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Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok

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Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok 41075 Public Disclosure Authorized Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized World Bank June 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized Urban Transport Development Partnership World Bank Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok June 2007 THE URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP The Urban Transport Development Partnership (UTDP) is a cooperation framework joined by the Asian Development Bank, the French Development Agency, the Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and the World Bank Group. It aims to support the Royal Government of Thailand to address the urban transport development issues in the Bangkok region. This report is the first by the World Bank under this Partnership. The views expressed in the report are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the other three international development agencies in this Partnership, or of the Executive Directors of the World Bank Group and the governments they represent. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................... I A. WHAT IS THE TRANSPORT SCORECARD TO DATE? .............................................................. I B. REMAINING CHALLENGES .................................................................................................... I C. KEY DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT ................................................................................. II D. STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN ............................................................................................... VIII I. WHY STUDY URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY DIRECTIONS ................................................ 1 A. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................... 1 B. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE ...................................................................................................... 2 C. WORKSHOP ON URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY DIRECTIONS ................................................... 3 II. OVERVIEW AND CHALLENGES ............................................................................................. 3 A. SETTING ............................................................................................................................... 3 B. CURRENT TRANSPORT ......................................................................................................... 4 C. FUTURE TRANSPORT DEMAND ............................................................................................ 7 D. PROPOSED RAIL MRT DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................ 7 E. CHALLENGES ....................................................................................................................... 8 III. RAIL MASS RAPID TRANSIT INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES ................................. 9 A. MAXIMIZING THE BENEFITS OF MRT AND MINIMIZING RISK ............................................ 9 B. ENSURING INTEGRATED AND EFFICIENT DELIVERY OF MRT SERVICES ......................... 12 C. DEVELOPING A RAPID TRANSIT INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES PLAN ......................... 13 D. SHORT TERM ACTIONS TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES ............................................................. 15 IV. BUS SECTOR MODERNIZATION AND REFORM................................................................ 16 A. CURRENT PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................. 16 B. PREVIOUS PROPOSALS FOR REFORM ................................................................................. 17 C. DIRECTIONS FOR CHANGE ................................................................................................. 20 D. INITIATING CHANGE .......................................................................................................... 24 V. PEDESTRIANS AND OTHER NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORT ........................................ 26 VI. ROADS AND TRAFFIC ............................................................................................................ 28 A. ROAD NETWORK ............................................................................................................... 28 B. TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 30 VII. LOGISTICS ................................................................................................................................. 32 A. CURRENT PERFORMANCE AND NEW REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 33 B. GOVERNMENT ROLE .......................................................................................................... 35 VIII. PUBLIC SECTOR FINANCE .................................................................................................... 36 A. ROAD SECTOR ................................................................................................................... 36 B. PUBLIC TRANSPORT INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ............................................................. 39 Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok IX. GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT................................................... 40 A. CURRENT PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................. 40 B. A FRAMEWORK FOR ASSIGNING INSTITUTIONAL FUNCTIONS .......................................... 41 C. ENHANCING LAND USE AND TRANSPORT INTEGRATION IN THE BMR ............................. 44 D. INTEGRATING PUBLIC TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT .......................................................... 45 X. STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN .................................................................................................... 48 XI. ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND THE URBAN TRANSPORT PARTNERSHIP .................................................................................................. 49 ANNEX A: BANGKOK TRANSPORT ............................................................................................... 53 A.1 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT .................................................................................................. 53 A.2 TRANSPORT NETWORK AND PERSON DEMAND CHARACTERISTICS.................................. 54 A.3 PLANNED RAIL MRT INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................... 60 A.4 PROPOSED BUS RAPID TRANSIT ........................................................................................ 61 A.5 LOGISTICS .......................................................................................................................... 62 A.6 FUTURE TRANSPORT DEMAND .......................................................................................... 63 A.7 CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS .......................................... 65 ANNEX B: TRANSPORT FINANCE .................................................................................................. 71 B.1 ROAD SECTOR ................................................................................................................... 71 B.2 PUBLIC TRANSPORT INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ............................................................. 78 B.3 DETAILED DATA TABLES ................................................................................................... 78 ANNEX C: VALUE CAPTURE ........................................................................................................... 87 C.1 EXISTING LAND VALUATION AND PROPERTY TAXATION ................................................. 87 C.2 PROPOSALS FOR VALUE CAPTURE .................................................................................... 88 ANNEX D: WALKING IN BANGKOK .............................................................................................. 91 D.1 WHO USES SIDEWALKS? .................................................................................................... 91 D.2 WHO MAINTAINS AND MANAGES SIDEWALKS? ................................................................. 92 D.3 CHALLENGES ..................................................................................................................... 93 D.4 APPROACH TO IMPROVING WALKABILITY ......................................................................... 94 ANNEX E: LOGISTICS ........................................................................................................................ 95 E.1 CURRENT PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................. 95 E.2 GOVERNMENT ROLE ........................................................................................................ 100 ANNEX F: REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................... 103 ANNEX G: SUMMARY FINDINGS OF TECHNICAL WORKSHOP ............................................ 107 ANNEX H: PRESENTATION OF THE REPORT AT THE TECHNICAL WORKSHOP ............... 113 Strategic Urban Transport Policy Directions for Bangkok LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Forecast Travel Demand in the BMR .................................................................................... 4 Table 2: Currently Approved MRT Extensions ................................................................................... 8 Table 3: Effect of Institutional Arrangements
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