Bush Fire Bulletin 2009 Vol 31 No 3.Pdf
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Roadside Fire Management Guidelines Contents CONTENTS
Roadside Fire Management Guidelines contents CONTENTS PART A: INTRODUCTION 2 LEGISLATION 2 ROADSIDE MANAGEMENT PLANNING 3 MUNICIPAL FIRE PREVENTION PLANNING 3 PART B: ROADSIDE FIRE MANAGEMENT 5 OBJECTIVES OF ROADSIDE FIRE MANAGEMENT 5 Objective 1: Prevent Fires on Roadsides 8 Objective 2: Contain Roadside Fires 12 Objective 3: Manage Safety of Road Users 20 Objective 4: Provide Control Lines 24 Objective 5: Recovery From Roadside Fires 27 PART C: ROADSIDE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS 29 THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS 29 SUMMARY OF RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS 29 SELECTING TREATMENT OPTIONS 30 Roadside Reserve Categories 31 ROADSIDE RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET 32 PART D: APPENDICES 34 Appendix 1: CFA Regions 34 Appendix 2: Glossary of Terms 35 REFERENCES 37 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS These guidelines have been developed by the Country Fire Authority Victoria (CFA), after consultation with the Rural and Urban Fire Brigades Associations, Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DNRE), VicRoads and the Municipal Association of Victoria (MAV). Roadside Fire Management Guidelines 1 PART A part a INTRODUCTION Traditionally, roadsides have been used extensively for the implementation of fire prevention programs. With changes in land and resource management and a shift to risk based emergency management, there is a need to review fire prevention on roadsides to keep pace INTRODUCTION with community expectations and ensure a consistent approach to fire management. LEGISLATION Conservation values of national significance are protected under the Commonwealth’s Environment -
And Inquests Into a Wildfire and the Deaths of Five Firefighters at Linton on 2 December 1998
R eport of the Investigation and Inquests into a Wildfire and the Deaths of Five Firefighters at Linton on 2 December 1998 STATE CORONER’S OFFICE, VICTORIA Preface Introduction The Coronial Inquest hearings into the December 1998 Linton fire and the tragic deaths of five Geelong West volunteer firefighters (Messrs. Stuart Davidson, Garry Vredeveldt, Christopher Evans, Jason Thomas and Matthew Armstrong) took 106 hearing days and produced in excess of 11,500 pages of transcript. Over 28,000 pages of exhibit and other documents were produced during the running of the Inquests. There were over 1500 pages of submissions and replies by the legal representatives for the interested parties. The Coronial Investigation into how the deaths occurred and the fire was managed raised many questions that required detailed examination. A coronial inquest hearing forms part of this overall investigation process. A significant number of issues canvassed at the Inquest hearings and raised in the documentation produced during the Investigation were critical to the safe management of the fire and for the future safety of firefighters. Apart from the entrapment that took the lives of the Geelong West Crew, a number of other incidents occurred earlier in the management of the fire, which placed the lives of many other firefighters at serious risk. Ultimately, the failures of training, supervision, communication, enforcement of operational and safety systems lay behind the deaths of the volunteer firefighters and the serious risks to the lives of many other firefighters in the wildfire that has come to be known as “Linton.” The Coronial Investigation was undertaken in order to determine how the deaths and fire occurred, who contributed to the deaths and fire and what could be done to prevent such occurrences in the future. -
BF - (2003) Bush Firefighter Manual
BF - (2003) Bush Firefighter Manual THE NEW SOUTH WALES GOVERNMENT A NSW Rural Fire Service (RFS) Publication For use by members of the NSW Rural Fire Service Suggested distribution: All BF, BFG and BFS trainees - one copy All Firecoms and bases - one copy Prepared by NSW Rural Fire Service 3/175-179 James Ruse Drive Rosehill, NSW, 2142 Tel: (02) 9684 4411 Fax: (02) 9638 6716 The consultative process for the development of this Manual consisted of: • A “needs analysis” examining NSW Rural Fire Service and kindred organisation accidents, operations, Service Standards, and standard operating procedures; relevant national training packages, and existing national and interstate training materials. • A “wants analysis” consisting of conducting focus groups of members from a wide variety of areas across the state (participation invited through requests for expressions of interest in Service Circulars) and examining formal and informal feedback. • A period of review, trial and comment on the 10 draft chapters of the Manual extending from 1 July 2002 until 30 June 2003, with inclusion of relevant feedback and comment. • Final referral of the manual to NSW Rural Fire Service, Learning and Development Systems section, for endorsement and production. Dedication This Manual is dedicated to the memory of the late Eric Hughes who produced the original Bush Fire Personnel (BP) training modules in the early 1980s. Eric established a competency based training system for bush firefighters in NSW more than a decade before it was introduced generally for vocational training throughout the nation. The BP modules were adopted, in one form or another, by virtually every Australian firefighting organisation, and strong echoes of their content remain in current national fire training material and in this Manual. -
A Classification of US Wildland Firefighter Entrapments Based on Coincident Fuels, Weather, and Topography
fire Article A Classification of US Wildland Firefighter Entrapments Based on Coincident Fuels, Weather, and Topography Wesley G. Page *, Patrick H. Freeborn, Bret W. Butler and W. Matt Jolly USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences Lab, Missoula, MT 59808, USA; [email protected] (P.H.F.); [email protected] (B.W.B.); [email protected] (W.M.J.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-406-329-4821 Received: 12 September 2019; Accepted: 5 October 2019; Published: 9 October 2019 Abstract: Previous attempts to identify the environmental factors associated with firefighter entrapments in the United States have suggested that there are several common denominators. Despite the widespread acceptance of the assumed commonalities, few studies have quantified how often entrapments actually meet these criteria. An analysis of the environmental conditions at the times and locations of 166 firefighter entrapments involving 1202 people and 117 fatalities that occurred between 1981 and 2017 in the conterminous United States revealed some surprising results. Contrary to general assumptions, we found that at broad spatial scales firefighter entrapments happen under a wide range of environmental conditions, including during low fire danger and on flat terrain. A cluster-based analysis of the data suggested that entrapments group into four unique archetypes that typify the common environmental conditions: (1) low fire danger, (2) high fire danger and steep slopes, (3) high fire danger and low canopy cover, and (4) high fire danger and high canopy cover. There are at least three important implications from the results of this study; one, fire environment conditions do not need to be extreme or unusual for an entrapment to occur, two, the region and site specific context is important, and, three, non-environmental factors such as human behavior remain a critical but difficult to assess factor in wildland firefighter entrapment potential. -
FIREGROUND RESPONSE 3 Volume II: Fire Preparation, Response and Recovery
FIREGROUND RESPONSE 3 Volume II: Fire Preparation, Response and Recovery 3 FIreground response In the lead-up to 7 February 2009 firefighters took precautionary measures, and when a response was required it was rapid and apt. The preparations of many brigades were exemplary. Some localities pre-positioned firefighting resources in readiness and others responded to nearby districts to support firefighting efforts. The Commission heard evidence of responsive and resourceful activity from firefighters on the day, and it commends their efforts. Many operational systems worked well, particularly considering the weather conditions. There were, however, some areas—such as timely fireground warnings to firefighters and appointing safety officers to incident management teams—where systemic problems emerged. Communications also fell short and this affected the safety of some fire crews caught unexpectedly when the wind changed. Aerial firefighting preparations and dispatch systems did not always provide the required response and need review to make them more responsive. Essential requirements such as access to water and electricity also caused problems. Successful response to a fire relies on a blend of personnel, resources and processes. These include systems for rapid fire detection, deployment of appropriate equipment and personnel to assist suppression, accurate and timely intelligence about fires and weather conditions, and good communication. In addition, robust systems are required to support firefighters on the ground and ensure their safety. Timely and precise information from the firefront is also critical to enable accurate warnings for the community. Given its terms of reference, the Commission focused on Victorian fire management systems, agencies and structures, while recognising that in many cases these are not unique to Victoria. -
Transcript of Proceedings
_______________________________________________________________ TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS _______________________________________________________________ The attached transcript, while an accurate recording of evidence given in the course of the hearing day, is not proofread prior to circulation and thus may contain minor errors. 2009 VICTORIAN BUSHFIRES ROYAL COMMISSION MELBOURNE WEDNESDAY 20 MAY 2009 (8th day of hearing) BEFORE: THE HONOURABLE B. TEAGUE AO - Chairman MR R. MCLEOD AM - Commissioner MS S. PASCOE AM - Commissioner _____________________________________________________________ VICTORIAN GOVERNMENT REPORTING SERVICE 565 Lonsdale Street, Melbourne - Telephone 9603 2403 121834 1 MR CLELLAND: I understand that it is intended to interpose this 2 morning a witness, Paul Hendrie. 3 CHAIRMAN: Yes. 4 MR CLELLAND: Mr Hendrie was the captain of the Kinglake 5 brigade, a member of the CFA, and had, amongst other 6 things, some involvement in the events of 7 February in 7 Kinglake. Having received a statement from Mr Hendrie 8 yesterday, it also seemed apparent to me that Mr Hendrie 9 dealt with some community fireguard meetings in the area of 10 Kinglake in the period prior to 7 February and, indeed, as 11 it now has emerged this morning, actually attended at a 12 meeting, a fireguard meeting of the Bald Spur Road group on 13 20 December. 14 I have requested that certain information be 15 provided. We think that it might be of assistance to the 16 Commission just about the workings of that fireguard group, 17 the kind of information that they were provided generally 18 and even specifically on that date. I have also just been 19 provided before the Commission came on to the bench with 20 what appears to be an earlier police statement of 21 Mr Hendrie. -
Additional Presentation Abstracts Abstracts for the 2010 Human Dimensions of Wildland Fire Conference Proceedings
ADDITIONAL PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS ABSTRACTS FOR THE 2010 HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLAND FIRE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 1.0 PLENARY SESSIONS 1.1 Australian Response to the Black Saturday Fires: What is and isn’t Changing? Presenters Naomi Brown, Australasian Fire Authorities Council Alan Rhodes, Country Fire Authority Abstract The wildfires of 7 February 2009 in Victoria, Australia, management have been under intense scrutiny and that killed 173 people and destroyed more than 2,000 have been the focus of public debate. The presentation homes shocked the world. The government quickly will provide an overview of the fires, the Royal established a Royal Commission, the highest form of Commission findings, and the implications that flow inquiry possible in Australia, to investigate all aspects from these events. The presentation will also include of the disaster. Both the fires and the proceedings reflection on some fundamental issues that have arisen, of the Royal Commission have significantly altered such as the community’s role in responding to the risk public perceptions of the wildfire risk and how of wildfire and whether agencies and the community agencies need to respond. Key issues such as the can share responsibility for dealing with the risk. “stay or go” approach, warning systems, and incident Proceedings of the Second Conference on the Human Dimensions of Wildland Fire GTR-NRS-P-84 113 1.2 When the Incident doesn’t End: Life in the Grinder (The Experiences of a State Agency Tasked with Managing Multiple Long-Duration Incidents and the Impact on its Personnel) Presenter Mark D. Stanford, Fire Operations Chief, Texas Forest Service Abstract From 2005 through 2009, Texas Forest Service (TFS) for more than 65 percent of the 5-year period. -
CFA Annual Report 2019-20 8 Lakeside Drive, Burwood East Vic 3149 Telephone (03) 9262 8444 Cfa.Vic.Gov.Au
Annual Report 2019–20 All material in this publication is provided under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 international licence with the exception of any images, photographs or branding, including CFA and government logos. In some cases a third party may hold copyright in material in this publication and their permission may be required to use the material. See creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Material obtained from this publication is to be attributed as: © State of Victoria (Country Fire Authority) 2020. Cover photo: Epping Fire Brigade’s Asim Siddiqui 2 Country Fire Authority Annual Report 2019–20 Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................4 Chair’s foreword ....................................................................................................................................................4 From the CEO/Chief Officer ...............................................................................................................................6 CFA Victoria ................................................................................................................................................8 Who we are.............................................................................................................................................................8 CFA’s response to the coronavirus ..................................................................................................................9 -
Standard Operating Procedures for Bush Fire Brigades
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR BUSH FIRE BRIGADES AMENDMENT NO:2 DATE: FEBRUARY 2016 GNOWANGERUP BUSH FIR E B R I G A D E S S T A N D A R D OPERATING PROCEDURES – (SOP ’S) CONTENTS VOLUNTEER BUSHFIRE BRIGADE PROFILE............................................ 1 SOP 1- INCIDENT NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES .................................... 2 BRIGADES ................................................................................................................................................ 2 SOP 2 – CALL OUT PROCEDURE ........................................................... 3 INITIAL NOTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................ 3 SOP 3 – BUSHFIRE RESPONSE .............................................................. 4 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 4 PRINCIPLES/PLANNING FACTORS ............................................................................................................ 4 PROCEDURES ........................................................................................................................................... 5 ARRIVAL ................................................................................................................................................... 5 INITIAL ATTACK ...................................................................................................................................... -
Reporting Fire in Australia's Forests and Vegetation
Reporting fire in Australia’s forests and vegetation D.J. Walsh, K.E. Rumba, J., Hoare, M. Parsons and R. Thackway April 2007 © Commonwealth of Australia 2007 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca. The Australian Government acting through the Bureau of Rural Sciences has exercised due care and skill in the preparation and compilation of the information and data set out in this publication. Notwithstanding, the Bureau of Rural Sciences, its employees and advisers disclaim all liability, including liability for negligence, for any loss, damage, injury, expense or cost incurred by any person as a result of accessing, using or relying upon any of the information or data set out in this publication to the maximum extent permitted by law. Postal address: Bureau of Rural Sciences GPO Box 858 Canberra, ACT 2601 Copies available from: BRS Publication Sales GPO Box 858 Canberra ACT 2601 Ph: 1800 020 157 Fax: 02 6272 2330 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.brs.gov.au Preferred citation: Walsh, D.J., Rumba, K.E., Hoare, J., Parsons, M., and Thackway R. 2006. Reporting Fire in Australia’s Forests and Vegetation. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra. Acknowledgements The first draft of this report was prepared in 2001. -
Tourism Business Fire Ready Kit Introduction
Tourism Business Fire Ready Kit Introduction You may think that a bush or grass fire will never affect your business, and we hope you are right. However, the fact is, Victoria is one of the most fire-prone areas in the world and bushfires occur every summer. If a bushfire starts near your business, you How will a written bushfire plan and your employees may be under pressure help your business? to ensure the safety of yourselves and others. A written plan can: Understanding your risks and responsibilities, and planning what you will do now will help • Save lives by helping you to stay focused you respond in the best possible way. and respond in the best possible way when you’re under pressure. This resource kit has been developed to help • Help to protect your investments and get you understand your local risks, prepare your your business back up and running more business and your employees, identify your quickly after the threat of fire has passed. triggers to act, understand how to inform customers and undertake planning. • Minimise the loss of profits. • Ensure your employees’ needs are accounted for in your planning. “ We did have an emergency bushfire plan in place – one that you think you’re never • Ensure you comply with the Victorian going to use. But, on the day, it actually Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004. worked exceptionally well. • Reduce the anxiety that people may feel on high-risk bushfire days. We found that the procedures we put in place made it easier for us all to know what • Remind you what you need to do every year to do, and certainly in dealing with our to prepare your property, your employees guests as well. -
Firefighter Minimum Skills (Integrated) Vfm170
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services FIREFIGHTER MINIMUM SKILLS (INTEGRATED) VFM170 VERSION 3.0 - JANUARY - 2017 VFM170 v3 - Jan 2017.indd 1 18/01/2017 10:09:41 AM Acknowledgements RFS acknowledges the assistance provided by State Operations Directorate, RFS firefighters, RFS training in the development of this material. © State of Queensland (Queensland Fire and Emergency Services) 2016. All material in this document – except any material protected by a trademark, and unless otherwise noted – is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. VFM170 v3 - Jan 2017.indd 2 18/01/2017 10:09:41 AM Contents 01 Introduction 5 3.3 Components of Transmission 54 3.4 Radio Networks 54 1.1 Introduction Symbols 6 3.5 Communications Equipment 56 1.2 Participant Information 7 02 Chapter 1 - Brigade Safety 9 3.6 Radio Procedures 58 3.7 Radio Call Signs 62 1.1 Personal Protective Equipment 10 3.8 Standard Messages 63 1.2 Health Hazards 12 05 Chapter 4 - Extinguishing Media & 1.3 Fireground Hazards 18 Equipment 65 1.4 When Threatened by Wildfire 23 4.1 Heavy Machinery & Aircraft 66 1.5 Ergonomic Hazards 25 4.2 Hand & Power Tools 66 1.6 Hazard Controls 25 4.3 Pumps 69 1.7 Manage & Assess Risks 27 4.4 Hoses & Fittings 70 1.8 LACES 28 4.5 Water 75 1.9 Situational Awareness 29 4.6 Foam 77 1.10 Workplace Health and Safety 29 4.7 Retardants 78 1.11 Policies & Procedures 31 06 Chapter 5 - Prepare, Test & Maintain 03 Chapter 2 - Teamwork 33 Equipment 79 2.1 Principles of Teamwork 34 5.1 Operational Readiness 80 2.2 Firefighter Classifications 37