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Water-Wise Gardening Guide
Water-Wise Gardening Guide Water... every drop is precious! Watering Habits A water-wise landscape can be beautiful and it can help you save water too. Do you want to be a wiser water miser? You don’t have to pull out all your plants and start over. Lets begin by examining the way you water. It may surprise you to learn that it is not necessary to water every day. In fact, watering 2-3 times per week may be enough. The key is to water deeply, allowing water to penetrate through the soil and reach plant roots. Your Irrigation System Turn on your sprinkler system and observe. Does it water your plants or the sidewalk? Does water flow into the gutter? If so, you are applying water faster than your soil can absorb it. Turn on your drip irrigation system and observe. Are the emitters clogged? Is water flowing out of the pipe where your emitter should be? Check your emitters weekly, use a filter, and use a pressure regulator on your system. Check Your Soil For lawns–after watering, take a screwdriver and probe it into the soil. If you can push it 6 inches deep, you have watered enough. If you can’t, set your timer to water longer . Then wait a few days and check it again. When the screwdriver can’t go in as deep, it is time to water. For trees and shrubs-after watering, the soil should be wet 2-3 feet deep. If you can easily dig with a shovel, you have watered enough. -
Department of Planning and Zoning
Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only -
Tamarind 1990 - 2004
Tamarind 1990 - 2004 Author A. K. A. Dandjouma, C. Tchiegang, C. Kapseu and R. Ndjouenkeu Title Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) Pierre ex Pax seeds treatments influence on the q Year 2004 Source title Rivista Italiana delle Sostanze Grasse Reference 81(5): 299-303 Abstract The effects of heating Ricinodendron heudelotii seeds on the quality of the oil extracted was studied. The seeds were preheated by dry and wet methods at three temperatures (50, 70 and 90 degrees C) for 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. The oil was extracted using the Soxhlet method with hexane. The results showed a significant change in oil acid value when heated at 90 degrees C for 60 minutes, with values of 2.76+or-0.18 for the dry method and 2.90+or-0.14 for the wet method. Heating at the same conditions yielded peroxide values of 10.70+or-0.03 for the dry method and 11.95+or-0.08 for the wet method. Author A. L. Khandare, U. Kumar P, R. G. Shanker, K. Venkaiah and N. Lakshmaiah Title Additional beneficial effect of tamarind ingestion over defluoridated water supply Year 2004 Source title Nutrition Reference 20(5): 433-436 Abstract Objective: We evaluated the effect of tamarind (Tamarindus indicus) on ingestion and whether it provides additional beneficial effects on mobilization of fluoride from the bone after children are provided defluoridated water. Methods: A randomized, diet control study was conducted in 30 subjects from a fluoride endemic area after significantly decreasing urinary fluoride excretion by supplying defluoridated water for 2 wk. -
Full Article
Volume 20: 29–33 ELOPEA Publication date: 16 February 2017 T dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea11338 Journal of Plant Systematics plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL • ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) Lectotypification of Mimosa pubescens Vent. (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) Phillip G Kodela and Peter G Wilson National Herbarium of New South Wales, The Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract A lectotype is here designated for Mimosa pubescens Vent., the basionym of the Australian species Acacia pubescens (Vent.) R.Br. Introduction Acacia pubescens (Vent.) R.Br. has a restricted distribution in the greater Sydney region of New South Wales (see Tame 1992, Tindale and Kodela 2001, Kodela and Harden 2002, Kodela 2016, OEH 2016), and is listed as a Vulnerable species (OEH 2016). The basionym of Acacia pubescens, Mimosa pubescens, was originally published by Étienne Ventenat in the first volume of his work Jardin de la Malmaison (Ventenat 1803) that celebrated the collection of interesting plants from around the world in cultivation at the home of the Empress Josephine. Lack (2004: 35) notes that the number of Australian plants described in this work was “remarkably high” considering that the continent was, at that time, still largely unknown. The detailed descriptions were accompanied by fine illustrations by the famous botanical artist Redouté. At the time of compilation of the Acacia treatment in the Flora of Australia, no type specimen had been located (Tindale and Kodela 2001) and it was later suggested that the species could have been lectotypified on the plate in the protologue (Fig. -
Koelreuteria Bipinnata Chinese Flame-Tree1 Edward F
Fact Sheet ST-336 November 1993 Koelreuteria bipinnata Chinese Flame-Tree1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION A yellow carpet of fallen petals, delicate leaflets which cast a mosaic of welcoming shade, and large clusters of persistent rose-colored, papery capsules all help to make Chinese Flame-Treetree a very popular landscape tree over a wide area of the south (Fig. 1). One of only a few yellow-flowering trees for the mid- and deep-south landscape. This broad-spreading, deciduous tree reaches a height of 40 to 60 feet and eventually takes on a flat-topped, somewhat irregular silhouette. It is often used as a patio, shade, street, or specimen tree. The small, fragrant, yellow flowers appear in very showy, dense, terminal panicles in early summer, and are followed in late summer or fall by large clusters of the two-inch-long "Chinese lanterns". These papery husks are held above the foliage and retain their pink color after drying and are very popular for use in everlasting flower arrangements. The bark on Chinese Flame-Tree is smooth and light brown when young, becoming ridged and furrowed as the tree matures. Easily distinquished from Koelreuteria paniculata since Koelreuteria bipinnata has more upright branches and has twice compound leaves, whereas Koelreuteria paniculata has single pinnate compound leaves. Figure 1. Young Chinese Flame-Tree. GENERAL INFORMATION USDA hardiness zones: 7 through 10A (Fig. 2) Origin: not native to North America Scientific name: Koelreuteria bipinnata Uses: container or above-ground planter; large Pronunciation: kole-roo-TEER-ee-uh parking lot islands (> 200 square feet in size); wide bye-pih-NAY-tuh tree lawns (>6 feet wide); medium-sized parking lot Common name(s): Chinese Flame-Tree, islands (100-200 square feet in size); medium-sized Bougainvillea Goldenraintree tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); recommended for buffer Family: Sapindaceae 1. -
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Azerbaijan – Naiba Mehtiyeva and Sevil Zeynalova
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY – Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Azerbaijan – Naiba Mehtiyeva and Sevil Zeynalova MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF AZERBAIJAN Naiba Mehtiyeva and Sevil Zeynalova Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Badamdar sh. 40, AZ1073, Baku, Azerbaijan Keywords: Azerbaijan, medicinal plants, aromatic plants, treatments, history, biological active substances. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Historical perspective of the traditional medicine 3. Medicinal and aromatic plants of Azerbaijan 4. Preparation and applying of decoctions and infusions from medicinal plants 5. Conclusion Acknowledgement Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary Data on the biological active substances and therapeutical properties of more than 131 medicinal and aromatic (spicy-aromatic) plants widely distributed and frequently used in Azerbaijan are given in this chapter. The majority of the described species contain flavonoids (115 sp.), vitamin C (84 sp.), fatty oils (78 sp.), tannins (77 sp.), alkaloids (74 sp.) and essential oils (73 sp.). A prevalence of these biological active substances defines the broad spectrum of therapeutic actions of the described plants. So, significant number of species possess antibacterial (69 sp.), diuretic (60 sp.), wound healing (51 sp.), styptic (46 sp.) and expectorant (45 sp.) peculiarities. The majority of the species are used in curing of gastrointestinal (89 sp.), bronchopulmonary (61 sp.), dermatovenerologic (61 sp.), nephritic (55 sp.) and infectious (52 sp.) diseases, also for treatment of festering -
MASTER PLANT LIST for WOODLAND WATER-WISE MOW
MASTER PLANT LIST for WOODLAND WATEWATERR ‐WISE MOMOWW STRIPSTRIPSS Plant species included below are recommended for use in the Woodland Water‐Wise Mow Strips. See individual planting plans for design layouts, site preparation, installation and maintenance tips. SHRUBS COMMON NAME Height Width Exposure Description Botanical Name AUTUMN SAGE 3' 3' sun/part shade Small shrub with showy flowers that attract hummingbirds and beneficial insects. Many color Salvia greggii varieties flowers profusely in the spring and fall BLUE BLOSSOM (N) 3' 3' sun/part shade Best small ceanothus for Central Valley gardens; clusters of dark-violet flowers bloom in spring; Ceanothus maritimus attracts beneficial insects. Little or no pruning 'Valley Violet' required. Drought tolerant. CLEVELAND SAGE (N) 3' 3' sun/part shade Evergreen shrub produces maroon-stemmed, blue-violet flowers in spring; attracts Salvia clevelandii hummingbirds, butterflies and beneficial insects. ''WinnifredWinnifred GilmanGilman'' RemoveRemove ooldld flflowerower stastalkslks iinn summer; prune to maintain compact form. Very drought tolerant. COMPACT OREGON GRAPE 1‐3' 2‐3' part shade/shade Dark, grape-like fruits provide food for native birds; tough plant that tolerates a variety of Mahonia aquifolium garden conditions; attracts beneficial insects 'Compacta' (N) and birds. Drought tolerant. GOODWIN CREEK LAVENDER 3' 3' sun More heat resistant than English lavenders; long springi andd summer blbloom; attracts Lavendula x ginginsii hummingbirds and beneficial insects; cut back 'Goodwin Creek Grey' after flowering; drought tolerant. SPANISH LAVENDER 1.5‐3' 2‐3' sun Showiest of all the lavenders; blooming in spring; cut back to removed old flowers; attracts Lavandula stoechas butterflies and beneficial insects; drought tolerant. RED YUCCA ((N)N) 3‐4' 4 3‐ 44'sun Attractive spiky-lookingpy g leaves; ; blooms all summer long; attracts hummingbirds; very heat Hesperaloe parviflora and drought tolerant. -
Osmanthus Fragrans
Osmanthus fragrans (Sweet Osmanthus, fragrant Tea olive) Sweet Tea Olive is large evergreen shrub or small tree is capable of reaching 6-8 m in height and width but is most often seen at 3-4 m high with a 2 m spread. The shiny, medium-green leaves have paler undersides and are joined from October through March by a multitude of small, but extremely fragrant, white blossoms. They perfume a large area of the landscape and can be showy in some years. The plant has a upright oval to columnar growth habit in youth. Sweet Osmanthus is ideal for use as an unclipped hedge or trained as a small tree, and should be placed where its fragrance can be enjoyed. Since the flowers are not particularly showy, people will wonder where the delightful fragrance is coming from. Sweet Osmanthus should be grown in full sun or partial shade in well-drained soil. Plants are fairly drought-tolerant once established but will perform their best with ample moisture. Needs acidic soil to grow in. Landscape Information French Name: Osmanthe fragrante, Osmanthe parfumée Pronounciation: oz-MANTH-us FRAY-granz Plant Type: Shrub Origin: Japan, China Heat Zones: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Hardiness Zones: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 Uses: Screen, Hedge, Container Size/Shape Growth Rate: Slow Tree Shape: Round Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical Canopy Density: Medium Canopy Texture: Medium Height at Maturity: 3 to 5 m Spread at Maturity: 3 to 5 meters Plant Image Osmanthus fragrans (Sweet Osmanthus, fragrant Tea olive) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Opposite Leaf Venation: Pinnate Leaf -
21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–10 Edition) § 582.20
§ 582.20 21 CFR Ch. I (4–1–10 Edition) Common name Botanical name of plant source Marjoram, sweet .......................................................................... Majorana hortensis Moench. Mustard, black or brown .............................................................. Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Mustard, brown ............................................................................ Brassica juncea (L.) Coss. Mustard, white or yellow .............................................................. Brassica hirta Moench. Nutmeg ........................................................................................ Myristica fragrans Houtt. Oregano (oreganum, Mexican oregano, Mexican sage, origan) Lippia spp. Paprika ......................................................................................... Capsicum annuum L. Parsley ......................................................................................... Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Mansf. Pepper, black ............................................................................... Piper nigrum L. Pepper, cayenne ......................................................................... Capsicum frutescens L. or Capsicum annuum L. Pepper, red .................................................................................. Do. Pepper, white ............................................................................... Piper nigrum L. Peppermint .................................................................................. Mentha piperita L. Poppy seed -
Variety Identification and Landscape Application of Osmanthus Fragrans
l of Hortic na ul r tu u r Mu et al., J Hortic 2019, 6:1 o e J Journal of Horticulture DOI: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000251 ISSN: 2376-0354 ResearchRapid Communication Article OpenOpen Access Access Variety Identification and Landscape Application of Osmanthus fragrans in Jingzhou City Hongna Mu, Fei Zhao, Dongling Li and Taoze Sun* College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, No. 88 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China Abstract Osmanthus fragrans had been considered one of the most popular trees in China for its economic value and cultural significance. O. fragrans, the most ubiquitous garden plants, which varieties had been unclear in Jingzhou city. It is an urgent task to figure out the precise varieties. Therefore, the investigation was carried out. Finally, 24 varieties were identifiedand landscape application had been illustrated in this paper. Keywords: Osmanthus fragrans; Variety identification; Landscape Material and Method application Materials Introduction This study was carried out in Three Kingdoms Park, Mingyue Park, Osmanthus fragrans, commonly known as sweet osmanthus, is Binjiang Park, Zhongshan Park, four typical public parks considering a woody, evergreen species of shrubs and small trees in the Oleaceae the park size, popularity, Vegetation coverage and the numbers of family. Sweet osmanthus has considerable economic value and cultural sweet osmanthus tree. Its distribution was illustrated in Figure 1a-d. significance and is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China. Method of variety survey Twenty-four of the thirty-five species in the Osmanthus genus are distributed in China, with the mostly highly representative species being Prepare variety investigation record card according to the O. -
Introduction Methods Results
Papers and Proceedings Royal Society ofTasmania, Volume 1999 103 THE CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF THE VEGETATION AND FLORA OF THE HUNTINGFIELD AREA, SOUTHERN TASMANIA by J.B. Kirkpatrick (with two tables, four text-figures and one appendix) KIRKPATRICK, J.B., 1999 (31:x): The characteristics and management problems of the vegetation and flora of the Huntingfield area, southern Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 133(1): 103-113. ISSN 0080-4703. School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University ofTasmania, GPO Box 252-78, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia 7001. The Huntingfield area has a varied vegetation, including substantial areas ofEucalyptus amygdalina heathy woodland, heath, buttongrass moorland and E. amygdalina shrubbyforest, with smaller areas ofwetland, grassland and E. ovata shrubbyforest. Six floristic communities are described for the area. Two hundred and one native vascular plant taxa, 26 moss species and ten liverworts are known from the area, which is particularly rich in orchids, two ofwhich are rare in Tasmania. Four other plant species are known to be rare and/or unreserved inTasmania. Sixty-four exotic plantspecies have been observed in the area, most ofwhich do not threaten the native biodiversity. However, a group offire-adapted shrubs are potentially serious invaders. Management problems in the area include the maintenance ofopen areas, weed invasion, pathogen invasion, introduced animals, fire, mechanised recreation, drainage from houses and roads, rubbish dumping and the gathering offirewood, sand and plants. Key Words: flora, forest, heath, Huntingfield, management, Tasmania, vegetation, wetland, woodland. INTRODUCTION species with the most cover in the shrub stratum (dominant species) was noted. If another species had more than half The Huntingfield Estate, approximately 400 ha of forest, the cover ofthe dominant one it was noted as a codominant. -
Risk Assessment Robinia Pseudoacacia L
Risk assessment Robinia pseudoacacia L. Naamloos-2 1 15-03-13 08:10 © Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden March 2013 Naamloos-2 2 15-03-13 08:10 Risk assessment Robinia pseudoacacia L. E. Boer March 2012 Naamloos-2 1 15-03-13 08:10 Naamloos-2 2 15-03-13 08:10 Table of contents 1. Introduction — 5 2. Robinia pseudoacacia: description, ecology and history — 6 2.1. Description — 6 2.2. Ecology — 6 3. Risk assessment — 8 3.1. Entry — 8 3.2. Establishment — 8 3.3. Spread — 8 3.4. Endangered areas — 9 3.5. Impact — 10 3.5.1. Ecological impact — 10 3.5.2. Economic impact — 10 3.5.3. Social impact — 11 4. Risk management — 12 4.1. Prevention of deliberate planting — 12 4.2. Prevention of dispersal — 12 4.3. Eradication and control — 12 4.4. Conclusions — 13 5. References — 14 Annex 1 Risk assessment scores using the ISEIA protocol — 16 This report was commissioned by the Invasive Alien Species Team of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority. Table of contents 3 Naamloos-2 3 15-03-13 08:10 4 Risk assessment Robinia pseudoacacia L. Naamloos-2 4 15-03-13 08:10 1. Introduction Exotic, invasive plant species have a negative impact on biodiversity, economy and/or public health. For this reason the Invasive Alien Species Team of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority has requested a risk assessment for Robinia pseudoacacia. The current risk assessment will focus on the situation in the Netherlands and discuss the following subjects: • Probability of entry • Probability of establishment in the Netherlands • Probability of spread • Identification of endangered areas based on the results of the three previous subjects • Impact of Robinia pseudoacacia in respect to ecological, economical and public health aspects • Management options to eradicate the species • Management options to control further spread and reduce impact.