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Sejarah Partuha Maujana Simalungun Tahun 1964-1969

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Sejarah Partuha Maujana Simalungun Tahun 1964-1969 SEJARAH PARTUHA MAUJANA SIMALUNGUN TAHUN 1964-1969 TESIS Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Humaniora Dalam Program Studi Magister Ilmu Sejarah Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Oleh: ZULHAM SIREGAR NIM. 167050007 PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER (S2) ILMU SEJARAH FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2020 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TESIS SEJARAH PARTUHA MAUJANA SIMALUNGUN TAHUN 1964-1969 Diajukan oleh : ZULHAM SIREGAR NIM: 167050007 Telah disetujui oleh Komisi Pembimbing Pembimbing I Dr. Suprayitno, M.Hum NIP. 1961011988031004 tanggal : .......................... Pembimbing II Warjio, Ph.D NIP. 197408062006041003 tanggal : .......................... PROGRAM STUDI S2 ILMU SEJARAH Ketua, Dr. Suprayitno, M.Hum NIP. 1961011988031004 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PERSETUJUAN Judul tesis : SEJARAH PARTUHA MAUJANA SIMALUNGUN TAHUN 1964-1969 Nama : ZULHAM SIREGAR Nomor Pokok : 167050007 Program Studi : Magister (S2) Ilmu Sejarah Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Menyetujui Komisi Pembimbing, Ketua, anggota, Dr, Suprayitno, M.Hum Warjio, Ph.D NIP. 1961011988031004 NIP. 197408062006041003 Program Studi S2 Ilmu Seajarah : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya : Ketua, Dekan, Dr, Suprayitno, M.Hum Dr.Budi Agustono, M.S NIP. 1961011988031004 NIP. 196008051987031001 iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Telah diuji pada Tanggal : 30 Januari 2020 Ketua pembimbing I : Dr. Suprayitno, M.Hum ( ) Ketua Pembimbing II : Warjio,Ph.D ( ) Penguji I : Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S ( ) Penguji II : Dr. Rahimah, M. Ag ( ) iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Tesis ini bertuuan mengkaji Sejarah lembaga adat Simalungun di kabupaten Simalungun yang diberi nama Partuha Maujana Simalungun pada periode 1964- 1969. PMS merupakan lembaga adat yang bergerak atas kelanjutan dari gerakan memperjuangkan identitasnya terhadap aksi zending, politik Kolonial serta dominasi batak Toba dalam penyebaran agama didalam gereja. Berawal dengan berdirinya gkps sebagai bentuk penguatan identitas didalam penyebaran agama lalu dilanjutkan dengan mendirikan lembaga adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun sebagai penguatan adat dan budaya Simalungun. Fokus pertanyaan pada penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana identitas Etnik Simalungun sebelum terbentuknya lembaga adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun? (2) Mengapa etnis Simalungun perlu membentuk lembaga adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun? Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sejarah dengan memanfaatkan beberapa sumber, baik sumber primer maupun sumber sekunder. Adapun temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah; Pertama, pergulatan Identitas primordial orang Simalungun (hasimalungunon) telah ada sejak etnis ini ada jauh sebelum terbentuknya Lembaga Adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun. Keterkejutan yang luar biasa terjadi sebagai dampak perjumapaan orang Simalungun dengan kaum pendatang yang jumlahnya sangat besar dan diluar dari dugaan mereka. Dampak dari perjumpaan itu mengakibatkan ambigu pada diri orang Simalungun. Para pendatang yang awalnya sebagai kuli kontrak perkebenunan, secara bebas mengembangkan kebudayaan mereka di wilayah Simalungun. Kedua: melalui seminar kebudayaan dan pembentukan Lembaga Adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun, telah ditetapkan bahwa ‘ahap’ adalah identitas orang Simalungun. Hal ini merupakan perumusan dan perevitalisasian identitas setelah mengalami berbagai perubahan sosial budaya. Ketiga: Dalam pidatonya Radjamin Purba pada seminar kebudayaan yang dilaksanakan partuha maujana Simalungun mengatakan bahwa merembaknya separatisme akibat merebak ancaman disintegrasi bangsa oleh daerah-daerah berupa penolakan terhadap otoritas pusat. Pada saat itu, beberapa bergejolak dan menolak Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia yang menyebutkan dirinya dengan PRRI dan DI/TII. Namun dapat dipastikan, pergualatan identitas dan perincian batas-batas kebudayaan Simalungun murni karena bentuk kesadaran etnis yang disebabkan oleh termarginalnya kebudayaan Simalungun oleh kebuyaan luar. Dengan begitu dengan berdirinya GKPS dan lembaga adat Partuha Maujana Simalungun dimaknai sebagai awal bangkitnya spirit hasimalungunon. Kata kunci: Lembaga Adat, Partuha Maujana Simalungun v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to examine the history of the Simalungun customary institution in Simalungun district which was named Partuha Maujana Simalungun in the period 1964-1969. PMS is a traditional institution that is engaged in the continuation of the movement to fight for its identity against zending, colonial politics and the domination of the Toba Batak in the spread of religion in the church. Starting with the establishment of the GKPS as a form of strengthening identity in the spread of religion then it was continued by establishing the Partuha Maujana Simalungun customary institution as a strengthening of Simalungun customs and culture. The focus of questions in this research are (1) What was the identity of the Simalungun ethnic group before the formation of the customary institution Partuha Maujana Simalungun? (2) Why did the Simalungun ethnic group need to form the Partuha Maujana Simalungun customary institution? In this study using history by utilizing several sources, both primary and secondary sources. The findings in this study are; First, the struggle for primordial identity of the Simalungun people (hasimalungunon) has existed since this ethnicity existed long before the formation of the Partuha Maujana Simalungun Customary Institution. An extraordinary surprise occurred as a result of the encounter between the Simalungun people and the immigrants who were very large in number and beyond their expectations. The impact of this encounter caused ambiguity in the Simalungun people. The newcomers, who were originally contract workers in a plantation, freely developed their culture in the Simalungun area. Second: through cultural seminars and the establishment of the Partuha Maujana Simalungun Customary Institution, it has been determined that 'ahap' is the identity of the Simalungun people. This is the formulation and revitalization of identity after experiencing various socio-cultural changes. Third: In his speech Radjamin Purba at a cultural seminar held by Partuha Maujana Simalungun said that the outbreak of separatism was due to the widespread threat of national disintegration by regions in the form of rejection of central authority. At that time, some flared up and rejected the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia which identified itself as PRRI and DI / TII. However, it can be ascertained that the struggle for identity and the details of the boundaries of the Simalungun culture is purely due to the form of ethnic awareness caused by the marginalization of the Simalungun culture by external culture. In this way, the establishment of the GKPS and the customary institution Partuha Maujana Simalungun was interpreted as the beginning of the awakening of the hasimalungunon spirit. Keywords: Customary Institutions, Partuha Maujana Simalungun vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TESIS Dengan ini saya, Zulham Siregar, menyatakan bahwa tesis ini adalah asli hasil karya saya sendiri dan belum pernah diajukan sebagai pemenuhan persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan baik Strata Satu (S1), Strata Dua (S2), maupun Strata Tiga (S3) pada Universitas Sumatera Utara maupun perguruan tinggi lain. Semua informasi yang dimuat dalam tesis ini yang berasal daripenulis lain baik yang dipublikasikan maupun tidak telah diberikan penghargaan dengan mengutip nama sumber penulis seara benar dan semua isi dari tesis ini sepenuhnya menjadi tanggung jawab saya sebagai penulis. Medan, 30 januari 2020 Zulham Siregar Nim: 167050007 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN Kalau Mau Menunggu Sampai Siap, Kita Akan Menghabiskan Sisa Hidup Kita Hanya Untuk Menungg. “Lemony Snicket” Dipersembahkan Untuk : Kedua Orang Tua viii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillahirobbli’alamin. Puji dan syukur saya panjatkan kepada Allah SWT atas anugrah dan ridhonya yang diberikan kepada saya, sehingga thesis ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Sebuah penghormatan yang ternilai bagi saya ketika dalam pengerjaan thesis ini hingga rampung walaupun menelan waktu, tenaga, materi, pikiran dan serta moral yang tinggi. Thesis ini adalah salah satu persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi oleh setiap mahasiswa yang ingin mengakhiri masa studinya di pasca sarjana. Setelah pergulatan yang cukup panjang, akhirnya tesis ini dapat diselesaikan walaupun meleset dari waktu yang seharusnya. Hal tersebut dikarenakan banyaknya tantanggan dalam penulisan thesis ini. Tantangan terberat dalam penulisan thesis ini yaitu data-data mengenai lembaga adat PMS yang sedikit serta sedikitnya tulisan yang membahas mengenai lembaga adat ini. Oleh sebab itu, proses penulisan tetap dimaksimalkan dengan penggunaan sumber-sumber sekunder yang sezaman serta ditambah dengan sumber berdasarkan wawancara. Berkat keyakinan dan dorongan untuk menghasilkan penulisan sejarah lokal, akhirnya penulis dapat menyelesaikan thesis ini. Tema dan judul tesis ini dipilih berdasarkan keinginan untuk menulis sejarah lokal khususnya sejarah lembaga adat PMS, penulis sebagai putera daerah merasa terpanggil untuk memberikan sumbangan kecil kepada tanah kelahirannya. Di dalam tulisan ini terkandung harapan dan semoga bisa bermanfaat untuk menambah literasi sejarah lokal di Simalungun. Banyaknya kekurangan dalam ix UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA penulisan sejarah lokal mengenai lembaga adat PMS, maka penulis menggali kekurangan tersebut agar penulisan tesis ini bisa
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