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North American Swamps

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North American Swamps North American Swamps Subject Area: Science – Geography, Ecosystems, Lifecycles Grades: Time: This lesson can be completed in… Essential Questions: • What are swamps? • Are swamps, marshes, and bogs the same? • Who lives there? • How does a trees life-cycle work? Purpose and Overview: The purpose of this lesson is to introduce students to North American swamp ecosystems and habitats as well as various organisms that call them home. At the end of the lesson students will have a better understanding of how swamp ecosystems play a vital role in our world as well as a have a deeper appreciation for what calls them home. Introduction: Welcome to North American swamps! The following pages contain lessons that you can group together as well as utilize individually for your students. There will be vocab listed throughout with a vocab list given just after the “Standards” page. With it you may choose to test your students with a vocab quiz at any time. All lessons come with a craft portion so make sure to check out the listed materials section and plan a head accordingly if you wish for your students to participate in the crafts. Print-outs for specific crafts will be available in PDF format There are also imbedded video links for various sections as well as an additional resource section with more handy links available. It is always a good idea to have these loaded a head of time as well, especially if you experience long load times on slower internet connections. The first video is an Eco-Exploration video showcasing our swamp exhibit here at Wonders of Wildlife. Located under the “Classroom Discussion & Activities” section. If you can, please view this video before getting into your lessons as it will help set the picture for students as well as give some helpful insight to lessons. 1 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps Objectives: • To be able to identify key characteristics of swamp ecosystems. • Compare similarities and differences between swamp and marsh regions. • Understand the diversity of organisms that live within these habitats. • Examine the impacts these regions are facing today and the effects it could have over time. Standards: Next Generation Science Standards Disciplinary Core Ideas • LS1.A: Structure and Function • LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms • LS2.A: Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems • LS2.B: Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems • LS2.C: Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience • LS4.B: Natural Selection • LS4.C: Adaptation • LS4.D: Biodiversity and Humans • ESS2.D: Weather and Climate • ESS3.C: Human Impact on Earth Systems Crosscutting Concepts • Patterns • Cause and Effect • Systems and System Models • Stability and Change Science and Engineering Practices • Evaluating and Communicating Information • Constructing Explanations 2 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps Vocabulary Adaptation: A characteristic or trait that allows an organism to be better suited for survival and reproduction within a given habitat. Aquatic Animals: Animals that live predominantly or entirely in the water. Biodiversity: When many different types of animal and plant species live in a particular ecosystem or habitat. Biodiversity Hotspot: An ecosystem or region with a significantly high amount of biodiversity that is also currently under threat of being destroyed. Conservation: Prudent use without waste; especially in the interest of wildlife, natural resources, and land management. Ecosystem: A community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. Endangered Species: A species of animal or plant that is in danger of going extinct. Erosion: The process of wind, water, or other natural forces breaking down something over a period of time. Habitat: The natural home of a living thing. Organism: An individual living thing. Pollution: When a harmful substance is out in the wrong place and/or in the wrong quantity and has a harmful effect on the environment. Survive: To continue to live or exist, especially in spite of danger or hardship. Swamp: An area of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects. Often considered to be transition zones of both land and water. Terrestrial Animals: Animals that live predominantly or entirely on land. Wetland: land consisting of marshes or swamps; saturated land. 3 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps Materials: Teacher: • Computer, Project Printouts, Screen, Internet Videos: • Videos are located throughout the document. Load them prior for quick access. Printouts: *Attached throughout and at the end of the lesson plan* Students: • Writing Utensil • Note Paper • Printouts (best for your grade level) Individual Supplies Per Lesson Craft: Student will need the supplies listed below for each craft. Ecosystem Mobile o Premade ecosystem cards ○ Stick/Hanger/Rod o String ○ Markers/crayons/pencils o Scissors ○ Hole puncher o Standard printer Swamp/Marsh Cups ~edible~ (*Allergies*) o Zip lock bags- sandwich size ○ Oreos o Gummy worms & frogs ○ Swedish fish o Chocolate pudding mix ○ Vanilla pudding mix o Milk ○ Whipped topping o Blue food coloring ○ Clear plastic cups o Whisk ○ Spoon o Green & multicolored sprinkles ○ Pretzel sticks 4 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps Alligator/Crocodile Visor o Black & gray construction paper ○ Scissors o Stapler ○ Markers/crayons/pencils o Glue sticks Life Cycle of a Fallen Tree o Pre-made life cycle sheet ○ Scissors o Glue ○ Brass Paper fastener Classroom Discussion & Activities: I. To begin, start off by asking your students some engaging questions. They can either be in a group discussion or asked and then have students write the answers down for later reference to see what they have learned after the lesson. Here are some questions you can ask… a. What do you think a swamp is? b. Where in North America do you think most swamps are found? c. Are there different types of swamps? d. How do you think organisms survive in a swamp ecosystem? e. Are swamps beneficial to us, if so how? II. With those questions answered and the discussion started, prepare video(s) and printouts for presentation to class. a. Hand out desired printouts b. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBBJl7Y44gs&t=2s c. Tailor and structure for your class d. Do further investigation to expand on pre-questions and classroom discussions. 5 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps What is a Swamp? 1. In this first section you will lay the foundation for the rest of the lesson packet. Provide visuals via maps, globes, and charts for students to know where some places swamps are found within North America. The list below will provide students with the basic characteristics of a swamp ecosystem. The end will conclude with a craft project. a. Swamps are areas of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects. Often considered to be transition zones because both land and water. A lot of times swamps are considered damp, dark, and scary places. Sure, they might not be much to the eye at first as far as cleanliness goes, but they are rich ecosystems full of biodiversity between aquatic and terrestrial organisms, as well as ecologically important for many surrounding areas. i. Provide students with the definition of ecosystem. A community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. ii. Provide students with the definition of biodiversity. When many different types of animal and plant species live in a particular ecosystem or habitat. iii. Provide students with the definition of aquatic animals. Animals that live predominantly or entirely in the water. iv. Provide students with the definition of terrestrial animals. Animals that live predominantly or entirely on land. b. Swamps are a type of wetland that links land and water and have many different habitats within them. i. Provide students with the definition on a wetland. A wetland land consisting of marshes or swamps; saturated land. ii. Provide students with the definition of habitat. The natural home of a living thing. c. Swamps can occur in areas with either fresh or salt water. This will determine the types of organisms (plants & animals) found within its ecosystem. d. They are predominately forested and often classified as one of three main types which are dependent on the types of trees that are present. i. Hardwood swamps ii. Cedar swamps iii. Cypress swamps 6 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps e. They are similar to lowland forests because they are in low-lying areas, however swamps will typically have deeper standing water and are wet for longer periods of the year. f. Feel free to add any additional facts or directions before moving onto the “Ecosystem Mobile” craft. g. Below is a link to our Book and a Beast, The Swamp Where Gator Hides. This reading will introduce students to some different organisms that call North American swamps home as well as additional ecosystem facts. Stick around at the end to meet Alex, our great plains rat snake ambassador here at Wonders of Wildlife. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSTdDeyBKng&t=421s Ecosystem Mobile Materials: o Premade ecosystem cards o Paper towel roll, hanger, dowel to hang from o String o Markers/crayons/colored pencils o Scissors o Hole puncher o Standard printer Preparation: o Print out both the “element of a swamp ecosystem” and “properties of a swamp ecosystem” cards on plain white paper. Students can also choose to get creative and make their own cards by using index cards or construction paper and drawing their own depiction of each element of a swamp ecosystem. If students choose to make their own, all their elements and properties should be the same (ex: wetland, soil, decomposition). o After each card it cut out, hole punch each out the top in the designated hole punch area. 7 | Teacher Guide – North American Swamps Instruction: o Students will be using a hanger to create & assemble their own swamp ecosystem.
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