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By Martin Sturmer First Published by Ndanda Mission Press 1998 ISBN 9976 63 592 3 Revised Edition 2008 Document Provided by Afrika.Info
THE MEDIA HISTORY OF TANZANIA by Martin Sturmer first published by Ndanda Mission Press 1998 ISBN 9976 63 592 3 revised edition 2008 document provided by afrika.info I Preface The media industry in Tanzania has gone through four major phases. There were the German colonial media established to serve communication interests (and needs) of the German administration. By the same time, missionaries tried to fulfil their tasks by editing a number of papers. There were the media of the British administration established as propaganda tool to support the colonial regime, and later the nationalists’ media established to agitate for self-governance and respect for human rights. There was the post colonial phase where the then socialist regime of independent Tanzania sought to „Tanzanianize“ the media - the aim being to curb opposition and foster development of socialistic principles. There was the transition phase where both economic and political changes world-wide had necessitated change in the operation of the media industry. This is the phase when a private and independent press was established in Tanzania. Martin Sturmer goes through all these phases and comprehensively brings together what we have not had in Tanzania before: A researched work of the whole media history in Tanzania. Understanding media history in any society is - in itself - understanding a society’s political, economic and social history. It is due to this fact then, that we in Tanzania - particularly in the media industry - find it plausible to have such a work at this material time. This publication will be very helpful especially to students of journalism, media organs, university scholars, various researchers and even the general public. -
I Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Academic Year 2015
Ghent University Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Academic year 2015/2016 Ethnicity, Voting and the Promises of the Independence Movement in Tanzania: The Case of the 2010 General Elections in Mwanza Mrisho Mbegu Malipula Dissertation presented in the fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Comparative Science of Culture Promoter: Prof. Dr. Koenraad Stroeken i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This dissertation is the result of research work I embarked upon since December 2011 when I secured registration at Ghent University to pursue PhD studies. The dissertation could not have been completed without constructive contributions of many individuals and institutions with whom I interacted in the course of my scholarly endeavour. Space does not allow me to thank by name the many individuals who contributed to the making of this dissertation. To all of them, I wish to express with great humility my heartfelt gratitude for their academic, material and moral support. However, there are always a few people, who because of their extraordinary contribution must be acknowledged by name. Given the limitation of space, I hope I will be forgiven for mentioning a few individuals and institutions whose support both academic and otherwise contributed immensely to the completion of this challenging task. First and foremost, sincere gratitude is extended to my Promoter Prof. Dr. Koenraad Stroeken to whom I am indebted for much of my intellectual understanding of the scholarly field of ethnicity and voting. Koenraad’s encouragement, patience, genuine criticism and guidance throughout my long research journey made this dissertation take the shape and content that it has. His critical, detached and steady leadership has taught me a great deal in the academic world and for this I am highly indebted to him. -
Tarehe 6 Agosti, 2012 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa T
Hii ni Nakala ya Mtandao (Online Document) MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _____________ MKUTANO WA NANE Kikao cha Arobaini na Moja – Tarehe 6 Agosti, 2012 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) DUA Spika (Mhe. Anne S. Makinda) Alisoma Dua HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI: Hati zifuatazo ziliwasilishwa Mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA WAZIRI MKUU, TAWALA ZA MIKOA NA SERIKALI ZA MITAA(TAMISEMI): Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu zilizokaguliwa za Mradi wa Mabasi yaendayo Haraka (DART) kwa mwaka ulioshia tarehe 30 Juni, 2011 (The Annual Report and Audited Accounts of Dar es Salaam Rapid Transit for the year Ended 30th June, 2011. NAIBU WAZIRI, WIZARA YA KAZI NA AJIRA: Randama za Makadirio ya Mapato na Matumizi ya Wizara ya Kazi na Ajira kwa Mwaka wa Fedha, 2012/2013. NAIBU WAZIRI, WIZARA YA MAMBO YA NJE NA USHIRIKIANO WA KIMATAIFA: Hotuba ya Makadirio na Mapato na Matumizi ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa kwa Mwaka wa Fedha, 2012/2013. MHE. BETTY E. MACHANGU (K.n.y. MWENYEKITI WA KAMATI YA MAMBO YA NJE, ULINZI NA USALAMA): Taarifa ya Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Mambo ya Nje, Ulinzi na Usalama kuhusu utekelezaji wa Majukumu ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa kwa mwaka 2011/2012 pamoja na maoni ya Kamati kuhusu Makadirio ya Mapato na Matumizi ya Wizara hiyo kwa Mwaka wa Fedha, 2012/2013. MHE. RAYA IBRAHIM KHAMIS (K.n.y. MSEMAJI MKUU WA KAMBI YA UPINZANI KUHUSU WIZARA YA MAMBO YA NJE NA USHIRIKIANO WA KIMATAIFA): Taarifa ya Msemaji Mkuu wa Kambi ya Upinzani Juu ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa kuhusu Makadirio ya Mapato na Matumizi ya Wizara hiyo kwa Mwaka wa Fedha, 2012/2013. -
Knowledge, Renewal and Religion Repositioning and Changing Ideological and Material Circumstances Among the Swahili on the East African Coast
Knowledge, Renewal and Religion Repositioning and changing ideological and material circumstances among the Swahili on the East African Coast Edited by Kjersti Larsen NORDISKA AFRIKAINSTITUTET, UPPsala 2009 ¨ Indexing terms: Indigenous knowledge Traditional culture Social anthropology Cultural anthropology Cultural identity Islam Social change Modernization Social History Cover photo: Kjersti Larsen Two ‘walimu’ in Vikotoni area, Zanzibar Town, on their way to read the Qur’an to someone who is ill. Language checking: Elaine Almén Index: Rohan Bolton ISBN 978-91-7106-635-0 © The authors and Nordiska Afrikainstitutet 2009 Contents Glossary ............................................................................................... 5 Preface ................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 1. Introduction Kjersti Larsen ................................................................... 11 Chapter 2. Kilwa and the Swahili Towns: Reflections from an Archaeological Perspective Felix Chami ..................................................................... 38 Chapter 3. Towards a Paradigm of Swahili Religious Knowledge: Some Observations Farouk Topan .................................................................. 57 Chapter 4. Royal Ancestors and Social Change in the Majunga Area: Northwest Madagascar 19th–20th Centuries Marie Pierre Ballarin ....................................................... 69 Chapter 5. Societal Change and Swahili Spirit Possession Linda L. Giles ................................................................. -
Tanzania Comoros
COUNTRY REPORT Tanzania Comoros 3rd quarter 1997 The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent Street, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders. For over 50 years it has been a source of information on business developments, economic and political trends, government regulations and corporate practice worldwide. The EIU delivers its information in four ways: through subscription products ranging from newsletters to annual reference works; through specific research reports, whether for general release or for particular clients; through electronic publishing; and by organising conferences and roundtables. The firm is a member of The Economist Group. London New York Hong Kong The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent Street The Economist Building 25/F, Dah Sing Financial Centre London 111 West 57th Street 108 Gloucester Road SW1Y 4LR New York Wanchai United Kingdom NY 10019, USA Hong Kong Tel: (44.171) 830 1000 Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Tel: (852) 2802 7288 Fax: (44.171) 499 9767 Fax: (1.212) 586 1181/2 Fax: (852) 2802 7638 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.eiu.com Electronic delivery EIU Electronic Publishing New York: Lou Celi or Lisa Hennessey Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Fax: (1.212) 586 0248 London: Moya Veitch Tel: (44.171) 830 1007 Fax: (44.171) 830 1023 This publication is available on the following electronic and other media: Online databases CD-ROM Microfilm FT Profile (UK) Knight-Ridder Information World Microfilms Publications (UK) Tel: (44.171) 825 8000 Inc (USA) Tel: (44.171) 266 2202 DIALOG (USA) SilverPlatter (USA) Tel: (1.415) 254 7000 LEXIS-NEXIS (USA) Tel: (1.800) 227 4908 M.A.I.D/Profound (UK) Tel: (44.171) 930 6900 Copyright © 1997 The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited. -
MKUTANO WA KUMI NA SITA Kikao Cha Nane
Hii ni Nakala ya Mtandao (Online Document) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ____________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _____________ MKUTANO WA KUMI NA SITA Kikao cha Nane - Tarehe 18 Juni, 2004 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Pius Msekwa) Alisoma Dua HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati zifuatazo ziliwasilishwa Mezani na:- WAZIRI WA KILIMO NA CHAKULA: Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu za Bodi Ya Tumbaku kwa Mwaka unaoishia Tarehe 31 Machi, 2003 (The Annual Report and Accounts of the Tanzania Tobacco Board for the Year ended 31st March, 2003). Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu zilizokaguliwa za Bodi ya Pamba na Mbegu kwa Mwaka Ulioishia tarehe 30 Juni, 2003 (The Annual Report and Audited Accounts of the Tanzania Cotton Lint and Seed Board for the Year ended 30th June, 2003). MASWALI NA MAJIBU Na. 69 Mabaraza ya Ardhi Vijijini MHE. LEKULE M. LAIZER aliuliza:- Kwa kuwa katika utaratibu wa ardhi ya Vijiji, kila Kijiji kinatakiwa kuunda Mabaraza ya Ardhi kwa ajili ya kusuluhisha migogoro ya ardhi Vijijini na kwa kuwa migogoro ya ardhi ilikuwepo kila mara hata kabla ya kutungwa kwa Sheria ya Ardhi Vijijini:- (a) Je, Serikali haioni kwamba imechelewa kuanzisha Mabaraza hayo? 1 (b) Je, Serikali itakuwa tayari kuwaelimisha wananchi juu ya jambo hilo ili utekelezaji wake uanze kuliko kuyaacha mambo hayo kwenye maandishi tu? NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA RAIS, TAWALA ZA MIKOA NA SERIKALI ZA MITAA alijibu:- Mheshimiwa Spika, naomba kujibu swali la Mheshimiwa Lekule Michael Laizer, Mbunge wa Longido, lenye sehemu (a) na (b) kama ifuatavyo:- (a) Mheshimiwa Spika, uamuzi wa kuanzisha Mabaraza ya Ardhi ya Vijiji ulitokana na Sheria ya Ardhi ya Vijiji Na. -
The Media History of Tanzania
I Preface The media industry in Tanzania has gone through four major phases. There were the German colonial media established to serve communication interests (and needs) of the German administration. By the same time, missionaries tried to fulfil their tasks by editing a number of papers. There were the media of the British administration established as propaganda tool to support the colonial regime, and later the nationalists’ media established to agitate for self-governance and respect for human rights. There was the post colonial phase where the then socialist regime of independent Tanzania sought to „Tanzanianize“ the media - the aim being to curb opposition and foster development of socialistic principles. There was the transition phase where both economic and political changes world-wide had necessitated change in the operation of the media industry. This is the phase when a private and independent press was established in Tanzania. Martin Sturmer goes through all these phases and comprehensively brings together what we have not had in Tanzania before: A researched work of the whole media history in Tanzania. Understanding media history in any society is - in itself - understanding a society’s political, economic and social history. It is due to this fact then, that we in Tanzania - particularly in the media industry - find it plausible to have such a work at this material time. This publication will be very helpful especially to students of journalism, media organs, university scholars, various researchers and even the general public. Although various studies had been carried out by Tanzanian scholars about media history, they were not as vast in scope, rich in content and analytic in nature as this one. -
1 Bunge La Tanzania
Hii ni Nakala ya Mtandao (Online Document) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ____________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE ____________ MKUTANO WA ISHIRINI Kikao cha Ishirini – Tarehe 4 Julai, 2005 (Mkutano Ulianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) DUA Spika (Mhe. Pius Msekwa) Alisoma Dua HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati Zifuatazo ziliwasilishwa Mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI WA FEDHA (MHE. ABDISALAAM ISSA KHATIBU): Taarifa ya Mwaka ya Chuo cha Usimamizi wa Fedha kwa Mwaka 2003/2004 (The Annual Report of the Institute of Finance Management for the Year 2003/2004) Taarifa ya Mwaka na Hesabu za Mfuko wa Ukusanyaji Madeni Sugu ya Mashirika ya Umma kwa Mwaka ulioishia tarehe 30 June, 2004 (The Annual Report and Accounts of the Loans and Advancers Realization Trust for the year ended 30th June, 2004) NAIBU WAZIRI WIZARA YA MAENDELEO YA JAMII, JINSIA NA WATOTO : Hotuba ya Bajeti ya Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Jamii, Jinsia na Watoto kwa Mwaka wa Fedha 2005/2006. MHE. SOPHIA M. SIMBA – MWENYEKITI KAMATI YA MAENDELEO YA JAMII: Maoni ya Kamati ya Maendeleo ya Jamii kuhusu Utekelezaji wa Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Jamii, Jinsia na Watoto kwa Mwaka wa Fedha uliopita, pamoja na Maoni ya Kamati kuhusu Makadirio ya Matumizi ya Wizara hiyo kwa Mwaka 2005/2006. MHE. TEDDY L. KASELA – BANTU MSEMAJI WA UPINZANIA KWA WIZARA YA MAENDELEO YA JAMII JINSIA NA WATOTO: 1 Maoni ya Kambi ya Upinzani kuhusu Utekelezaji wa Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Jamii, Jinsia na Watoto kwa Mwaka wa Fedha uliopita, pamoja na Maoni ya Upinzani kuhusu Makadirio ya Matumizi ya Wizara hiyo kwa Mwaka 2005/2006. MASWALI NA MAJIBU Na. 186 Taarifa Sahihi za Mtumishi Anayestaafu MHE. -
Hotuba Ya Waziri Wa Maendeleo Ya Jamii, Jinsia Na Watoto Mheshimiwa Dkt
HOTUBA YA WAZIRI WA MAENDELEO YA JAMII, JINSIA NA WATOTO MHESHIMIWA DKT. ASHA-ROSE MIGIRO (MB.), AKIWASILISHA BUNGENI MAKADIRIO YA MATUMIZI YA FEDHA KWA MWAKA 2005/2006 I. HOJA 1. Mheshimiwa Spika, baada ya taarifa iliyowasilishwa leo hapa Bungeni na Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Maendeleo ya Jamii, iliyochambua Makadirio ya Matumizi ya Fedha ya Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Jamii, Jinsia na Watoto, naomba kutoa hoja kwamba sasa Bunge lako tufuku lipokee, lijadili na kupitisha Makadirio ya Matumizi ya Fedha ya Wizara yangu kwa mwaka wa fedha 2005/2006. II. UTANGULIZI 2. Mheshimiwa Spika, naomba nianze hotuba yangu kwa kumpongeza Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano ya Tanzania, Mheshimiwa Benjamin William Mkapa kwa kuweza kuliongoza taifa letu kwa kipindi cha miaka kumi kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi mwaka huu anapomaliza muda wake. Katika kipindi hiki, ameonyesha umahiri mkubwa wa uongozi katika nyanja zote za maendeleo ya nchi yetu. Pamoja na mambo mengine, uongozi wake umewezesha uchumi wa nchi yetu kukua kutoka asilimia 4 mwaka 1995 hadi asilimia 6 mwaka huu, huduma za kijamii zimeendelea kuimarika na miundo mbinu imekuwa bora zaidi. Hali kadhalika, kwa jitihada hizo hivi sasa nchi yetu ni moja ya nchi zilizo katika orodha ya kupunguziwa sehemu ya deni lake la nje kutokana na kuwepo kwa mfumo imara wa utawala bora. 3. Mheshimiwa Spika, napenda pia kumpongeza Makamu wa Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano ya Tanzania, Mheshimiwa Dkt. Ali Mohamed Page 1 Shein, kwa juhudi zake kubwa za kumshauri Mheshimiwa Rais na za kuimarisha Muungano na kwa kuhamasisha utekelezaji wa Sera mbali mbali za nchi yetu. 4. Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa uzito huo huo, napenda kuwapongeza na kuwashukuru Mheshimiwa Frederick Tluway Sumaye, Waziri Mkuu na Mbunge wa Hanang, Mheshimiwa Dkt. -
Political Succession in East Africa - in Search for a Limited Leadership
Peter and Kopsieker: Political Succession in East Africa - In Search for a Limited Leadership POLITICAL SUCCESSION IN EAST AFRICA: In Search for a Limited Leadership Edited by Chris Maina Peter And Fritz Kopsieker Kituo Cha Katiba And Friedrich Ebert Sti�ung, Kenya Office May, 2006 i Peter and Kopsieker: Political Succession in East Africa - In Search for a Limited Leadership Published by Friedrich Ebert Sti�ung, Kenya Office P.O. Box 59947 - 00200 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254-20-3748338/9, 3752055/6 E-mail: [email protected] H�p://kenya.fes-international.de KITUO CHA KATIBA P. O. Box 3277 Plot 7, Estate Link Road, Bukoto (Off Lugogo By-Pass) Kampala, Uganda Tel: +256-41-533295 Fax: +256-41-541028 Email: [email protected] URL: h�p://www.kituochakatiba.co.ug c Friedrich Ebert Sti�ung, Kenya Office c Kituo Cha Katiba May, 2006 ISBN: 9966-957-05-7 Design and Layout by Oakland Media Services Ltd. P.O. Box 56919 - 00200 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254-20-4441319, 4445068 E-mail: [email protected] ii Peter and Kopsieker: Political Succession in East Africa - In Search for a Limited Leadership Dedicated to All those who fight for and cherish limited political leadership iii Peter and Kopsieker: Political Succession in East Africa - In Search for a Limited Leadership iv Peter and Kopsieker: Political Succession in East Africa - In Search for a Limited Leadership Contents Acknowledgements vii Notes on Contributors and Editors viii Table of Cases xi Table of Statutes xii Abbreviations xiii Glossary xv CHAPTER ONE: 1 Political Succession in East Africa Hon. -
Tanzania Comoros
COUNTRY REPORT Tanzania Comoros At a glance: 2000-01 OVERVIEW The ruling CCM party will win the national elections scheduled for October. Political violence may escalate over the succession to the Zanzibari leader Salmin Amour. Continued macroeconomic stability will ensure financial support from international donors during 2000-01. Real GDP growth is forecast at 5.2% in 2000 and 5.7% in 2001, driven by a recovery in agri- culture and expansion in the mining, manufacturing and tourism sectors. Key changes from last month Political forecast • Violence continues to plague Zanzibar. However, the decision by the CCM, to prevent the incumbent Zanzibar president, Salmin Amour, from standing for a third term has strengthened party unity. Economic policy outlook • Economic policy during the forecast period will be driven by the recently agreed IMF poverty reduction and growth facility. It aims to promote macroeconomic stability, high growth and public-sector reform. Economic forecast • GDP is forecast to grow by 5.2% in 2000 and 5.7% in 2001. • Inflation will continue to fall. An average of 5-6% is forecast for 2000-01. • The Tanzanian shilling will experience a gradual decline to an average of TSh830:US$1 in 2000 and TSh900:US$1 in 2001. • The current-account deficit will fall from an estimated US$911m in 1999 to US$541m in 2000 and US$595m in 2001. August 2000 The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders.