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Göçürip Almak ÝAŞLARYŇ YLMY WE TEHNIKASY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF YOUTH НАУКА И ТЕХНИКА МОЛОДЁЖИ Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň ylmy-köpçülikleýin elektron žurnaly 1 2019 Aşgabat “Ylym” neşirýaty 2019 1 © Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasy, 2019 © “Ylym” neşirýaty, 2019 2 TÜRKMENISTANYŇ PREZIDENTI GURBANGULY BERDIMUHAMEDOW 3 4 TÜRKMENISTANYŇ DÖWLET TUGRASY TÜRKMENISTANYŇ DÖWLET BAÝDAGY 5 TÜRKMENISTANYŇ DÖWLET SENASY Janym gurban saňa, erkana ýurdum, Mert pederleň ruhy bardyr köňülde. Bitarap, garaşsyz topragyň nurdur, Baýdagyň belentdir dünýäň öňünde. Gaýtalama: Halkyň guran Baky beýik binasy, Berkarar döwletim, jigerim-janym. Başlaryň täji sen, diller senasy, Dünýä dursun, sen dur, Türkmenistanym! Gardaşdyr tireler, amandyr iller, Owal-ahyr birdir biziň ganymyz. Harasatlar almaz, syndyrmaz siller, Nesiller döş gerip gorar şanymyz. Gaýtalama: Halkyň guran Baky beýik binasy, Berkarar döwletim, jigerim-janym. Başlaryň täji sen, diller senasy, Dünýä dursun, sen dur, Türkmenistanym! 6 ÝAŞLARYŇ YLMY WE TEHNIKASY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF YOUTH НАУКА И ТЕХНИКА МОЛОДЁЖИ № 1 2019 OKYJYLARA Belent Mertebeli Prezidentimiziň parasatly we öňdengörüjilikli içeri we daşary syýasaty netijesinde Berkarar döwletimiziň bagtyýarlyk döwründe ýurdumyzyň maddy esasyny emele getirýän hem-de ilatyň ýokary hilli ýaşaýyş-durmuş derejesini üpjün edýän ykdysadyýetimiz ýokary depginler bilen durnukly ösýär. Şunuň bilen baglylykda Türkmenistan döwletimizde ylma we bilime durmuş syýasatynyň iň möhüm ugurlarynyň biri hökmünde garalýar. Bu ugurda üstünlikli amala aşyrylýan toplumlaýyn maksatnamalara, ylmyň hem-de ýokary tehnologiýalaryň gazananlaryna esaslanýan döwlet syýasatyna laýyklykda çuňňur bilimli, giň gözýetimli, dünýä ykdysadyýetiniň, ylmynyň, medeniýetiniň ýeten sepgitlerinden hem-de öňdebaryjy gazananlaryndan habarly ýaş alymlary, dürli ugurlar boýunça hünärmenleri taýýarlamak maksady bilen bilim we ylym ulgamlary yzygiderli kämilleşdirilýär, maddy- tehniki binýadyny döwrebaplaşdyrmak dowam etdirilýär. Akademik, lukmançylyk ylymlarynyň doktory we ykdysady ylymlaryň doktory, professor, Alym Prezidentimiz Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedowyň “Hünär – akar bulak, ylym – ýanar çyrag” diýlişi ýaly, türkmen halky ylma-bilime edep-terbiýäniň açary, eşretli durmuşyň gözbaşy hökmünde aýratyn ähmiýet berýär” diýen parasatly taglymatyndan, şeýle hem ýokary bilim ulgamyny ösdürmäge we kämilleşdirmäge, ýaş nesliň döredijiligini we zähmetini ýurdumyzyň mundan beýläk hem gülläp ösmegine gönükdirilen döwlet syýasatyndan ugur alyp, gysga döwürde täze ýokary okuw mekdepleri açyldy, akademiki we amaly ugry bolan ylmy-barlag institutlaryndan başga-da, ylmy-tehnologik, ylmy-kliniki we ylmy-taslama merkezler, tejribe-önümçilik barlaghanalar, ýokary okuw mekdepleriniň garamagynda ylmy- barlag institutlar döredildi. Türkmenistan döwletimizde ylym we bilim ulgamlaryny mundan beýläk hem dünýä ölçeglerine laýyklykda kämilleşdirmek maksady bilen dünýä döwletleri we iri halkara guramalary bilen hyzmatdaşlyk ösdürilýär, ylym, tehnika we innowasion tehnologiýalar boýunça ikitaraplaýyn şertnamalar we ylalaşyklar baglaşylýar, bilelikde ylmy-amaly maslahatlar, sergiler, bäsleşikler guralýar. Şertnamalara we ylalaşyklara laýyklykda ýaş hünärmenler, professor-mugallymlar, ylmy işgärler hünär we bilim derejelerini kämilleşdirmek üçin daşary ýurtlaryň ylmy-barlag edaralarynda, merkezlerinde, ýokary okuw mekdeplerinde ýörite okuwlary geçýärler. Bularyň ählisi Garaşsyz, hemişelik Bitarap Türkmenistan döwletimiziň ylym we bilim binýadyny has-da pugtalandyrmak bilen, eziz Watanymyzyň abraý-mertebesini, şan-şöhratyny has-da belende göterjek ýokary derejeli hünärmenleriň we ýaş alymlaryň taýýarlanylmagyna hem ýardam berýär. Beýik özgertmeleriň we oňyn ösüşleriň ýoly bilen ynamly öňe barýan berkarar döwletimizde Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň garamagyndaky ylmy-barlag institutlarynda, Tehnologiýalar merkezinde we ýurdumyzyň ýokary okuw mekdeplerinde ýaş alymlary, hünärmenleri, talyp ýaşlary tejribeli halypalaryň ýolbaşçylygynda ylmy-barlaglara 7 ugrukdyrmak hem-de ýaşlaryň döredijilik mümkinçiligini ýokarlandyrmak babatynda maksatnamalaýyn işler durmuşa geçirilýär. Hormatly Prezidentimiziň “Ylym-bilim Garaşsyz döwletimiziň okgunly ösüşini üpjün edýän kuwwatly binýatdyr” diýen ýörelgesine berk eýerip, milli maksatnamalara, giň gerimli jemgyýetçilik-syýasy, durmuş-ykdysady, ylym-bilim özgertmelere gowy okamak, döredijilikli zähmet çekmek, gurmak, döretmek, ylym-bilim dünýäsine çuňňur aralaşmak, düýpli we amaly taslamalary bilen mynasyp goşant goşýan ýaşlaryň sany barha artýar. Şygary “Türkmenistan – rowaçlygyň Watany” diýlip yglan edilen 2019-njy ýylyň ilkinji aýlarynda örän möhüm strategik resminamany – “Türkmenistanyň Prezidentiniň ýurdumyzy 2019–2025-nji ýyllarda durmuş-ykdysady taýdan ösdürmegiň Maksatnamasyny” tassyklamak bilen Milli Liderimiz ykdysadyýetimiziň pudaklaryny hem-de döwlet dolandyrylyşynyň ähli ulgamlaryny düzüm taýdan täzeden guramagyň nobatdaky tapgyryna badalga berdi. “Türkmenistanyň Prezidentiniň ýurdumyzy 2019–2025-nji ýyllarda durmuş- ykdysady taýdan ösdürmegiň Maksatnamasyna” laýyklykda dünýäniň iň oňat tejribeleri, öňdebaryjy ylmy pikirler, innowasion tehnologiýalar arkaly ykdysadyýetimiziň ähli pudaklaryny kämilleşdirmek, maddy-enjamlaýyn binýady yzygiderli pugtalandyrmak göz öňünde tutulýar. Bu Maksatnama esasynda sanly ykdysadyýete hem tapgyrlaýyn esasda geçiler. Ýokary hünärli işgärleri taýýarlamagyň, şol sanda has öňdebaryjy tehnologiýalary we innowasion ylmy- tehniki işläp taýýarlamalary önümçilige ornaşdyrmagyň hasabyna täze ykdysady ösüşler gazanylar, Watanymyzyň dünýäniň durmuş-ykdysady, innowasion-tehnologiýalar babatynda sazlaşykly ösýän kuwwatly döwletleriniň biri hökmündäki orny pugtalandyrylar. Milli Liderimiz 2019-njy ýylyň 14-nji fewralynda ýurdumyzyň jemgyýetçilik-syýasy guramalarynyň we medeniýet ulgamynyň wekilleri bilen duşuşygynda dünýäde ylmyň, tehnologiýanyň ösüşi çalt depginde dowam edýän döwründe maglumat tehnologiýasynyň täzeliklerini özleşdirmezden, dünýä ösüşi bilen aýakdaş gitmegiň, ykdysadyýetde we durmuşda ýokary netijeleri gazanmagyň mümkin däldigini belledi we bu meselede ýaş nesilleriň döredijilik başarnygyny giňden goldamak hem-de hemmetaraplaýyn goldaw bermek boýunça möhüm wezipeleri öňde goýdy. Alym Prezidentimiz: “Biziň şu günki ýaşlarymyz ozalky nesillerden düýbünden tapawutlanýar. Watançylygy, ynsanperwerligi, dostlugy we hoşniýetliligi durmuş kadasyna öwren bagtyýar ýaşlarymyz öňdebaryjy maglumat tehnologiýalaryndan gowy baş çykarýar. Çylşyrymly önümçilik tehnologiýalaryny dolandyrmagy başarýar. Ylym we tehnika babatda döwletimiziň ösüş depginini çaltlandyrmak, tehnologiýalary we innowasiýalary ornaşdyrmak boýunça döredijilik başlangyçlary bilen çykyş edýär. Şu nukdaýnazardan, ýaşlarymyza halkara derejeli iri ykdysady ulgamlary dolandyrmagy arkaýyn ynanyp bileris” diýip, watansöýüji, ynsanperwer, zähmetsöýer, maksada okgunly, belent ahlakly ýaşlaryň häzirki zaman ylymlaryny we tehnologiýalaryny özleşdirmekdäki zehinine, döredijilik başlangyjyna, hünär ussatlygyna ýokary baha berdi. Hormatly Prezidentimiziň öňe süren täze taglymatlary, dünýäniň ösen ýurtlarynyň tejribesi hem-de öňegidişlikleri nazara alnyp, Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň we ýokary okuw mekdepleriniň gurluşyny kämilleşdirmek, ýurdumyzyň ylmy-tehniki ösüşiň derejesini hem-de döwlet maksatnamalaryny amala aşyrmakda ylmyň eýeleýän ornuny ýokarlandyrmak, döwletimiziň ylmy we ykdysady kuwwatyny ýokarlandyrmaga ýardam berýän düýpli we ylmy-amaly barlaglaryň netijeliligini has-da ýokarlandyrmak, ylmyň önümçilik bilen arabaglanyşygyny has-da güýçlendirmek ugrunda anyk çäreler durmuşa 8 geçirilýär. Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasynyň garamagynda “Ýaşlaryň ylmy we tehnikasy” atly täze ylmy-köpçülikleýin elektron žurnalynyň döredilmegi hem-de onuň ilkinji sanynyň neşir edilmegi ylmy döwrebaplaşdyrmagyň, ylym, tehnika we tehnologiýalar babatda zehinli ýaşlary goldamagyň hem-de höweslendirmegiň ýolundaky möhüm wakadyr. Ylmy-köpçülikleýin elektron žurnalynyň sanlarynda Garaşsyz, hemişelik Bitarap Türkmenistanda ýaş alymlaryň nanotehnologiýalar, himiki tehnologiýalar, täze materiallary öwrenmek, energetika, biotehnologiýa, molekulýar biologiýa, oba hojalygy, ekologiýa we genetika, maglumat we aragatnaşyk ulgamlary, kompýuter tehnologiýalary, lukmançylyk we derman serişdelerini öndürmek tehnologiýalary, innowasion ykdysadyýet, ynsanperwer ylymlary ýaly ileri tutulýan ugurlar boýunça täsirli hem-de gyzykly makalalar çap ediler. Ylym-bilim ulgamyny ösdürmek, döwre görä kämilleşdirmek, rowaçlandyrmak ugrunda taýsyz tagallalary edýän we bu ugurlarda özlerine döredýän uly mümkinçilikleri üçin ýaş alymlar Alym Prezidentimize köp sagbolsunlar aýdýarlar. 9 ÝAŞLARYŇ YLMY WE TEHNIKASY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF YOUTH НАУКА И ТЕХНИКА МОЛОДЁЖИ № 1 2019 G. Gurbangeldiýew HORMATLY PREZIDENTIMIZIŇ “TÜRKMENISTAN – BEÝIK ÝÜPEK ÝOLUNYŇ ÝÜREGI” ATLY BIRINJI KITABYNDA GEOGRAFIK ATLAR Hormatly Prezidentimiziň “Türkmenistan – Beýik Ýüpek ýolunyň ýüregi” atly birinji kitaby halkymyzyň geçmiş taryhyny öwrenmekde, ýurdumyzyň çäginde dörän medeni ojaklary düýpli seljermekde, dilimiziň, baý edebi we medeni mirasymyzyň çuňňur öwrenilmegi üçin täzeçe ylmy agtaryşlara ugrukdyrmakda aýratyn ähmiýete eýedir. Kitapda beýan edilen maglumatlaryň ygtybarly çeşmeler arkaly delillendirilmegi dilimiziň taryhy köklerini çuňňur öwrenmäge-de giň mümkinçilik berýär. Ähli geografik çäkler, obýektler, sebitler, obadyr şäher we olaryň köçeleri dilde atlandyrylýar. Bu geografik atlaryň hemmesi türkmen diliniň leksikologiýasynda
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