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Measuring Orthoptera Diversity Jean Carlos Santos Geraldo Wilson Fernandes Editors Measuring Arthropod Biodiversity A Handbook of Sampling Methods Jean Carlos Santos • Geraldo Wilson Fernandes Editors Measuring Arthropod Biodiversity A Handbook of Sampling Methods Editors Jean Carlos Santos Geraldo Wilson Fernandes Department of Ecology Department of Genetics, Ecology Universidade Federal de Sergipe and Evolution São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil ISBN 978-3-030-53225-3 ISBN 978-3-030-53226-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53226-0 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Contents Part I 1 Arthropods: Why It Is So Crucial to Know Their Biodiversity? . 3 Jean Carlos Santos, Wanessa Rejane de Almeida, and Geraldo Wilson Fernandes 2 Sampling and Analysis Methods for Ant Diversity Assessment . 13 Jacques Delabie, Elmo Koch, Pavel Dodonov, Bianca Caitano, Wesley DaRocha, Benoit Jahyny, Maurice Leponce, Jonathan Majer, and Clea Mariano 3 Bees: How and Why to Sample Them . 55 Laurence Packer and Gerome Darla-West 4 Social Wasp Sampling Methods . 85 Fábio Prezoto, Tatiane Tagliatti Maciel, Bruno Corrêa Barbosa, and Carlos Eduardo Sarmiento 5 Sampling Methods for Butterflies (Lepidoptera) . 101 André V. L. Freitas, Jessie P. Santos, Augusto H. B. Rosa, Cristiano A. Iserhard, Aline Richter, Ricardo R. Siewert, Patrícia E. Gueratto, Junia Y. O. Carreira, and Giselle M. Lourenço 6 Sampling Methods for Beetles (Coleoptera) . 125 Luciana Iannuzzi, Carolina Nunes Liberal, Thamyrys Bezerra de Souza, Thais Giovannini Pellegrini, Janaina Camara Siqueira da Cunha, Ricardo Koroiva, Larissa Simões Corrêa de Albuquerque, Fábio Correia Costa, Renato Portela Salomão, Artur Campos Dália Maia, and Fernando Willyan Trevisan Leivas 7 Sampling Methods for Adult Flies (Diptera) . 187 Brian V. Brown vii viii Contents 8 Sampling Methods of True Fruit Flies (Tephritidae) . 205 Vicente Hernández-Ortiz, Mónica Hernández-López, and José F. Dzul-Cauich 9 Sampling Methods for Dragonflies and Damselflies . 223 Rodrigo Roucourt Cezário, Paloma Pena Firme, Gabrielle C. Pestana, Diogo S. Vilela, Leandro Juen, Adolfo Cordero-Rivera, and Rhainer Guillermo 10 Sampling Methods for Termites (Insecta: Blattaria: Isoptera) . 241 Reginaldo Constantino 11 Measuring Orthoptera Diversity . 257 Carlos Frankl Sperber, Edison Zefa, Elliott Centeno de Oliveira, Lucas Denadai de Campos, Márcio Perez Bolfarini, Marcos Fianco, Marcos Gonçalves Lhano, Natállia Vicente, Neucir Szinwelski, Pedro Guilherme Barrios de Souza Dias, Riuler Corrêa Acosta, and Victor Mateus Prasniewski 12 Hemiptera Sampling Methods . 289 Cristiano F. Schwertner, Renan Carrenho, Felipe F. F. Moreira, and Gerasimos Cassis 13 Collecting and Sampling Methods for Thrips . 315 Estevão Alves Silva, Elison Fabricio B. Lima, Rita Marullo, and Arturo Goldaracena Lafuente Part II 14 Techniques for Collection and Sampling of Pseudoscorpions (Arthropoda: Arachnida) . 341 Edwin Bedoya-Roqueme and Everton Tizo-Pedroso 15 Standardized Sampling Methods and Protocols for Harvestman and Spider Assemblages . 365 Ana Lúcia Tourinho and Nancy Lo-Man-Hung Part III 16 Sampling Galls and Galling Arthropods . 403 Walter Santos de Araújo, Maria Virgínia Urso-Guimarães, Milton de Souza Mendonça Jr, and Jean Carlos Santos 17 Collecting, Rearing, and Preserving Leaf- Mining Insects . 439 Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Natalia Kirichenko, and Issei Ohshima 18 Canopy Insect Sampling . 467 Timothy Schowalter and Jung-Tai Chao Contents ix 19 Sampling Methods for Soil and Litter Fauna . 495 Grizelle González, Maria Fernanda Barberena-Arias, Wei Huang, and Claudia M. Ospina-Sánchez 20 Sampling Methods for Aquatic Insects . 523 Marcos Callisto, Riccardo Mugnai, Diego M. P. Castro, and Marden S. Linares 21 Sampling Methods for Blood-Feeding Insects Diversity . 545 Álvaro Eduardo Eiras, Elis Paula de Almeida Batista, and Marcelo Carvalho de Resende Index . 583 Contributors Riuler Corrêa Acosta Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Larissa Simões Corrêa de Albuquerque Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil Elis Paula de Almeida Batista Laboratory of Innovation Technologies in Vector Control, Department of Parasitology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Wanessa Rejane de Almeida Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil Walter Santos de Araújo Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil Maria Fernanda Barberena-Aerias School of Natural Sciences and Technology, Universidad Ana G. Méndez, Gurabo, Puerto Rico Bruno Corrêa Barbosa Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental e Bioacústica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil Edwin Bedoya-Roqueme Programa de Pós-graduação, Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, RENAC, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Anápolis, GO, Brazil Research Group on Marine and Coastal Biodiversity BIODIMARC, Study Group on Arachnology PALPATORES, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Colombia Márcio Perez Bolfarini Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil Brian V. Brown Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA xi xii Contributors Bianca Caitano Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil Marcos Callisto Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Lucas Denadai de Campos Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Junia Y. O. Carreira Depto. Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Renan Carrenho Museu de Zoologia, Universidae de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Gerasimos Cassis Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Diego M. P. Castro Laboratório de Ecologia de Bentos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Rodrigo Roucourt Cezário LESTES Lab, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil University of São Paulo—USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Jung-Tai Chao Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan , ROC Reginaldo Constantino Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil Adolfo Cordero-Rivera ECO-EVO Lab, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain Fábio Correia Costa Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil Janaina Camara Siqueira da Cunha Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA Gerome Darla-West Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada Wesley DaRocha Laboratório de Mirmecologia, Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau/ CEPLAC, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil Jacques Delabie Laboratório de Mirmecologia, Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau/ CEPLAC, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil Contributors xiii Pavel Dodonov Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil José F. Dzul-Cauich Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico Álvaro Eduardo Eiras Laboratory of Innovation Technologies in Vector Control, Department of Parasitology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Geraldo Wilson Fernandes Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Marcos Fianco Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia), Universidade
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