An Exploration of Comics and Architecture in Post-War Germany and the United States
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An Exploration of Comics and Architecture in Post-War Germany and the United States A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Ryan G. O’Neill IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Dr. Rembert Hueser, Adviser October 2016 © Ryan Gene O’Neill 2016 Table of Contents List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………………...……….i Prologue……………………………………………………………………………………….....…1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………...8 Chapter 1: The Comic Laboratory…………………………………………………...…………………………………….31 Chapter 2: Comics and Visible Time…………………………………………………………………………...…………………..52 Chapter 3: Comic Cities and Comic Empires………………………………...……………………………...……..…………………….80 Chapter 4: In the Shadow of No Archive…………………………………………………………………………..…….…………114 Epilogue: The Painting that Ate Paris………………………………………………………………………………...…………….139 Works Cited…..……………………………………………………………………………..……152 i Figures Prologue Figure 1: Kaczynski, Tom (w)(a). “Skyway Sleepless.” Twin Cities Noir: The Expanded Edition. Ed. Julie Schaper, Steven Horwitz. New York: Akashic Books, 2013. Print. Figure 2: Kaczynski, Tom (w)(a). “Skyway Sleepless.” Twin Cities Noir: The Expanded Edition. Ed. Julie Schaper, Steven Horwitz. New York: Akashic Books, 2013. Print. Figure 3: Image of Vitra Feuerwehrhaus Uncredited. https://www.vitra.com/de-de/campus/architecture/architecture-fire-station Figure 4: Kaczynski, Tom (w)(a). “Skyway Sleepless.” Twin Cities Noir: The Expanded Edition. Ed. Julie Schaper, Steven Horwitz. New York: Akashic Books, 2013. Print. Introduction Figure 1: Goscinny, René (w), Alberto Uderzo (i). Die Trabantenstadt. trans. Gudrun Penndorf. Stuttgart: Ehapa Verlag GmbH, 1974. Pp.28-29. Print. Figure 2: Forum at Pompeii, Vitruvius Vitrubius. The Ten Books on Architecture. trans. Morris Hicky Morgan, Ph.D., LL.D. Illustrations under the direction of Herbert Langford Warren, A.M. pp. 132. Print. Figure 3: Töpffer, Rodolphe. Die Geschichte des Monsieur Jabot: 15. Tafel. 1833. Monsieur Jabot. Accessed 24. July 2016. http://www.zeno.org/Kunstwerke/B/T%C3%B6pffer,+Rodolphe%3A+Die+Geschichte+des+M onsieur+Jabot%3A+15.+Tafel Figure 4: McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics. New York: Harper Perennial, 1993. Pp. 101. Print. Figure 5: McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics. New York: Harper Perennial, 1993. Pp. 101. Print. Figure 6: Yellow Kid Outcault, R. F. "The Crowd Gets Up an Election Bonfire and the Yellow Kid Plays Nero." McFadden's Row of Flats. New York Journal. 7 Nov. 1897. R. F. Outcault’s The Yellow Kid: A Centennial Celebration of the Kid Who Started the Comics. Northampton, Mass.: Kitchen Sink Press, 1995. Plate 93. Figure 7: Herriman, George. “Und jetzt mal einen mit ‘ner Kurve drin!” George Herriman’s Krazy Kat: Aus der Goldenen Zeit der Comics. Trans. Carl Weissner. München: Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, 1988. Pp. 73. Print ii Figure 8: Masereel, Frans. “Untitled.” The City. A Vision in Woodcuts. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc, 2006. Print. Figure 9: Masereel, Frans. “Untitled.” The City. A Vision in Woodcuts. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc, 2006. Print. Figure 10: Kirby, Jack (w, p), Mike Royer (i), Petra Goldberg (c) . “Devil’s War.” Devil Dinosaur #2.(May 1978). New York: Marvel Comics Group, 2014. Pp. 38. Print Chapter 1 Figure 1: Moore, Alan (w), Stephen Bissette (p), John Totleben (p), Tatjana Wood (c), “The Anatomy Lesson.” Swamp Thing #21 (February 1984). New York: DC Comics. pp. 11 Print. Figure 2: Moore, Alan (w), Stephen Bissette (p), John Totleben (p), Tatjana Wood (c), “The Anatomy Lesson.” Swamp Thing #21 (February 1984). New York: DC Comics. pp. 7 Print. Figure 3: Moore, Alan (w), Stephen Bissette (p), John Totleben (p), Tatjana Wood (c), “The Anatomy Lesson.” Swamp Thing #21 (February 1984). New York: DC Comics. pp. 17 Print. Figure 4: Wertham, Fredric M.D. Seduction of the Innocent. Toronto: Clark Iron & Company, Ltd., 1953. Print Figure 5: Wertham, Fredric M.D. Seduction of the Innocent. Toronto: Clark Iron & Company, Ltd., 1953. Print Figure 6: Comics Code Authority Seal. 1954. Accessed 24 July 2016. https://steppingonpoint.wordpress.com/2014/02/15/the-comic-code-the-comic-code-authority/ Figure 7: Behrens, Wilhelm J. Hilfsbuch zur Ausführung mikroskopischer Untersuchungen im Botanischen Laboratorium. Braunschweig: C.A. Schwetschke und Sohn, 1883. Figure 8: Moore, Alan (w), Stephen Bissette (p), John Totleben (p), Tatjana Wood (c), “The Anatomy Lesson.” Swamp Thing #21 (February 1984). New York: DC Comics. pp. 10 Print. Chapter 2: Figure 1: McGuire, Richard. Here. New York: Pantheon Books, 2014. Print. iii Figure 2: Morrison, Grant (w), Frank Quitely (i), Jamie Grant (c). All-Star Superman. New York: DC Comics, 2007. Figure 3: Crumb, R. “A Short History of America.” Accessed 24 July 2016. http://www.deniskitchen.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Store_code=ag&Screen=PROD&Product_Co de=SP_RC.shorthist Figure 4: McGuire, Richard. “Here.” Five Dials No. 35: Richard McGuire Makes a Book. Ed. Craig Taylor. Hamish Hamilton. Accessed 29 June 2016. http://fivedials.com/portfolio/issue-35-richard- mcguire-makes-a-book/ Figure 5: McGuire, Richard. Here. New York: Pantheon Books, 2014. Print. Figure 6: Böhmler, Klaus. “Zimmer.” Interfunktionen. Ed. Gloria Moure. Köln: Freie Presse. 1970. Print. Figure 7: Museum für angewandte Kunst. Screen capture. Accessed 19 June 2016. http://www.museumangewandtekunst.de/de/museum/ausstellungen/zeitraum.html Online. Figure 8: McGuire, Richard. Here. New York: Pantheon Books, 2014. Print. Figure 9 McGuire, Richard. Here. New York: Pantheon Books, 2014. Print. Figure 10 McGuire, Richard. Here. New York: Pantheon Books, 2014. Print. Figure 11: Ware, Chris. Building Stories. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012. Cover. Print. Figure 12: Keane, Bill. “Family Circus.” Accessed 20 July 2016. http://www.npr.org/sections/monkeysee/2011/11/11/142218444/bil-keanes-dotted-line-an- appreciation Figure 13: Keane, Bill, Friedrich Nietzsche. “Nietzsche Family Circus.” Accessed 1 July 2016. www.nietzschefamilycircus.com Figure 14: Ware, Chris. Building Stories. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012. “Branford the Best Bee in the World.” Print. Figure 15: Ware, Chris. Building Stories. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012. “Little Golden Book.” Print. iv Figure 16: Ware, Chris. Building Stories. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012. “Little Golden Book.” Print. Figure 17: Ware, Chris. Jimmy Corrigan: The Smartest Kid on Earth. New York: Pantheon Books, 2003. Print. Chapter 3: Figure 1: Becher, Bernd, Hilla Becher. Zeche Consolidation, Gelsenkirchen, Ruhrgebiet, D. 1974. Industrial Landscapes. Trans. Anne Heritage. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 2002. Print. Figure 2: Disney, Walt. Der Fuehrer’s Face. Dir. Jack Kinny. Film. 1943. Walt Disney Pictures. RKO Radio Pictures Distributors. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn20oXFrxxg Figure 3: Disney, Walt. Der Fuehrer’s Face. Dir. Jack Kinny. Film. 1943. Walt Disney Pictures. RKO Radio Pictures Distributors. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn20oXFrxxg Figure 4: Barks, Carl (p,w). “Messes Become Successes.” Walt Disney’s Uncle Scrooge: DuckTales. New York: kaboom!, 2012. Print. Figure 5: Barks, Carl (w,p). Micky Maus Heft Band 35. Trans. Dr. Erika Fuchs. Berlin: Ehepa Verlag, 1966. Pp. 2. Print. Figure 6: Barks, Carl (w, p). “Turnvater Jahn”. Barks Library Onkel Dagobert Band 1. trans. Dr. Erika Fuchs. Berlin: Ehepa Verlag, 2011. pp. 54. Print. Figure 7: Barks, Carl (w, p). Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck 95. Berlin: Ehepa Verlag, 1997. trans. Dr. Erika Fuchs. pp. 50. Print. Figure 8: Zschocke, Fee, Dirk Reimartz. “Mit Fix und Foxi gegen Micky Maus.” stern. Nr. 44/1972. Print. Figure 9: Busch, Wilhelm. Max und Moritz: Eine Bubengeschichte in sieben Streichen. Köln: Schwager und Steinlein, 2013. Print. Figure 10: Kauka, Rolf. Lupo Nr. 1. München: Kauka/Promedia Inc, 1964. Rückseite. Print. Figure 11: “Lupo’s Turm.” Fix und Foxi #5. München: Kauka/Promedia Inc., 1979. Online. http://www.kaukapedia.com/index.php?title=Bastelbogen:_Das_Fix_und_Foxi_Land v Figure 12: “Hotel im Wasserturm (Flight over Cologne).“ Accessed 20 July 2016. Online. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hotel_im_Wasserturm_(Flight_over_Cologne).jpg Figure 13: Becher, Bernd, Hilla Becher. “Water Tower, Dorsfeld District, Dortmund, Germany, 1965.” Bernd and Hilla Becher. Life and Work. Trans. Jeremy Gaines. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The MIT Press, 2007. Pp. 110. Print Figure 14: Land, Lothar. “Boarding School.” 20 March 1931. Bauhaus. ed. Jeannine Fiedler, Peter Feierabend. Cologne: Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1999. pp. 572 Print. Figure 15: Meyer, Hannes. “Site plan, street profiles, aerial axonometric view and factual summary for the “Freidorf auf dem Schänzli” housing development in Muttenz, near Basel.” 8 December 1920. Bauhaus. ed. Jeannine Fiedler, Peter Feierabend. Cologne: Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1999. pp. 205 Print. Figure 16 Bükschmitt, Justus. Ernst May: Bauen und Planungen Band 1. Stuttgart: Verlagsanstalt Alexander Koch GmbH, 1963. Pp. 33. Print. Figure 17: “Mein Entenhausen Stadtplan.“ Disney. http://www.welt.de/reise/article3857838/Ent-lich-eine- Stadtfuehrung-durch-Donalds-Heimat.html Online. Figure 18: “Das Fix und Foxi Land: Lupo’s Turm.“ München_ Kauka/Promedia Inc., 2007. Online. http://www.kaukapedia.com/index.php?title=Datei:1979-05_Anleitung_2a.jpg Figure 19: Uderzo, Alberto (I, w). Asterix und Latraviata. trans. Gudrun Penndorf. Stuttgart: Ehapa Verlag GmbH, 2001. http://www.comedix.de/lexikon/special/gallierdorf/unserdorf.php