EGYPT / EGYPTE / EGIPTO
1 2 UNEP/CMS/Inf. 7.14.35
National Report of the Arab Republic of Egypt to the Convention of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) 1
Nature Conservation Sector (NCS) Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA)
July 2002
Prepared by: Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, Director General, Natural Protectorates Dept. Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), EEAA. Dr. Shrief Baha el-Din, Advisor, Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), EEAA
Revised by: Dr. Moustafa Fouda, Director Natural Conservation Sector (NCS)-(EEAA).
1 According to reporting format agreed by the Standing Committee at its 23rd meeting (Bonn, December 2001)
3 Which agency has been primarily responsible for the preparation of this report? Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) List any other agencies that have provided input: Nil
I(a). General Information
Please complete any unfilled boxes and amend and/or update as appropriate the information provided in the table below:
Reports submitted: Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) Period covered by this report: 99 / 2002 Date of entry into force of the Convention in Egypt: 1 - 11 -1983 Territory to which the Convention applies: Arab Republic of Egypt, its territories and territorial waters. Reservations (against species listings): None Designated Focal Point: Appointment to the Scientific Council: Nature Conservation Sector (NCS) Dr. Moustafa Fouda Address: 30 Misr Helwan- Zyrae Rd. Maadi, Cairo, Egypt. Director, Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), EEAA Tel: (00202) 5248792, 5271391 (00202) 5248792 Fax: (00202) 5248792, 5256490 5271391 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
Membership of the Standing Committee: Competent authority: EEAA Implementing legislation: - The law for Natural Protectorates 102/1983 - The law for the Environment 4/1994 - the Law of Catching fishing and aquatic life 124/1983 - The law of Agriculture 33/1966. Other relevant conventions/agreements (apart from CMS) to Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 1992. which Egypt is a Party: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) 1973. International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW) 1946. Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992. United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982. Convention for the conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment, 1982. Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea Against pollution, 1976. National policy instruments (e.g. national biodiversity National Strategy and Action Plan for the Conservation of strategy, etc.): Biological Diversity Wadden Sea Seals: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party
4 National Focal Point/Competent authority Membership of the trilateral Seal Expert Group Name: Name: Address: Address: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: E-mail: E-mail: Siberian Crane MoU: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Competent authority Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail: EUROBATS: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Competent authority Appointed member of the Advisory Committee Name: Name: Address: Address: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: E-mail: E-mail: Membership of other committees or working groups: ASCOBANS: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Co-ordinating authority Appointed member of the Advisory Committee Name: Name: Address: Address: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: E-mail: E-mail: Membership of other committees or working groups: Slender-billed Curlew MoU: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Competent authority Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail: Marine Turtles – Africa MoU: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party National Focal Point Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail: AEWA: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party
5 Administrative Authority: Nature Conservation Sector, EEAA Appointed member of the Technical Committee Name: Waheed Salama Hamied Name: Sherif M. Baha El Din Address: EEAA Address: 3 Abdalla El Katib, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt Tel: (002 02) 539 15 33 Tel: 202-7608160 Fax: (002 02) 539 15 33 Fax: 202-7608160 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Membership of other committee or working groups: ACCOBAMS: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party National Focal Point Appointed member of the Technical Committee Name: Name: Address: Address: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: E-mail: E-mail: Membership of other committees of working groups: Great Bustard MoU: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party National Contact Point Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail: Marine Turtle MoU-Indian Oecean/South-East Asia: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Competent national authority Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail: Albatrosses and Petrels: Party Signed but not yet entered force Non-party Designated Authority National Contact Point Name: Name: Address: Address: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: E-mail: E-mail: Membership of Advisory Committee Name: Address: Tel: Fax: E-mail:
6 I(b). Additional General Information
1 Which other government departments are involved in activities/initiatives for the conservation of migratory species in your country? With responsibilities for law 102/1983, law 4/1994 and international Environmental Conventions, the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) is the main governmental body responsible for nature conservation in Egypt. While the EEAA has been overseeing the Management of the wildlife after restructuring of the agency in 1991 that a Natural protectorates Department (NPD) was established and a national Biodiversity Unit (NBU) was established in 1992 with the passing of law in 1994, the EEAA was given responsibilities for hunting management in Egypt and has been following-up on hunting related issues. The structure of EEAA was also reorganized in 1994 and the Nature Conservation Sector became the body responsible for Conservation of Natural Resources. The Ministry of Agriculture is the largest body responsible for agriculture, land reclamation and fisheries. There are reversal bodies which have responsibilities for hunting management. The veterinary Authority is responsible about monitoring of all animal coming into and leaving the country and can also issue licenses to hunt species for scientific and touristic interests. The Egyptian wildlife service (EWS) has responsibilities previously for issuing CITES permits since 1978 for import and export of wild animals, but now that is the responsibility of the National Committee for implementing CITES. The General Authority for the Development of Fish Resources (GADFR) is responsible for the management of fisheries in Egypt and the implementation of law 124/1983 pertaining to the catching of fish and aquatic life. Ministry of Tourism (an Environment Department) has played a decisive role in organizing game bird hunting for tourism and authority bird hunting tours and also issues permits for desert safari tours. Ministry of Interior (Water Surface & Environment Police, Port police, Tourist police - Customs police) are the main bodies for law enforcement and are responsible for arresting violators of the laws and can also issue permits for guns. Ministry of Defense (Border Guard Forces) play a more active role as it has jurisdiction over boarder areas and remote regions of the country, where hunting is known to take place. The border and coast guards should monitor hunting and fishing activities in areas under their control, either at the checkpoint or periodic spot check of boats and vehicles. Ministry of Justice is responsible for prosecuting law violations concerning hunting and wildlife protection. Ministry of Finance is responsible for customs and monitors goods being imported and exported from the country. Supreme Council of Youth and Sports & Ministry of Social Affairs are responsible for approving the establishment of sporting clubs and non-governmental organizations and supervising them and monitoring shooting clubs and associations to check that these organizations are abiding by the regulations. 1a If more than one government department is involved, describe the interaction/relationship between these government departments: Ministry of Agriculture is currently responsible for overseeing CITES regulations. Environment and Water Police and the Border Guard Forces are both implementing bodies. 2 List the main non-governmental organizations actively involved in initiatives for the conservation of migratory species in your country, and describe their involvement: Wetlands International MedWet BirdLife International Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). There are two main NGOs in Egypt involved in or concerned about hunting management and conservation of wildlife. 1- Shooting clubs and Associations are supervised by Supreme Council of Youth and Sports, while the associations fall under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Social Affairs. A number of clubs issue hunting regulations and guidelines to be followed by their members. 2- Environmental Societies have been involved in bringing public attention to hunting and wildlife protection issues. National and International NGOs have launched campaigns aimed at encouraging the authorities to control illegal hunting and trade in wildlife. Workshops have been organised by societies to discus the problems associated with hunting and protection of wildlife in Egypt. One of the main factors contributing to the miss management of wildlife resources is the fact that there is little awareness about wildlife and itsvaluessuch as biological control and ecotourism attractions. 3 Describe any involvement of the private sector in the conservation of migratory species in your country: The role of tourism companies in implementing the annual instructions for regulating the hunting rules. 4 Note any interactions between these sectors in the conservation of migratory species in your country:
7 II. Appendix I species
1. BIRDS 1.1 General questions on Appendix I bird species
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I bird species: Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I bird species prohibited by the national implementing Yes No legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: 2a If the taking of Appendix I bird species is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I bird species: Illegal hunting lack of awareness lack of specialised body for enforcement of hunting legislation. 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? Reinforcing the implementation of regulations Public awareness campaigns Community development at critical sites Implementation of legislation, public awareness about the wildlife and its value. 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? Financial and technical assistance in public awareness and education programmes, and in community development Financial and Technical support for public awareness and community development. 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger bird species, including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? All CMS listed migratory bird species to which Egypt is a range state are protected under law 4/1994 and Ministerial decrees. Establishing National Committee to issue annual instructions for shooting Game birds. Issuing annual regulations for shooting Game birds and water birds and also wild animals, campaigns against violators and Markets trade in wildlife, public awareness, Education. 4a Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard: Violation on natural resources to increase income. Illegal shooting and hunting, Ignorance by laws. 4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? Financial & Technical assistance.
8 1.2 Questions on specific Appendix I bird species
Species Pelecanus crispus –CommonName(s)Dalmatian Pelican 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Rare in Egypt. A former winter visitor. Last reported in 1982, not recorded since. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection: Habitat protection: Nile Islands and Burullus Protected Areas have been declared, where this species winters or occurs on passage Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Pelecanus onocrotalus – Common Name(s) White Pelican 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989), Meininger & Atta (1994), Baha El Din (1999) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): An uncommon passage and winter visitor. Over 2000 were counted on passage at Zaranik Protected Area in North Sinai. Lake Nasser now represents an important wintering wetland. 1175 were found wintering there in 1995 (Baha El Din 1999). 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring: Regular counts are conducted at Zaranik Protected Area during autumn migration Habitat protection: Nile Islands and Burullus Protected Areas have been declared, where this species winters or occurs on passage Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Marmaronetta angustirostris – Common Name(s) Marbled Teal 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989), Meininger & Atta (1994), Baha El Din (1999) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Very rare passage and winter visitor. Last recorded on passage at Zaranik PA in the 1990s. No current populations 9 known to breed. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection: Habitat protection: Nile Islands and Burullus Protected Areas have been declared, where this species winters or occurs on passage Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Aythya nyroca – Common Name(s) Ferruginous Duck 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989), Meininger & Atta (1994), Baha El Din (1999) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Egypt is considered one of the mosst important wintering grounds for the species. Lake Burullus and Lake Wadi El Rayan and the upper Nile River hold internationally important numbers (over 1% of population) Baha El Din (1999) 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection: Nile Islands and Burullus Protected Areas have been declared, where this species winters or occurs on passage Habitat restoration: Management plans are being established for Wadi El Rayan PA and Burullus PA Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Haliaeetus albicilla – Common Name(s) White-tailed Sea Eagle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meinienger (1989), two recent records during the past 10 years in South Sinai. 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Very rare accidental visitor 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? The species is too rare to warrant any action in Egypt.
10 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Aquila clanga – Common Name(s) Spotted Eagle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989), Meininger & Atta (1994) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Uncommon winter visitor to Egypt’s wetlands. Scarcely observed in the Nile Valley and Delta. Numbers declining. Maximum 100 birds might winter. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection: Nile Islands and Burullus Protected Areas have been declared, where this species winters or occurs on passage Habitat restoration: Management plans are being established for Wadi El Rayan PA and Burullus PA Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Falco naumanni – Common Name(s) Lesser Kesterl 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Rare passage migrant, mostly in the eastern part of the country. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection Habitat restoration Other: Recent efforts have focused on cracking down on falcon catching activities, which often involve the species 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Chlamydotis undulata –CommonName(s)Houbara Bustard 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Goodman & Meininger (1989) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): The North African nominate population was known to breed in northwest Egypt in the sub -desert region adjoining the Mediterranean. The resident population has been severely reduced in recent years due to illegal 11 hunting. Small numbers move into Egyptian territories during winter months. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring: Habitat protection: Siwa Protected Area was recently declared, which will provide protection to habitats marginally suitable for wintering birds. Two other protected areas on the Mediterranean coastal plain are proposed for declaration in coming years. Habitat restoration Other: Continued surveillance of known range to reduce illegal hunting activities 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
12 2. MARINE MAMMALS
2.1 General questions on Appendix I marine mammals
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I listed marine mammals: Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) - General Authority for the Development of Fish Resources (GADFR) 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I marine mammals prohibited by the national Yes No implementing legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: State and Territories have also implemented legislation, as outlined in Table I(a) (General Information). Law 124/1983 for Catching Fish and Aquatic life. 2a If the taking of Appendix I marine mammals is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I marine mammals: None 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? None 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? Field survey & studies to identify species and monitor the population of marine mammals. Capacity Building and Public Awareness Campaigns. 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger species of marine mammal, including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? Public awareness campaign, Monitoring of invasive species Ban on export/import of marine mammals. 4a Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard:
4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? Financial Support & Technical Assistances.
13 3. Marine Turtles
3.1 General questions on Appendix I marine turtles
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I listed marine turtles: Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I marine turtles prohibited by the national implementing Yes No legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: State and Territories have also implemented legislation, as outlined in Table I(a) (General Information). 2a If the taking of Appendix I marine turtles is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I marine turtles: Accidental mortality as by- catch in nets. Reduction of nesting site habitats due to urban development disturbances. 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? Legislation to ban catching of marine turtles: Decrees 472/1982 for the Minister of Agriculture concerning of the ban on hunting of wildlife in protected areas, Decree 1403/1990 concerning the ban of hunting, killing, capturing, transporting selling of marine turtles. Conduct public awareness campaigns- control commercial fisheries in distribution zone- protect specific nesting habitats within marine protected areas. Prime ministerial decree 264/1994 concerning regulating activities in protected areas. 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? Capacity Building of local conservation authorities-public awareness campaigns to local and regional stakeholders. 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger species of marine turtles, including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? All species of marine turtles are protected under Egyptian legislation. Legislation to ban exporting or importing marine turtles. 4a Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard: Low awareness of protected status of marine turtle and their endangered status 4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? Further public education and information of the issue, establish a data base on nesting sites of marine turtle.
3.2 Questions on specific Appendix I marine turtles
Species Chelonia mydas – Common Name(s) Green Turtle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Frazier & Salas (1984), Kasparak (1993), Clarke et al (2000) The status of marine turtles in Egyptian Red Sea. 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Green Turtles are found in both Red Sea and Mediterranean Egyptian waters and nest in sandy beaches in both seas. The Red Sea population is larger than that in the Mediterranean.
14 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research: Recent nesting population estimate in the Mediterranean (Clarke et al 2000). Monitoring: Of nesting along the Red Sea coast between Hurghada and Ras Banas (NCS staff) Habitat protection: Protected area with important breeding ground proposed at Wadi El Gemal, Red Sea Habitat restoration Other: Market surveys in Alexandria (NGO input) 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: Ongoing research and monitoring programs, with additional habitat protection if required.
Species Caretta caretta – Common Name(s) Loggerhead Turtle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Frazier & Salas (1984), Kasparak (1993), Clarke et al (2000) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Found largely in the Mediterranean, with very few records from the Red Sea. Breeding population on the Med. coast limited (see Clarke et al (2000) for estimate), but there is evidence that non -local stock (particularly immature animals) feed off shore Egyptian shores. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research: Recent nesting population estimate in the Mediterranean (Clarke et al 2000). Monitoring: Habitat protection: The recently declared Burullus Protected Areas cover some potential nesting ground Habitat restoration Other: Market surveys in Alexandria (NGO input) 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Eretmochelys imbricata –CommonName(s)Hawksbill Turtle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Frazier & Salas (1984), Clarke et al (2000) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Confined to the Red Sea in Egypt. Fairly good populations are found still. Breeding o ccurs on off shore islands and on the mainland. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring: Of nesting along the Red Sea coast between Hurghada and Ras Banas (NCS staff) Habitat protection: Protected area with important breeding ground proposed at Wadi El Gemal, Red Sea Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 15 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: Ongoing monitoring programs, with additional habitat protection if required
Species Lepidochelys olivacea – Common Name(s) Ridley Turtle, Olive Ridley Turtle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No 2 Please provide published distribution reference: Frazier & Salas (1984) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): The Species has been recorded once in the Red Sea, its status is poorly known. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? Too rare in Egypt to require any specific action. 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
Species Dermochelys coriacea – Common Name(s) Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): The Species has been recorded less than a dozen times in both the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, its status is poorly known. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring Habitat protection Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? Too rare in Egypt to require any specific action. 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
16 4TERRESTRIAL MAMMALS (OTHER THAN BATS)
4.1 General questions on Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats)
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I listed terrestrial mammals (other than bats): Nature Conservation Sector (NCS), EEAA; Wildlife Services, Ministry of Agriculture N/A – There are no CMS Appendix I listed terrestrial mammals to which Egypt is a range state. 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) prohibited by Yes No the national implementing legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: 2a If the taking of Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) is prohibited by Yes No law, have any exceptions been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats): N/A 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? N/A 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? N/A 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger species of terrestrial mammal (other than bats), including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? N/A 4a Describe any factors which limit action being taken in this regard: N/A 4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? N/A
4.2 Questions on specific Appendix I Terrestrial mammals
Species Gazella dorcas – Common Name(s) Dorcas Gazelle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference: Osborne & Helmy (1980), Saleh (1987), Wacher (1997) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Still occurring in stable numbers over much of its range east of the Nile, however it has disappeared form large parts of the Western Desert of Egyp t, main populations left around the Qattara Depression. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research Monitoring: Monitoring of South Sinai populations on going Habitat protection: Protected Areas cover certain critical habitat, most recently in Siwa and the White Desert Protected Areas (recently declared in June 2002) Habitat restoration Other: More strict enforcement of protection regulations 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species:
17 Nation wide research and monitoring programs
Species Gazella leptoceros –CommonName(s)Slender-horned Gazelle 1 Is your country a Range State for this species? Yes No
2 Please provide published distribution reference: Osborne & Helmy (1980), Saleh (1987), Wacher (1997) 3 Summarise information on population size, trends and distribution (if known): Highly endangered. Disappeared from most of its former range in the Western Desert of Egypt. Now only small numbers are found around the Qattara Depression. 4 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available.) Research: Recent survey in the northern part of the Western Desert (Wacher 1998) Monitoring Habitat protection: Critical habitat around Siwa Oasis was declared as a protected area (recently declared in June 2002) Habitat restoration Other 5 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being taken? N/A 6 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species: N/A
18 5BATS
5.1 General questions on Appendix I bats
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I listed bats: N/A – There are no CMS Appendix I listed bats to which Egypt is a range state. 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I bats prohibited by the national implementing Yes No Legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: 2a If the taking of Appendix I bats is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No Been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I bats: N/A 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? N/A 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? N/A 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger species of bats, including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? N/A 4a Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard: N/A 4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? N/A
19 6OTHER TAXA
6.1 General questions on Appendix I species belonging to other taxa
1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I listed species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-5 above: N/A – There are no CMS Appendix I listed species (belonging to taxa not included in sections 1 -5 above) to which Egypt is a range state. 2 Is the taking of all Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in Yes No sections 1-5 above, prohibited by the national legislation listed as being implementing legislation in Table I(a) (General Information)? If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: 2a If the taking of Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in Yes No sections 1-5 above is prohibited by law, have any exceptions been granted to the prohibition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-5 above: Yes No 3a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles? Yes No 3b What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles? Yes No 4 What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger species belonging to taxa not included in section 1-5 above, including strictly controlling the introduction of, or controlling or eliminating, already introduced exotic species (Article III(4)(c))? Yes No 4a Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard: Yes No
4b What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors? Yes No
20 7LISTING OF OTHER ENDANGERED MIGRATORY SPECIES IN APPENDIX I
1 Is your country a Range State for any other endangered migratory species Yes No not currently listed in Appendix I? If Yes, please provide details: 1a Is your country taking any steps to propose listing any of these species? Yes No If Yes, please provide details: 1b What assistance, if any, does your country require to initiate the listing of these species?
21 III. Appendix II Species
1. INFORMATION ON APPENDIX II SPECIES
Information pertaining to the conservation of Appendix II species that are the object of CMS Agreements will have been provided in periodic Party reports to those instruments. It will suffice therefore to reference (below), and preferably append, a copy of the latest report that has been submitted to the secretariat each of the Agreement/MoUs to which your country is a Party.
WADDEN SEA SEALS (1991) Date of last report: Period covered: SIBERIAN CRANE MoU (1993/1999) Date of last report: Period covered: EUROBATS (1994) Date of last report: Period covered: ASCOBANS (1994) Date of last report: Period covered: SLENDER-BILLED CURLEW MoU (1994) Date of last report: Period covered: MARINE TURTLES - AFRICA MoU (1999) Date of last report: Period covered: AEWA (2000) Date of last report: Nil to Date, to be Period covered: N/A provided prior to the first CoP under the MOU later this year. ACCOBAMS (2001) Date of last report: Period covered: GREAT BUSTARD MoU (2001) Date of last report: Period covered: MARINE TURTLES - INDIAN OCEAN/SOUTHEAST ASIA MoU (2001) Date of last report: Period covered: ALBATROSSES AND PETRELS (2000) Date of last report: Period covered:
2. QUESTIONS ON CMS AGREEMENTS 2.1 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to birds
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the Conservation needs of Appendix II bird species? If Yes, what is the current state of development? Egypt ratified AEWA in the year 2000. 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No Of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address The conservation needs of Appendix II bird species? If Yes, please provide details: 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for birds, including Memorandum of Yes No
22 Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future? If Yes, please provide details: N/A 2.2 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to marine mammals
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the Conservation needs of Appendix II marine mammal species? If Yes, what is the current state of development? 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No Of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address The conservation needs of Appendix II marine mammal species? If Yes, please provide details: 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? N/A 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for marine mammals, including Yes No Memorandum of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future? If Yes, please provide details: Regional/Range State Agreement/MOU for Dugongs
2.3 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to marine turtles
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the Conservation needs of Appendix II marine turtles? If Yes, what is the current state of development? 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No Of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address The conservation needs of Appendix II marine turtles? If Yes, please provide details: Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation and Management of Marine Turtles and their Habitats of the Indian Ocean and South-East Asia. Until now not ratified but necessary arrangements will be taken to be sugned. 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? Financial and technical assistance required 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for marine turtles, including Yes No Memorandum of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future? N/A If Yes, please provide details:
2.4 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to terrestrial mammals (other than bats)
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the conservation Needs of Appendix II terrestrial mammal species (other than bats)? If Yes, what is the current state of development? 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No Of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address The conservation needs of Appendix II terrestrial mammal species (other than bats)? If Yes, please provide details: Sahilo-saharan migratory ungulates in development. 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? Financial & Technical assistance.
23 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for terrestrial mammals (other than bats), Yes No Including Memorandum of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future? If Yes, please provide details:
2.5 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to bats
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the Conservation needs of Appendix II bat species? If Yes, what is the current state of development? 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address the conservation needs of Appendix II bat species? If Yes, please provide details: 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for bats, including Memorandum of Yes No Understanding, planned by your country in the future? If Yes, please provide details:
2.6 Questions on CMS Agreements relating to other taxa
1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the conservation needs of Appendix II species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-6 above? If Yes, what is the current state of development? 2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No of any CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address the conservation needs of species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-6 above? If Yes, please provide details: 3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of an Agreement or Memorandum of Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the instrument’s development? 4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for other taxa, including Memorandum of Yes No Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future? If Yes, please provide details:
3. LISTING OF MIGRATORY SPECIES IN APPENDIX II
1 Is your country a Range State for any migratory species that has an unfavourable Yes No conservation status, but is not currently listed in Appendix II and could benefit from the conclusion of an Agreement for its conservation? If Yes, please provide details: 1a Is your country taking any steps to propose the listing of this/these species in Appendix II? Yes No If Yes, please provide details: 1b What assistance, if any, does your country require to initiate the listing of this/these species?
IV. National and Regional Priorities
1 Does the conservation of migratory species currently feature in any national Yes No or regional policies/plans (apart from CMS Agreements)
24 If Yes, please provide details:
1a Do these policies/plans cover the following areas (if yes, please provide details):
Yes No Economic development Land-use planning Designation and development of reserves Development of ecological networks Planning of powerlines Planning of fences Planning of dams Other
V. Policies on Satellite Telemetry
1 In the current reporting period, has your country undertaken Yes No conservation/research projects that use satellite telemetry? If Yes, please provide details (Indicate inter alia the scientific justification for the research, describe briefly the measures taken to ensure that risks to the welfare of individual animals and – in the case of severely depleted populations – to the species are minimised, and summarise the results obtained):
2 Are any future conservation/research projects planned that will use Yes No satellite telemetry? If Yes, please provide details (including the expected timeframe for these projects): If No, please explain any impediments or requirements in this regard:
VI. Membership
1 Have actions been taken by your country to encourage non-Parties Yes No to join CMS and its related Agreements? If Yes, please provide details. (In particular, describe actions taken to recruit the non-Parties that have been identified by the Standing Committee as high priorities for recruitment.) Egyptian posts have rallied nations that attended the most recent meeting regarding the MOU for Marine Turtles, encouraging those who haven’t signed the MOU, to sign prior to the first meeting of signature states.
1a Identify the agency, department or organization responsible for leading on this action in your country: Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency
VII. Global and National Importance of CMS
1 Have actions been taken by your country to increase national, regional Yes No and/or global awareness of the relevance of CMS and its global importance in the context of biodiversity conservation? If Yes, please provide details: National parks of Egypt provide information, awareness material, field visits to more than one and half million visitors. There are brochures, CD, video, field guides and other material. 2 Identify the agency, department or organization responsible for leading on this action in your country: Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency
25 VIII. Mobilization of Resources
1 Has your country made financial resources available for conservation activities having Yes No direct benefits for migratory species in your country? If Yes, please provide details: Marine Turtles Species Protection Program (Administered by Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency in cooperation with Suez Canal University) ------The Egyptian Government has provided funding since 1999 for the conservation of migratory waterbirds This includes partial funding for the Med-Wet Coast (Medwet Land Conserving Project). 2 Has your country made voluntary contributions to the CMS Trust Fund to support Yes No requests from developing countries and countries with economies in transition? If Yes, please provide details: 3 Has your country made other voluntary financial contributions to support Yes No conservation activities having direct benefits for migratory species in other countries (particularly developing countries)? If Yes, please provide details:
4 Has your country provided technical and/or scientific assistance to Yes No developing countries to facilitate initiatives for the benefit of migratory species? If Yes, please provide details: 5 Has your country received financial assistance/support from the CMS Trust Yes No Fund, via the CMS Secretariat, for national conservation activities having direct benefits for migratory species in your country? If Yes, please provide details: 6 Has your country received financial assistance/support from sources other Yes No than the CMS Secretariat for conservation activities having direct benefit for migratory species in your country? If Yes, please provide details:
26 IX. Implementation of COP Resolutions and Recommendations
Please summarize the measures undertaken by your country to implement the substantive, operational Resolutions and Recommendations adopted by the Conference of the Parties, where these have not been mentioned elsewhere in this report, giving particular emphasis to those adopted by at the Sixth Meeting (Cape Town, November 1999).
Other remarks: nil
27 Annex: Questions on specific Appendix II species
The tables below contain the list of all species listed in Appendix II. Boxes have been checked to indicate the species for which your country is considered to be a Range State. Please amend the boxes where appropriate. (If you wish to provide further information on any of these species, please attach as an annex.) Please also provide published distribution references where available.
Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available
CHIROPTERA Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (only European populations) Rhinolophus hipposideros (only European populations) Rhinolophus euryale (only European populations) Rhinolophus mehelyi (only European populations) Rhinolophus blasii (only European populations) Myotis bechsteini (only European populations) Myotis blythi (only European populations) Myotis brandtii (only European populations) Myotis capaccinii (only European populations) Myotis dasycneme (only European populations) Myotis daubentoni (only European populations) Myotis emarginatus (only European populations) Myotis myotis (only European populations) Myotis mystacinus (only European populations) Myotis nattereri (only European populations) Pipistrellus kuhli (only European populations) Pipistrellus nathusii (only European populations) Pipistrellus pipistrellus (only European populations) Pipistrellus savii
28 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available (only European populations) Nyctalus lasiopterus (only European populations) Nyctalus leisleri (only European populations) Nyctalus noctula (only European populations) Eptesicus nilssonii (only European populations) Eptesicus serotinus (only European populations) Vespertilio murinus (only European populations) Barbastella barbastellus (only European populations) Plecotus auritus (only European populations) Plecotus austriacus (only European populations) Miniopterus schreibersii (only European populations) Tadarida teniotis
CETACEA Platanista gangetica gangetica Pontoporia blainvillei Inia geoffrensis Delphinapterus leucas Monodon monoceros Phocoena phocoena (North and Baltic Sea populations) Phocoena phocoena (western North Atlantic population) Phocoena phocoena (Black Sea population) Neophocaena phocaenoides Phocoenoides dalli Phocoena spinipinnis Phocoena dioptrica Sousa chinensis Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin Sousa teuszii Sotalia fluviatilis Lagenorhynchus albirostris (only North and Baltic Sea 29 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available populations) Lagenorhynchus acutus (only North and Baltic Sea populations) Lagenorhynchus australis Lagenorhynchus obscurus Grampus griseus (only North and Baltic Sea populations) Tursiops aduncus (Arafura/Timor Sea populations) Tursiops truncatus (North and Baltic Sea populations) Tursiops truncatus (western Mediterranean population) Tursiops truncatus (Black Sea population) Stenella attenuata (eastern tropical Pacific population) Stenella attenuata (Southeast Asian populations) Stenella longirostris (eastern tropical Pacific populations) Stenella longirostris (Southeast Asian populations) Stenella coeruleoalba (eastern tropical Pacific population) Stenella coeruleoalba (western Mediterranean population) Delphinus delphis (North and Baltic Sea populations) Delphinus delphis (western Mediterranean population) Delphinus delphis (Black Sea population) Delphinus delphis (eastern tropical Pacific population) Lagenodelphis hosei (Southeast Asian populations)
30 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Orcaella brevirostris Cephalorhynchus commersonii (South American population) Cephalorhynchus eutropia Cephalorhynchus heavisidii Orcinus orca (eastern North Atlantic population) Orcinus orca (eastern North Pacific population) Globicephala melas (only North and Baltic Sea populations) Berardius bairdii Hyperoodon ampullatus
PINNIPEDIA Phoca vitulina (only Baltic and Wadden Sea populations) Halichoerus grypus (only Baltic Sea populations) Monachus monachus
PROBOSCIDEA Loxodonta africana
SIRENIA Trichechus manatus Dugong dugon Dugong
ARTIODACTYLA Vicugna vicugna Oryx dammah Gazella gazella
GAVIIFORMES Gavia stellata (Western Palearctic populations) Gavia arctica arctica Gavia arctica suschkini Gavia immer immer (Northwest European population) Gavia adamsii (Western Palearctic population)
PODICIPEDIFORMES Podiceps grisegena grisegena Podiceps auritus (Western Palearctic populations) 31 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available
PELECANIFORMES Phalacrocorax nigrogularis Phalacrocorax pygmeus Pelecanus onocrotalus Goodman & Meininger (1989) (Western Palearctic populations) Pelecanus crispus
CICONIIFORMES Botaurus stellaris stellaris Goodman & Meininger (1989) (Western Palearctic populations) Ixobrychus minutus minutus Goodman & Meininger (1989) (Western Palearctic populations) Ixobrychus sturmii Ardeola rufiventris Ardeola idae Egretta vinaceigula Casmerodius albus albus Goodman & Meininger (1989) (Western Palearctic populations) Ardea purpurea purpurea Goodman & Meininger (1989) (populations breeding in the Western Palearctic) Mycteria ibis Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ciconia nigra Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ciconia episcopus microscelis Ciconia ciconia Goodman & Meininger (1989) Plegadis falcinellus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Geronticus eremita Threskiornis aethiopicus aethiopicus Platalea alba (excluding Malagasy population) Platalea leucorodia Goodman & Meininger (1989) Phoenicopterus ruber Goodman & Meininger (1989) Phoenicopterus minor
ANSERIFORMES Dendrocygna bicolor Dendrocygna viduata Thalassornis leuconotus Oxyura leucocephala Cygnus olor Cygnus cygnus Cygnus columbianus Anser brachyrhynchus
32 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Anser fabalis Anser albifrons Anser erythropus Anser anser Branta leucopsis Branta bernicla Branta ruficollis Alopochen aegyptiacus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tadorna ferruginea Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tadorna cana Tadorna tadorna Goodman & Meininger (1989) Plectropterus gambensis Sarkidiornis melanotos Nettapus auritus Anas penelope Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas strepera Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas crecca Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas capensis Anas platyrhynchos Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas undulata Anas acuta Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas erythrorhyncha Anas hottentota Anas querquedula Goodman & Meininger (1989) Anas clypeata Goodman & Meininger (1989) Marmaronetta angustirostris Goodman & Meininger (1989) Netta rufina Goodman & Meininger (1989) Netta erythrophthalma Aythya ferina Goodman & Meininger (1989) Aythya nyroca Goodman & Meininger (1989) Aythya fuligula Goodman & Meininger (1989) Aythya marila Somateria mollissima Somateria spectabilis Polysticta stelleri Clangula hyemalis Melanitta nigra Melanitta fusca Bucephala clangula Mergellus albellus 33 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Mergus serrator Goodman & Meininger (1989) Mergus merganser
FALCONIFORMES Pandion haliaetus Goodman & Meininger (1989)
GALLIFORMES Coturnix coturnix coturnix Goodman & Meininger (1989)
SPHENISCIFORMES Spheniscus demersus
PROCELLARIIFORMES Diomedea exulans Diomedea epomophora Diomedea irrorata Diomedea nigripes Diomedea immutabilis Diomedea melanophris Diomedea bulleri Diomedea cauta Diomedea chlororhynchos Diomedea chrysostoma Phoebetria fusca Phoebetria palpebrata Macronectes giganteus Macronectes halli Procellaria cinerea Procellaria aequinoctialis Procellaria aequinoctialis conspicillata Procellaria parkinsoni Procellaria westlandica
GRUIFORMES Porzana porzana Goodman & Meininger (1989) (populations breeding in the Western Palearctic) Porzana parva parva Goodman & Meininger (1989) Porzana pusilla intermedia Goodman & Meininger (1989) Fulica atra atra Goodman & Meininger (1989) (Mediterranean and Black Sea populations) Aenigmatolimnas marginalis Sarothrura boehmi Sarothrura ayresi
34 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Crex crex Goodman & Meininger (1989) Grus leucogeranus Grus virgo (Syn. Anthropoides virgo) Grus paradisea Grus carunculatus Grus grus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Chlamydotis undulata Goodman & Meininger (1989) (only Asian populations) Otis tarda
CHARADRIIFORMES Himantopus himantopus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Recurvirostra avosetta Goodman & Meininger (1989) Dromas ardeola Goodman & Meininger (1989) Burhinus oedicnemus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Glareola pratincola Goodman & Meininger (1989) Glareola nordmanni Goodman & Meininger (1989) Pluvialis apricaria Goodman & Meininger (1989) Pluvialis squatarola Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius hiaticula Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius dubius Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius pecuarius Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius tricollaris Charadrius forbesi Charadrius pallidus Charadrius alexandrinus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius marginatus Charadrius mongulus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius leschenaultii Goodman & Meininger (1989) Charadrius asiaticus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Eudromias morinellus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Vanellus vanellus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Vanellus spinosus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Vanellus albiceps Vanellus senegallus Vanellus lugubris Vanellus melanopterus Vanellus coronatus Vanellus superciliosus Vanellus gregarius (Syn Goodman & Meininger (1989) Chettusia gregaria) 35 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Vanellus leucurus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Gallinago media Goodman & Meininger (1989) Gallinago gallinago Goodman & Meininger (1989) Lymnocryptes minimus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Limosa limosa Goodman & Meininger (1989) Limosa lapponica Goodman & Meininger (1989) Numenius phaeopus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Numenius tenuirostris Goodman & Meininger (1989) Numenius arquata Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa erythropus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa totanus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa stagnatilis Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa nebularia Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa ochropus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa glareola Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa cinerea Goodman & Meininger (1989) Tringa hypoleucos Goodman & Meininger (1989) Arenaria interpres Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris tenuirostris Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris canutus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris alba Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris minuta Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris temminckii Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris maritima Calidris alpina Goodman & Meininger (1989) Calidris ferruginea Goodman & Meininger (1989) Limicola falcinellus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Philomachus pugnax Goodman & Meininger (1989) Phalaropus lobatus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Phalaropus fulicaria Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus hemprichii Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus leucophthalmus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus ichthyaetus Goodman & Meininger (1989) (West Eurasian and African population) Larus melanocephalus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus genei Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus audouinii Goodman & Meininger (1989) Larus armenicus Goodman & Meininger (1989) Sterna nilotica nilotica Goodman & Meininger (1989) (West Eurasian and African 36 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available populations) Sterna caspia Goodman & Meininger (1989) (West Eurasian and African populations) Sterna maxima albidorsalis Sterna bergii Goodman & Meininger (1989) (African and Southwest Asian populations) Sterna bengalensis Goodman & Meininger (1989) (African and Southwest Asian populations) Sterna sandvicensis sandvicensis Goodman & Meininger (1989) Sterna dougallii (Atlantic population) Sterna hirundo hirundo Goodman & Meininger (1989) (populations breeding in the Western Palearctic) Sterna paradisaea (Atlantic populations) Sterna albifrons Goodman & Meininger (1989) Sterna saundersi Goodman & Meininger (1989) Sterna balaenarum Sterna repressa Goodman & Meininger (1989) Chlidonias niger niger Goodman & Meininger (1989) Chlidonias leucopterus Goodman & Meininger (1989) (West Eurasian and African population)
CORACIIFORMES Merops apiaster Goodman & Meininger (1989) Coracias garrulus Goodman & Meininger (1989)
PSITTACIFORMES Amazona tucumana
PASSERIFORMES Hirundo atrocaerulea Acrocephalus paludicola Goodman & Meininger (1989)
TESTUDINATA Chelonia depressa Chelonia mydas Frazier & Salas (1984), Clarke et al (2000) Caretta caretta Frazier & Salas (1984), Clarke et al (2000) Eretmochelys imbricata Frazier & Salas (1984) Lepidochelys kempii Lepidochelys olivacea Frazier & Salas (1984)
37 Species Range Not a Range Extinct No Published distribution reference State State information available Dermochelys coriacea Frazier & Salas (1984), Clarke et al (2000) Podocnemis expansa
CROCODYLIA Crocodylus porosus Estuarine or Salt-Water Crocodile
ACIPENSERIFORMES Huso huso Huso dauricus Acipenser baerii baicalensis Acipenser fulvescens Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Acipenser medirostris Acipenser mikadoi Acipenser naccarii Acipenser nudiventris Acipenser persicus Acipenser ruthenus (Danube population) Acipenser schrenckii Acipenser sinensis Acipenser stellatus Acipenser sturio Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi Psephurus gladius
LEPIDOPTERA Danaus plexippus Wanderer Butterfly
ORECTOLOBIFORMES Rhincodon typus Whale Shark
All species of each of the Families below are listed in Appendix II. If y our country is a Range State for any of the species in these Families, please enter the species name in the first column, under the relevant Family heading. Please indicate (with a ‘X’) whether your country is a Range State or the species is extinct and, where appropriate, please provide published distribution references. (Space is provided for ten species in each Family. If additional lines are required, please attach the information as an annex.)
Order FALCONIFORMES, Family Accipitridae Accipiter brevipes Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Accipiter nisus Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Accipiter gentilis Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989)
38 Order FALCONIFORMES, Family Falconidae Falco naumanni Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco tinnunculus Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco vespertinus Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco eleonorae Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco concolor Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco columbarius Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco subbuteo Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco biarmicus Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco cherrug Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco peregrinus Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Falco pelegrinoides Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989)
Order PASSERIFORMES, Family Muscicapidae Muscicapa striata Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ficedula hypoleuca Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ficedula albicollis Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ficedula semitorquata Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989) Ficedula parva Range State Extinct Goodman & Meininger (1989)
References
Baha El Din, S.M. (1999). Directory of important bird areas in Egypt. BirdLife International.
Clarke, M., Campbell, A. C., Salama, W. S. & Ghoneim, S. (2000). Preliminary report on the status of marine turtle nesting populations on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Biological Conservation, 94 (3): 363-371.
Goodman, S.M. & Meininger, P.L. (eds.) (1989). The birds of Egypt. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Frazier, J. and Salas, S. (1984). The status of marine turtles in the Egyptian Red Sea. Biological Conservation 30: 41-67.
Osborne, D.J. and Helmy, I. (1980). The contemporary land mammals of Egypt (including Sinai). Fieldiana: Zoology, New Ser., No. 5.
Meininger, P.L. and Atta, G. (1994). Ornithological Studies in Egyptian Wetlands 1989/90, FORE-report No. 94-01, Netherlands.
Kasparak, M. (1993). Marine Turtle Conservation in the Mediterranean, Marine Turtles in Egypt Phase I. Survey of the Mediterranean coast between Alexandria and El-Salum, MEDASSET. Saleh, M. A. (1987). The decline of Gazelle in Egypt. Biological Conservation.
Wacher, T. (1997). Large mammal survey: The Qattara Depression, Siwa and Wadi Rayan. Report to the EEAA.
39