Creating the Technology to Connect the World
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Nokia in 2019 Creating the technology to connect the world Nokia in 2019 Nokia in 2019 This is it. 5G is here. Networks, businesses and public services are being transformed and we are at the forefront. Rajeev Suri President and CEO Business overview 04 We create the technology to connect the world 04 Letter from our President and CEO 06 Market trends driving our strategy 10 Our strategy 12 Innovation 17 Nokia Bell Labs 19 Sales and marketing 21 Business groups 22 Mobile Networks 22 Global Services 24 Fixed Networks 26 IP/Optical Networks 28 Nokia Software 30 Nokia Enterprise 32 Nokia Technologies 36 Principal industry trends affecting operations 40 Board review 44 Board review 46 Results of operations 47 Results of segments 53 Liquidity and capital resources 61 Significant subsequent events 63 Sustainability and corporate responsibility 64 Shares and share capital 71 Risk factors 72 Corporate governance 74 Corporate governance statement 78 Compensation 97 General facts on Nokia 110 Our history 112 Memorandum and Articles of Association 113 Selected financial data 115 Shares 116 Shareholders 118 Production of infrastructure equipment and products 120 Financial statements 121 Consolidated primary statements 122 Notes to consolidated financial statements 128 Parent company primary statements 195 Notes to the parent company primary statements 199 Signing of the Annual Accounts 2019 213 Auditor’s report 214 Other information 219 Forward-looking statements 220 Introduction and use of certain terms 221 Key ratios 222 Alternative performance measures 223 Glossary of terms 224 Investor information 227 Contact information 228 NOKIA IN 2019 01 02 NOKIA IN 2019 Connecting people across communities and industries wherever they live and work. NOKIA IN 2019 03 We create the technology to connect the world 5G is changing how people live, work and A global technology leader communicate. Whole industries are being transformed. Networks are becoming faster Net sales 2019 by region and more responsive. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are allowing systems 1 to sense their environment and react 6 instantaneously. Digitalization and automation are making Industry 4.0 a reality. 5 2 4 Nokia is addressing these changes around the globe. 3 Our end-to-end portfolio of solutions and services is unique; our ability to partner with customers anywhere and address 1 Asia-Pacific EUR 4 556m (+12%) 2 Europe(1) EUR 6 620m (+2%) their needs is clearly demonstrated; and we are absolutely 3 Greater China EUR 1 843m (-15%) committed to quality, sustainability and integrity. Security is 4 Latin America EUR 1 472m (+7%) 5 Middle East & Africa EUR 1 876m (0%) built in everything we do. 6 North America EUR 6 948m (+6%) We are driving the innovation for tomorrow and delivering the technology today to make businesses more productive, environments cleaner, workplaces safer, economies stronger, and lives enriched. These are the expectations our customers trust us to deliver. Net sales 2019 by business(2) 4 3 2 Financial highlights For the year ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 D A Continuing operations EURm EURm EURm Net sales 23 315 22 563 23 147 C Gross profit 8 326 8 446 9 139 B Gross margin 35.7% 37.4% 39.5% Operating profit/(loss) 485 (59) 16 1 Operating margin 2.1% (0.3)% 0.1% Profit/(loss) for the year 18 (549) (1 437) 1 Networks EUR 18 209m (+5%) A Mobile Access EUR 11 655m (+3%) EUR EUR EUR B Fixed Access EUR 1 881m (-5%) Earnings per share, diluted 0.00 (0.10) (0.26) C IP Routing EUR 2 921m (+15%) Dividend per share(1) 0.00 0.10 0.19 D Optical Networks EUR 1 752m (+9%) 2 Nokia Software EUR 2 767m (+2%) 3 Nokia Technologies EUR 1 487m (-1%) 2019 2018 2017 4 Group Common and Other EUR 952m (-7%) As of December 31 EURm EURm EURm Net cash and current financial investments 1 730 3 053 4 517 (1) No dividend is proposed by the Board of Directors related to the financial year 2019. (1) All Nokia Technologies IPR and Licensing net sales are allocated to Finland. (2) Includes net sales to other segments. The figures are derived from our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. Year-on-year change is in parenthesis. 04 NOKIA IN 2019 Business overview We have combined global leadership in mobile and fixed network infrastructure with the software, services and advanced technologies to serve customers around the world. Net sales in 2019 Europe EUR 23.3bn Employees 39 700 North America Greater China Employees 13 000 Countries of operation Employees 15 700 ~120 Middle East & Africa Employees 3 500 Average number of employees in 2019 Latin America Employees 4 100 Asia-Pacific ~98 000 Employees 22 200 Business groups Reportable segments Mobile Networks Global Services As of January 2019 Nokia has three reportable segments. Higher quality and Helping customers navigate Nokia also discloses segment-level data for Group 1 more reliable mobile 2 complexity to transform and Common and Other. broadband experiences digitalize their business Networks Nokia provides net sales disclosure for the following Fixed Networks IP/Optical Networks businesses i.e. reportable businesses: Mobile Access, Using intelligent access Massively scalable networks Fixed Access, IP Routing, Optical Networks to create networks that that underpin the digital world’s 3 4 Nokia Software are faster, better, smarter dynamic interconnectivity Nokia Technologies Nokia Software Nokia Enterprise Group Common and other Intelligent software platforms Digitalizing asset-intensive 5 optimizing and automating 6 industries with mission and network performance business critical needs Nokia Technologies Technology designed 7 to bring the human family closer together For more information on our business performance: Our strategy: See pages 10–16 Our business groups: See pages 22–39 Results of operations: See pages 46–51 Results of segments: See pages 52–58 Financial statements: See page 139–214 NOKIA IN 2019 05 Letter from our President and CEO 2019 was the year 5G took off. We saw the first commercial 5G rollouts, and Nokia played a significant role helping customers in all leading markets. Many of our businesses performed very well – such as Nokia Enterprise delivering double-digit sales growth, IP Routing gaining significant market share and increasing profitability, and Nokia Software substantially expanding its profitability. We faced challenges in our Mobile Access and cash generation but know what we need to fix, and expect to improve over the course of 2020 and start 2021 in a much stronger position. 06 NOKIA IN 2019 Business overview Connectivity with a purpose The journey towards a better-connected, As mentioned above, we were also chosen sustainable future also presents a huge by early adopter operators in the leading 5G If Nokia creates the technology to connect the business opportunity. According to World markets – from Sprint and Verizon in the US, world, then in 2019 the world got that little bit Economic Forum estimates, 5G alone can to Softbank in Japan, to Korea Telecom in better connected. create over $13 trillion of global economic South Korea, amongst others; additionally, 2019 was the year 5G was launched into the value across every conceivable industry, as we were selected by Orange France and O2 mass market – and we were in the pilot’s seat. well as over 22 million jobs, by 2035. Nokia is in the UK. This was down to some admirable We are the only company working with all the well positioned to benefit from this opportunity. work across business groups and our customer organization teams. In 2020 we will operators who have chosen their 5G vendor I will come back to that later in this letter, in the early adopter markets of the US, work hard to maintain and increase the trust but first I want to explore our 2019 financial our customers have in us. South Korea and Japan. That gave us performance and explain what we are doing to firsthand experience of the enthusiastic improve in the areas where we have challenges. welcome consumers are giving 5G – in Korea, Improving execution in our for example, we expected around 3 million users by the end of the year, but the final Progress in a challenging year access business total was closer to 5 million. Overall, we cannot be content with our In 2019 the Nokia Group results were, financial performance in 2019. Nokia Group however, impacted by the difficulties across Those would be great figures at any time. net sales were up 1 percent globally (5 percent our Mobile and Fixed Access businesses. But remember that this new technology excluding China) excluding the impact of Fixed Access continued to face challenges cycle is still in its early stages – and consumer changes in foreign currency exchange rates, in the market transition from copper to fiber appetite is only part of the picture. As 5G and our operating margin was up by about despite some initial signs of progress towards becomes established in more markets, 2 percentage points versus 2018. the end of the year. Going forward, we will its increased capacity, reliability and continue to have a sharp focus on costs, responsiveness will unlock the Fourth But, at the same time, we had areas of and we have targeted selective expansion in Industrial Revolution, profoundly changing remarkable strength across our business new areas, particularly fixed wireless access. the way cities, businesses and governments groups. IP Routing continued its strong operate, and creating unprecedented momentum, gaining significant market share The core of our profitability issues came opportunities for economic growth, human and improving profitability. Nokia Software from Mobile Access (a combination of our wellbeing and environmental sustainability. delivered on its promise, with an operating Mobile Networks and Global Services business margin that was up sharply from 2018.