Darcus Howe: a Political Biography

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Darcus Howe: a Political Biography Bunce, Robin, and Paul Field. "Authors' Preface." Darcus Howe: A Political Biography. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. viii–x. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 29 Sep. 2021. <>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 29 September 2021, 20:11 UTC. Copyright © Robin Bunce and Paul Field 2014. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. Authors ’ Preface Writing this book has involved many wonderful experiences. Hours in archives are, of course, the historian ’ s delight, and we thank the staff at the National Archives, the Institute of Race Relations, the George Padmore Institute, the British Library, the Colindale Newspaper Archive, Warwick University Library, Cambridge University Library, the Butler Library at the Columbia University and the archives of the Oilfi eld Workers Trade Union of Trinidad and Tobago, to name but a few. We have spent many hours being entertained by our interviewees. Early on in the project, we had the good fortune to spend an aft ernoon with Farrukh Dhondy. ‘ I expect you want me to tell you all the scandal, ’ was his opener. We earnestly assured him that we were writing a serious political piece, adding that we couldn ’ t believe that there would be enough scandal to fi ll a single page. ‘ Th ere ’ s enough to fi ll seven volumes! ’ , he retorted. One of the stranger experiences, only obliquely related to the project, was an Equality and Diversity training session that one of us was compelled to attend in the summer of 2011. Two trainers explained the workings of the Single Equality Act aided by Post-it notes, highlighters and a hundred PowerPoint slides. Th e tenor of the event is best illustrated by the following exchange. One of the delegates, clearly concerned to get everything right, queried, ‘ I was born in New Zealand and my husband ’ s half Indian, so I ’ m never sure which box to tick for our son when I ’ m fi lling out forms. ’ One of the trainers took up the question. ‘ Your son ’, she asked, ‘ does he tan easily? ’. ‘ Yes ’, replied the bemused delegate. ‘ Th en he can tick the box that says “ Lucky. ” ’ Th is book is not written in that spirit. Of the many people who have helped and supported us in this project, the following deserve a special mention: Ian Macdonald QC, Michael Mansfi eld QC, Baroness Ross Howells, Alan Hayling, Bill Bowring, John Howe, Lenin Woolford, David Abdullah, David Waddell, Deryck Murray, Liz Davies, Sami Savonius-Wroth, Katherine Butler Schofi eld, Mike Marqusee, Paul Alcala, Raffi que Shah, Tariq Ali, Russell Proffi tt, staff at the Oilfi eld Workers Trade Union of Trinidad and Tobago, especially Nicki Johnson and Maurisa Gordon-Th omas, Selma James, Knowlton Crichlow, DDarcus.indbarcus.indb vviiiiii 110/18/20130/18/2013 66:42:32:42:32 PPMM Authors’ Preface ix Amandla Crichlow, Barbara Beese, A. Sivanandan, Linton Kwesi Johnson, Max Farrar, Linda Bellos, Margaret Busby, Clare Short, Dotun Adebayo, Sarah White, Farrukh Dhondy, Nirpal Dhaliwal, Trevor Phillips, Narinder Minhas, Marques Toliver, Barry Cox, Caroline Coon, Harry Goulbourne, Lincoln Crawford and especially Darcus Howe, who spent many hours discussing his life with us. Th ank you also to Robert Hill, Richard Small, Joe Street, Anne-Marie Angelo, Ana Laura Lopez de la Torre, Anthony Giff ord, Dr Vince Hines, Derek Humphry, James Whitfi eld, Winston Trew, Simon Woolley, Kimberly Springer, David Austin and Krishnendu Majumdar. We also thank the master and fellows of St Edmund ’ s College Cambridge and the president and fellows of Homerton College Cambridge for their support during this project. We owe a great debt to the expertise of Michael Ryan and Alix Ross at the University of Columbia ’ s Butler Library as well as Jenny Bourne at the Institute of Race Relations Archive and Sarah Garrod at the George Padmore Institute. Th ank you to Harry Carr for his editorial work, to Laura Williams, Barry Hart, Grishma Fredric and Farzad Zadeh for their comments on the manuscript and to Mark Richardson and Caroline Wintersgill at Bloomsbury. We are particularly indebted to Leila Hassan and Priyamvada Gopal. Leila ’ s vivid memory and insights into events over a 40-year period have been invaluable to us, as has her support, friendship and encouragement in writing the book. Priya Gopal took time out of her own teaching, writing and research schedule to generously read and wisely comment on the whole manuscript for which we are extremely grateful. Finally, we would like to thank our respective partners, Lucy and Maggie, and our children, India, Max and Mia. Without their love, support and patience, we could not have written this book. DDarcus.indbarcus.indb iixx 110/18/20130/18/2013 66:42:32:42:32 PPMM DDarcus.indbarcus.indb x 110/18/20130/18/2013 66:42:32:42:32 PPMM.
Recommended publications
  • Decolonising Knowledge
    DECOLONISING KNOWLEDGE Expand the Black Experience in Britain’s heritage “Drawing on his personal web site Chronicleworld.org and digital and print collection, the author challenges the nation’s information guardians to “detoxify” their knowledge portals” Thomas L Blair Commentaries on the Chronicleworld.org Users value the Thomas L Blair digital collection for its support of “below the radar” unreported communities. Here is what they have to say: Social scientists and researchers at professional associations, such as SOSIG and the UK Intute Science, Engineering and Technology, applaud the Chronicleworld.org web site’s “essays, articles and information about the black urban experience that invite interaction”. Black History Month archived Bernie Grant, Militant Parliamentarian (1944-2000) from the Chronicleworld.org Online journalists at the New York Times on the Web nominate THE CHRONICLE: www.chronicleworld.org as “A biting, well-written zine about black life in Britain” and a useful reference in the Arts, Music and Popular Culture, Technology and Knowledge Networks. Enquirers to UK Directory at ukdirectory.co.uk value the Chronicleworld.org under the headings Race Relations Organisations promoting racial equality, anti- racism and multiculturalism. Library”Govt & Society”Policies & Issues”Race Relations The 100 Great Black Britons www.100greatblackbritons.com cites “Chronicle World - Changing Black Britain as a major resource Magazine addressing the concerns of Black Britons includes a newsgroup and articles on topical events as well as careers, business and the arts. www.chronicleworld.org” Editors at the British TV Channel 4 - Black and Asian History Map call the www.chronicleworld.org “a comprehensive site full of information on the black British presence plus news, current affairs and a rich archive of material”.
    [Show full text]
  • "Fight to the Finish." Darcus Howe: a Political Biography. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014
    Bunce, Robin, and Paul Field. "Fight to the Finish." Darcus Howe: A Political Biography. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. 253–266. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 23 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472544407.ch-019>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 23 September 2021, 14:43 UTC. Copyright © Robin Bunce and Paul Field 2014. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 1 9 Fight to the Finish On Monday 27 September 2010, more than a thousand people gathered to pay their last respects to Frank Crichlow. Th e funeral, the culmination of a week of mourning, took place at St Mary ’ s of the Angle on Morehouse Road. Th e congregation and many more, who could not fi t into the packed church, processed through Notting Hill to the West London Crematorium. Th e size and diversity of the crowd was a testament to the breadth of respect that Crichlow commanded. Th e mourners included the biggest names from Britain ’ s Black Power Movement including Howe, Althea Jones-Lecointe and her husband Eddie who had fl own in from Trinidad for the occasion, as well as Rhodan Gordon. Th ere were also more mainstream black activists and politicians such as Lee Jasper and Paul Boateng; the fi lm maker Horace Ové and hundreds of ordinary people, not political in any obvious sense, whose lives Crichlow had touched. Boateng gave the eulogy, recalling Crichlow ’ s activism, his smile, and his ‘ grace under pressure, and boy was there pressure ’ (Boateng 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • Saurashtra University Library Service
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Etheses - A Saurashtra University Library Service Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93) Kinger, Anil H., 2008, “The Minorities and their Voices: A Critical Study of the Contemporary Indian English Writing with rererence to the Novels of Salman Rushdie, Rohinton Mistry, I. Allan Sealy and Esther David”, thesis PhD, Saurashtra University http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu/id/834 Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Saurashtra University Theses Service http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu [email protected] © The Author THE MINORITIES AND THEIR VOICES: A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE CONTEMPORARY INDIAN ENGLISH WRITING WITH REFERENCE TO THE NOVELS OF SALMAN RUSHDIE, ROHINTON MISTRY, I. ALLAN SEALY AND ESTHER DAVID DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SUBMITTED BY: ANIL HARILAL KINGER LECTURER & HEAD SHRI P. D. MALAVIYA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE, RAJKOT SUPERVISED BY: DR. KAMAL H. MEHTA PROFESSOR & HEAD DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH & COMPARATIVE LITERARY STUDIES, SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT.
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Determination Activist and Writer Darcus Howe
    In Memoriam: Self-Determination Activist and Writer Darcus Howe The broadcaster and writer Darcus Howe, who has died aged 74, once described himself as having come from Trinidad on a “civilizing mission”, to teach Britons to live in a harmonious and diverse society. His aims were radical, and he brought them into the mainstream by articulating fundamental principles in a strikingly outspoken way. After his initial experience of racial tension in Britain at the start of the 1960s, Howe became active in the Black Power movement in the US and the Caribbean. In August 1970, having returned to London, he organized, with Althea Jones-Lecointe and the British Black Panthers, a campaign in defense of the Mangrove restaurant. Established and run by Frank Crichlow, the Mangrove was a small piece of decolonized territory in Notting Hill, west London. When police attempted to close it, Howe came to his friend’s aid, organizing a march. Entirely peaceful until the police intervened in overwhelming numbers, it led to a spontaneous melee, the melee to arrests, and the arrests to the biggest Black Power trial in British history. 2 Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol.10, no.3, May 2017 For 55 days Howe and Jones-Lecointe led the defense of the Mangrove nine – themselves, Crichlow and six others – from the dock of the Old Bailey. Howe demanded an all-Black jury, a claim he rooted in the Magna Carta. The judge rejected this, but the nine had stamped their authority on the case. Howe subjected the prosecution to forensic scrutiny.
    [Show full text]
  • Mangrove & BLM Protests Presentation Slides by Ife Thompson, Co-Founder of Black Protest Legal Support
    01 Mangrove 9- BLM 2020- Black Resistance By Ife Thompson-Writer, UN Fellow, Lawyer & BLAM/BPLSFounder @Blamcharity @blkprotestlegal www.blamuk.org Quote “Black revolutionaries do not drop from the moon. We are created by our conditions. Shaped by our oppression. We are being manufactured in the droves in the ghetto streets”- Assata Shakur Mangrove Restaurant Invasion of the Mangrove restaurant piece by Race Today notes : During the Steel Band competition in run up to carnival, the police invaded and attacked the restaurant. The people in the restaurant were attacked by police batons and the building's windows and doors broken. This invasion led to no arrests, it had no purpose, just an excuse to attack, harass and demoralise the community. Frank Critchlow makes it clear that this targeting was because 'the presence of groups of Black people on the streets was not a palatable sight for Notting Hill police. In the first year the police raided my restaurant six times and six times they found nothing'. One officer in particular, PC Frank Pulley, ensured that the Mangrove was constantly targeted through police raids. The restaurant was raided 12 times between January 1969 and July 1970. Mangrove was also a site of cultural resistance August 1970 the Mangrove Demo Before the Brixton Uprisings Young Blacks combined under the Black power Banner to combact Police Violence and corruption inside the Black Community - Darcus Howe Conditions of Black Community in 1970s and 80s: Police Brutality, Racism in schools, White racist attacks and rise of National Front 1975 Forming of Black Parents Movement following the arrest and assault of Black School boy Cliff Mcdaniel at hands of Haringey police ( Protest outside Horsey Station and a defence fund, Black Lawyers provided pro-bono support ) In the 1970s the Radical Lawyers, Black or white who would challenge police evidence did not exist then.
    [Show full text]
  • East End Immigrants and the Battle for Housing Sarah Glynn 2004
    East End Immigrants and the Battle for Housing Sarah Glynn 2004 East End Immigrants and the Battle for Housing: a comparative study of political mobilisation in the Jewish and Bengali communities The final version of this paper was published in the Journal of Historical Geography 31 pp 528­ 545 (2005) Abstract Twice in the recent history of the East End of London, the fight for decent housing has become part of a bigger political battle. These two very different struggles are representative of two important periods in radical politics – the class politics, tempered by popular­frontism that operated in the 1930s, and the new social movement politics of the seventies. In the rent strikes of the 1930s the ultimate goal was Communism. Although the local Party was disproportionately Jewish, Communist theory required an outward looking orientation that embraced the whole of the working class. In the squatting movement of the 1970s political organisers attempted to steer the Bengalis onto the path of Black Radicalism, championing separate organisation and turning the community inwards. An examination of the implementation and consequences of these different movements can help us to understand the possibilities and problems for the transformation of grass­roots activism into a broader political force, and the processes of political mobilisation of ethnic minority groups. Key Words Tower Hamlets, political mobilisation, oral history, Bengalis, Jews, housing In London’s East End, housing crises are endemic. The fight for adequate and decent housing is fundamental, but for most of those taking part its goals do not extend beyond the satisfaction of housing needs.
    [Show full text]
  • This Issue Is Dedicated to the Memory of John La Rose, Founder of New Beacon Books
    EnterText 6.3 Dedication and Introduction This issue is dedicated to the memory of John La Rose, founder of New Beacon Books, London. He lived to see the fortieth anniversary, in 2006, of the publishing house—or maisonette, as he sometimes called it, wryly—bookshop and cultural centre he had established. Having come to London from Trinidad in the early 1960s, he always had the intention to start a bookshop in the British capital because he understood how important ideas are if we are to act on our dreams of changing the world. And it was this phrase, so often on his lips, which Horace Ove chose as the title for his feature film about John La Rose’s life, Dream to Change the World (2005). In the intervening decades since its foundation, New Beacon’s impact on the cultural map of Britain, the Caribbean and the wider world has acquired real significance, not least as a bright beacon of what a few individuals can achieve with intelligence, passion and dedication (not money, which nowadays tends to be seen as the only prerequisite). New Beacon was named after the Beacon political movement of 1930s Trinidad, which was associated with the slogan “Agitate! Educate! Federate!” While these words have a particular resonance in Trinidad, of course, they also echo round the wider Anglophone Caribbean, where the West Indies Federation, which had promised a realisation of the dreams of John’s generation, lasted so few years, from 1958 to 1962. And they remain resonant on the global stage, reminding us, as they do, of the need to Paula Burnett: Dedication and Introduction 3 EnterText 6.3 rouse ordinary people’s awareness and feelings, to deepen dialogue and understanding, and to co-operate with one another if our puny individualities are to be able to exert real influence.
    [Show full text]
  • Production Notes
    PRODUCTION NOTES A Note from the Director The seed of Small Axe was sown 11 years ago, soon after my first film, Hunger. Initially, I had conceived of it as a TV series, but as it developed, I realized these stories had to stand alone as original films yet at the same time be part of a collective. After all, Small Axe refers to an African proverb that means together we are strong. The anthology, anchored in the West Indian experience in London, is a celebration of all that that community has succeeded in achieving against the odds. To me, it is a love letter to Black resilience, triumph, hope, music, joy and love as well as to friendship and family. Oh, and let’s not forget about food too! I recall each of these stories being told to me either by my parents, my aunt, and by experiencing racial discrimination myself growing up in the 70s and 80s. These are all our stories. I feel personally touched by each and every one of them. My five senses were awoken writing with Courttia Newland and Alastair Siddons. Images, smells, textures and old customs came flooding back. All five films take place between the late 60s and mid 80s. They are just as much a comment on the present moment as they were then. Although they are about the past, they are very much concerned with the present. A commentary on where we were, where we are and where we want to go. When the Cannes Film Festival selected Mangrove and Lovers Rock earlier this year, I dedicated both to George Floyd and all the other Black people that have been murdered, seen or unseen, because of who they are in the US, UK and elsewhere.
    [Show full text]
  • Darcus Howe: a Political Biography
    Bunce, Robin, and Paul Field. "‘Dabbling with Revolution’: Black Power Comes to Britain." Darcus Howe: A Political Biography. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. 27–42. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 1 Oct. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472544407.ch-002>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 1 October 2021, 10:59 UTC. Copyright © Robin Bunce and Paul Field 2014. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 2 ‘ Dabbling with Revolution ’ : Black Power Comes to Britain Th e Dialectics of Liberation conference of July 1967 brought the 1960s ’ counterculture to the heart of London. Th e 2-week conference, convened by R. D. Laing and leading fi gures in the anti-psychiatry movement, featured contributions from Beat Generation writers William Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg; Emmett Grogan, founder of the San Francisco anarchist movement Th e Diggers; and the Frankfurt School neo-Marxist, Herbert Marcuse (Cooper 1968: 9). Th e conference practised the countercultural values that it preached, spontaneously transforming the Roundhouse and Camden ’ s pubs and bars into informal collegiums, the founding event of the anti-university of London (Ibid., 11). Black Power, a movement that had emerged at the cutting edge of the American Civil Rights struggle the year before, had several representatives at the conference. Th e headline black radical and the most controversial speaker by far was Howe ’ s fellow Trinidadian and childhood friend, Stokely Carmichael, now the harbinger of the Black Power revolution. Th e British press responded to his visit by branding him ‘ an evil campaigner of hate ’ and ‘ the most eff ective preacher of racial hatred at large today ’ (Humphry and Tindall 1977: 63).
    [Show full text]
  • Decolonising the University
    Decolonising the University Decolonising the University Edited by Gurminder K. Bhambra, Dalia Gebrial and Kerem Nişancıoğlu First published 2018 by Pluto Press 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA www.plutobooks.com Copyright © Gurminder K. Bhambra, Dalia Gebrial and Kerem Nişancıoğlu 2018 The right of the individual contributors to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7453 3821 7 Hardback ISBN 978 0 7453 3820 0 Paperback ISBN 978 1 7868 0315 3 PDF eBook ISBN 978 1 7868 0317 7 Kindle eBook ISBN 978 1 7868 0316 0 EPUB eBook This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental standards of the country of origin. Typeset by Stanford DTP Services, Northampton, England Simultaneously printed in the United Kingdom and United States of America Bhambra.indd 4 29/08/2018 17:13 Contents 1 Introduction: Decolonising the University? 1 Gurminder K. Bhambra, Dalia Gebrial and Kerem Nişancıoğlu PART I CONTEXTS: HISTORICAL AND DISCPLINARY 2 Rhodes Must Fall: Oxford and Movements for Change 19 Dalia Gebrial 3 Race and the Neoliberal University: Lessons from the Public University 37 John Holmwood 4 Black/Academia 53 Robbie Shilliam 5 Decolonising Philosophy 64 Nelson Maldonado-Torres, Rafael Vizcaíno, Jasmine Wallace and Jeong Eun Annabel We PART II INSTITUTIONAL INITIATIVES 6 Asylum University: Re-situating Knowledge-exchange along Cross-border Positionalities 93 Kolar Aparna and Olivier Kramsch 7 Diversity or Decolonisation? Researching Diversity at the University of Amsterdam 108 Rosalba Icaza and Rolando Vázquez 8 The Challenge for Black Studies in the Neoliberal University 129 Kehinde Andrews 9 Open Initiatives for Decolonising the Curriculum 145 Pat Lockley vi .
    [Show full text]
  • Black Community Self-Narration, and Black Power for Children in the US and UK
    Research on Diversity in Youth Literature Volume 3 Issue 1 Minstrelsy and Racist Appropriation Article 7 (3.1) and General Issue (3.2) April 2021 Power Primers: Black Community Self-Narration, and Black Power for Children in the US and UK Karen Sands-O'Connor Newcastle University Follow this and additional works at: https://sophia.stkate.edu/rdyl Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons, and the Literature in English, North America, Ethnic and Cultural Minority Commons Recommended Citation Sands-O'Connor, Karen (2021) "Power Primers: Black Community Self-Narration, and Black Power for Children in the US and UK," Research on Diversity in Youth Literature: Vol. 3 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://sophia.stkate.edu/rdyl/vol3/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by SOPHIA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research on Diversity in Youth Literature by an authorized editor of SOPHIA. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sands-O'Connor: Power Primers: Black Community Self-Narration, and Black Power fo “We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowledge of the self. If you do not have knowledge of yourself and your position in the society and in the world, then you will have little chance to know anything else” (Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, point 5). In 1966, Huey Newton and Bobby Seale created a ten-point program for their nascent Black Panther Party organization based in Oakland, California.
    [Show full text]
  • James Kelman's Interview with John La Rose
    The full interview with John La Rose1 More than twenty five years ago I was asked to interview John La Rose for the arts and culture journal Variant 19. Malcolm Dickson was then editor. The interview took place in John’s house in Finsbury Park. Malcolm organized the recording apparatus and also jumped about taking photographs. I had known John for a few years by then and had been in his company quite often; my only plan, therefore, was to start talking. He was a very strong and experienced orator, and with a tremendous breadth of knowledge. He was used to the toughest forms of meetings, those that began in confrontation and moved towards negotiation. I knew he would go where he thought necessary and return near enough to the starting point: my job was to resist interfering. The general population are unaware of the depth and complexity of the struggle of black people and other minorities in the United Kingdom. This transcription of a talk by John La Rose allows an insight into that and of the richness of the Caribbean side of its social and intellectual tradition. Insight here is gained into the inseparable nature of the culture and the political. There is also the matter of John's own centrality to some of the more crucial political interventions in his time. It should be a matter of concern how easily such a figure can be airbrushed from the political and cultural history of the UK, and the fundamental role played by John La Rose, his peers and contemporaries.
    [Show full text]