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Los Ejemplares Tipo De Orthoptera Depositados En La Colección Del Museo De La Plata

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Los Ejemplares Tipo De Orthoptera Depositados En La Colección Del Museo De La Plata ISSN 0373-5680 Rev. Soco Eniomol. Argent. 59 (1-4): 61-84, 2000 Los ejemplares Tipo de Orthoptera depositados en la colección del Museo de La Plata DONATO,, Mariano Departamento Científico de Entomología y Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva (LASBE)o Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque. 1900, La Plata, Argentina; e-mail: [email protected] • RESUMEN" Se examinaron y listaron los 951 tipos de Orthoptera deposita- dds en la colección del Departamento Científico de Entomología del Museo de La Plata. Los tipos corresponden a -152 especies y subespecies nominales distribuidas en las familias Acrididae [subfamilias Gomphocerinae (1), Leptysminae (5) y Melanoplinae (107)], Ommexechidae [subfamilias Auca­ crinae (1), Ommexechinae (6)1, Romaleidae [subfamilia Romaleinae (7)], Tristiridae [subfamilias Atacamacridinae (1) Y Tristirinae (8)], Eumastacidae [subfarnilia Morseinae (1)], Proscopiidae [subfamiliasProscopiinae (7) y Xe­ niinae (4)], Tettigoniidae [subfamilias Meconematinae(1), Pseudophyllinae (1) YTettigoniinae (1)] Y la familia Rhaphidophoridae (1). Para cada espéci­ men se brinda información completa acerca de la categoría del tipo, sexo, datos de colección y estado de preservación. Para cada taxón se brinda infor­ rnación sobre nombres originales y válidos, posición sistemática, publicación y subsecuentes combinaciones. PALABRAS CLAVE.Orthoptera. Material tipo. Museo de La Plata . • ABSTRACT. The type specimens of Orthoptera deposited at the La Plata Museum collection, The 951 types of Orthoptera housed in the collection of the Scientific Department of Entomology at the La Plata Museum were examined and listed. These types belong to 152 nominal species and subspecies, distribu­ ted in the families Acrididae [subfamilies Gomphocerinae (1), Leptysminae (5) and Melanoplinae (107)], Ommexechidae [subfamilies Aucacrinae (1) and Ommexechinae (6)], Romaleidae [subfamily Romaleinae (7)1, Tristiridae [sub­ families Atacamacridinae (1) and Tristirinae (8)], Eumastacidae [subfamily Morseinae (1)], Proscopiidae [subfamilies Proscopiinae (7) and Xeniinae (4)], Tettigoniidae [subfamiliesMeconematinae (1), Pseudophyllinae (1) and Tettigo­ niinae (1)], and the family Rhaphidophoridae (1),. Cornplete data about category type, sex, data collection and conditions for each specimen is given whilst in­ formation about original and val id names, systematic position, publication and subsequent combinations is also presented for each taxon. KEY WORDS. Orthoptera. Type material. La Plata Museum. INTRODUCCiÓN son de tamañornediano e incluyen algunas de las formas vivientes más grandes que alcanzan los El orden Orthoptera cornprende los insectos 11,5 cm de largo y más de 22 crn de envergadura. terrestres comúnmente lIarnados "tucuras", "sal­ Se conocen más de 20.000 especies distribuidas tamontes" , "langostas", "grillos", "grillotopos", por todo el mundo exceptuando los polos, estan­ "falso bicho palo" y otros grupos relacionados do mejor representadas en los trópicos. E! orden que no tienen nombres vulgares. Estos insectos es bien conocido por el poder de salto y la pro- 61 Rev. Soco Eniomoi. Argent. 59 (1-4), 2000 ducción de sonido (estridulación) de casi todos dentro de los paratipos (Art. 72, recornendación sus representantes. Los Orthoptera incluyen va­ 72 A). La localidad tipo es aquella que acompaña rios tipos biológicos, corno fitófilos, geófilos, ca­ al material original descripto en la publicación vernícolas, rnirmecófilos y excavadores, diurnos (Art. 72, recomendación 72 H Y Art. 73 (v)). Si y nocturnos, herbívoros y carnívoros (Rentz,. bien este trabajo no es una revisión" se hallaron -1991; Cigliano & Lange, 1998). ejemplares que no cumplían todos los requisitos Esteorden alberga un buen número de especies dispuestos por el ICZN pero fueron ten idos en consideradas como perjudiciales para las activida­ cuenta porque dichos ejemplares han sido usados des agrícola-ganaderas. En la Argentina, la mavoría por los autores, lo que les da un gran valor para de las especies perjudiciales pertenecen a la super­ futuras revisiones. Se hallaron "alotipos" que fue­ familia Acridoidea, aunque existen antecedentes ron designados con posterioridad a la publicación de daños causados por especies de Gryllidae y original. Si bien dicha designación no es disponi­ Gryllotalpidae (Cigliano & Lange, 1998). ble, al final del catálogo se detallan del mismo mo­ La colección del Departarnento Científico de do que el resto de los ejemplares tipo. En el caso de Entomología del Museo de La Plata (MLP) contie-­ los ejemplares rotulados corno paratipos pero que ne un gran núrnero de especies de Orthoptera, no fueron incluidos en la descripción original, se producto de la intensa labor de distintos científicos, prefirió mencionarlos dentro del catálogo para corno Ricardo A. Ronderos, Carlos S. Carbonell, hacer más fácil su búsqueda y ubicación. Alejo Mesa, Marius Descarnps, H. Radclyffe Ro­ berts y ¡tv\aría Marta Cigliano; y naturalistas, como Carlos Berg, Max Birabén, Luis E. Peña y Manuel ORGANIZACIÓN DEL CATÁLOGO J. \liana entre otros. Dado el inmenso valor de los rnateriales de es­ Los nombres de especies y subespecies se or­ te tipo para la correcta asignación de nornbres, el denan alfabéticamente por su epíteto específico Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológi• original en los subórdenes que les corresponde. ca (lCZN, 198.5) enurnera, entre las responsabili­ Para cada uno se consigna la siguiente infor­ dadesde las instituciones en que se hallan depo­ rnación, proveniente de los rótulos y de la publi­ sitados ejemplares tipo, el publicar listas de los cación original: ejemplares tipo en su posesión y custodia [ICZN, Nombre del taxón. El nombre de las especies Art. 72, recomendación 72 G (4)]. y subespecies se corresponde fielmente con el de El presente catálogo incluye todos los nornbres la publicación original, además se incluyen los específicos y subespecífícos publicados, hasta el nornbres válidamente publicados. año 1998, de los que existen tipos depositados en Publicación original. Se cita el autor, año de la colección del Museo de La Plata. Para cada uno publicación, nombre de la publicación original, de los ejemplares se proporciona la inforrnación re­ torno o volumen, número de página (s) y en caso levante extraída de los rótu los y de la publicación de existir, el de la (o las) figura (s) y lámina (s) co­ original, y se detalla el estado de conservación en rrespondiente (5). que se encuentra el rnaterial. Modificaciones nomenclaturales. Se detallan Se consideró apropiado incluir en la lista los todos los géneros en los cuales han sido ubicadas paratipos, dada la mayor facilidad para acceder las especies luego de su publicación original así co­ a ellos, y de allí la ventaja cuando se realizan mo la cita bibliográfica de dicha transferencia. Se estudios rnonográficos o de revisión. Adernás cita el nombre vál ido por el cual se conoce a la es­ constituyen una muestra representativa del lote pecie en la actualidad. Seguido del nombre figura estudiado por el autor, siendo val iosos en los ca­ entre paréntesis la familia y, en el caso de existir, sos en que la observación de holotipo resultara subfamilia y tribu a la cual pertenece, de acuerdo insuficiente (Lavett Smith & Buerkly,1969). con el catálogo de OUe & Naskrecki (1997), La designación de paratipos está especificada Tipos. Se aclara la categoría (holotipo, aloti­ en el ICZN en el artículo 73, recomendación 73 po, paratipo, sintipo, lectotipo, paralectotipo o O. Por lo tanto los mismos artículos que rigen so­ neotipo) y la cantidad de ejemplares discrimina­ bre el holotipo deben ser tenidos en cuenta para dos por sexos. los paratipos. Lo mismo ocurre con el alotipo, Número de registro. ~e corresponde con el que es un ejemplar del sexo opuesto al holotipo recibido por el material al ser incorporado a la 62 DONATO, 1\11., Los ejemplares Tipo de Orthoptera colección del Museo de La Plata. Como es de ru­ 3643/6-8. COLOi\1BIA: Cundinamarca, NE de tina en esta colección todos los ejemplares de Bogotá e/ Sopo y Sesquile. 7-1-1970, N. D. lago. una serie reciben elmismo número y cada uno de • Paratipo, hembra, 1\1LP nro. 3643/9. COLOMBIA: ellos se identifica con un número adicional sepa­ Cundinarnarca, Zipaquira (2.900 m). 13-XII­ rado mediante una barra. 1968, M. Descarnps. Procedencia, Los datos de procedencia se indi­ • Paratipo, macho, MLP nro. 3643/10. COLOM­ can mencionando: país, provincia, depártamento BL": Cundinamarca, páramo de Guasca. 19­ o estado, localidad, fecha de recolección, nombre XII-1968, M. Descamps. del recolector (es) y datos bionómicos. Estosdatos se corresponden con los de los rótu los. acutifrons Ronderos, Dichroolus aberrans. 1979a. Observaciones. Si el estado de conservación Rev. Soco Entomo/. Argent. 38(1-4): 111, Figs. del ejemplar es bueno no se efectúan observa­ 16 a 19 y 30 a 33. [Boliviacris acutifrons: Ron­ cjones, en caso contrario se detallan las partes deros & Cig!iano, 19903: 137] (Acrididae, Me:" ausentes. Se hace notar además en el caso de lanoplinae, Dichroplini). no haber coincidencia entre la localidad tipo • Paratipo, macho, MLP nro. 3668/1. BOLIVIA: que figura en los rótulos y la publicada para Potosí, Potosí (3.500 m). 27-11-1976; L. E. Peña. ese ejemplar. Observaciones generales. En la colección del Observaciones generales. En el caso de hallar Museo se encuentra un ejernplar rotulado como problemas nornenclaturales que conciernen al ta­ paratipo (hembra, MLP nro. 3668/2. BOLlV'IA: xón en particular se mencionan en este punto. Potosí, Yocana (3.900 rn). 27-11-1976, L. E. Peña) que no está citado en la publicación original, por lo tanto no es material tipo. SLJBORDEN Cl\ELIFERA acutifrons Ronderos, Neopedies. 1991 a. Rev. Soco aberrans Ronderos, Oichroplus. 1979a. Rev. Soco Entomo/. Argent. 49(1-4): 32, Figs. 6- A a 6- 1. Entomo/. Argent. 38(174): 110, Figs. lOa 15, (Acrididae, Melanoplinae). 27 Y 29. [Bo/iviacris aberrans: Ronderos & Ci­ • Paratipos (4), hembras, ¡\-1LP nro. 1110/1-4. BRA­ gliana, 1990a: 137] (Acrididae, Melanoplinae, SIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Palmeira das Miss6es. Dichroplini). 1·-1978, O. Roppa, • Paratipos (6), 3 machos y 3 hembras, MLP nro. • Paratipo, hembra, MLP nro. 1110/6. BRASIL: 3670/ 1-·6.
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