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The Shrimp (Palaemon Serratus P.) Fishery: Analysis of the Resource in 2003-2007 Eoghan Kelly, Oliver Tully, Bridget Lehane, Seamus Breathnach

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The Shrimp (Palaemon Serratus P.) Fishery: Analysis of the Resource in 2003-2007 Eoghan Kelly, Oliver Tully, Bridget Lehane, Seamus Breathnach The Shrimp (Palaemon serratus P.) Fishery: Analysis of the Resource in 2003-2007 Eoghan Kelly, Oliver Tully, Bridget Lehane, Seamus Breathnach Fisheries Development Division, Bord Iascaigh Mhara, P.O. Box 12, Crofton Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, Ireland. Tel: +353 1 2144 230 Fax: +353 1 2300 564 Web: www.bim.ie Email: [email protected] © BIM 2008 Fisheries Resource Series Vol. 8 (2008) ISSN 1649-5357 Fisheries Resource Series Foreword Since its inception, Bord Iascaigh Mhara (BIM) has regularly reported on the work it undertakes as the agency responsible for the sustainable development of the Irish seafood industry at sea and ashore. The Resource Records Series, which ran for many years, is a notable example of this and admirably fulfilled the Board’s remit to print and circulate bulletins, periodicals, pamphlets, and other literature, as the Board deemed advisable, in the interests of the sea-fishing industry. Building on this tradition, whilst also recognising the challenges and opportunities that face the sea-fishing industry today, the Fisheries Resource Series, produced by the Fisheries Development Division of BIM, is intended as a professional, broadly based, peer reviewed publication. The content of the Fisheries Resource Series reflects a synergy of resources and expertise between BIM and the Irish fishing industry, national academic institutions, international partners, other state and semi- state agencies and provides a vehicle for the dissemination of the results of the Board’s innovative, technical and applied research and development activities. Technical and scientific contributions to the Fisheries Resource Series are invited, from internal and external sources, which primarily promote the sustainable development of the Irish sea fisheries sector and, in addition, support its diversification in the coastal regions so as to enhance the contribution of the sector to employment, income and welfare both regionally and nationally. Note: The views expressed herein reflect those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of Bord Iascaigh Mhara. Ownership of content and associated intellectual property rights remain those of the publisher (BIM). Michael Keatinge Fisheries Development Manager, Bord Iascaigh Mhara, P.O. Box, 12, Crofton Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, Ireland The Shrimp (Palaemon serratus P.) Fishery: Analysis of the Resource in 2003-2007 Eoghan Kelly1, Oliver Tully2*, Bridget Lehane2, Seamus Breathnach2 1. Martin Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Tel 091 750386, E-mail [email protected] 2. Inshore Fisheries Section, BIM, New Docks Road, Galway, Tel 091 539362, E-mail [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] * Current address: Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway For citation purposes, this publication should be referred to as follows: Eoghan Kelly, Oliver Tully, Bridget Lehane, Seamus Breathnach, 2008. The Shrimp (Palaemon serratus P.) Fishery: Analysis of the resource in 2003-2007. Fisheries Resource Series, Vol. 8 (2008), 48pp ISSN 1649-5357 ISBN 1-903412-35-8 ISBN 978-1-903412-35-0 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications, for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to: The Fisheries Development Manager, Fisheries Development Division, Bord Iascaigh Mhara, P.O. Box 12, Crofton Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin. Tel: +353 1 2144100 Fax: +353 1 2300564 © BIM 2008 Review process This document was reviewed and approved by the Preface committee listed below. The Management Framework for Shellfisheries was Review Committee: Michael Keatinge (BIM), Ian Lawler established in 2005 to oversee the sustainable development (BIM), Oliver Tully (BIM), Bridget Lehane and Seamus and management of the shellfisheries sector in Ireland. The Breathnach (BIM) Framework is a co-operative management model between Review date: June 12th 2008 state and industry centred around four Species Advisory Groups (SAGs). This report has been compiled for the External Reviewer: Dr. Mike Bell, Velzian, Rendall, Shrimp Species Advisory Group and its constituent Local Orkney, KW17 2EZ, UK. Tel. +44 (0)1856 761674. Advisory Committees (LACs) and outlines the current status E-mail [email protected] of shrimp stocks and fisheries in Ireland at the end of the 2007 fishing season. The report is a working document, Review date: August 5th 2008 which will be developed periodically as the appropriate data and assessment methods become available. Acknowledgements This work was funded by the Irish Government and part-financed by the European Union under the National Development Plan 2000-2006 through the supporting measures for Sea Fisheries project number 05.SM.T1.04 and by BIM. The authors wish to thank all the many Irish shrimp fishermen who provided samples and data for this report. Table of Contents Summary 3 Introduction 4 The Biology of Shrimp 5 1. Commercial distribution 5 2. Biology 5 Shrimp Fishing in Ireland 6 Current Management Measures 8 Previous Research and Monitoring Activity 9 Data Sources 10 1. Landings 10 2. Fishing Activity Records 10 3. Biological sampling program 11 4. Derivation of age structure 12 Modelling growth rate 14 Assessment Methods 15 1. General linear modelling of catch rate data 15 2. Depletion methods 15 3. Yield and egg per recruit analysis 16 4. Reference points and performance indicators 18 5. Size selective harvesting 18 The South West Fishery 21 1. Landings 21 2. Analysis of CPUE data 21 Cork Harbour 2005-2006 21 South West 2006-2007 22 South West 2007-2008 23 3. Inter annual trends in CPUE data 25 4. Age structure of the stock 26 5. Sex structure of the stock 27 6. Modelling the depletion in catch rate 28 Cork Harbour 2005-2006 28 South west 2006-2007 29 7. Estimation of growth parameters 31 8. Size selective harvesting 33 9. Yield per recruit assessment (YPR) 34 10. Economic yield per recruit (€PR) 35 11. Egg per recruit assessment (EPR) 37 1 Table of Contents The Western Fishery 38 1. Landings 38 2. Analysis of CPUE data 38 3. Age structure of the stock 38 4. Sex structure of the stock 39 5. Estimation of growth parameters 39 6. Size selective harvesting 40 The North West Fishery 41 1. Landings 41 2. Analysis of CPUE data 41 The South East Fishery 42 1. Landings 42 A Regional Comparison of Shrimp Fisheries 43 1. Landings and effort 43 2. Catch rates 43 3. Age structure 43 4. Growth rates 44 Research and Monitoring Priorities 45 References 46 2 Summary The trap fishery for Palaemon serratus in Ireland dates Monitoring and research priorities are highlighted. Research back to the early 1970s. Annual landings between 1990 to identify stock structure should be undertaken. The and 2006 varied from 150 to 550 tonnes. At a value of effects of environmental temperature and salinity on €15 per kg the total annual value of the fishery varies recruitment should be modelled and related to fishery from €2.25 to €8.25 million. Approximately 300 vessels performance. A complete census of catch and effort and take part in the fishery operating approximately 117,000 improved standardisation of the catch rate index would traps. The fishery is regulated by a closed season between provide an invaluable fisheries monitoring and assessment May 1st and August 1st. Despite the economic and social tool and allow exploitation rates to be estimated using importance of this fishery, the stocks have not routinely depletion analysis. been assessed and methods for their assessment are poorly developed. The stock is exposed to a number of risks which management should seek to address. These include lack Although stock structure is unknown it is likely to be local of information on stock structure, no input or output (i.e. bay) or regional in scale. Data are reported here for controls, anecdotally, increased fishing mortality on over- 4 coastal regions in Ireland. Daily catch and effort and wintering mature female shrimp and poor capacity to associated data were provided by a sample of vessels in adjust harvest rates when environmental conditions for the fleet. A separate age length sampling programme was recruitment are poor. undertaken, also with the assistance of the fleet. Catch rate varies annually and within season. In one location, where a time series was available, nominal catch rate data varied 2 fold over an 8 year period. Nominal catch rates were generally low at the beginning of the season and increased between August and November. Recruitment of the 0+ cohort to the fishery occurred in October. The catch was dominated by female shrimp aged 1+ with varying contributions of the 0+ and 2+ cohorts depending on the time of year. There was no evidence of any geographic variation in growth rate. Catch and effort data from the fishery were standardised by general linear modelling. This analysis revealed high variation in catch rate between vessels and within and between fishing seasons. A depletion estimate of the 1+ female cohort was derived from the commercial catch rate data to estimate fishing mortality and exploitation rates. Fishing mortality estimates were compared to yield and egg per recruit reference points. Estimated mortality rates varied from 50-60% per annum and in general did not breach egg or yield per recruit reference points. Significant improvements in yield and egg per recruit accrued from size selective harvesting by grading the catch. Post grading discard mortality was estimated to be less than 6%. Gains in economic yield per recruit were proportionally higher than gains in yield in weight, for any given size selective harvest strategy, because price is size related. Predicted gains in yield, egg and earnings per recruit are sensitive to values of natural mortality used in the assessments.
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