a star of the -> -- ºf 6 3 +, + A D A P T E ID TO T H PATRIARC HAI, - - - - - --- - - -_ - --- - - -- - *- - – TANCIENT - (G ANſ A. A3J. th " - º \º º ſ - I o ** **, I º Uz IM thel *ºn a. º sºor ~ Jerich, Nºsak zºniº MIM - º, . - - Us IT Es, - - - * †EB º * * * - - º - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A B S T R A CT or BIBLIC A. L. G E O G R A PHY. to which is ADDED, 3. Compenbious tſſem of the ſūobern Geograppy OF E U R O PE, A SIA, AND A FR I CA. COMPILED 7. wºw, *- Rºc BY M. L. R. PERRINE, D. D. Spring Frof. of Eccl. Hist. and Ch. Polity, Theological Seminary, Auburn. AUBURN : PU B L IS H E D B Y H. IV. Is O N & Co. Oliphant & Skinner, Printers. Entered according to act of Congress, on the thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, by H. Ivison & Co. as Proprietors, in the Clerk's office of the District Court of the Northern District of New-York, A DV E R T IS E M E N T. THE following abstract was compiled with the design of af. fording the Theological students at Auburn, the means of obtaining as full and connected a view of Biblical Geography, as possible, in the limited time allotted them for this study. It is printed, by request, to save the time and labour, of transcribing, or taking notes. It was never intended to supersede the reading of more extensive works on this subject; but to render such reading more interesting, and benefieial. No one can suppose that all the names of places, and of people, mentioned in the Bible, will be found on the following pages: still, it is thought, that by fixing this sketch in the mind, the Biblical student, will not only be aided in his geographical investigations, but will be enabled to locate the most of the countries, nations, and families, that he meets with, in reading the sacred volume. It may not be improper to remark—that in locating the early nations, and families of our race, particular respect has been paid, in this abstract, to the opinion, that their settlements were made under a special providence, and in a regular and orderly manner— and that the plan of attempting to describe the extent and proba ble boundaries of these settlements, has been pursued, principally with a view to make the whole plot, or scheme, familiar to the student. No geographical mistakes, of a serious nature, it is iv. thought, will result from supposing that the outlines of the allot ment of a nation were extensive, and that they were filled up, by the families of that nation. The location of some of the settle ments may appear too hypothetical, and the description of their probable boundaries, in some cases, too tedious; yet the plan has been pursued, from a conviction that more may be gained than lost by it. These remarks, it will be understood, relate par ticularly to the Geography of the Patriarchal age. In forming this summary of Biblical Geography, the compiler has made free use, in every way that seemed best to answer his views, of the valuable works of the following authors—Wells, Taylor, Calmet, Paxton, Carpenter, Iahn, Horn, D. Anville, and S. Butler. As the limits of the eastern continent, or what is called the old world, include all that pertains to Biblical Geography; and as some information concerning its physical condition, and present divisions, is essential, profitably, to commence the study of the geography of the Bible; so a compendious view of the present geographical state of that portion of the earth, is added to this ab stract, that those who have not made themselves acquainted with common geography, may, without turning to other books, obtain such a knowledge of it, as not to be wholly unprepared to engage in learning the geography of the sacred scriptures. A word may be added concerning maps—One, adapted to the Geography of the Patriarchal age, will be found in this volume— V For the other parts of the Biblical Geography, the Bible Atlas engraved by Richard Palmer, and published in London, 1823, is particularly recommended—but the maps contained in many Bibles, Commentaries, Sacred Histories, and Books of Reference; and in almost any Atlas of Sacred Geography may be profitably used.* With respect to the Modern Geography of Europe, Asia, and Africa, any modern maps of these countries will afford all the assistance that is needed. * The maps in the English Version of the Polyglot Bible, published, at Boston, 1833, are very suitable; and so are those contained in Robinson's Calmet. By adding a map of Palestine, formed for general use, to the Ancient Atlas of Mrs. Willard, the great object of maps, in relation to this work, may be in a good measure obtained. 1% IN T R O DUCTION. Geogra THE term Geography is from the Greek words GE, phy—Its earth, and GRAPHo, I write—and it means a treatise meaning. concerning the earth, or more particularly, a descrip tion of the divisions, or parts of the earth's surface, and of their relative position. By Biblical Geography is meant a description of Biblical, Geography. those places, on the earth, that are mentioned in the Bible. A knowledge of Biblical Geography, besides afford Its use. ing satisfaction to the student of scripture, will help him to fix, in his memory, the events recorded in the Bible; and to discover peculiar fitness, beauty, and force, in many passages contained in the sacred volume. Biblical Geography may be divided into three parts— How di vided. Patriarchal, Jewish, and Christian. I. PATRIARCHAL-By this is meant an account of Patriarchal. the original location of the first families of our race; and of countries, kingdoms, and cities, up to the time, when the Isaelites took possession of the Promised Land. viii Jewish. II. JEwish.--This may be considered, as containing an account of the divisions of the Promised Land, at different times; and of its physical condition. Christian. III. CHRISTIAN.—By this may be understood, a des. cription of the countries, and kingdoms, mentioned in the New Testament, as they existed in the days of Christ, and his apostles—or the Geography of the New Testament. GEOGRAPHICAL U S E OF WO R D S. Land. I. LAND.—This is used in several senses— 1. It sometimes means, the whole continent of earth, as distinguished from sea—“Ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte,” Mat. xxiii. 15. 2. Sometimes it means, a region of greater or less extent—“The Lord liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north,” Jer. xvi. 15. 3. And sometimes it means, a particular district, inhabited by a certain nation, tribe, or family—“And Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian,” Exod. ii. 15. isle. II. IsLAND, or IsLE.—This has different meanings— 1. It is used to denote dry land, in opposition to water “I will make the rivers islands, and will dry up the pools,” Isa. xlii. 15. ix 2. Sometimes it means, a portion of land surrounded by water—“Howbeit, we must be cast upon a certain island. And they knew that the Island was called Melita,” Act, xxvii. 26. xxviii. 1. “I John was in the Isle that is called Patmos,” Rev. i. 9. 3. It is thought, that it sometimes means, a portion of the earth that is approached by water, whether it be surrounded by water, or not. The district, allotted to Japheth, is called isles, Gen. x. 5. because, as it is supposed, it was first approached, from the east, by water. See also Isa. xi. 10, 11. Ezek. xxvii. 3. III. CoAst.—This term is used to denote— 1. The whole of a country. “The locusts rested in Coast. all their coasts,” Exod. x. 14. See also Mat. ii. 16. Judg. xix. 20. 2. A district, bordering on a particular country “Sihon trusted not Israel to pass his coast, Judg. xi. 20. also Josh. xviii. 5. 3. More commonly, the margin of land, bordering on the sea—“Ships shall come from the coast of Chittim,” Num. xxiv. 24. also Mark, vii. 31. IV. SEA.—This word is employed to express— Sea, 1. The general collection of water which encom. passes the earth. Exod. xx. 11. Psalms, xcv. 5. * x 2. That part of this general collection of water, which washes the shore of a particular country— . “When we had sailed over the Sea of Cilicia, and Pamphilia,” Act. xxvii. 5. 3. Any large collection of water, as lakes, and rivers— “Sea of Galilee,” Mat. iv. 18. The river Euphates is called a sea, “I will dry up her sea.” i. e. Baby lon's—And again—“The sea is come up upon Baby lon,” Jer. li. 36, 42. See also Isa. xxi. 1. DESIGNATION OF THE DIFFERENT QUAR TERS OF THE HEAVENS, As to the manner in which the different quarters of the heavens are designated, in the scriptures, it may be remarked— By particu lar names. 1. That particular names are given to the four car dinal points—as, east, west, north, and south, 1. Chro. ix. 24. Luke xiii. 29. By other words and 2. That the four quarters of the heavens are desig. phrases. nated by other words, and phrases. When the people of the east, would mark the different quarters of the heavens, they considered themselves as facing the rising sun.