MARCH 1980 "ENNSYLVANIA He the Keystone State's I Official FISHING BOATING

• •• 40$ Ji n.gler_ r Single Copy; Coal Problems —

In Pennsylvania much has changed over the last 25 years. The original Clean Streams Legislation, one of the models used when national legislation was being prepared in the 60s, has been strengthened. Federal funds helped to clean up point source problems and effective treatment plants have made possible repeated miracles, as what appeared to be incurably fouled streams were brought back to life. Along with the streams, the towns and cities on the banks of these streams were themselves revived and given new life. Pennsylvania has an estimated 45,000 miles of streams, the highest in the nation. Extrapolating on our last survey and coordinating this with DER's information, by 1983 we will expect that only 8,557 stream miles will be degraded for most recreational use because of mining activity. Because one source on one small stream can pollute many miles of a major receiving water, there are great opportunities to reduce that polluted mileage within a reasonable time. In view of this, it is not unusual that we, whose mission requires stewardship of the quality of our water resources, are somewhat skeptical about the claims of the mining industry when they assure us that they have been reborn and that their current activities will not further damage the water quality. Comparison of a map of areas mined in Pennsylvania in the past with that of streams degraded for fishing shows an almost exact fit. Preservation of the quality of the water to maintain viable fisheries is a more difficult task today than ever. This is the case because of the only recently discovered phenomenon called "acid precipitation." As we reported previously, the Commission review of 19 randomly assorted high quality mountain watersheds revealed that the average alkalinity dropped from 14l5 ppm to 7.6 ppm in the 13 years of the survey. This rate of decline is alarming, and with the slightest bit of extra acidity, such as a small release of acidic water from mining activity, the typical stream included in our reviews could suffer a total loss of trout fisheries. Our comments related to areas unsuitable for mining at the Governor's Coal Conference included the following lands which we believe should be designated as unsuitable for mining under Section 522 of the Federal Act: 1. All watersheds containing Exceptional Value Streams, including wilderness trout streams. 2. Watersheds which support outstanding wild trout populations. 3. All other high quality and coldwater fishery watersheds with an alkalinity of less than 20 ppm. The greatest impact on our streams is sediment from soil erosion — the bulk of this from haul roads. Much of the topography in trout country is so steep that it is almost impossible to mine — using even today's sophisticated methods without endangering our streams. And what is good for fish, is good for people. Ralph W. Abele Executive Director Pennsylvania Angler

Pennsylvania's Official Fishing & Boating Magazine

Published Monthly by the PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION, COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA Richard L. Thornburgh, Governor

MEMBERS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION

John A. Hugya, President Johnstown Leonard A. Green, Vice President Carlisle Walter F. Gibbs Reno Calvin J. Kern Whitehall Sam Guaglianone Johnsonburg Jerome E. Southerton Honesdale William O. Hill Erie James J. Stumpf Laughlintown

MEMBERS OF THE BOATING ADVISORY BOARD Nicholas Apfl, Chairman Fairless Hills Clayton Buchanan Pittsburgh Sherwood Krum Hawley Charles Chattaway Monongahela Leon Lyon Bellefonte

Volume 49 - No. 3 CONTENTS March, 1980

Pennsylvania's Limestone Streams by Gerald Almy 8 Hooks & Horns CO-OP Nursery by Bill Porter 16 New Collectibles — Old Magazines by Don Shiner 18 Pioneering in Catch & Release by Dave Johnson 19 "Mac," the Mudpuppy by Carsten Ahrens 22 Snapper Soup by Jean I. McMillan 24 A Fish is a Fish by Leo A. Bressler 26

ON OUR COVERS Students of the Blue Mountain Middle School were treated to an electrofishing demonstration conducted by Fish Commission personnel on Bear Creek. The results of these demonstrations can come as a "shock" to many. Quite often a good fish population can be found in streams thought to be "fished out."

Our back cover this month is a departure from the Angler's usual "don't you wish you were here" theme. It's a sad state of affairs when man's thoughtlessness results in such tragedy. The monofilament user's "bird's nest" is actually a bird trap. (For more, see "Outdoor Menace," page 31).

Cover photos by Dennis Scharadin

MONTHLY COLUMNS LEAKY BOOTS 2 FLY TYING 28 WATERSIDE WANDERINGS 4 STREAM NOTES 30 MEALS FROM THE CREEL 6 ANGLER'S NOTEBOOK 32 James F. Yoder, Editor b^T""""—~—_____^ _^ The p*AST ER: All 3579 forms to be returned to the office of the Pennsylvania Fish Commission, P.O. Box 1673, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 17120. nns Harris? ylvania Angler, (ISSN 0031-434X), Copyright 1980, is published monthly by the Pennsylvania Fish Commission, 3532 Walnut Street, %( DUrg, Pennsylvania. Second Class postage paid at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and at additional mailing offices. Subscription rates: Not ^ar7-$4.00; Three years—$10.00; 40 cents per single copy. Send check or money order payable to the Pennsylvania Fish Commission. Do r n< ecejvej * Cash. Changes of address should reach us promptly giving both old and new addresses, including both zip codes. Subscriptions rtsPon v"1' processed by the end of the month will begin with the second month following. The Pennsylvania Fish Commission will not assume P*8tai y ^or unsolicited manuscripts, photographs, or illustrations while in their possession or in transit. Communications pertaining to the *J«snijlne should be addressed to: The Editor, Pennsylvania Angler, Pennsylvania Fish Commission, P.O. Box 1673, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. C|ted materials, manuscripts, or photos will not be returned unless accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope for their return. handled. The Vibert box (a screened box One must consider the factor that is aire*"- containing trout eggs, planted in a selected limiting the trout population. For exaflip1' part of the streambed, allowing the trout if the stream can support eggs and •'• fry to develop, protected inside the box) through the fall and winter but cam1'1 should be considered under certain condi­ support fingerlings or adults through " tions where stocking and natural reproduc­ spring and summer due to high #*'' tion are not feasible, upon completion of temperatures, then an egg planting progr*' the study. I know the Commission's feel­ is of little value. ings in the past have been less than favor­ The Fish Commission will certainly t° able toward the box, but as I see it the overlook the possibility that Whitlo'"' possibility exists to have fishing in streams Vibert boxes have a use in a very that are marginal or that have none. instances, but we do not regard "WHAT IT'S ALL ABOUT" Where stocking a questionable stream, due approach as generally useful for pr°v'sl\, to excessive PH levels, siltation, water of a "wild" trout fishery. We have no pl^ Ralph W. Abele, Executive Director quality, and temperature levels are too to develop any program for using "* Pennsylvania Fish Commission high, the Vibert box could give the answer device. of fish survival at a minimum cost. Over the years a number of groups ' Dear Mr. Abele: It has been successful in other parts of Pennsylvania, mostly Trout Unlim'1'. Thank you very much for your letter in tfl the country. I know our streams are not the chapters, have attempted programs ( support of my opposition to S. 1403, the Madison or Yellowstone but the box could Vibert boxes. We are not aware of any fl| proposed amendments to the Surface fill a void here. I do not feel that it could had noticeable results — most have re* Mining Control and Reclamation Act of ever replace stocking, and streams having ized you can't fool Mother Nature. 1977. ,|, natural reproduction are better left alone, The future of wild trout in PennsyK» (j You might be interested to know that we but it could be a supplement to both meth­ liees in maintaining good habitat "", recently were able to turn back an effort to ods if used as I described. The bottom line managing for wild trout. Full recognition " promote this ill-conceived piece of legisla­ is "nothing ventured, nothing gained." It the value and importance of Pennsylvania tion in the House Interior and Insular could also save money — after all, the wild trout resource should be one of 9 Affairs Committee, of which I am chair­ streams are a natural "hatchery," and the results of the ongoing stream inventory a" man. Although future battles remain, I am Fish Commission has the ability and the resource classification program. Manag^ confident that we will be able to preserve resources. It's worth a try to experiment. ment by resource classification will be , the integrity of a law for which we all more beneficial to our wild trout than »*' fought so hard. JOE BRENNAN, SR. attempt to add more trout by making * You also might be interested to know Philadelphia artificial addition of eggs. that you are not alone. Hundreds of civic Your concern for, and interest in ?e^ organizations, state and local officials and Dear Mr. Brennan: sylvania's wild trout fishery is appreciate"1- private citizens from all over this country Your recent letter concerning Whitlock- also have written in opposition to the Vibert boxes has been referred to me for Sincerely, attack on the strip mine law. I urge you to response. Richard A. Snyder keep your local representatives fully I have read Dave Whitlock's article in Coldwater Unit U*ie informed of your views. the February 1978 issue of Outdoor Life Finally, I would like to express my admi­ and have read other similar items by Mr. ration for your interest in this matter. Whitlock concerning the use of Whitlock- There is a lot of talk these days about Vibert boxes. In Memoriam "malaise." Some say that Americans do Fisheries scientists have long been aware not care about their country any more. But of the availability of Vibert boxes, but their when I read letters from citizens such as use is limited to experimental work and yourself who have taken their very scarce biological studies. Occasionally a club or time to get actively involved in issues such private citizen will use Vibert boxes to as strip mine reclamation and then to do make a small, relatively cheap stocking or whatever they can to involve themselves, I introduction of a new trout species to a am skeptical. Our proud achievements of given stream. The use for experimental the past years could never have been real­ work and biological studies is a good and ized without the dedicated work of people appropriate use of the Vibert system and such as yourself. This is what American there may even be some benefit from stock­ citizenship is all about. ing, in specific instances, through the use of Thank you. Vibert boxes. In general, however, the William D. Cox, Jr. 1912-1979 Vibert system is not appropriate for Sincerely, managing a catchable trout fishery. MORRIS L. UDALL, Chairman The Pennsylvania Fish Commission There are several problems that one must Committee On Interior and Insular notes with sadness the Affairs address before contemplating the use of U.S. House of Representatives Whitlock-Vibert boxes in a given stream. passing of one of its members. Washington, D.C. 20515 Successful use of the boxes requires that there be a current in the boxes and that no A past president of the Commis­ light is entering the boxes. It has also been sion, William D. Cox, Jr. died on SURVEY— SOUND IDEA observed that Saprolegnia (fungus) can cause high mortalities of eggs placed in November 6, 1979. He had served I think the Fish Commission's inventory Vibert boxes in limestone waters. Most on the board for the past eight survey method is a sound idea. It will give a important, however, is the chemical, physi­ years. better picture of how our streams should be cal and biological quality of the stream.

PENNSYLVANIA A N G L E h °°UBLE PLEASURE — "DESERVES CLARIFICATION" You cover the state very well from Erie to Perkiomen Creek to Dalmatia, Pa., Winter in Pennsylvania gives us the The article "Waterside Wanderings" by where I was brought up. Thanks for the p c Portunity to enjoy a favorite pastime — Linda Steiner appearing in the December stories on panfishing and carp, and on the °ss-country skiing. Because of the issue of the Angler presented an interesting muskies and walleyes. Also, I hope to see ended season from January 1 to Febru- description of our streams in Pennsylvania the minimum limit for bass go from 9 •/ 28, we've been able to combine winter in the winter . . . her sensitivity to the inches to 12 inches. ut ° fishing with our treks. changed moods of streams is effectively Keep up the good work. I'm with you all n >. this photo I caught my friend Dell presented. every month. ^jnnick delicately flicking a small spin- However, she is inconsistent in a mate­ I ' 'nto Hickory Run which feeds the rial statement. In the early part of her BOB HOFFMAN, JR. Uh Philadelphia i8h Ruveri . article she comments "when water cools to about 39 degrees Fahrenheit, it expands SCOTT SMITH slightly, becoming less dense and lighter." Wilkes-Barre In the latter part of the article she comments that "cold water is physically "DOUBLE TAKE" V^ thicker, more viscous is the chemical word, I thought the following experience I had than hot. As it reaches the temperature at while fishing for smallmouth in the which it is most dense, near 39 degrees F., Susquehanna would be of interest for your it is heaviest and thickest. ..". Leaky Boots column. I hooked one of about The inconsistency destroys the effective­ 14 inches and had him about six feet from ness of the entire article and certainly the boat, when a larger bass struck the deserves clarification. plug. ELMER C. CATES They were both hooked for an instant Doylestown then the larger one jumped and the smaller one got loose. I proceeded to land the "My two statements do appear inconsis­ larger one, a 19-'/2-inch, four-pounder. tent, and I guess in trying to spare readers a This is one fish story where the big one long chemical and molecular explanation, I didn't get away. confused them more. ... I'm neither chem­ CHARLES F. GIPPLE ist or biologist, but do have an inquiring New Cumberland mind, and my sources indicate that 39.2 degrees Fahrenheit (4 degrees Celsius) is sort of a turning point for the density of ""'SHAN,DUNG' water. That odd liquid contracts as it cools I HOT SPOT . . . WHERE? *ould like to comment on a photo- until it reaches its densest (heaviest, thick­ ^P" that appears on page 13 of the est) point, 39.2°. As it passes that point and As Usual I thoroughly enjoyed the •j., ernber 1979 issue of your magazine. continues to cool, to freezing, it expands a December issue, particularly Tom Fegely's little and becomes lighter (less dense). The h0| .Photograph shows Mr. Bob Hoenstine article on "Jig Time in December." Hoe"18. a 19 pound muskellunge. Mr. result of this is that ice floats and the very But — "we launched our boat onto a nst coldest, nearly freezing water will 'float' and 'ne has a finger in the fish's gills, Pocono Mountain Lake that we knew had TV a c°rd strung through its lower jaw. under the ice, as a layer above the cold a hefty population of perch, etc.. . ." ls water that is heaviest, 39.2°. Confusing? I tr. certainly not wise or appropriate WHY does he not give the name of the 1116 1 wonder how the scientists felt when they as j, " for a fish that is to be released, lake? ate discovered these oddities! p[,0 d in the caption accompanying the Fish the Poconos all the time and sure •j!°graph. "Hope this clears up your questions and would like to know this hot spot. Keep up e apD article with which this photograph restores some of the 'effectiveness' of my your fine work. ca ,ars mentions that Mr. Hoenstine article for you." tc WALTER J. SCHOB l nes and releases fifty or more muskel- u Gladwyne On u* per year. He is to be congratulated Sincerely, skin S ach'evemer|ts in the areas of angling Linda L. Steiner P.S. Recently I've had success in the hop' sP°rtsmanship, and conservation. I Schuylkill just above Gladwyne — bass 'S\ Wever' l^at ^e w'" £'ve ser'ous and sunfish on small lures. Much better aiw to l^e w's^om °f reducing the results than I expected. nt THANKS! qua °f trauma to which he subjects his a"d ^i Ur'ng the period between landing I want to thank you and the rest of the be j lease. What a tragic waste it would staff for this wonderful magazine and for It beats the sawdust out of us, Walter, ease oniv'. such a magnificent gamefish, doing such a great job. Your No. I in my but we'll drag it out of him someday! Seri­ S(jst . ° have it succumb later to injuries book. ously, although we would have preferred to l lneci as tne hea result of mishandling by From the minute I get the book in the have a name, we thought the point made in -angi er, mail I don't put it down till I've read the article was more important: a lot of MARY S. KUSS everything. Then later on I'll read it good fishing simply goes to waste in what Havertown several times just to refresh my memory. far too many consider an "off season," I love to fish and I don't care where I most anywhere — it isn't a localized blyjj™ so, Mary, maybe so. It would fish. I'll have just as much fun fishing a phenomenon. Voi, ^ " "ice if you would have told us how five-foot-wide, two-foot-deep stream in my Try it, you'll find that fishing of this felej>„ anc"e tne muskies you catch and own little (hot spot), or the Delaware and caliber can be duplicated most anywhere in Susquehanna Rivers. December. Ed. M AR C H 19 8 0 Waterside Wanderings I

by Linda Steiner

At's the first of March and I'm removing old fish shelters of fallen clean, pollution-free waters. fishing, still ice fishing, that is, trees and toppling new ones from Warming water, spring rains, bundled up in heavy jacket, boots and overhanging creek banks. The banks longer daylight hours, all play a part > mittens, with more than a foot of ice do not hold and the water overflows in signalling the sucker run and the between me and the water below. All into forest and field, leaving spring start of spring fishing fun for anglers around, the lake is a flat frozen pools behind. Driving along the bigger like me who can't wait for trout expanse, glistening in the same ice rivers, I see the rising torrent carrying season. But with ice-out, I also kno^ forms it did two months ago. The sun a load of jumbled ice floes, creaking that other fish are feeling the is warm and at midday I'm hatless, in against each other and screeching on procreative urge and changing their a light sweater, knowing full well this bottom rocks. habits. will be the last ice fishing trip of the Then the rains and the waters As soon as the ice breaks in lakes year. On the snow-covered island recede, and for the first time since last and streams, and the temperature of nearby, I can see the fluttering of tiny fall, I can get out along the waterside the water climbs above forty degrees, birds, chasing each other through the again and go fishing for "real," with a northern pike begin their spawning i brush, their songs providing rod and reel. A container of worms, behavior. In some areas, it is a sort o> background music to my fishing. Red- easily picked on a rainy night, a box of "run," as in the migration of Lake budded shoreline maples add color to small hooks and some weights are the Erie northerns into the inlets, bays what had been monotonous grey only other things I'll need. Pussy and marshes of Presque Isle woods, and willow catkins at the willows have popped open showing Peninsula, to find suitable spawning water's edge are ready for bursting. their grey velvet "fur," and I pet one habitat. Northerns spawn along the A week later, the rains come and on my way down the smaller creek, to shorelines, in rather shallow water, winter melts away before my eyes. fish where it's clear, high water enters over sticks, vegetation and other Driving past the lake now, I see the the muddier river below. sunken debris. Unlike more provider* fish, they construct no nest, and tak6 . shore is dark with sodden leaves and I'm fishing the sucker run and I 1 drooping trees. Only patches of rotting make my first cast of the year, letting no care of their young. The swimm' ^ female simply releases eggs which afe snow remain where the drifts were it swing in the current until the weight s deepest. Grey under matching skies, sinks and stops on the bottom, the fertilized by the cruising male(s), a the ice is little more than slush with worm still wiggling enticingly above. I they wander together over the pools of rainwater on top. Fog hangs watch for the slack line to tighten and spawning ground. The eggs fall close on the tops of hemlocks when I relay the message of "fish on" to me, randomly to the bottom and develop stop to watch some geese that have while I put my hands in my pockets under the indifferent eye of Mother • landed in the open water where a against the cold air. Nature. In the aquatic world, not stream enters the lake. I remember With the ice gone and spring at many fierce predators, like the pike, another March day when I hand, white suckers have begun are needed at the top of the food photographed a flock of whistling moving up small streams or into creek chain, so these fish need not be swans that came north too early, most mouths, to spawn in the riffles. I've tremendously successful spawners. of the birds standing awkwardly on seen the plump-bodied fish try to The other pikes spawn in early u the ice, while a few floated on the jump waterfalls and attempt to swim spring as well, and take about as m" small circle of open water. over dams, heaving themselves into care in choosing their spawning are3 The rains continue and the creeks the current and leaping as well as any or caring for their young. For chain rise in midmonth. With the ground trout. Sometimes I catch an odd one, a pickerel and the great muskellunge.3 still frozen or saturated, melting snow sucker by its pouting mouth, but with well as the lesser known redfin and and rainwater rush into the creekbeds, forked tail and fins of red-orange. grass pickerels, laying eggs now wil' washing the last of winter toward the This is, aptly, the redfin sucker, or insure hatching in time for the young sea. The roiled waters bear away last northern redhorse, and I like to see pike to take advantage of the teemi^ year's debris of sunken leaves, them because I know they inhabit water-life that will be present later i"

4 P E N N YLVANIA ANGLE he spring. They will grow quickly on •be myriad sucker fry that the adults I . sh for will produce. Nature's timing ln cases like that is always superb! The small pickerel of Pennsylvania, he grass pickerel found in the "egheny and Ohio drainages and the j^fin in the Susquehanna and e'aware river systems, could be j?lstaken for little chain pickerels with "eir small size and dark, tear-drop ^rkines below their eyes, but these aye a barred pattern on their sides. ne grass pickerel startled me as it aPpeared suddenly along the shoreline as I sat daydreaming, waiting for a fcker to bite. My eyes focused on the 'Eht pattern playing on the water and n the long, motionless object holding at the surface. When I recognized the j^levolent stare of the pike-shaped ea°\ I involuntarily jumped. That ent the little pickerel streaking for "^stream, top fin cutting a wake, its otion almost too quick to follow. It's 0 Wonder the pikes have been lcknamed "snakes." Walleyes are also among the first Pflng spawners. In a large lake like .Ur Pymatuning, the slim males and : eavy-bellied females ascend a ary streams at night to spawn in he riffles. Walleyes will also spawn ver shoals in lakes and over rubble , "}d gravel in the shallows of rivers. lk t e the pike, they abandon their eggs see a blue heron and put the great bird 0 of a marshy pond, trying to get close the whims of the environment. enough to photograph some ducks. to flight. It lifts slowly from the The walleye's little cousin, the Later the leafy brush and saplings will water's edge, its long legs dangling yellow perch, will spawn at almost the and neck outstretched, then it am prevent me from getting to the water's t e time, but their activity is easier withdraws its snakelike neck into a 66 A nei edge, but now I can squeeze through. ah! ' ghbor called me last year Following the line of retreating ice tight "S" and, gaining altitude and Jj^ut some odd, jellylike masses that northward, the wildfowl are stopping speed with each flap of its long wings, e finds along her pond's edge every again on our ponds, but now their is silhouetted for one last camera shot .Pring. j knew there were many perch voices are loud and their plumage against the pink sky. The heron must the pond, so wasn't surprised to find not be finding much to eat yet along la bright in anticipation of the breeding jj tinous, spiralled masses of perch season to come. Few people take time these shorelines, as the fish, frogs and J>gs draped over the pond weeds to be at the waterside to see this salamanders that are its staples are just starting to arouse from their ijg one shoreline. second migration, unless they're r winter stupor. ^ he fact that all the egg clusters inveterate nature snoopers, like me. to re V1 one area °f the pond seemed I put to whistling flight a woodcock A day later the temperature's lnu dropped again and there are snow tr icate that perch spawn, as they that had been probing for earthworms . vel, in schools. The eggs and jelly in the soft ground near the pond. It's flurries, but by this date there's no a Ss turning back. Even underwater, life st . that encases them are small come for nesting, too. Mostly mallards W^ Wnen released by the females, are on the pond, splashing. A few that hasn't been seen since before the a ice locked it in is stirring, increasing Q. bsorb water and swell to the size wood ducks, Canadas and a lone snow its movements as the water warms. In t\v0 handfuls. Some of the eggs goose wing over, while redwing blackbirds, flashing bright epaulets, lakes, there's a turnover and mixing of of vr °Jear' with Just a tiny black ^ot 'te inside, while others had turned call from last year's dried cattails.The the waters, just as in the fall, and the l male redwings are here first and will winds of blustery March days are iiP y white, and I knew these were '"eless. have territories established by the whipping oxygen into the waves. The last of March finds me time the females arrive to begin the new activity in and along the water is adv taking anta business of nesting. far from reaching its full springtime lat ge of a situation I won't have r Because it was standing so pitch, but it's easy to see the tempo is an , -Jt's a warm, red-sky evening stepping up. * rn sneaking along the shoreline motionless in the shallows, I failed to

ARCH — 1980 eter takes a quick drop on that opening minutes or until fish flakes when MEALS morning. I've yet to find a trout fishing tested. enthusiast deterred by ice on the line An "au bleu" of comparable quality from the or cold fingers . . . he'll always be may be obtained by killing the fish afl° ready to cast at the crack of the open­ removing the entrails just before ing hour, anticipating the pure joy of immersing the fish in the boili^ CREEL hauling in his first trout of the season. liquid. The secret to obtaining the blue by Margaret Karch Zaimes A purist will be using flies to lure color is in not removing the slipped the wily trout to his hook; others will film coating the skin and keeping the swear by worms and night crawlers. fish alive until ready to cook it. Whichever bait you select, we wish We understand that in Europe you a successful opening day. where this "au bleu" cooking tech' W hen the calendar flips to the Trout caught in the cold waters of nique started, many restaurants mail1' third month of the year, I am tired of snow-fed brooks and streams are the tain freshwater holding tanks to kee.p winter and my thoughts turn to spring. sweetest tasting and are especially trout alive to provide their clientele Impatiently, I wait for the earth to good when cooked as soon as possible with this gourmet delight. warm, a first glimpse of migrating after catching. Many anglers pack a skillet and sal' birds and the unfolding of sweet A visiting angler from Denmark with their gear to prepare their catc*1 scented violets. suggests cooking the trout "au bleu" by the side of the stream. The dayj This interim period between cold by the side of the stream. To do this, catch is gutted and rolled in salt an" and not-so-cold weather is the perfect the trout must be kept alive until a then quickly pan fried in hot buttef time to store the auger and tip-ups solution of one part vinegar to two until the skin is crisp and the flesh lS used when the ice was thick and time parts water comes to a boil (make moist and flakes easily. Leaving tl^ 1 to ready the rods and reels for the enough to submerge the entire fish) heads on helps retain the natur^ coming trout season in April. and then lowering the fish, live lobster flavor and juices when preparing Yes, you and I may be tired of style, into the boiling liquid. Bring finger lickin' good small trout. winter cold but Mother Nature is no liquid back to a boil and remove pot Of course there are many anglefS I respecter of man's whims or feelings from heat source. Cover kettle and who prefer to take their catch home and, all too frequently, the thermom­ allow fish to steep for about 15 to 20 for the cook to prepare.

6 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE11 T ROUT WITH PINE NUTS baited hook into the riffles of a a sharp thin-bladed knife to filet the secluded brook make fishing an enjoy­ fish. No need to remove skin or Trout able sport for all ages. scales — the cooked flesh will separate Milk Annetta Showers, of Lebanon, Pa., from the skin when serving. Flour an ardent fisherwoman, shares her Line any baking pan large enough Salt and pepper knowledge and love of nature with the to hold the filets with heavy duty foil A cup oil for frying Rexmont 4-H Rangers. Under her and rub lightly with butter. Place filets guiding leadership, the group received Rinse trout and blot cavity and side by side, skin side down, on it. ut the 1979 Rexmont Community Pro­ ° side dry. Sprinkle with salt and Distribute small dabs of butter over e ject Award. Should we say that is a P Pper. Dip fish in milk and then roll the filets and squeeze the juice of a "fin" in her cap? Annetta and her flour, shaking off excess before whole lemon over top. Lay foil or e 4-H'ers fish for trout and bass in the & ntly lowering in hot oil. Brown one greased brown paper loosely over top lcle Rexmont Lakes near Cornwall, Pa. (takes about 5 minutes) and then of fish. Bake in preheated 375-degree rn This real outdoorswoman shares the • to other side and continue cook- oven for about 20 to 30 minutes or following recipe for Beer Batter Trout 8- After turning fish, baste fre­ until fish is almost done. with us. Remove foil or paper and place quently with pan drippings until fish a several strips of room temperature slab kes easily. Takes about 10 more 5 cups flour bacon lengthwise over fish. Continue "lutes cooking time. Remove fish to 7 oz can of beer e cooking under preheated broiler (4 or ated platter and keep warm. l/i tsp salt 5 inches below unit) until fish flakes pepper to taste T easily and bacon is crisp. °PPING 1 tsp paprika The roe from steelhead will fre­ 2 tablespoons pine nuts Mix all ingredients until of the quently tip the scales at a pound or 2 tablespoons butter consistency of pourable pancake bat­ more and be enough for another meal. ter. Add a bit more flour if needed. To prepare this, rinse the roe and drop Pour remaining oil from pan and into boiling water — enough to cover 'Pe clean with paper towling. Melt Let batter stand for 30 minutes the roe and to which has been added J?e butter in pan and add pine nuts. before coating trout. Fry in an inch of two tablespoons fresh lemon juice and °°k, swirling the skillet over heat oil until a rich brown color on lower a dash or two of salt. Cover pot and nt'l nuts are nicely browned. Pour side; flip and fry other side until fish is remove from heat. Let stand until roe uts and butter over trout and serve. cooked. If you head for steelhead fishing in changes color. This will take about 5 to ^CHED TROUT Lake Erie or one of its tributaries, 8 minutes. 'TH BROWNED BUTTER your catch will be the heavyweights in Remove from hot water and rinse in the trout family. These extra large cold water. Strip the pearl-sized eggs 4 °r more nice sized trout rainbow trout are real beauties with an from all the connecting membranes. | small onion, sliced iridescent lavender stripe running In a large skillet, lightly saute thinly 1 tbsp. butter from gill to tail and are excellent sliced fresh mushrooms and spring Sa 't and pepper eating freshwater fish. onions in bubbling hot butter (do not 1 b ay leaf To keep the fish in a freshly caught brown). Remove and reserve mush­ r * esh or dried parsley stage, it should be cleaned of entrails, rooms and onions. Allow butter to J lh cups water 11/ placed in a plastic bag and packed in return to bubbly stage (add more A cups Chablis or other white ice for the homeward journey. butter if needed). Add the separated Wine Pan preparations are minimal when eggs and toss lightly until eggs are au preparing a freshly caught steelhead. cooked through. Return the mush­ U te onion slices in melted butter Rub the body of the fish with kosher rooms and onions to the eggs, add a S ft Add bay leaf arsle salt dash or two of soy or Worcestershire and e° ' ' P y' salt and give it a quick rinse under cold f0 P Pper, water and wine. Simmer tap water to remove some of the natu­ sauce. Toss together until all is very s. about 5 minutes. Place trout in ral slime that coats the body. Then use hot and serve on toast. ab Cover pan and let fish poach for ut ar 10 minutes or more until trout b e cooked. Do not let stock boil. I^iiove and drain fish and place on ated serving dish. Keep warm. T6pPlNG \i {J cup browned butter '" cup sauteed bread croutons ovp '3°°n 2 or 3 tablespoons hot stock tr a out, scatter croutons over fish rid Sen, ^°Ur browned butter over all. c with lemon wedges, cij ^n8'ing a line from a boat or "Ubi ng over rocky terrain to cast a M * R c H 19 8 0 A Fly Fisherman's Guide to Fishing

Pennsylvania's Limestone Streams by Gerald Almy

The author cautiously working in an 18-inch Falling Spring Rainbow which took his # 18 "Legged Ant" pattern.

J. he limestone streams of southcen- has changed. Even the flow of the very ination, a definition might help. J"st tral Pennsylvania are widely regarded water itself has been tinkered with — what is a limestone creek? as some of the top trout waters in the first, slowed down, widened and silted Theodore Gordon is most famous East. But the angler who visits Big from abuse, then narrowed and deep­ for his investigations of freestone Spring Creek, Falling Spring Run, the ened through reclamation work to waters in the Catskills, but he Letort and Yellow Breeches today is in speed up the flow, increase oxygen described limestone creeks succinctly for some big surprises. content and clarify the waters, thereby when he called them "great springs 6 Things have changed since the clas­ undoing past mistakes. Regulations on which gush from the rocks in larg sic works of trout fishing literature permissible tackle and creeling fish, volume." The more common freestone 3 were spawned along the banks of these too, have undergone drastic transfor­ streams gather their flow pieceme bucolic, alkaline streams several de­ mations in recent years. over their course, growing from tiny cades ago. Fishing pressure has So many changes have taken place trickles to broad rivers as rain runon f mounted. Stocking has been discontin­ that, for the angler new to these and feeder creeks gradually swell the' ued on most of the waters, allowing waters, a fresh look at the classic "big volume and broaden their banks- wild trout populations to take over. four" limestone creeks of the Carlisle Limestone creeks, on the other hand' The varieties of both aquatic and to Chambersburg corridor seems in pour forth from their subterranean e terrestrial insect life fed on by the fish order. But before beginning our exam­ source at full volume when intricat

S PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE" nderwater networks of rivers momen- degree range, and (3) a volume of flow was fishing a #16 cress bug. And, just anly spring above ground from their that does not rise or fall with the last summer, the Yellow Breeches "me beds. abundance or scarcity of rains, but made Carlisle angler Richard Pryor Though rare in comparison with remains constant and dependable for smile when a 27'/rinch, 10-pound, reestone creeks, limestoners are more the fish all year long. 11 '/4-ounce rainbow climbed onto his Common than people thought 20 years The combination of these three white marabou streamer, qualifying as 8°- In Pennsylvania alone there are factors means a steady, year-round a new Pennsylvania STATE RECORD. w° dozen. However, due to their feeding and growing season for the Such catches are special, once-in- eauty, fertility, accessibility and rich trout. And, due to the inherent rich­ a-lifetime occurrences — even on "'story, Big Spring, Falling Spring, ness of alkaline waters, there is an these fertile waters. Fish in the more he Letort and the Yellow Breeches extraordinary amount of food for them modest, but still pleasing range of 12 and out in most people's minds as the to consume during this 365-day-a-year to 20 inches, however, are quite 'assic limestone waters of the East. feeding period. One recent study done common in the limestone creeks. Since Technically, the Yellow Breeches is showed that the Letort produced 5,000 some of the best stretches of all four of ot a spring creek as the other three pounds (wet weight) of food per acre these creeks are operated under FlSH- re- But the soil over which it flows is — nearly 20 times that of a typical FOR-FUN regulations (one trout a day, aced heavily with lime deposits and freestone creek. over 20 inches) angling is permitted on everal limestone springs feed it, so for The outcome of this combination of a year-round basis, providing chal­ Poetical purposes (and because so abundant food and constantly favor­ lenging, but high-qualtity sport for manY people think of it as a lime- able feeding conditions is some very anyone who buys a license and jour­ stoner), we can lump it with this corpulent trout. Falling Spring regu­ neys to the water. group. larly gives up rainbows in the 4- to I feel fortunate indeed to have all "'hat is so special about limestone 6-pound range — quite remarkable four of these limestone gems within Creeks? Several things, but most when you consider that even a day-trip range of my home, and for lmPortant from the angler's viewpoint mediocre broad jumper could leap over a decade I have fished them often. are three qualities: (1) a mind- across most any part of this stream. Based on these experiences, 'here are °°ggling food supply, (2) a constant The Letort recently bestowed a 10- descriptions of what you can expect year-round temperature in the 50-60 pound brown on a friend of mine who today, in 1980, on Pennsylvania's Angler playing a trout on Falling Springs Run during "Trico" hatch . . . other rises are seen in foreground.

M ARCH — 1980 famous limestone creeks, as well as clouds on warm August evenings, shoreline foliage will snag the backed recommendations on flies and tactics drawing hordes of hatch-matchers to every time. A roll cast works best, bl that should produce on these some­ the water. this cast doesn't allow you to swish $ times difficult streams. For the tiny tackle afficionado, fly through the air to dry it, so I uS midge-feeding trout are commonplace, either deer hair or cork terrestri3'' Yellow Breeches virtually year-round. One fanatic I which remain buoyant without fa's know claims good success with a No. casting. This is the place to start for 28 midge pattern that he calls simply Roll them out with a snap of «? newcomers to limestone trout fishing. the "white dot," because it's so small it wrist and let the flies land with a tiffl Only marginally does it fit under this looks like merely a tiny white speck on "plop" behind or to the side of ?*f category, and it is the one stream the water — if you can see it at all. riser. This seems to catch the trout W among these four that still requires Terrestrials offer superb fishing on surprise and elicits a charging, instiflc' and receives trout stockings in its the Breeches from late April through tive strike on many occasions. A M| FISH-FOR-FUN stretch, since repro­ October. One of my favorite strategies thrown above the fish has a muC duction is poor. However, it is a lovely for fishing this stream is to park at poorer chance of drawing a take, sinc stream with some 34 miles that hold Allenberry and fish both shores of the the fish has more time for a cautio^' trout. Many are holdovers from long, flat pool that runs upstream from skeptical examination of the fly as' seasons past, and the state record rain­ here. Rather than getting in and floats into his feeding lane. bow caught here last summer shows wading, however, I find it more effec­ For this bank fishing with roll casts' that there are some real brutes present tive to stalk stealthily along the banks, cork beetles and the McMurray A"' for the trophy hunter. trying to spot the risers that hang near work well, as do turkey quill and c0£ For those hankering after a giant the shoreline beneath overhanging caterpillars. Of course, if there's suft1' such as this, streamers and big nymphs trees, sipping in land insects. Extreme cient room for backcasting to dry fu' are the flies of choice. The white caution is needed in this approach, and feather flies, or if you choose t0 marabou used to take the big record since the fish are worked over heavily wade, traditional patterns such as *$ bow is a good choice, as are black and and are quite wary. black fur ant in sizes #18 or 20 a^ brown versions and slightly chunkier When I spot a riser, I use some cinnamon ants in #22 and 24 wof" sculpin patterns. Nymph fishermen rather unorthodox techniques on him. very well. like big stone fly imitations and — if "Normal" casting is just about out of Pennsylvania routes 174, 233, 34' your conscience doesn't bother you — the question when fishing from the and 74, accessible off 1-81, just sou''1 a ball of yellow yarn tied to imitate a banks like this, because the dense of Carlisle, all cross this long, windii^ salmon egg can be a telling fly. Doug Jones roll casts to trout sipping in terrestrials along the shoreline Except in the fall, when they some­ of the Yellow Breeches Creek upstream from Allenberry. ^ times hang like ominous submarines just under the surface near the shore­ line, most of these big browns and rainbows hover near the bottom. Either a sinking tip fly line or split shot crimped on the leader above the fly is necessary to get the offering down deep to them. Try both dead-drift deliveries that tumble the fly naturally down through deep runs and slow pools with the current, and also slow, twitching retrieves. An uncanny number of trout in the 18- to 26-inch class are caught directly below the dam at Allenberry Resort and Playhouse, just east of Boiling Springs on Pa. Rt. 174. Allenberry provides parking for fishermen and access to the middle of the FISH-FOR- FUN stretch. If you're not thrilled with the pros­ pects of sinking tip lines and split shot (and I must confess, I'm not either) the Yellow Breeches also offers quality dry fly fishing. In spring there are good hatches of mayflies, including Sulphurs, March Browns, Hendrick- sons, and some Olives. Caddis also hatch in numbers, and the "White Fly" {Ephoron Leukori) emerges in

10 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE? ^Tows on the maps reproduced on this page indicate the general °cation of the streams mentioned in this article. They do not neces­ sarily Pinp0int the specific fishing areas referred to by the author. "e Portions reproduced here are from the Pennsylvania Depart- ^e"f of Transportation's series of "Type 3" county maps. Right: Janklin County, Map No. 3-28; Above: Cumberland County, Map Ho. 3-21. These maps are available from the PA Dept. of Transpor­ tation Publication Sales Stores, P.O. Box 134, Middletown, PA 1?057. Written requests should be accompanied by a check or foney order payable to PA Dept. of Transportation (no cash or ^*p>ps; no phone orders). Add 6% Sales Tax for maps to be ed within Pennsylvania. to,aPs are 18"x 24" —- scale varies. Single maps:. 75 plus tax; Sets '1 map of each county): $ 16.00 plus tax.

THESE MAPS ARE NOT AVAILABLE FROM ANY FISH COMMISSION OFFICE.

j*°M stream. To reach the FlSH-FOR- entirely different stream. It's much shocking and removal of all brown and PUN stretch, take Pa. Rt. 34 south smaller, making wading unnecessary. rainbow trout from the Big Spring tr°m 1-81 to Pa. Rt. 174. Go east Also, being a true spring creek, it's headwaters and the erection of an ^Proximately four miles, just past much richer in food life, with dense aluminum barrier at the old Thomas . °iling Springs, to Allenberry. Park- aquatic weed growth and abundant Dam site, to prevent the browns and n8 is available here. populations of sow bugs and shrimp. rainbows from returning to this special j, RECOMMENDED FLIES—Sulphur While fishing on the Breeches is area for brookies. 6 J! -18, Hendrickson #12-14, Blue- primarily for stocked trout, Big The brook trout are now doing well, J^ged Olive #18-20, caddis #14-20, Spring's population is comprised en­ with a population of approximately J^ite Fly #12-14, white midge #24- tirely of wild fish in the trophy area. 300 fish above this barrier. Robert stone fly nymph #6-12, marabou One of the most impressive projects Hesser, Chief of the Fisheries Man­ H,g !2, sculpin #6-12, cork beetle #12- the Fish Commission has embarked on agement Section for the Fish Commis­ *?' McMurray Ant #12-18, black and in recent years has been an effort to sion, says "the outlook for the Big „lnr>amon ants #14-24, Letort Cricket restore the waning native brook trout Spring brook trout is perhaps the 12 ' Turkey Quill Caterpillar #8- population to this stream. Hatchery brightest ever. The reproduction dur­ construction along the creek and pre- ing the winter of '77-'78 resulted in the largest year class since 1975." ft' * dation on young brookies by big '9 Spring Creek browns and rainbows had cut deeply Below the barrier, browns and rain­ into native brook trout numbers. The bows maintain good wild populations ~'g Spring, though less than a dozen Commission took several steps to and regularly cough up fish in the 20- "es from the Yellow Breeches, is an rectify the problem, including electro- to 30-inch bracket to skilled fisher-

H ARCH — 1980 11 6 men. One friend of mine spent five fare, Big Spring's trout don't have to fly, cinnamon ant, and midge pupa days fishing this part of the stream rise much. They do a lot of their feed­ will all draw delicate sipping takes ing by burrowing into the weed growth when presented on 7X or 8X tipped- and only took six fish. Yet every one of 6 them measured over 20 inches! and gobbling down the shrimp and It's heady sport, but this is not the typ other assorted tidbits that they shake of trout fishing recommended f°f , Where the trout on the Breeches are r quite visible, on Big Spring you have to loose. Roll casting patterns imitating someone unlimbering their fly rod f° hunt your fish, particularly on the shrimp and scuds is probably the most the first time. It's a challenging lower brown and rainbow stretch. potent technique for day-in, day-out stream, and can be richly rewarding Polaroid sunglasses and a hat with a fishing. Patterns in sizes #12-20 are — but for the dedicated only. brim are indispensable aids. Once you effective. To reach Big Spring, take the take the pains to locate a trout in this The brookies, in particular, occa­ Newville Exit, Pa. Rt. 233, off 1-81' lower water, however, it's likely to be a sionally show a penchant for topwater south of Carlisle. Go south on US 1* dandy. Brookies are more easily flies, however, even with this rich and watch for the Pennsylvania Fis" ; pinpointed in the upper water, though abundance of crustaceans living in the Commission sign on the right, a f«* 6 many of them will also hang deep out aquatic vegetation. Rarely will they miles down the road. Take a right her e of sight, or partially hidden beneath a strike anything larger than a #20, and this road leads to the stream. Th tuft of weed or leaning willow branch. though, and #22-28 patterns work best TROPHY TROUT MANAGEMENT AREA- Due to the density of subsurface of all. The Adams, blue-dun palmer where two fish a day over 15 inches • may be kept, is located from 100 fee below the source of Big Spring, down- stream to Strohm Dam. RECOMMENDED FLIES — Black- cinnamon, and hot-orange ants #2v* 26, Black Gnat #22-24, blue dun I palmer fly #22-26, Adams #22-24< , gray and olive midge pupae #24-2<>< shrimp and scuds #12-20, sculpin W 12.

Falling Spring Run

Stocking was discontinued on th FISH-FOR-FUN stretch of Falling Spring Run several years back, and f°f serious fisherman, it was a welcome change in policy by the Fish CommlS' sion. This beautiful little limestone gem is unusual in that it is one of th few spring creeks in the East to have wild population of the landlocke Shasta River strain of rainbows. TheS6 trout lack the strong migratou instincts of most eastern rainbows tha have evolved from steelhead lines. According to Chief of Fisheries Management Robert Hesser, "rain' bows are reproducing significantly » Falling Spring Branch upstream fr^l the FISH-FOR-FUN area. Some sign'"' cant brown trout reproduction a»s takes place there, and even som brooks reproduce." , Much of the resurgence in wi trout populations can be at least part'/ attributed to stream improver^11 work. The Falling Spring Chapter i Trout Unlimited added gravel an narrowed the channel on a meado stretch of water that had bee virtually devoid of fish up to that tin1 • Their effort increased the stream fl° 1 On special native brook trout headwaters of Big Spring Creek, the season and oxygen content, and also reduce is open all year; creel limit is 2 trout over 15 inches. harmful siltation. The result was tW| B 12 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE . er 250 rainbow fingerlings were fly. For the olives, sizes #18 and 20 are the feeding rhythm of the trout you're °Ur>d in the area the next year from a best. trying for, so that your fly floats over SUccessful spawn. Sulphurs follow soon after the him precisely when he's ready to come Nymph and streamer fishermen olives, often overlapping them in April up and sip another one in. It's also tak,e trout on Falling Spring, but it's and continuing through June. Several necessary to put the fly exactly over thed ry fly that offers the most intrigu- species are present ranging in size the fish's feeding lane. With so many ing sport on this gentle stream. from #14 to 18. They feature yellow­ insects on the water, the trout aren't atches of mayflies are very good, ish-olive or yellowish-orange bodies about to move six inches out of their , "h different species emerging regu- and pale bluish gray to deep slate way to grab your ersatz bug. -vj'y from March through December. wings. Hatching occurs primarily in Other "musts" for successfully fish­ here is even sporadic hatching activ- the late afternoon and evening hours, ing this hatch are refined tippets and y through the dead of winter on unless the weather is cloudy, which tiny imitations. Some anglers use #22 ^JJU, sunny days. speeds things up a bit. patterns, but you'll draw more takes *he earliest mayflies to appear are The third important mayfly hatch with #24's and 26's. Tippets of 7X or ^enerally the olives (Baetis). There on Falling Spring is the tiny black and 8X are best. re a several different broods of this fly white insect known as Theorythodes. Most of the feeding, which typically d the brownish-green ephemerids This is one of the smallest mayflies, at commences at about 8:30 or 9:30, ,lth smoky gray wings can appear 3 mm, but it hatches in such incredible centers on the Tricorythodes spinners, i^ririg spring, summer, and fall. numbers each morning from July the imagoes that return to the water to ar tjJ ch and April, and then October in through much of November, that it mate in huge, glistening silver clouds J?.e fall are the best months for the almost always draws trout topside. of flies. A good pattern can be tied 0l ives Days with heavy cloud cover The flies are so thick in some back­ with just a few spread fibers of hackle and even a light drizzle bring about water eddies that the fish can literally for the tail, a mole fur body, and the most fly activity with this species. open their mouths and scoop in three sparse polypropylene wings. "e best styles of tie for this mayfly, as or four insects at a time. Terrestrial fishing is also great on e" as most of the others that hatch Needless to say, these great num­ Falling Springs. It often takes up the Jj Falling Spring, are either para- bers of naturals makes for demanding slack over those long periods of the day ute patterns or the thorax-hackled fishing. It's imperative that you study when no aquatic hatches are coming The subject of many a writer's pen; the object of many an angler's wand: Letort Spring Run—upper reaches.

• feA- ^

MA R c H - I 9 8 0 13 off. Earliest of the naturals to make for Chambersburg. Go east and ta^ their appearance are the ants, and the first road to your right, only a fe* imitations of them can be productive hundred feet off 1-81. The first road'" from late March all the way into the left off this road leads to the FisH' November. Cinnamon patterns in #18- FOR-FUN area. 24 and black ants in #16-20 are best. RECOMMENDED FLIES — Shri^P One of the best ant patterns for this #12-20, sculpin #8-10, Blue-wing^" stream consists of a body of black, Olive #18-20, Sulphur #14-18, T| dubbed-on rabbit fur in two separate corythodes #22-26, Crowe Beetle #1°' oval humps and three or four strands 16, cork beetle #14-20, black, cinna­ of black deer hair tied in at the mon, and hot-orange ants #16-2*- "waist" to form legs. This fly, which I Hair Cricket #14, hopper #14-16, oliv£ call the Legged Ant, is a combination midge pupa #22-24, leafhopper of the traditional fur ant pattern and 20. Chauncy Lively's Carpenter Ant, which is tied solely with deer hair. I Letort Spring Run use the deer hair legs from Lively's pattern and the fur body from the The Letort is a legendary streak j traditional ant fly. Falling Spring was The aura and mystique that peop' the first testing ground for this infuse this creek with apparent'!^ pattern, and it's worked well on many scares a lot of anglers off, for it rare') other waters since, from Pennsylvania draws much pressure — in spite ° s to Wyoming. offering some of the best trout fishi"^ Beetles are abundant along the in the East. Granted, the fishing f°f

Crowe Beetle variations, left, are especially good on Falling Spring Run through summer. McMurray Ants, right, are deadly limestone fare. shores of this stream. Cork and deer these deep, chocolate-colored brow" hair patterns fished with a splat, or and pink-striped rainbows isn't eas)' fur-and-feather palmered hackle ties but if you can cast accurately to e fished daintily in midstream to risers feet, keep your backcast high and fr a • can draw husky fish to the net. Sizes of the tall weed growth surrounc* #10-22 work at different times, with the stream, and approach the wa some of the biggest fish falling for cautiously, chances are you can in­ those huge #10's and 12's that many into a good brown or two here. people mistakenly believe are inappro­ The fishing is tough, but not th"

priate for the limestone streams. tough. And the trout are dandies ! Grasshoppers and crickets, mem­ plenty in the 14- to 18-inch class, p1ltf« bers of the Orthoptera order, also the occasional five- or ten-pouno6 draw big fish to the surface from July thrown in to spice things up. through October. Sizes #10-16 are Caution in one's approach to *' good for imitating these large, chunky water is crucial when fishing iW . insects. Letort. This is a small, typically cf1s In a tight situation, an angler daps Falling Spring flows right down to talline stream, and the trout af for a big rainbow trout the eastern edge of Chambersburg. To extremely skittish. Walk quietly, st^ spotted in Falling Springs Run. reach the stream, take the US 30 exit well back and to the side of ^

14 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE t sUspected fish lies, and crouch or kneel olives on the water that draw 8 to 16 sizes #10-14 work well from July as you approach the casting position. inch fish topside. Parachute or thorax through October. Grasshoppers are Due to the skittish nature of the Sulphurs in #16-20 and Olives in #18- best during the bright, midday hours, "sh, locals have learned that the best 20 work best when these insects are particularly if there's a bit of breeze ^ay to catch them is to wait patiently hatching. blowing the insects into the water. '0r trout to show themselves by rising Terrestrials offer the best dry fly Crickets are deadly patterns at dawn 0r furrowing the water in quest of a opportunities on the Letort. As on the and dusk, when swirls of gray mist rise nyniph. After watching a stretch for other limestone streams, ants are the off the water and the furtive naturals en or fifteen minutes, you should have first land insects to make their appear­ fill the air with their steely chirping. P'npointed the location of several fish ance, drawing surface rises by early One and a half miles of the Letort *hich you can then try for. April. These workhorse patterns — are classed as FISH-FOR-FUN waters, Often as not, the fish you observe cinnamon ants in #16-22, blacks in with one trout a day over 20 inches Wl'l be rooting in the thick beds of #14-18 — account for as many allowed. This stretch is located from j^atercress and elodea in search of sow surface-caught trout on this stream as 300 yards above the bridge on T-481, °ugs and shrimp. The trout knock any other pattern from spring through downstream to the Reading Railroad tuSe sma"> aquatic animals free of fall. Bridge at Letort Spring Park in Car­ "e plants with shudders of their By mid-August, the first flights of lisle. The upper part of the FISH-FOR- Oscular bodies, then ease down- winged mating ants begin peppering FUN water can be reached by taking stream to collect the free-floating the water on still, muggy days. These Pa. Rt. 34 South (Hanover St) Exit off ?°rsels. Patterns such as Dave's flying ant falls can stimulate frenzied 1-81 at Carlisle. Drive south for less Shri mp and sow bug imitations in #14- feeding on occasion and the angler than a mile, then go left on Bonny- 20 can be roll cast to sighted fish to with a close imitation of the winged brook Road, which leads to the Letort. *eeP the fly saturated and deliveries naturals is sure to be in for some good RECOMMENDED FLIES — Sculpin a^curate. This fishing continues right sport on those warm, sunny afternoons #8-12, shrimp and scuds #12-20, olive though much of the winter, offering a when ants get the urge to procreate. and gray midge pupae #16-24, Jassid ne break for the angler who gets a Beetle patterns produce well on the #18-20, Letort Cricket #10-14, Letort Premature case of spring fishing fever Letort, even though the heavy infesta­ Hopper #12-16, winged ants #16-24, °n a January of February afternoon. tions of Japanese beetles found along black ant #14-18, cinnamon or hot- Mayfly hatches aren't spectacular the stream during years past are no orange ant #18-22, No-name Midge °n the Letort, but occasionally there longer present (much to the delight of #22-24, Sulphur #16-18, Blue-winged re good numbers of sulphurs and gardeners!). Hoppers and crickets in Olive #18-20.

A amount of feather left black. few on the quill. Underwing: Black-dyed goose PLIES Antennae Two moose mane sprayed for durability. FORTHE fibers. Overwing: Black-dyed deer flank MMSSSTONERS Finish: Model airplane paint in hair In small sizes, elk yellow, tan, or In larger sizes. j^tggd Amt ; bro wnish-green. Legs: Black-dyed turkey or Hook: Mustad No. 94833, goose pointer quills sizes # 14-20. Cork Beetle (use short side). rhread: Black prewaxed6/0. Hook: Mustad No. 94833, Turkey Guilt Caterpillar tfOtty; Dubbed black rabbit sizes #8-20. " fur in two nearly equal Thread: Brown or black Hook: 2X long dry fly, sizes oval humps, separated pre waxed 6/0, #8-16. by an exaggerated Body: Cork cut and sanded Thread: None. thin waist to appropriate beetle Body: Turkey wing quill of Four or five pieces of shape. appropriate size, cut black deer hair tied in Legs: (Optional) Thread, slightly longer than the hook and trimmed • .• . . at wais tand clipped to rubber hackle, or appropriate size. feather barbules close to the quill with threaded through cork feather stubs left to body with needle and represent legs. Slit Is .*-H . cut in quill and hook °ok: Mustad No. 94833, trimmed to cemented In with sizes #8-14. appropriate length. Th epoxy. Body can be read: Yello w pre waxed 6/0. Qody Al's Hair Cricket dyed or painted. ; Cork cut and sanded to hopper body Hook: Regular dry fly in # 10- Editor's Note — For more patterns shape. 16; 2X long in #6 and for the limestone streams, see the le9S; Mallard wing feathers #8. author's Tying & Fishing Terrestrials, cut to appropriate Thread: Black 2/0. 1978, Stackpoie Books, Harrisburg, size, with small Body: Elk hair (flank) dyed PA.

ARCH — 1980 15 follow that the trout, if fed, wo# grow and would be stocked and tn|s THE DEEPEST CO-OP NURSERY — was true. However, this is oversimpj1, cation; so let's get to the nitty gri™ "HOOKS & HORNS" with a good bit of true grit. The holding pens were, in faCj. by Bill Porter metal mesh silos with a length ° twelve feet and a diameter of six fee They were suspended vertically in «* 6 water and held in place by cabl ( Flotation units under the lids keP them at water level. By now, it ' obvious that they were floating in a, least thirteen feet of water. Ad another 127 feet and you are closer t the real depth. The silos were placed' an abandoned stone quarry on con1 pany property and the 140 wading " is starting to become more of a reality' Actually the silos had been orig^ nally constructed by the Hershey f°°, people as an innovative step towaf commercial trout raising. If the p»° program proved successful, the con1 pany apparently was going to go in' commercial fish raising in a big ^a) However, with a variety of problem' including severe vandalism, the con1 Hooks & Horns stocking operation calls for a lot of muscle. Fish pany dropped the project with intent are passed up the steps and hill in buckets to waiting truck. study it and revise it later. In the meantime the club ** H

ARCH — 1980 17 NEW COLLECTIBLES — following the great depression. TWj price was reduced to 150 in 1934 afld Old Magazines subsequent years. Old 1939 issues o> the Pennsylvania Angler cost a mere dime and were then obtained ofll; by Don Shiner through subscription. Back covers on some old-tim6 outdoor publications carried advertise' HUNTING ments with poster-type paintings ot hunting and fishing scenes that fca' FISHING tured the manufacturer's products >n use. Some of these were also issued 3s posters and calendars that have als° become noteworthy and valuable af collectibles. The contents inside covered many topics still popular today. "Bass Fish' ing Know-how," "Hunting the Grea American Elk," and "Latest Lure fot Pike," were typical stories. Bu nowhere does that nostalgic feelif^ come through more clearly than in tne advertisements scattered generously throughout. Because prices were rea' sonably stable, costs of products wef6 often included in the ads. Of course many manufacturers and product5 have long since disappeared from tW scene. A wealth of old-time fishi^ lures are no longer made, but there are some that survived and remain popula today. Where can one find old outdoO' magazines without gving away a" eyetooth for them? They often sho^ up in many unexpected places. Atti^ of older homes are good places \ rummage. If owners were the least W interested in fishing and other A here are lots of old things being This is understandable. When one outdoor collected now: decoys, horse collars; thumbs through the yellowed pages of sports, such classics as an "Annua furniture; kitchen wooden wares; cal­ old-time outdoor magazines, time Bass Number" or others with gorgeoU endars; old fishing lures. These and spins backward to an era that can cover art, were often tucked away f° other castoffs from a bygone era, never exist again. safekeeping in boxes, on booksheh'e hidden in barns and attics for half a Most had cover reproductions of art or in old trunks. Older relatives may century or more, are being rediscov­ by young artists, many of whom have still have some still in use as dw ered, dusted off, restored, displayed since gained fame in the art world. covers on boxes of unused canni11* 1 and treasured by many today. And Color photography was unheard of. jars. Some may be stacked in corne * now, old magazines are among the The process itself was just being exper­ of vacant garages. Search out noo* collectibles being sought by growing imented with in research labs. and crannies for these old outdo" ef numbers of Americans. Prices of most old magazines give magazines that show an earlier Am It's an expression of fondness for insight into earlier times long before ica while there are still some to " those nostalgic years when life was television came into being. Old 1929 found. pictured as being simpler. During this copies of the now defunct Hunting & What Sid Latham said about post' time of nostalgia, it was inevitable that Fishing cost 50. This price prevailed ers in his book, Great Sporting Posted interest in old magazines and catalogs through and beyond 1941. Sports s would develop. What were once sold in Afield, America's oldest monthly out­ of the Golden Age,* applies equally bulk to junkmen or given to scrap door magazine had recently combined to early magazines. "They depict paper drives are now collectibles and with Trails of the Northwoods and world that can never be again, and 0*U commanding hefty prices at that. cost 250 on newsstands in 1931, time when Americans weren't so i* removed from their pioneer heritage * Copyright 1978. Pub. Stackpo PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE* 18 Books, Harrisburg, Pa. Considered the "Patriarch of Penns" by those who know him, Bill Steck fishes Penns Creek, a favorite of his. Pioneering in Catch & Release by Dave Johnson

**• new dawn for trout fishing is an tionalist" who likes trout for the skillet idea of catch and release as a tool for J*eptance by biologists and anglers and the guy looking for quality. That better fishing would have been labeled , ** that high quality fishing can only means managing the wild trout un-American by the vast majority of J" Preserved on heavily fished waters resource on the best streams and for anglers. The notion persists today, but r°ugh some form of catch-and- stocking the high yield on the rest. with far less clout. In those years there e'ease management. Despite the ob- This brings diversity to the program was a general belief that fishing had |ecfions of the "traditionalists" who and a fair cut of the license dollar to little effect on trout numbers; that to sist there must be a "harvest," each sportsman. Since many top qual­ catch a fish and not be able to clean Pecial regulation stretches are being ity streams should need no stocking and eat it was somehow unfair. • ded all over the country. These other waters would benefit by higher What counted was the number of e s Sulations vary but the intent is the consignments of trout, leaving the trout in the basket; fish that could be ^e •— to restrict angler harvest and versatile fisherman the best of both bragged over; photographed; and given ^Phasize naturally produced trout. worlds: fishing high-yield waters when to the neighbors who would swear 1 he usual restrictions are no-kill or he wants to creel a few trout, and what a wizard you were with a trout ""educed creel limit of one or two special regulation water if he's fishing rod. Although it was thought a crime c °Pny fish. Angling is limited to arti- merely for the fun of it. to waste food in those Depression days, I 'als: either flies-only, or flies and Things weren't always this way. many a "mess" ended up in the r.es (the "single hook" approach is When I was a lad back in the 30's garbage can since most fishermen kept . lning some angler favor where spin- there seemed to be fewer fishermen everything the law allowed and home "jg lures are permitted). and far more fish. The thought of freezers were almost unknown. Pennsylvania is a leader in fishery going out and catching trout to return One sickening case I'll never forget anagement through special regula- with an empty creel (as many will do occurred about 1935. Several well- anri' n° State ^as more fly-fishing-only today) was odd, for in those days to known local anglers had returned from release a sizable fish was thought to be t. Ash-for-fun projects. The thrust of an extended fishing excursion to the rish Commission is to manage this a wasteful extravagance — a minor mountains of central Pennsylvania ate's trout source for both the "tradi- sin. As late as the 40's and 50's the with the most lovely catch of wild M ARcH — 1980 19 brown trout I'd ever laid eyes on. the best quality fishing in America big a "meat" fisherman as the next These were fish ranging from about a was doomed. fellow .. . maybe worse, because he foot to 16 inches long. They came from The concept of catch-and-release, had learned to fish the dry fly when medium-sized, unstocked streams no-kill, fish-for-fun, or whatever, is not few "average anglers" even knew what (there were plenty like that prior to the new. Lee Wulff, better than 40 years one was. Civilian Conservation Corps' building ago, preached the need for sporting From the time he came home from c of many miles of forest roads into some regulations that would reduce the kill WW I until 1920 it was all wet flies, i of our remote valleys. After several of trout on hard-fished waters. An­ but in that year, having studied days on ice at camp, and the long hot other visionary was the late Dr. Albert Halford, LaBranch and other works t trip home — they had spoiled. At least Hazzard, regarded as the dean of no- on the subject, he purchased his first c they weren't tossed ... no sir, they kill management. He promoted fish- English dry flies on special ordef s went into the garden for fertilizer! for-fun, sometimes called the "Haz­ through the late Herb Poff at Harder's V t In our hometown it was the practice zard Plan," back in the late 40's. He Sporting Goods in Williamsport. That s of some local aces to display their stressed that any no-kill regulation spring he took his first trout on drys- I catches in the show window of the was futile and wasteful if not coupled Uncle Bill remembers it happened 0" village stores. Often it was a limit of with restrictions to artificial lures Lycoming Creek just above the mouth t] 25 — including some lunkers I've since studies showed that about one- of Trout Run. He landed three trout B since wondered how "high" they third of bait-hooked fish died — com­ and it launched him on a course from t] became after a couple days of that pared with about a 3% loss of those which he's never departed. From 192' V| kind of treatment! What we hadn't hooked on artificials. to the present he's fished nothing but Q V, figured was that even the best water Writing in "Trout" magazine, dry flies, because, he says, "I enjoy •' would suffer when too many trout May-June, 1963, Al Hazzard asked most." 8 were removed. that "fishing administrators recognize He recalls, and speaks sadly °' p After World War II the sale of the true objective of the management having so many trout at home that fishing licenses began to soar and in 20 of public trout waters and welcome sometimes the family got tired °' years sales jumped from 20 to 60 and actively promote artificial lure eating them and they would go bad- million nationally. The advent of the restrictions for all waters for which But, like others, he wanted to sho^ tl spinning reel in 1948 helped make they are suitable. Our objective on what a great fisherman he was so 1^ St successful fishermen out of tyros who these waters should be 'A Harvest of started giving trout to friends. Af° tr might never have learned the skill of Pleasure — Not a Harvest of MeatT why not? There were plenty mof6 baitcasting and fly fishing. Soon, even Dr. Hazzard put his thought into where they came from, and it wa$ the blue-ribbon streams felt the action. While Assistant Executive expected that any good fisherma11 tl crunch. To keep pace, state fish Director and Chief Biologist with the would bring home a limit. H departments raised more and more Pennsylvania Fish Commission He tells how in the early 20's he fe

*&'// send a card MAIL TO: Pennsylvania Fish Commission Enouncing Angler Circulation y P.O. Box 1673 °ur gift. Harrisburg. Pa. 17120

•\1 ARCH— 1980 21 44 Mac," the Mudpuppy by Carsten Ahre0s "MLLac, " the mudpuppy, was a are found in tributaries of the Missis­ in extremely wet weather, when heav>' curious creature that belonged to an sippi River. Its one foreign relative is rains fall, waterdogs will leave W extremely curious group of animals, the olm of Yugoslavia. streambed, and not only climb up ^ the Amphibians. This class of gener­ Mac, the mudpuppy, was going on banks, but bark like dogs. I've nef( ally 4-legged beasts seems to fall two years of age. Without mishap, he experienced this, and I'm not sayi"^ somewhere between Fishes and Rep­ might live to be ten, even longer. Full the old-timers had a shot too m^' tiles (the cold-blooded ones) and defi­ grown, he was approaching one and a but in 40 years of teaching biolog)"' nitely below the Birds and Mammals half feet in length. His color, a drab, frequently with one or more mudp^V (the warm-blooded ones). grayish-brown, had faint longitudinal pies in an aquarium, I never was intef lines and more distinct blue-black rupted by one barking! The neares ... not a fish, yet has gills ... spots scattered about his sides and I've ever come to hearing a sound °u, back; his lighter underside was more of the animal was when he was starts Amphibians differ from most fishes thinly dotted. Three ferny growths on and made a noise that might and reptiles in that they never have either side of his head, red, external described as that of a hiss under wat* scales. They are also unlike fishes in gills, were his one escape from Other amphibians, frogs and tO**j that most amphibians have four legs complete obscurity. Young frogs and can be noisy. Their voices have be6 and they are unlike reptiles in that toads have external gills but lose them recorded as "rasping snores," "meta their toes never terminate in nails. So, when they undergo metamorphosis at lie trills," "Groaning bleats," "crick6'' lacking fangs, claws, and ar­ the time when they change magically like chirps," etc., but not mudpupp*61, mor ... wings or swift limbs for flight, from tadpoles to adults. From this Of all their amphibian relatives the> amphibians rely almost entirely upon time on, they are lung-breathers. For include hellbenders, sirens, ne^ ' protective coloration to camouflage some reason, mudpuppies didn't follow frogs, toads, and many species of & them to seem to be something else. A this amphibian plan. They keep their manders, the mudpuppies look m°, few have built-in glands, filled with gills, do not develop lungs, so one like the hellbenders that are localizj obnoxious secretions that make them might say they are mudpuppies all in the Ohio River drainage area untasty to a predator. their lives. thereabouts. Hellbenders are air*10. In spite of their preference for fresh twice the size of mudpuppies, are water, amphibians have scattered ... mudpuppies vs water dogs slimy, and lack external gills. They themselves around the world. Toads and hellbenders... darker, stronger, more aggress and frogs have colonized many islands have flatter heads, and a thick, wf and distant lands, mostly in the We call them mudpuppies where I led fold of skin down either side fr<"? temperate and tropical parts of the live, but I've been in vicinities in the the front to the hind limbs. P°0 world. Of them all, mudpuppies are South where they're known as water species have four toes on each 1°% especially North American, and most dogs. I've had old-timers declare that both have flat, powerful tails, t*1

22 PENNSYLVANIA ANGL chief organ or locomotion, that can threaded to a boy's bent pin hook. swarms as many redwinged black­ Propel the animal swiftly out of There wasn't a barb, so in time it birds, fish, or honeybees do. Only at danger. worked itself out of his cheek without mating time does a mudpuppy seek too much pain and taught him only a another of his species. ... no family life vague lesson. But, some months later a Fertilization in frogs, toads, and luscious night crawler hung over his hellbenders is external; the eggs and Mac was hatched in a quiet stream head ... a small sunfish was taking sperms meet in the water, and because 'hat meandered through a wooded little nibbles from it. Mac arced in and of the uncertainty of such a meeting, valley in our state. The clear water of swallowed the bait in one gulp. many eggs must be laid. In mudpup­ [he slow current didn't disturb the Oops! — a fierce pang filled his pies, fertilization is internal; hence, °°ttom mud except at floodtime. A innards as he felt himself jerked from more sure, and fewer eggs are Nocturnal animal, Mac spent the day the water. The angler regarded his produced. °uried in the mud with only his head "fish" with annoyance, reached for That second spring Mac was a bit and plumy gills showing. At night he slimy Mac, then recoiled with dis­ bewildered when he had a sudden urge Was active, catching and devouring pleasure, pulled out his knife and cut to seek out another salamander. Not ^riall crayfish, water insects, tiny fish, the string. Mac fell back into the just any salamander but a mudpuppy h eggs, snails, and the like. stream; he was still alive, but months of the opposite sex. To one that had His mother had glued her eggs to a would pass before he could move with­ never felt kinship for anyting, this new r°cky ledge just a few feet below the out pain — months before the power­ emotion was a bit overwhelming. Mac Ream's surface. Some instinct told ful acids in his stomach dissolved the left his old haunts by allowing the •Jer the eggs would not hatch on the metallic hook. From that moment Mac current to carry him downstream. 'HI bottom where she usually lived, so regarded with suspicion any food that Heavy rains had melted the snow in she placed them where they would stay looked too easy. the mountains above and the Wet but where the rays of the sun could waterway was swollen. For a while, to reach them each day. After she ... surrounded by predators... drift along was pleasant. But soon he Anchored the last egg, her job was wasn't drifting; he was flying. The There was an entire family of don e and she swam away. She never water seemed to have but one desire: to ew raccoons that became soaked endea­ get to some place far below. The her offspring. When his egg voring in vain to catch Mac. A bobcat etched, Mac was on his own. It was streambed was narrowing and the tried his skill. So did various fish, water forced between high walls. Mac Jght. The. newly hatched "puppy" water snakes, diurnal water birds like as about y th of an inch long. He fought his way to the bottom only to 4 the great blue heron and kingfisher, find there was no place to hide; there ade his way to the surface where he and nocturnal birds, the black- und minute plants and animals for was nothing but highly polished, slip­ crowned herons. By this time, Mac pery rock. For a mile or more, the °d. When dawn came, he sank to the had outgrown his home by the snag, current tossed him about, turned him 'torn of the stream where he found a and he hid himself wherever the end-over-end, washed him up on a ater-logged snag, and its down- stream had a muddy bottom. Of ledge by himself, then dragged him ream side provided a shelter, a quiet course, his bright red gills were back into itself again. jP°t he claimed for his own. The snag rm exposed and often called attention to c ed a permanent eddy that often himself. Finally, Mac escaped. The banks arried bits of food to him which he widened and the waters spread out Once a family camped on the bank J°yed without much effort on his over a wide shallow valley crowded of the stream and the teenaged son with water plants through which the caught Mac. He put him into an old Part. river made a score of rivulets through pail filled with water. The boy dug a the thick growth. And here among the can of angleworms which he poured arrowheads, bur-reeds, and cattails, • •. everyone is hungry... into the pail with Mac. Then he Mac met a mate, a mudpuppy that, covered the pail with a board and except for her six, pretty red, plumy weighed it down with a big stone. Mac Uf r°m t'len on' ^ac grew raP^ty- gills, was just as drab as he. He was was tall enough to stand and push e most attentive, found food for her: a . became a game: to eat and not to against the cover. All night long he e aten While he dragonfly naiad, a crayfish — quite w - at c attempted to squeeze between the rim soft for it had just emerged from its was very small, he and its lid. Finally, just at dawn, he old shell — a water strider, several Waf0 w'tn apprehension the giant succeeded. The boy found the pail er whirligig beetles. But after mating, u beetles that captured small, tipped over. To Mac, liberty was ar there was no family set-up as one p0 y mudpuppies, held them in important. Even though angleworms might find with a pair of robins or Wis U' 'egs wn''e their sharp, side- were one of his favorite foods, he paid th JUlcW rking aws bit off chunks of foxes. fiel st ar,° es fromJ creatures almost as Wj.ar . '' d, there were great water bugs them no attention as he strove all §rew aS tnemselves. Soon, however, he through the night to escape. The When summer and drought had tlw •§so ' Piercing beaks which sucked Da„ "ig that these insects became a worms found freedom too. lowered the water, Mac spent much ^ his diet. over a month getting back to his old WlCe section of the stream where he could sorr Mac met fishermen to his ... even a mudpuppy has his day... dj(j °w- The first wasn't too bad. He again spend a sleepy day buried in the teTin ' w tne worm dangling so Mudpuppies are solitary animals. mud with just his snout and red gills ptlngly in the water above him was They do not travel in flocks, schools, or gently waving in the slow current.

M A R c H - i 9 8 0 23 How to prepare

Snapper Soup

by Jean I. McMillan photos by the author

Xf you are lucky enough to find a meat by pulling away from the intes­ and a bay leaf until tender. In ^ snapping turtle, take him home with tines, heart, and gall bladder, making other method, saute the meat first i" you. Don't let the kids talk you into sure to remove the windpipe and butter with the flavor-giving ceW> keeping him as a pet — they're not esophagus also. Care should be taken and carrots, plus one diced mediu^ pets — furthermore, you'll miss a very at all times not to cut into the intes­ onion and a garlic clove. Then add tfl good meal. If you pass him up because tines, especially when cutting around cups of water, two beef bouillon cub6*' you think he's too hard to clean, read the openings. You'll discover at this a bay leaf, thyme, marjoram and sa on. point that the heart continues to and pepper. Simmer 30 minutes ° Although the turtle is not the easiest contract for some minutes, an indica­ more, adding 1/2 cup of sherry n£a creature to clean, it's not an impossible tion of the strong reflex actions nature the finish. The end result is deliciouS' task, in fact, he'll even help you! has built into this ancient species. so the choice of method is up to t" Assemble the following tools: vise Now cut off the lower shell and skin cook. grips, an ax, two very sharp knives — the whole body. The muscles in the The best herbs in snapper soup af one thin-bladed, the other a heavier turtle keep contracting during this marjoram and thyme, 1/4 to 1/2 te* sheath knife, poultry scissors, a bucket process and even pull from your grasp spoon, depending on the amount and boiling water. many times. The feeling of fighting liquid. A bay leaf is used in either W! • The first step (quoting the Queen in with a "ghost" can perhaps be erased bouillon or skillet method. The fin3 Alice in Wonderland) is "off with his by concentrating on mental pictures of stage is the addition of one-half to o" head." This is where the snapper will a steaming bowl of savory snapper cup of sherry wine during the last ie cooperate by grasping the vise grips soup. minutes of cooking. , j tightly, allowing you to pull his head When skinning the legs, cut off the Should you like a cooked-in shef J far out of the shell so the ax can do a clawed feet with the skin, also remov­ flavor, try simmering the snapP«, proper job. ing the thin end of the tail. Rinse the meat in one cup of sherry added to 1/.| After the body has dripped briefly, meat well in cold water and cut into cup melted butter. Cook slowly u"1 put the turtle into a bucket and scald small pieces. If you cannot continue almost all liquid is absorbed. Then a . well with boiling water. This will with the soup preparation immediate­ two quarts beef broth, which , loosen the horny skin on his legs and ly, cover and refrigerate your snapper. seasoned with 1/4 teaspoon each the scaly undershell. Turtle meat is of several types, light thyme and marjoram, salt and pepPe„ c Place the turtle upside down on and dark meat, some more tender than Thicken with flour and add one J( > papers and with the thin blade scrape others. The differences add variety strained tomatoes, if desired. I"0j u the undershell and legs well. Then and offer the unique taste found in sherry may be added to indivio with the heavy-bladed knife cut genuine snapper soup. taSte around the shell, using the scissors to There are advocates for two slightly - , „it* However you decide to deal ^ t sever at those bony, gristly junctions. different methods of making snapper re Pulling the bottom shell open by soup. The first way involves simmering this delicacy, you should have g removing the upper shell will now the turtle meat and herbs in a bouillon success. Now if you let that next Sffivvil " expose the meat and innards. Gut the with two stalks of celery, two carrots per get away, you know what you miss. % 24 PENNSYLVANIA AN G L 1 Scalding the turtle calls for plenty of boiling water. Still dripping, the turtle heads for the butcher block.

s°rape the undershell and legs to remove horny skin. A very sharp, sturdy knife eases cutting around shell.

Se great care cutting around the reptile's anal area. A platter of snapper meat — ready for the cooking pot.

A R C H - 1 9 8 0 25 when you consider what proportion oI On the lighter side — the fish population is made up of uS ordinary fish, you can see that we o° A Fish is a Fish is a Fish ... not get a proportionate share of attefl' tion. And this isn't fair and doesn' by Leo A. Bressler make sense. Let's look at a few facts about fislj in general. We all live in water, we a' A've noticed that practically all catfish or any other fish. I've seen breathe through gills, and we all have people think that discrimination whole issues of magazines devoted to to scrounge for food. We all have wha against human beings is a bad thing — trout or bass, not even a word about a they call instincts, which take care of at least that is what they preach in catfish or any other fish. They wear keeping the population going and keep public. And laws have been passed to out a thesaurus in a short time looking us from getting caught too easily' end discrimination based on every­ for fancy words to describe the beauty Perhaps some of us aren't quite aS thing from race, color, and creed to sex of a brook trout or to tell what a smart or as handsome as others, bu and homosexuality. I expect that any spectacular sight a smallmouth bass we can't help that. Nor can we help day now someone will appeal for legis­ made as he leaped out of the water. the fact that some of us are bonier and lation to prevent discrimination be­ They even use pet names for these fish, don't taste as good as certain othe> cause of color of hair or length of such as "brookie" or "bronzeback." fish. All of us try to avoid being foole" nose! Me. .. ? When they mention me at by fishermen, and when we are fooled' All this social consciousness is fine. all, it's just plain catfish or "mud cat." we fight as hard as we can to get a way- What troubles me is that no one has It's not just trout and smallmouth After all, fish don't fight to provide j thought to speak out against discrimi­ bass that are put on a pedestal by these thrill for the fisherman; all they wafl' nation directed against fish. Of all writers. Lately they've been giving an to do is to survive. creatures, fish are discriminated awful lot of attention to the large- So, is there any reason why peop'jj against to a greater extent than any mouth bass. And, of course, the brown should sing the praises of some 6« other category of living things, and I trout and the rainbow have reams and ignore others? I think not. As W>" thought it was time that someone did written about them, telling how smart Shakespeare put it, "If you prick uS' something about it. they are and what a battle they put up. do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do Ve I asked some of my friends to write Then there's the salmon. It used to be not laugh? If you poison us, do we n° an article for the Angler, but they all that only those who wrote about fish­ die?" refused. Salmo Salar, my salmon ing in Canada, New England or some To be a little more specific, let \ friend, said he had to save all his foreign country had anything to say take a look at me. I'm not much to loolj energy for the spawning season. Dolly about salmon, but now he's getting a at, but I do the best I can with what Varden said this was no job for a lady. big play in Pennsylvania. have. I keep my barbules clean. 1 ^ Esox Masquinongy, a particularly Finally, there's the muskellunge. smart enough not to have fallen for tl1 literate fellow, said he had a lot of These writers actually describe the feathers and hardware that fisherm^ sulking to do and couldn't be bothered. muskellunge as if he were human. throw around, and if I ever do grab And so it went with all the others, so They say he goes on a feeding spree, he hook by mistake, you can bet your IBS that if the job is to be done, I'll have to sulks, and he is wary. Another thing I'll fight like the devil to get away- doit. that gets my goat is that trout, bass, I'm caught, I'll do my best to ram °fl u Now, I'm just a catfish, a mud cat and muskellunge are always called of my spines into your hand (no tro 1 at that, but I do keep my beedy little "lunkers." When one of these fish tries or bass can do that!), and if you get n eyes open — and I have feelings. And to get away, he is said to "fight to the dinner table, you'll find that let me tell you, what I have seen in the valiantly." Brown trout are always provide a delicious boneless hunk ° way of discrimination against fish "wise" and "old" and all trout "spook" meat. _ , would make anyone cry. Take the easily. You'd think other fish never got And what credit do I get for all thlS| matter of stocking fish. We have trout big enough to be called lunkers, that Well, first of all, they give me a slfll hatcheries all over the place, but did they never tried to get away from the name — catfish! I have absolute') you ever hear of a fallfish hatchery or fisherman, and that they were all nothing in common with a cat, unles a sucker hatchery? Do you think that stupid. Let me tell you something: you're stupid enough to think that n1* fishermen would follow a truck filled anyone who falls for a bunch of feath­ barbules look like a cat's whiske^ with carp the way they follow one ers or a piece of hardware and ends up There's no pet name for me, air d containing trout? The only time some in the frying pay as often as these fish generally I'm associated with a 1°^ of us get to ride in a truck is when do can't be very much smarter or class type of fishing done with a cai1 pollution has killed a bunch of us and stronger than I! pole. When some writers condesce" c they have to cart us away! Perhaps I'm too sensitive, but I to do a piece about catfish (whi Probably the ones who discriminate resent the fact that a few fish get all rarely happens), they write about m i cousin the channel cat or about tha most against certain fish are those who the attention and the rest of us are s write outdoor columns or articles for practically ignored. I know that once big lummox, the Mississippi catn sporting magazines. Just look at all the in a while you'll see an article about This is rank discrimination. attention they pay to trout or suckers, or carp, or catfish, and the My little friends, the sunfish, suffe \ bass . .. hardly ever a word about a walleye gets a little more publicity, but from an insulting kind of discrimi11

26 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE H 'on. People do write about them occa­ eating the eggs of gamefish and up the trout stream. He is generally sionally, but in a kind of partronizing remove him from water where the recognized only for being too bony to av- They call some sunfish "punkin "elite" fish live. They make awful eat, hardly a desirable distinction. Yet m •" Can you imagine how that jokes about him, such as providing a he has a real distinction: he is the . | hurt, being compared to an ugly detailed recipe for carefully preparing watery harbinger of spring, the first ° J* seed? Some are called "blue- him for the table on a hickory board fish to be moved to activity by the faint j ,s>" as though they were choking to and then throwing him away and intimations of the change of season. eath ~Thi s is sheer ignorance. Their eating the board. No one gives him Thus he provides real sport for some of gills are red, like those of an other fish. credit for being a peaceful fellow and a the less snobbish fishermen. He will Th, ,c most degrading thing that is done good parent who raises large families fight as hard as he can, and, properly . sUnfish is representing them as "the of fat children. Nobody makes a fuss prepared, his meat is delicate and about the fact that carp grow into succulent. And he's no dummy, either. rod fish'" When there is a fishing i . eo for youngsters, it's usually held much larger lunkers than trout or bass He can strip a worm off a hook more 0me on< swarrmn w or that they will break lines that no handily than most other fish. Some­ su fi P ^ S 'th trout or bass in Pennsylvania could times he will play a tantalizing game Co0 Have you ever seen grownups m possibly break. Only a few people are with the angler, tentatively mouthing y Peting in a sunfish rodeo? Not on aware that he is the source of delicious the bait with so soft a touch that the I Ur life! When they want to show lr gefilte fish. Despised and ignored, he line barely moves. Meanwhile, the . fishing prowess, they go after has every reason for developing an fisherman is left to guess when to L *In expensive specially constructed ats inferiority complex. strike, and often he guesses wrong. t, . using the fanciest tackle and all hires they can buy. How do you Perhaps saddest of all is the lot of Does a trout or bass ever keep him that makes a sunfish feel? It's the sucker. Have you ever noticed the guessing this way? i °ut time somebody took notice of doleful expression on his face, the I could go on to name other fish that pretty a sunfish is, how much sorrowful eyes and glum-looking are victims of discrimination •— rock mouth? If you had to endure his life, bass, fallfish, perch, pickerel, etc. — bod^86 and fight there is in his little o y> and how sweet and tender his you'd look the same way. Except for but I hope I have made my point. It's «esh is! one or two months in the spring, he's time that people realized that a fish is Th nen not only ignored but detested. Some a fish — and nothing more. Like p there is my friend the carp. early spring trout fishermen will catch people, fish can't help being what they so ^ fellow> he's been subjected to all s him and leave him on the bank to are; and, like people, all fish should be <.. of indignities. They call him a suffocate — one less sucker to clutter treated as equals. rash fish." They accuse him of FLY TYING

tiniest of Caenis spinners — pale °' hue and not more than '/8" in body Little Flies and big Trout length or wing height. In the moofl' light one could see the silvery forms°' trout lying just under the surfac^ tipping up rythmically to sip theif nighttime snack. Fishing a size #28, >' would have been a difficult situation W broad daylight; but at night, next to impossible — at least for us mef6 mortals. That was nearly twenty yeafS ago and I can still remember the elation I felt when I left the stream <% even though I hadn't landed a singl6 trout — at having been on hand for a" hour of such frantic feeding. Baetis duns, unlike the little Caefli8 spinners, have the good manners | appear during daylight hours aHd trout are especially fond of thCf Often called the Little Olives, Baet's species range in size from #18 to #24' ve Good Baetis water on Falling Springs. They generally have greenish-oli bodies and dun-colored wings —some' times quite dark — and their two tai's by Chauncy K. Lively photos by the author are pale, as are their legs. While rrK^ mayflies complete their life cycle in, single year — and a few species, in 6 Ev^ver y mayfly hatch has its own est of rods, finely tapered leaders and two years — three broods of Baetis af carefully crafted flies dressed on tiny produced in two years, offering tP particular brand of charm but those 6 hooks. It is an aesthetic experience to possibility of two separate emergen^ that delight most are the hatches 6 inspire the poet's pen, and the success­ of a single species within a year's tirfl ' which affect trout in special ways. The 2 ful conquest of an old warrior with In streams containing several sped sound of a steady slurp . . . slurp . . . a slurp, heard in the half-light of even­ such gear leaves one with a feeling of the appearance of Baetis may occur ing when Coffin Fly spinners are on euphoria; heady stuff, not unlike the various times throughout the season- j the water, is a heart-skipping experi­ afterglow from sipping fine wine. The Palmer Baetis Dun is one

Left — Clamp a dry fly hook (#18 to #25) in vise and bind fine, olive thread to shank at bend. For tails, tie in two pale muskrat guard hairs, equal to length of shank. Wind thread forward over tail butts %rds length of shank and half-hitch.

Right — For wings, cut matching quill sections from right and left starling or duck flight feathers. Place the two sections back to back and tie in, wet fly style. Trim off butts behind eye.

Left — Pull wings upright and make a turn of thread around base to secure. Separate wings with bodkin point and apply thin vinyl cement to inside surfaces. Then select two pale dun hackles with barbules no longer than twice the hook gap. Tie in hackles in front of wings, on edge, at right angles to shank and with glossy sides facing bend. Wind thread forward to just behind eye.

Right — Wax a few inches of thread next to the hook and apply a thin dubbing of olive fur or synthetic. Wind dubbing from right to left to form a tapered body ending at base of tails.

Left — Wind rear hackle in spaced turns back to base of tails and tie >-. off. Then wind front hackle, following path of first, and tie off. Trim excess hackle tips. Whip-finish thread around hook bend underneath base of tails and trim thread. With fine- pointed scissors trim a wide, inverted V from underside of hackle. Finally, apply lacquer to finish wind­ ings.

Right — The completed Palmer Baetis Dun. A pollution of this nature can be very serious, so I dropped everything and wen' to the construction site to conduct an inveS' tigation. I arrived to discover that they •H^J were indeed pumping into the creek; however, field tests showed that the water NOTES ^M /5fe stmmtA- was slightly alkaline and not acidic. I *aS relieved, and for that matter, so was the foreman, but I got the impression tha' some of the workers were a little apprehef' HERE WE GO — AGAIN! TELEPATHY OF SORTS? sive when I first arrived and got out of my state car. I couldn't help but overhear the A man approached me in a local store Recently, after reading the announce­ comment, "Oh no, here comes the B*" and asked, "What do you hear about ment for testing of candidates for the next News Bears." studs?" "Studs who?" I inquired. "Studs class of waterways patrolmen, I dug out some old notebooks of mine. As I leafed Barry Pollock in winter tires," he answered. "Oh! You Waterways Patrolm^ better check with the state police," I through them I found a report I had writ­ ten on "A Career as a Fish Warden." It E. Allegheny County advised. To this the man exclaimed, "Oh! sounded very much like the job description You're not a state policeman — you're published with the aforementioned an­ Fish Commission!" Without a pause, he nouncement. The date on it was 1960; I continued, "There's this bear down at my was in sixth grade then; I guess I made it! "TO BE COMMENDED ..." place and blah, blah, blah!" Robert Lynn Steiner We at the Pennsylvania Fish Commis' Don Parrish Waterways Patrolman sion's Oswayo Fish Cultural Station* Waterways Patrolman S/Luzerne County would like to express our thanks to the McKean County general public and to the many sportsmen who visit this facility. We especially woUW 6 "BAD NEWS BEARS" like to thank these wonderful people for tb respect they have for public property IS IT IN THEIR GENES? I received a message from the regional There are days we have many visitors and 1 have personally checked our rest rooms* In years past I have tried to post the office stating that a private contractor had dug into some abandoned mine workings visitors' center, and raceway area outside' more vulnerable areas where littering and was presently pumping acid water into If I had not personally seen these people j occurs. It seems that the more you post the a small stream. The caller stated that this would not have known they had bee" more they litter! Maybe we are wasting had been going on for some time and that around because of the immaculate condi' posters and time trying to remind the slobs we had better check on it right away before tion all these facilities were left in. No p"P to break their bad habits. Heavily fining everything in the creek was killed. bottles lying around. the violators only seems to slow the prob­ lem down for a while. Stanley G. Hastings Waterwater Patrolman Charles C. Baker, of Milton, took Cameron County the lead, for the time being, in the quest for Lake Raystown's largest striped bass. His catch, a 3 ROUND AND ROUND . . . 33 /4-inch, 15-pound 14-ouncer, is the standing State Record for The following was related to me by the species. There are many Deputy Waterways Patrolman Drey. On Raystown regulars who feel that routine patrol of Ontelaunee Lake, Deputy record will fall this year. Drey contacted an elderly man fishing for bluegills on the opening week of trout season. Deputy Drey asked the man why he wasn't fishing for trout since this was opening week and many trout were stocked. The fisherman's reply was that when the Commission stock trout they are sick and he waits until they get well after being in the stream for a while. Asked what sickness they have, the reply was, "They have 'circle sickness' from being in those pens for so long and all they do is swim around in circles after being stocked."

Ammon F. Ziegenfus Waterways Patrolman Berks County

30 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE In the last five years, only one person To avoid any future confusion in this twelve inches in the air . . . they were also Scratched "Ron" on a metal rest room regard, it should be stated that although being fanned by the fast forward motion of Panel. I believe the public is to be the Pennsylvania Fish Commission does the boat. To top it all, I do not think the c°mmended for their care in using this float boats and does float stock, we do not operator was pleased when I explained that 'acility and I am confident they will have the time or the capital to float loans! he should not continue his "cookout" while c°ntinue to be outstanding citizens. If you in motion, as rough as the water was due to are one of the many people who have Barry Pollock other boating activity. It was still a very V|sited the Oswayo Fish Cultural Station Waterways Patrolman dangerous practice, even while at anchor. ln Potter County, our many thanks to you. E. Allegheny County Claude M. Neifert D. Ray Merriman, Waterways Patrolman Superintendent N/Luzerne County Oswayo Fish Cultural Station BLUE MARSH, BLUE MARSH

Ninety-five percent of all phone calls YOU COULD SAY THAT! and questions or comments received this NEW MONICKER! year concerned an interest in Blue Marsh. While presenting a boating and water This may aid to answer the following ques­ safety program to a group of college It is obvious that the energy crisis is one tions: students, the discussion led to the topic of the major topics of conversation in our What kind and how many fish were boating accident fatalities. During an country these days. Some people must stocked? Fish stocked in Blue Marsh in involved exchange of ideas centering h'nk of nothing else, particularly the 1979 totaled 534,500, consisting of 400,- around the subject, one of the students 000 largemouth bass fry, 25,000 walleye °man who called my residence recently asked quite seriously if there were a an fingerling, 15,000 black crappie fingerling, j, **>' from 'such-and-such' street in Berks County gathered from the shores of Shenango Lake between Memorial Day and Labor _ sburgh I'm moving out of my apart- nt Day, 1979 by J. Allan Morris, of Transfer, tr because I can't pay the rent, the °nlvSmiss'on just went out of my car and I PA. The total weight of this collection was y have a little over two dollars in my RISKY! 8'/2 lbs. a J?*1- My wife and I both work but I need Fishermen who discard their line in this f( assistance until I get back on my While on patrol on Harvey's Lake I manner certainly can't be sportsmen. The eet. I sUu Was t0'd vou help people like me in observed a medium sized motorboat pass­ line is hard on motors, hard on wildlife, ing me and after taking a second look, this and takes a long time before it deteriorates lhatatvnS like this-" After l determined tjj. p. s man was sincere, I told him what is what I saw. A woman was steadying a and disappears. S I toi J Commission was and what we did. charcoal grill which apparently had been Walter G. Lazusky, Supervisor *'thhhim that altnough I sympathized lighted just a short time ago. The starter I could not help him financially. fluid was causing flames to rise ten to Northwest Region H Uc H 19 8 0 31 THE ANGLER'S NOTEBOOK by Richard F. Williamson

FISH FACT: A fish constantly searches Coil a couple of feet of line in one hand Bucktails and streamers, which imitate for food. Trout, for example, feed when­ while false casting with the other. On the minnows, are top lures for crappies and ever there is an abundance of food avail­ final cast release the coiled line. It will slip perch. able. Others, such as bass and pickerel, out through the guides and make it easier may rest between heavy feedings, but they to make long casts when necessary. Keep fishing for a trout as long as i1 are still interested when a tasty morsel continues rising to take food from the comes within their range. surface. The continuing rises are sure indi­ cations that your angling has not fright­ Let a wet fly drift with the stream ened the fish. current, and do not try to put some action in the fly until it reaches the end of the float. Then the fly can be "worked" with Plan in daylight for a night stream fish' very light twitches of the rod and an occa­ ing trip. Locate the best fishing spots and sional draw of a foot or so as the line is any dangerous places like drop-offs and reeled in. deep holes. Select spots where you will have enough room for necessary back casts in using surface lures, and determine the Changing flies frequently during a day's force of the cast necessary to reach any fishing in time shortens the tip of the desired location in the water. All of these leader. If delicate casts are required, it preparations are difficult, and often impos­ pays to tie a new tippet on the leader. sible, in the dark. Carry your trout flies in proper contain­ e ers. A box with spring or clips is finefo r Short casts are good enough much of th wet flies, nymphs or streamers, but a box time. They can be made with greater accu­ with compartments, where the hackles, racy, cover a lot more water, and put a lure wings and tail will be loose and not into the water with less disturbance tha" crushed, is proper for dry flies. Fish spend very little time in shallow would be possible with a very long cast. water that does not provide cover and rest­ A yard or so of fast water just above a ing and feeding places, Big fish, especially, small dam in a stream often holds trout. To take up stations where they have protection Be patient. Give every bit of fishy looking fish it, cast a streamer or bucktail to the (weeds, stumps, rocks) and a good supply water a fair trial. very edge of the waterfall and work it back of minnows and other natural food such as with erratic motion to make it look like a minnows and other small fish. Shorelines are hot spots in streams when minnow desperately trying to keep from water is rising as the result of a heavy rain- being swept over the falls. Try this rig for wet fly angling. Tie a Fish instinctly know that the rain and the streamer to the end of the leader and one rising water wash insects and other food of A dead bait suspended in the water under or two wet flies in tippets about a foot the shores and the vegetation along the a bobber will not catch fish. The bait must apart above the streamer. banks. be alive and active. Color is not important in bass surface Weeds and stumps along shores of lake8 Jigs are usually dressed with bucktail lures fished at night. The bass strike at the and ponds are great fishing spots. But. and/or marabou, but they are not the only shape and the action, rather than the color approach them cautiously (no motor- effective materials. Strips of mylar tinsel of the lure being used. please!), and fish quietly and as far away and thin rubberbands tied in as legs also from the target as you can comfortably and- add action and glitter to a jig. Bivisible flies are excellent for a number accurately cast. of reasons. They float high even on rough water on which it would be impossible to float a conventional dry fly. They attract trout that are not feeding on a hatch, and they are easy for the angler to see.

Live minnows are better than those preserved in jars. The material that preserves the minnows may give the bait a taste that fish dislike because it is unfamil­ iar to them.

A rough or rusted rod guide is not the only menace to monofilament line. A rusty eyelet on a lure also can weaken the knot by which the line is attached.

32 PENNSYLVANIA ANGLE" PENNSYLVANIA FISH COMMISSION DIRECTORY State Headquarters: 3532 Walnut Street, Progress, Pa. (Mailing Address: PO Box 1673, Harrisburg, Pa. 17120) EXECUTIVE OFFICE Ralph W. Abele, Executive Director ^ist a, H Attorney General Administrative Assistant Comptroller Dennis T. Guise Howard T. Hardie Ross E. Starner Office of Information Willard T. Johns, Director 717-787-2579 S>•Ny «r,a,io n Education, Stephen B. Ulsh.. .717-787-7394 Pennsylvania Angler, James F. Yoder, Editor.. .717-787-2411 al Publications, Larry Shaffer .717-787-7394 Angler Circulation, Eleanor Mutch .717-787-2363 BUREAU OF FISHERIES & ENGINEERING Edward R. Miller, P.E., Assistant Executive Director Robinson Lane, Bellefonte, Pa. 16823 Tel. 814-359-2754* (•Unless otherwise indicated, all offices within this bureau may be reached at this same address and telephone number.) Fred W. Johnson, Water Resources Coordinator 717-783-2808 (Office at State Headquarters, 3532 Walnut Street, Progress, Pa.) Dennis Richer, Administrative Officer* FISHERIES DIVISION*

T Delano Graff, Chief '0Ut p ""•lln, Ctlon Section, Ken Corl, Chief Fisheries Management Section, Robert Hesser, Chief* &0j ,. 8,8r Production Section, Shyrl Hood, Chief. 814-f Research Section, Vincent Mudrak, Chief 814-355-4837 F L ne 'Sr,9r,'' ' sville. Pa. 16424 Banner Spring Fish Research Station, Box 200-C, Bellefonte, Pa. 16823 ' ** Environmental Services Branch, Jack Miller, Chief* Cooperative Nursery Branch, Paul Byers, Chief FISH CULTURAL STATIONS V* NTE, William Hoover, Superintendent 814-355-4159 LINESVILLE, Charles Sanderson, Superintendent 814-683-4451 Box = SN 30. Bellefonte, Pa. 16823 Box 127, Linesville, Pa. 16424 e :t ftD 1" ' ^RING, William Kennedy, Superintendent 814-355-4837 OSWAYO, D. Ray Merriman, Superintendent 814-698-2001 Bo. •to S°0C, Bellefonte. Pa. 16823 RD 2, Box 84, Coudersport, Pa. 16915 NG -u<3 ' Eugene J. Rozaieski, Acting Superintendent 717-776-3170 PLEASANT GAP, John Bair, Superintendent 814-359-2754 Co- ' RD 4- Newville, Pa. 17241 Robinson Lane, Bellefonte. Pa. 16823

c UN| ! orrv " ON CITY, Tom L. Clark, Superintendent 814-664-2122 PLEASANT MOUNT, Zenas Bean. Superintendent 717-448-2101 ', W '6407 Pleasant Mount. Pa. 18453 , "VIEW ., °00L Shea. Superintendent 814-474-1514 REYNOLDSDALE, Ralph Berkey. Superintendent 814-839-2211 HUii. °hr6r Road- pO. Box 531, Fairview. Pa. 16415 New Paris, Pa. 15554 ALE, Ted Dingle, Superintendent 717-486-3419 TIONESTA, Charles Mann, Superintendent 814-755-3524 "393, RD S, Carlisle. Pa. 17013 Tionesta, Pa. 16353 ENGINEERING DIVISION* (Vacant) Chief Construction A Maintenance Section, Eugene Smith, Chief* Architectural & Engineering Section, K. Ronald Weis, Chief* BUREAU OF WATERWAYS Gene Sporl, Assistant Executive Director 717-787-2192 X Sin>mons, Administrative Officer 717-787-2192 Virgil Chambers, Boating Education 717-787-7684 LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION BOAT REGISTRATION/MARINE SERVICES DIVISION

%"U . B 'a*9r,i «ck, Chief 717-787-2350 Paul Martin, Chief 717-787-3042 Manhart, Deputy Chief 717-787-2350 Joseph Greene, Marine Services 717-787-3042 Betty Stroud, Boat Registrations 717-787-4480

REGIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICES :>EsTl Walter G. Lazusky, Supervisor 814-437-5774 SOUTHWEST, Thomas F. Qualters, Supervisor 814-445-8974 s 1281 Otter St., Franklin, Pa. 16323 Mailing Address RD 2, Somerset, Pa. 15501 "ion"" "t* *** 1281 Otter St.. Franklin, Pa. 16323 Location On Lake Somerset, Somerset, Pa. ANTRAL,. Paul F. Swanson. Supervisor 717-748-5396 SOUTHCENTRAL, Richard Owens, Supervisor 717-436-2117

>Addr; Box 688, Lock Haven, Pa. 17745 Mailing Address RD 3. Box 109, Mifflintown. Pa. 17059 •"^t">ni . 129 Woodward Ave. {Dunnstown) Lock Haven, Pa. Location On Route 22, 3 miles west of Mifflintown, Pa. AST, s'''HA'IT"'V 018'' FleeQer' Supervisor 717-477-5717 SOUTHEAST, Norman W. Sickles, Supervisor 717-626-0228 >c dress ati0n Box 88. Sweet Valley, Pa. 18656 Mailing Address Box 6, Elm, Pa. 17521 , On Harris Pond, Sweet Valley, Pa. Location On Speedwell Forge Lake on Brubaker Valley Road BUREAU OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES (State Headquarters)

"el 4 Paul F. O'Brien, Director 96| Employment, Leon D. Boncarosky 717-787-7057 License Section, Mary Stine 717-787-6237 .„An, ai "" Esta7'ySI' Vincent Reliant 717-787-2599 Federal Aid Coordinator, Glen C. Reed 717-787-6391 6 Jonn "">hasin ' Hoffman 717-787-6376 Office Services Supervisor, Chester Peyton 717-787-2363 0 (Harrisburg), Avyril Richardson 717-787-2732 Purchasing (Bellefonte), Dennis Shultz 814-359-2754 A word to the wise should be sufficient ... but is it?