page 5 t Shorenstein APARC timeline images are referred to by a-n, c Shorenstein APARC b Shorenstein APARC bl Shorenstein APARC • page 6 a courtesy CISAC b courtesy UN Photo/Milton Grant c Wikimedia Commons d Wikimedia Commons / Ravindraboopathi e Shorenstein APARC going left to right, top to bottom. f courtesy Fotopedia / Philip Roeland g Steve Kiser h Shorenstein APARC i Flickr / Mark Fahey j Shorenstein All Flickr images are courtesy of APARC k Flickr / Al Jazeera English / Steve Chao l Fotopedia / HKmPUA m courtesy EU/ECHO / Devrig Velly photographers who have made their n Flickr / asian media photostream • page 7 t Shorenstein APARC / Linda Cicero c Shorenstein APARC / Don work available as Creative Commons- Richey b courtesy Stacey Greiken • page 8 a courtesy NASA b Flickr / riacale c Flickr / teawithlizzie d courtesy Wikimedia Commons e Shorenstein APARC f courtesy Stanford News Service / Linda Cicero g courtesy Lim licensed content. Dong-won h Flickr / davidreid i courtesy Stanford Program on Regions of Innovation and Entrepreneurship j Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey k courtesy Wikimedia Commons / Yann Forget l Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey m courtesy Stanford News Service / Linda Cicero n Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 9 t Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey c Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey b Shorenstein APARC • page 10 a Shorenstein APARC b REUTERS/Bobby Yip c courtesy Karen Eggleston d courtesy Wikimedia Commons / Ramy Majouji e Flickr / Shreyans Bhansali f Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey g Shorenstein APARC h Flickr / Leonard Chien i Official White House Photo by Pete Souzaj courtesy JSP k Flickr / World Economic Forum / Adam Dean l REUTERS/Toru Hanai m Flickr / Al Jazeera English / Steve Chao n Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 11 t Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey c courtesy Daniel Okimoto b Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 13 l courtesy Chris Lee tr Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey tb courtesy Academica Sinica • page 14 Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 15 l Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey br Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey br Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 16 courtesy Stanford Program on International and Cross-Cultural Education • page 17 l courtesy Kay Shimizu tr courtesy SPRIE / Robert Bradshaw br Shorenstein APARC • page 19 tl courtesy SPRIE / Robert Bradshaw tr courtesy Jeremy Menchik bl courtesy Katharina Zellweger br Shorenstein APARC • page 20 courtesy Chris Lee • page 21 l courtesy Karen Eggleston tr Shorenstein APARC br courtesy AHPP / Director Zuo, Caoyang Community Health Center • page 22 Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey • page 23 tl Shorenstein APARC c Shorenstein APARC r courtesy Corporate Affiliates • page 24 Shorenstein APARC / Debbie Warren • page 25 l courtesy Japan Institute of International Affairs tr Shorenstein APARC br Shorenstein APARC / Wena Rosario • page 26 REUTERS / KCNA • page 27 l Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey tr Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey br courtesy KSP / Gi-Wook Shin • page 28 courtesy SCP • page 29 l courtesy Xueguang Zhou tr courtesy FSI / James Wasserman br courtesy SCP • page 30 courtesy SEAF • page 31 l courtesy Donald Emmerson tr courtesy Larry Diamond br courtesy S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) • page 35 t courtesy Tim Forsyth c Shorenstein APARC / Rod Searcey b Shorenstein APARC

36 shorenstein asia-pacific research center mission The Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (Shorenstein APARC) is a unique Stanford University institution dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of contemporary Asia. Shorenstein APARC’s mission is • to produce and publish outstanding interdisciplinary Asia-Pacific–focused research; • to educate students, scholars, and corporate and governmental affiliates; • to promote constructive interaction to influence U.S. policy toward the Asia-Pacific; • to guide Asian nations on key issues of societal transition, development, U.S.-Asia relations, and regional cooperation.

Keep in touch with Shorenstein APARC! facebook: www.facebook.com/stanfordsaparc twitter: twitter.com/stanfordsaparc mailing list: subscribe at aparc.stanford.edu the walter h. shorenstein Stanford University asia-pacific research center Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Encina Hall Stanford, CA 94305-6055 Phone: 650.723.9741 Fax: 650.723.6530 http://aparc.stanford.edu