2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art (EHLA 2021) ISBN: 978-1-60595-137-9

Research on the Influencing Factors of the Construction of Tourism and Leisure Characteristic Towns in Province under the Background of New Urbanization Yi-ping WANG1,a,* and Xian-li ZHANG2,b 1,2School of Business, Southwest Jiaotong University Hope College, , Sichuan, [email protected], [email protected] *Corresponding author

Keywords: Tourism and leisure characteristic towns, Influencing factors, New urbanization.

Abstract. Promoting the construction of characteristic towns under the background of new urbanization is an important way for my country to break the bottleneck of economic development and realize economic transformation and upgrading. In recent years, although the construction of characteristic towns in Sichuan Province has achieved remarkable results and a large number, especially tourist and leisure characteristic towns accounted for the largest proportion, they still face urgent problems such as avoiding redundant construction, achieving scientific development, and overall planning. This study takes 20 cultural tourism characteristic towns selected by the first batch of Sichuan Province as the research object, combined with field research and tourist questionnaire surveys, and screened out relevant influencing factors of characteristic towns from different aspects such as transportation, economy, industry, ecology, historical and cultural heritage. Analyze the correlation with the development level of characteristic towns in order to find out the key factors affecting the development of characteristic towns of this type, provide a policy basis for the scientific development and overall planning of reserve characteristic towns in our province, and contribute to the construction of new urbanization And provide advice and suggestions on the development of tourism industry in our province.

1. Introduction In July 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development decided to carry out the cultivation of characteristic towns nationwide, and plans to build 1,000 small towns with their own characteristics by 2020 [1]. On the whole, Sichuan Province, as a major tourist province, relies on its rich tourism resources, cultural heritage, economic foundation advantages, and policy dividend advantages, a large number of characteristic towns have been built, with outstanding results. In June 2017, Sichuan Province selected 42 towns as the first batch of provincial characteristic towns. In March 2019, Sichuan Province identified 20 units including Anren Town, , Chengdu City as the first batch of "Sichuan Province Cultural Tourism Characteristic Towns". Although there are a large number of characteristic towns in Sichuan with outstanding results, there are also some problems that cannot be ignored, such as a relatively large population base, a low level of urbanization development, and insufficient industrial development advantages. The industrial structure of most small towns is relatively single and the problem of homogeneity is serious. Secondly, compared with the developed coastal areas, there are still some gaps, which are mainly manifested in the obvious problems of "small, scattered and weak", the characteristic advantages are not prominent enough, and the comprehensive carrying capacity still needs to be improved [2]. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the key factors affecting the construction level of characteristic towns from the top-level design to realize scientific development and reasonable layout.

1 2. Research Object, Research Index Selection and Data Source 2.1. Research Object Among the six characteristic towns of tourism and leisure, modern agriculture, commerce and logistics, processing and manufacturing, cultural creativity, and technology and education, Sichuan Province has the largest number of characteristic towns in terms of the number of tourist and leisure characteristic towns [3], as shown in Table 1. Table 1. Distribution and proportion of 200 characteristic towns in the development plan of characteristic small towns in Sichuan Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan. Tourism and Modern Business Processing and types Cultural creativity leisure agriculture logistics manufacturing Number 47 45 31 30 32 Percentage 24% 22% 16% 15% 16% Source: Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission "The 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Characteristic Small Towns in Sichuan Province", February 2017 Because the important status of tourism and leisure characteristic towns and the construction of different types of characteristic towns are quite different, this paper mainly selects the largest proportion of tourism and leisure characteristic towns for research. This study selects 20 cultural tourism characteristic towns selected by the Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Culture and Tourism in March 2019. The 20 cultural and tourist characteristic towns have undergone a strict selection process and are among the 20 most representative towns of this type in Sichuan Province. The specific list is shown in Table 2. Table 2. List of cultural tourism characteristic towns in Sichuan Province (in no particular order).

Serial Serial Characteristic Towns name Characteristic Towns name number number Nanguanshi Paifang Ancient Town, 1 Anren Town, Dayi County, Chengdu 11 City, City 2 Jiezi Town, City, Chengdu 12 Luocheng Town, Qianwei County, City 3 Pingle Town, , Chengdu 13 Lizhuang Town, Cuiping , City 4 Xianshi Town, Yantan District, City 14 Enyang Town, Enyang District, City 5 Yaoba Town, , City 15 Shangli Town, , Ya'an City 6 Taiping Town, , Luzhou City 16 Liujiang Town, , City Baimaguan Town, Luojiang District, 7 17 Labor Town, , City City Shuimo Town, , Aba 8 Qinglian Town, City, City 18 Prefecture Zhaohua Town, Zhaohua District, 9 19 Bamei Town, Daofu County, Ganzi Prefecture City Longfeng Town, , Suining Huili Ancient City, , Liangshan 10 20 City Prefecture Source: Announcement by the Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Culture and Tourism, March 2019 2.2. Research Index Selection This research is based on the characteristics of the characteristic town cultivation requirements proposed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission in February 2016. The town construction situation and tourist satisfaction survey questionnaire collated and revised the data, and a representative, universal and systematic summary table of influencing factors in the construction of characteristic towns was determined [4-5], as shown in Table 3.

2 Table 3. Summary table of screening of influencing factors of characteristic towns. First-level Serial Secondary evaluation index Content evaluation index number 1 Distance from central city Distance from central city 2 Distance from airport Distance from airport Public transportation Public transportation construction in characteristic transportation 3 construction towns Surrounding highway 4 Distance to high-speed exit conditions Economic development level 1 Per capita GDP of the city, City GDP of surrounding areas economy 2 Local permanent population Number of permanent residents in the city 3 Play time Average play days 4 ticket price Ticket price Proportion of total tourism 1 Proportion of total tourism revenue to regional GDP Industry revenue 2 Tourism status assessment Attractions Rating Quality level of tourist 1 Quality level of tourist attractions attractions Construction of supporting ecology 2 Number of hotels and restaurants facilities Introduce large-scale tourism 3 Number of surrounding attractions projects historical and cultural 1 Historical origin History of the town heritage 2 cultural connotation Historical and cultural town level

Characteristic town 1 Revenue data Comprehensive annual tourism income construction level 2 Number of visitors Annual number of visitors Source: compiled by the author 2.3. Data Source In terms of data collection, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the most representative towns of Anren, Dayi County, Chengdu City, Jiezi Ancient Town, and Pingle Ancient Town, Qionglai, which are the most representative cities in Sichuan Province Degree related data. Questionnaire surveys are mainly conducted through field surveys, email consultations, and online questionnaires. According to statistics, this study sent a total of 300 questionnaires, excluding invalid questionnaires, and finally retained 226, with an effective response rate of 75.33%. Indicators of influencing factors at various levels of characteristic towns mainly come from on-site surveys of scenic spots, online data from the Gaode Map APP, national economic statistics bulletins published by local governments, introductions to scenic spots published on official websites of local governments and tourism websites, promotion materials on tourism websites, and Statistics from National Bureau of Statistics, etc.

3. Correlation Analysis of Influential Factors in the Construction of Tourist and Leisure-type Characteristic Towns in Sichuan Province In this research, the comprehensive annual tourism income of characteristic towns and the number of tourists throughout the year are used as indicators to measure the development and construction level of characteristic towns. Influencing factors such as transportation, economy, industry, ecology, history and culture are combined with the development and construction level of characteristic towns Perform a correlation analysis, as shown in Table 4. According to the SPSS correlation analysis results, it can be found that economy, industry, and ecology are the main factors affecting the construction of characteristic towns.

3 Table 4. Correlation between the influencing factors of characteristic town construction and the level of characteristic town development. Transportation Economic Distance Distanc Public Distance Per City Number Average Ticket from e from transportation to capita GDP of play price Variable central airport construction in high-spe GDP of permane days city characteristic ed exit the city nt towns residents in the city Characteristi c town -0.152 -0.209 -0.099 -0.186 0.404 0.500 0.505 0.605 0.608* construction * ** ** ** ** level

Industry Ecological history and culture Proportion of Attracti Quality Number of Number of History Historical and total tourism ons level of hotels and surrounding of the cultural town Variable revenue to Rating tourist restaurants attractions town level regional GDP attraction s Characteristic -0.409 0.092 0.534 0.486 -0.440 -0.124 0.318 town construction * ** ** * level Note: * At the 0.1 level (two-tailed), the correlation is significant; ** at the 0.05 level (two-tailed), the correlation is significant; *** is at the 0.01 level (two-tailed), the correlation is significant. 3.1. Aspects of Transportation Tourism activities are a shifted consumption form, and tourists arriving at tourist attractions are bound to be affected by traffic factors. The results of the questionnaire survey show that 61.50% of passengers believe that convenient transportation is a key factor affecting their willingness to travel. However, according to the SPSS correlation analysis of 20 small towns, it is found that the traffic location advantage at the traffic level does not have a significant correlation with the development level of characteristic towns. This conclusion is different from the questionnaire survey. The reason is that we noticed that in terms of transportation options, self-driving travel is the largest travel mode, accounting for 45.58%, followed by subway, light rail, and bus. The rise of self-driving tours and the rapid development of my country's rail transit industry have largely made up for the restrictions on travel destinations imposed by traffic. The diversity of transportation options and the convenience of transportation greatly enrich the travel options of tourists. In recent years, the casual tourism concept of "escape from the city and get close to nature" and "net celebrity check in" has become very popular. In terms of the choice of tourist destinations, "remote" scenic spots with strong cultural atmosphere and beautiful scenery are more popular with tourists. Therefore, the conclusion of the correlation analysis shows that "the characteristic towns in the suburbs are not necessarily better built than the characteristic towns far from the urban area". In tourist interviews, a large number of tourists also showed this choice preference, which can support the above view. 3.2. Aspects of Economy As a consumer activity, tourism is subject to the purchasing power of consumer groups. Through correlation analysis, it is found that the economic indicators of the main source areas and the construction level of characteristic towns show a moderate positive correlation. Through the analysis of the questionnaire survey results, it is found that "weekend short-term travel + statutory short-term holiday travel" is still the main way for Chinese residents to travel, so the main source of tourist attractions is still mainly in the provinces and urban areas where the attractions are located. At the same time, the permanent population of the city where the attraction is located reflects the supply of local tourists to a certain extent. The GDP of the city where the attraction is located, and the city's per capita GDP can reflect the purchasing power of local tourists to a certain extent.

4 Therefore, the above indicators are moderately positively correlated with the construction level of characteristic towns. In addition, the price of entrance tickets and the number of days spent in scenic spots are highly correlated with the level of characteristic town construction. This is consistent with the development concept of "retaining overnight tourists" in some scenic spots to promote night tour products, enrich night tour formats, and strive to "retain overnight tourists". 3.3. Aspects of Industry The industrial factors mainly select the ratio of the local annual tourism revenue to the regional GDP, and the assessment of the current situation of tourist attractions in the town as the measurement indicators. The higher the ratio of total tourism revenue to the region's GDP, the more mature the local tourism industry. The assessment of the current situation of tourist attractions can reflect the reputation and brand effect of the tourist attractions. According to the results of the SPSS correlation analysis, from the perspective of the province, the ratio of the total annual tourism revenue to the regional GDP has a moderate negative correlation with the development level of characteristic towns. However, there is no significant correlation between the evaluation of tourist attractions and the development level of characteristic towns. With the diversified and personalized characteristics of tourist demand in recent years, the evaluation of tourist attractions has shown a multifaceted evaluation situation, which has a certain degree of complexity. 3.4. Aspects of Ecology Ecological factors select the level of scenic spots, the construction of supporting facilities, and the number of surrounding scenic spots as indicators. Among them, the level of scenic spots, the construction of supporting facilities and the development level of characteristic towns have a moderately positive correlation. The number of surrounding scenic spots has a moderately negative correlation with the development level of characteristic towns. This is consistent with the questionnaire survey and visitor interviews. 72.78% of tourists believe that the construction and service quality of supporting facilities such as catering and accommodation are one of the main factors affecting their tourism decision-making. The large number of surrounding scenic spots will play a role in the diversion of tourists to a certain extent. Therefore, it has a moderately negative correlation with the development level of characteristic towns. 3.5. Aspects of Historical and Cultural Heritage The historical and cultural factors mainly select the history of town construction and the level of historical and cultural towns as measurement indicators. Through correlation analysis, it is found that there is no significant correlation between the two indicators and the development level of characteristic town construction. This conclusion is somewhat different from the questionnaire survey and tourist interviews. In questionnaire surveys and visitor interviews, 76.99% of tourists believe that the natural scenery of characteristic towns is the most important factor in attracting their tourism, and 53.54% of tourists think that they value the strong historical and cultural atmosphere of characteristic towns. Considering that the 20 towns are all historical and cultural towns selected by the counties and cities of Sichuan Province, overall, the above 20 towns have no significant differences in history and culture. Therefore, There is no significant correlation in the analysis results. But it is undeniable that from the feedback of tourists, the historical and cultural heritage of characteristic towns is an important aspect of characteristic towns attracting tourists. 3.6. Research Results and Suggestion Based on the results of field survey and questionnaire survey , this study combined with SPSS correlation analysis, it can be concluded that the economic, ecological, and industrial aspects of influencing factors are highly correlated with the development and construction level of characteristic towns. The three levels of influencing factors should be considered in the subsequent planning and construction of characteristic towns. Regarding the influencing factors of transportation，historical and cultural heritage, although from a statistical point of view, they are not significantly related to the development and construction level of characteristic towns, but

5 combined with the subjective evaluation of tourists in the questionnaire survey, the indicators of transportation, historical and cultural heritage are still An important factor affecting tourists' willingness to travel. Therefore, the planning layer should make dialectical considerations for the influencing factors of these two levels. In terms of humanistic factors, the 20 cultural tourism characteristic towns selected by the first criticism of Sichuan Province all have a long history and profound cultural heritage, and each town’s historical and cultural heritage has distinct local characteristics. The perception of the historical and cultural atmosphere of each town is subjective, so it is more difficult to accurately measure the humanistic indicators of each town, and partiality should be avoided. In addition, through field research and tourist questionnaire surveys, we have noticed some new tourism trends in the tourism industry in recent years, such as the prevalence of self-driving tours, online celebrity check-ins, and preference for remote and beautiful scenic spots. Policy makers should give full attention.

4. Conclusion In order to find out the key factors that affect the construction level of tourist and leisure characteristic towns, this study selected 20 Sichuan's first batch of cultural and tourist characteristic towns as the research objects. First of all, this paper combines the data of the questionnaire survey conducted by the three most representative cultural tourism towns in Chengdu and the existing research of domestic scholars, and selects the relevant analysis indicators of the construction level of characteristic towns and the relevant influencing factors of characteristic towns. Secondly, it analyzes the correlation between the construction level of characteristic towns and relevant influencing factors of characteristic towns, and finds out the key factors that affect the construction and development of characteristic towns of this type, including economic, ecological, and industrial factors. Finally, combined with the characteristic town questionnaire survey data and the correlation analysis results, suggestions are made for the construction of reserve characteristic towns in Sichuan Province, and provide policy basis for the scientific development and overall planning of the reserve characteristic towns in our province. The conclusions of this study are conducive to promoting the construction of new urbanization in our province and the scientific development of the tourism industry.

Acknowledgement This article is in the Sichuan Tourism Development Research Center project "Research on the Construction and Development of Sichuan Tourism and Leisure Characteristic Towns under the Background of New Urbanization-Taking Chengdu as an Example" No. LYC18-22.

References [1] Ran Xiaohan, “Analysis on the Factors Influencing the Development of Characteristic Towns-Taking Gubei Water Town and Wuzhen as Examples” Times Economic and Trade. 2018:62–63. [2] Ren Zhijun, “The status quo and prospects of characteristic town construction in Sichuan Province”. Party and Government Research, 2018:117–120. [3] Shu Xiaoxue, “Study on the status quo, problems and countermeasures of characteristic towns in Sichuan”, Neijiang Science Class. 2020:50–52. [4] Wu Fengwen,“SPSS/POI-based Research on the Shaping Strategy of 's Tourism and Leisure Characteristic Towns-Taking Gubei Water Town as an Example”. Sustainable Development Rational Planning-2017 China Urban Planning Conference Proceedings, 2017. [5] Chen Mingwei, “Influencing factors and strategies for the development and construction of characteristic towns in Heilongjiang Province”. Engineering University, 2018.

6