A CERTIFICATE COURSE IN INDIAN NUMISMATICS

Organised by Department of History in collaboration

with

Centre of Indian Numismatic Studies(Regd)., Bengaluru.

Course Coordinator : Ms. Jane D'Souza Course Duration : 30 hours + 2 study trips (2 Credits) Timings : 1st and 3rd Saturdays (10 am to 1 pm) Course Fee : Rs. 3,000/-

Expected Commencement Date : August 1st Week

1 Course Title :

GLEANING ’S HISTORY THROUGH NUMISMATICS

Resource Persons :

1. Gautam Jantakal MA Numismatics & Archaeology , University of Numismatic Consultant, Specialist in Brahmi Script and Ancient Coinage Bengaluru

2. Mohit Kapoor MA Numismatics & Archaeology, University of Mumbai Specialist in Mughal & Coinage, Director at Imperial Auctions India, Mumbai

3. Purnanand Sanket MA Numismatics & Archaeology, University of Mumbai Numismatic Consultant, Specialist in Coinage Bengaluru

4. Dr. Danish Moin Specialist in Persian Script Associate Professor and HoD, Dept. of History Maulana Azad National University,

Course Objective :

 To highlight the importance of Coins not only in corroborating Indian History but also in modifying it

 To elucidate the information derived from coins across various streams of History i.e Polity, Economy, Religion, Culture, Technology, Trade & Commerce

 To explain the interaction of Coins with the allied fields of Archaeology, Palaeography and Epigraphy resulting in generation of factual data to Historians

2  To introduce students to Numismatic methodologies such as Regio Specificity, Numismatic type

continuity, Provenance study,Hoard Study.

Course Duration:

30 hours + 2 study trips

Course Structure :

Activity Type Activity Break Up Duration

Theory Classroom 1.5 hrs* 24 hrs 16 sessions Practicals Script Learning- Brahmi 1.5 hrs * 3 hrs 2 sessions Practicals Workshop on coin analysis and 1.5 hrs * 1.5 hrs grouping 1 session Practicals End of session Quiz 1.5 hrs * 1.5 hrs 1 session Study Trips 2 trips ½ to 1 day each.

Course Highlights :

 A chronological coverage of Indian coins from the Mahajanapada period to the latest coins with due focus on non political aspects such as economy, religion, metallurgy etc.

 Hands on where the students will handle genuine coins(and not replicas) pertaining to the various historical time periods.

 Workshop involving working on a hoard of coins. Students need to group coins by implementing typological similarities, similarities in coin fabric, Iconography etc.

 An end of session Quiz to reiterate the important aspects covered during the course.

3  Objectives of Study trips : a) the students will be explained about the palaeographical aspects of the Brahmi script and it’s transformation into regional script.

b) The students will also gain knowledge around systematic coin cataloging , coin attribution, valuation as well as preservation techniques of coins and other antique objects.

Course Content:

Sl Type of Coinage being Duration Core Topic Areas covered under the Core Topic No. discussed (min) Theory Definition of Numismatics.Importance of Ancient Coins in an Indian context.Information derived from coins across the various streams of History. The History of Money. Various 1 Introduction Pre Coinage Artifacts 90 fields dependent on Numismatics; viz. paleography, epigraphy, , symbology, archaeology, architecture, socio-economic study, etc. Introducing and familiarizing the students with methods of coin minting. Key Numismatic terms and terminology such as Obverse, Reverse, Rim, Countermark, 2 Introduction General 90 Overstrike,Banker Marks etc . Explaining the concepts of Regio Specificity, Numismatic type continuity, Provenance study,Hoard Study and their applications. and the extent of their rule Coinage of the respective Mahajanapadas. First Coins of India. Minting technique employed, metal used in making coins, weight standards, denominations, symbols seen, inter-regional usage of the coins, etc. Cyrus and the Persian Achaeminid Empire. Timeline (600BCE- Chaman-i-Hazouri hoard as a Numismatic 232BCE) Ancient- marker 3 Mahajanapada to Birth of Buddha and the subsequent spread of Punch Mark Coins 90 the fall of Mauryan Buddhism. Life of Buddha as a Numismatic empire marker Alexander of Macedonia and his Conquests. Chandragupta Maurya and the Mauryan Empire; Extent of the Mauryan Empire Ashoka; Adoption of Buddhism; Effect on coinage Death of Ashoka and decline of the Mauryan Empire.Effect on coinage 4 Timeline (232BCE- Sunga and . First Cast Copper Sunga, Kanva, City States, 90 240 CE) Ancient- and First Indigenous Die Struck Coins of India. Monarchies,Tribal 4 Geneology parallels in the Puranas Emergence of small Monarchies Emergence of strong Urban Centres (City Post Mauryan Pre States) Gupta -Between the Kingdoms,Sangam Age Empires Emergence of Tribal Republics in North West India Sangam Age Kingdoms in South India and the extent of their rule. Sangam age coinage. Impact of Indo Roman trade.

Indo-Greek Kingdom. First Portrait Coins of India. First Die Struck Coins of India. Kujula Kadphises and the Kushana Empire. Timeline (232BCE- Control of the Silk Route .First Gold coins of 240 CE) Ancient- India. 5 Post Mauryan Pre Influence of Iranian religion seen on Kushana Indo-Greek, Kushanas 90 Gupta -Between the Coins Empires Depiction of Buddha,Shiva, Laxmi on Kushana Coins Introduction to Vikrama and Saka or Shalivahana Era Simuka and the Satavahana Empire in the Timeline (232BCE- Deccan.Impact of Indo Roman trade. Western 240 CE) Ancient- Satavahanas,Western Satrapas(Ksharatas). War with the 6 Post Mauryan Pre Satrapas(Ksharatas), 90 Satavahanas. Gupta -Between the Banavasi Kadambas The Kadambas of Banavasi.The first coins Empires with Kannada script. Sri Gupta and the . Gupta Era. Glorifying the King on the coins. Economic might as seen from coinage Establishment of the Seated Lakhsmi figure on Timeline (240CE- coins.Romanticized versions of the King 7 647 CE) Ancient- depicted on coins.Important events such as Guptas 90 Gupta, Post Gupta maritial alliance and royal lifestyles being depicted on coins. Collapse of the Guptas and subsequent Post- Gupta (Samatata, etc) coinage imitating the Gupta coinage. Numismatic continuity. Establishment of Rashtrakutas,Prathiharas Timeline (647 CE- and Palas. The Kanauj triangle Rashtrakutas, Gurjara- 1206 CE) Early Invasions by Mahmud of Ghazni Pratiharas, Palas, Mahmud of 8 Medieval- Post 90 Ghazni, Ghori,Yadavas of Gupta to Ghori Invasion of Mohammad Ghori Devagiri, Hoysalas Invasion The Yadavas of Devagiri. Hoysala Kingdom of Karnataka and their coinage Qutub-Ud-Din Aibak establishes Slave Dynasty and begins the Sultanate in Indian Sub-continent Zafar initiates the Gujarat Sultanate , Jaunpur, Timeline (1206 CE- Bengal, , Gujarat & 9 1500 CE) Medieval -Dilawar Khan establishes Malwa Sultanate Kashmir 90 Pre Mughal India Setting up of the Bengal, Jaunpur and Kashmir Sultanates,Bahamanis, Sultanates Deccan Sultanates Independence of Hasan Gangu and formation of Bahamani Sultanate Formation of the Deccan Sultanates 10 Timeline (1206 Harihara and Bukka establish the Vijayanagar Vijayanagar 90

5 -1500 CE) Medieval - Pre Mughal South India Kingdom. The feudatory Nayakas. Babur invades India and Sher Suri. First coins with Timeline (1526 Rupee denomination. Suri and Mughal 11 -1658 CE)-Medieval 90 Changes and reformities brought about Coinages Mughal India Jahangir and his rule Coinage of Jahangir, Noorjehan,Shahjahan and his conquest Invasion of Nadir Shah and his coins Timeline (1658- Decline of the Mughal Power and its effect on 12 1817CE)- Medieval coinage Mughal, Nizam, Marathas 90 Mughal India Strengthening of the breakaway independent Kingdoms like Nawabs, Nizams Marathas, Expansion under ,the Confederacy British East India Company comes to Surat Coin minting rights obtained Timeline (1818- Abolishment of the East India Company and Coinage of the British East 13 90 1946) establishment of the Queens Rule in India India Company Effects of the World War on the coinage Introduction of Paper Money and its main usage in India Timeline (1818- Establishment of Indian Princely States. 14 Indian Princely States 90 1948) Coining Rights. Timeline (1399 - Coinage of Mysuru – Wodeyars, Hyder Ali, 15 Mysuru 90 1947) Tipu Timeline (1947- Republic India Coinage and Bank Notes 16 Republic India 90 present) Changes in the Currency system of India Practicals Script and Language. Brief Introduction to Kharosti, Greek and Brahmi Scripts. Theories 1 on the Origin of Brahmi Script. 90 Introduction to Brahmi letters.Worksheets on Brahmi decipherment. Historiography of the Brahmi Script decipherment. Roadmap of Brahmi script evolution into regional scripts. Introduction to Brahmi Diacritics and Conjunct conjugates. Worksheets on Brahmi 2 decipherment. 90 Workshop on coin analysis and grouping. Grouping based on: Metal used, Minting 3 process, type similarities 90 4 End of session Quiz 90

6