Interviews with Hugo Blanco, Other Exiles, on Right-Wing Junta's Repression · -Pages 5-7

OCTOBER 12, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 37

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

Interviews with Hugo Blanco, other exiles, on right-wing junta's repression · -pages 5-7

Mexico City. Part of demonstration of 100,000 to protest Chile coup. U.S. protests, pages 9, 10. ln.Briel

MICHIGAN STUDENTS OPPOSE TUITION HIKE: Stu in San Francisco last March of the tenth anniversary dents at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor are of the CIA-backed coup that brought the shah of Iran THIS organizing a tuition strike to roll back a 24 percent fee to power. hike passed by the board of regents this summer. Widespread protests forced the dropping of the assault WEEK'S The Student Action Committee, which is coordinating charges. But Shokat and Ghaemmagham pleaded guilty the strike, held a rally of 250 students on Sept. 28, despite to the lesser charge of "intimidation" to bring the case MILITANT pouring rain. Militant correspondent Marty Pettit reports to an end. 3 UFW-Teamster talks the protesters then lined up in front of collection windows ·The Iranian Student Association has urged protests 4 Boudin describes gov't in the registration area and successfully prevented cashiers against these sentences, especially the imposition of the from accepting payments. maximum jail term on Shokat. Write to: Honorable Judge attempts to discredit him Strike leader Ruy Teixeira said, "A lot of people see this Williams, Federal Building, Nineteenth Floor, 450 Golden 8 New evidence of mass whole struggle, which hopefully will become nationwide, Gate Ave., San Francisco, <_::alif. 94102. executions in Chile in terms of people's struggle for the democratic right . 13 Argentine voting shows to education. The university raising tuition is an attack WOODCUTTERS DEFEAT INJUNCTION: A victory was gains for PST on that right." won by the Gulfcoast Pulpwood Association Sept. 21 when 14 Chicago Gateway strik The Student Action Coalition has gathered 5,000 signa U.S. District Judge Virgil Pittman ruled that woodcutters tures on petitions to the regents that include demands for: ers win wage hike and wood haulers are "employees," not "independent con rollback of tuition, implementation of Black students' de tractors." The ruling has the effect of legalizing the strike 15 Subscription blitz a suc mands agreed to by the university in 1970, and adequate of more than 2,000 Black and white woodcutters against cess financial aid for students who need it. the giant pulp and paper companies in southern Alabama 16 Brooklyn SWP campaign and Mississippi. in final drive STEELWORKERS PICKET ABEL: Thirty-five rank-and The Scott and International paper companies had sought 17 Socialists launch cam file steelworkers from the Chicago area picketed I. W. an injunction against the strike by claiming the woodcutters paign in Pittsburgh Abel, president of the United Steelworkers Union, when are independent contractors. 18 Healey, Rich.mond: still he spoke to a national conference of representatives of But court testimony of a company official revealed that the companies help finance wood dealers, who in turn Stalinists union safety committees Sept. 22. The steelworkers were protesting Abel's "experimental negotiating agreement" hire foresters to tell the cutters which trees to cut and how 19 Wash. Indians fight for with the big steel companies that bargains away the steel to cut them. The dealers loan the cutters money to buy fishing rights workers' right to strike. their equipment- trucks, saws, parts, gasoline, etc.-and 21 Readers boost Militant In a leaflet aimed at the meeting, the picketers pointed deduct the money owed from their paychecks. As a result, fund drive by n,ooo out the sharp increase in disabling accidents on the job the cutters are in constant debt to the dealers, who are in 24 Agnew: chickens come and a proposed section of the United Mine Workers con effect their overseers. home to roost stitution that advocates the right of miners to refuse to For information on the strike contact: Fred Walters, work under dangerous conditions. president, Gulfcoast Pulpwood Association, P. 0. Box 53, The USWU coke advisory committee is "recommending Eastabuchie, Miss. 39436. Tel.: (601) 582-5184 or 477- In Brief 2 shorter working hours and early retirement to combat the 8133. 10 In Our Opinion high incidence of cancer among coke plant workers," · Letters the leaflet said. It added, "If we allow the right to strike BLACKS CONVICTED IN MISSISSIPPI: "Seven citizens 11 La Razo en Accion to be given up, how do we persuade the steel industry of the Republic of New Africa were convicted in U.S. National Picket Line to make these important contract changes necessary to District Court" in Biloxi, Miss., reports a Sept. 25 news 12 Great Society our health?" release from the Southern Conference Education Fund. The charges stemmed from a shootout at RNA head Women in Revolt The picket line was organized by the Defend the Right to Strike Committee, which intends to call a larger action . quarters in Jackson, Miss., two years ago. The charges By Any Means Necessary when the regional conference of District 31 is held in against the two women and five men included conspiracy 19 American Way of Life Chicago Oct. 12 and 13. to assault federal officers, conspiracy to possess weapons, 20 In Review and assault on a federal officer. 21 News from Pathfinder. CHICAGO STUDENTS PROTEST ARRESTS: More than The RNA charged that police and FBI agents had at 200 students demonstrated Sept. 27 to protest the arrest tacked the house where the shooting took place. WORLD OUTLOOK of 38 Puerto Rican and Latin students the previous day. Sentences for the seven ranged from three to 22 years. 1 Cordoba Fiat workers The arrested students have been charged with criminal Judge Walter Nixon set their appeal bonds at amounts from $5,000 to $25,000. In state trials last year four fight union bureaucrats trespass and interfering with a public institution of higher education by the University of Illinois, Chicago Circle RNA people were convicted on charges stemming from 2 Statement by Chilean Campus, because of a nine-hour occupation of the admin the same incident. Three were sentenced to life; one re Trotskyists before coup istration building lobby. ceived two 10-year sentences. 3 World News Notes The Puerto Rican and Latin students were protesting One defendant, Addis Ababa, told the court, "We are 4 British agent provoca the eviction that day of the Puerto Rican recruitment pro innocent of any conspiracy and you know it. We were teurs in Ireland gram from its office. Student records and files and staff railroaded by this unjust court, but you can't stop the personnel belongings were taken away without the consent struggle. You can jail us, beat us, even kill us, but Black of the students or staff. people will be free." Militant correspondent Terry Quilico reports the univer -DERRICK MORRISON sity is attempting to submerge the student and staff-run program in~o the more general Education Assistance Pro gram.

TERRORISTS FIREBOMB COMMUNIST PARTY YOUR FIRST HEADQUARTERS: In the early hours of Monday, Oct. 1, a terrorist was seen throwing a firebomb into the nation ISSUE? al headquarters of the Communist Party in New York THE MILITANT City. The offices were unoccupied. The lone witness imme VOLUME 37/NUMBER 37 diately called the fire department. Damages were estimated SUBSCRIBE OCTOBER 12, 1973 at $2,000 by CP spokespersons. The bombing was the QOSING NEWS DATE-OCT. 3,1973 fourth attack on the building in the past year. TO THE Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING FORT WORTH FIVE DEFENDANT GRANTED CITI MILITAIT ZENSHIP: Overruling the federal government, Justice Jos Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass' n., HUGO BLANCO, Peruvian peasant leader: From his exile 14 Charles lone, New ·York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone: eph Hawkins of the New York State Supreme Court granted Matthias Reilly U.S. citizenship. The government in Chile he brought Militant readers reports of the growing Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) crisis there. In on interview this week obtained in Mexico, 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western opposed granting citizenship on the basis of Reilly's jailing Blanco and other latin American exiles give firsthand ac Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Telephone: (213) 463- in Texas, along with four other New York Irish-Americans, 1917. counts of the rightist coup and draw the lessons of this for refusing to answer questions about alleged gunrunning Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes tragic defeat for working people. Subscribe now so you of address should be addressed to The Militant Business to Northern Ireland. The charges are widely viewed as a won't miss such features in coming issues. Office, 14 Charles lone, New York, N.Y. 10014. frame-up. ReUly and the four-known as the Fort Worth Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub Five- are free on bail.· scriptions: Domestic: S5 a yeor; foreign, SS. By first lnlroduclory orrar-81/3monlhs class mail: domestic and Canada, S25; all other coun tries, S41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, U.S • .JUDGE JAILS IRANIAN STUDENT: Parviz Shokat, ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. S32; Mexico and the Caribbean, S30; latin America a member of the Iranian Student Association, was sen ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months and Europe, S40; Africa, Australia, and Asia (including· tenced to six months in jall and a $250 fine on Sept. of the International Socialist Review. USSR), SSO. Write for sealed air postage rates. ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then 7 for "intimidating a foreign official." Another Iranian, ( ) New ( ) Renewal posted from london directly: England and Ireland, ll.20 Kambiz Ghaemmagham, was sentenced to three years for 10 issues, l4.50 for one year; Continental Europe, probation and a $250 fine for the same charge. ll.50 for 10 issues, l5.50 for one year. Send banker's ADDRESSNAME------~------______draft directly to Pathfinder Press, 47 The Cut, london, Shokat, Ghaemmagham, and four other students had SEl Sll, England. Inquire for air rates from london at originally been charged with "assault on a foreign diplo CITY------STATE------ZIP----- the some address. mat" as a result of a heated discussion with an Iranian Signed qrticles by contributors do not necessarily 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. represent The Militant's views. These ore expressed in consular official. The incident occurred at a celebration editorials.

2 Farm workers· stryggle goes ·on The UFW-Teamster talks Student Association and various stu dent governments. At the time the purported agreement with the Teamsters was announced, Gallo strikers were organizing a na tionwide tour to familiarize the pub lic with Gallo union-busting. Meanwhile, it is understood that ne gotiations with the Teamsters are con tinuing. Further plans for a sched uled national boycott tour by Chavez have not yet been atmounced. Victory If the Teamsters are actually com pelled to renounce the bulk of the phony contracts they have signed with the growers, and if the UFW is not severely restricted in its boycott ac tivity, it will be a significant victory for the Farm Workers. With the Teamsters ending their ob structionist role in the fields, the UFW would find it easier in several key respects. Many unions depend on agreements with the Teamsters to hon or their strike picket lines. For some smaller ones, that's often the only real weapon they have in bringing the boss El Ma llcricJdo to terms. 'To the extent the Teamsters have been forced to talk peace, credit goes to the stubborn fight waged by the United Farm Such unions have been reluctant to Workers and the boycoH activities of its supporters.' cross the Teamsters. If the Teamsters step aside, such unions would be freer to help the. Farm Workers. By HARRY RING It was further agreed, according to these chains. LOS ANGELES-On Sept. 28 it was the Times, that Meany and Fitzsim (The boycott is having an effect. Fake issue reported that an agreement had been mons would be the "final determiners" Safeway disclosed Sept. 25 that during Some union supporters are confused reachE:d between the United Farm of differences arising under the agree the past nine months-while the food by the grower-Teamster claim of a Workers and the Teamsters that would ment. Meany, the paper noted, had industry has been enjoying a record "jurisdictional dispute" in the fields. end the Teamsters' union-busting role earlier declared readiness to stake his rip-off take-its profits declined 5 per With the air cleared of that fake issue, in agriculture. But as of Oct. 2, there is "personal integrity" in the peace-k~p cent from the same period last year.) more public support for the boycott no agreement. ing effort However, unless his integri could also be won. At the union's constitutional conven ty exceeds his general lack of enthu AFL-CIO sanction The fact that the Teamsters contin tion in Fresno Sept. 21-23, UFW Pres siasm for strikes and boycotts this It has not been reported if the UFW · ue to negotiate indicates what a black ident Cesar Chavez told reporters ne may not prove decisive. has sought formal AFL-CIO sanction eye their image has suffered as a re gotiations with the Teamsters would It was also reported that under the for the Safeway and A& P boycotts. sult of their scandalous actions. At resume in a few days.. Then Sept. 28 agreement the UFW would abide by But it has applied for sanction to the same time, their record oftreachery the Los Angeles Times reported agree AFL-CIO policy in conducting boy conduct the Gallo wine boycott. The in relation to a series of previous ment had been reached and described cotts. That is, the union would have to AFL-CIO executive council is to act agreements makes clear that it will some of the purported terms. It is bee gain sanction from the AFL-CIO na on the request at its next meeting, take more than Meany's "integrity" to lieved the story was leaked to the tional executive council for any boy Oct. 17. enforce a settlement- even assuming Times by Teamster officials. cott it wished to conduct. Inside workers at the huge Gallo an adequate one is signed. AFL-CIO President George Meany Such sanction would be needed for plant in Modesto belong to the AFL To the extent the Teamsters have and Teamster head Frank Fitz the present boycott of Safeway and CIO Distillery and Wine Workers. been forced to talk peace, credit goes simmons then announced jointly that A&P, .major sellers of scab produce, UFW workers have been on strike to the ·stubborn fight waged by the agreement had been reached in "prin as well as of table grapes and such at Gallo grape ranches since their con United Farm Workers. And equally ciple," but "subject to examination by scab wines as Gallo, Gil, and Franzia. tract expired in June and the com important has been the boycott ac legal counsel of the parties involved." A number of unions, including some pany signed a sweethead pact with tivities and fmancial aid of its sup- Initially Chavez told TV reporters that have supported the Farm Work the Teamsters. porters. · the proposed agreement was a UFW ers, take a dim view of the Safeway Pending AFL-CIO sanction for a Intensification of such support ac victory because the union would now and A& P boycotts. At least two-the Gallo boycott, the UFW has indicated tivity can prove a meaningful contri confront "only one giant"-the grow Retail Clerks and the Amalgamated its support for a ·student ·boycott of bution to a favorable outcome of the ers. Meat Cutters- have contracts with scab wine initiated by the National present negotiations. UFW officials have since declined comment. ;put it is apparent that either the .Farm Workers are weighing the r implications of the reported terms or are taking a close look at the fine 60 Cleveland supermarkets bow to UFW boycott print. 7 8, American Federation of State, been subjected to intimidation, phy According to the original account County and Municipal Employees. sical abuse and harassment by the in the Los Angeles Times, the Team The ·purpose of the committee, authorities, growers and the Team sters agreed to renounce all the sweet Brindza said, "is to bring together sters, we support the United Farm heart contracts they had signed with Workers Union." table and wine grape growers and with all of organized labor in the Cleve The ACLU said it would now some lettuce growers. The Teamsters land area in support of the fann implement its position in a number would, however, maintain recently re workers and to combine our ef of ways, including ffiing civil suits newed pacts with Salinas Valley let forts in their behalf." against Kern County, Calif., sher tuce growers, but assertedly would not Cochairmen of the committee in iffs for their strikebreaking activi renew them when they expire in i 97 5. clude local officers of the Auto Work ers, Steelworkers, Painters, 'Peach ties. Continue boycoH era, Communications Workers, The UFW in turn-according to this Transit Workers, and others. Seventeen farm workers were ar account'-would continue its boycott In Los Angeles on Sept. 20 the rested in Elizabeth, N.J., Sept. 11 of scab grapes and wine, and of lettuce American Civil Liberties Union of for sitting-in at the Wakefern Food from fields where the Teamsters re Southern California board of direc Corporation, a wholesaler for·Shop nounce their agreements. tors unanimously voted to support Rite supermarkets, in support of the The growers quickly declared they the United Farm Workers Union. grape and lettuce boycotts. Their would not let the Teamsters cancel The ACLU board said, "Because trial on trespassing charges began the contracts. But if the Teamsters members of the UFWU have been in the Elizabeth municipal court on do actually repudiate them, they are denied their First Amendment and Oct. 2, but no decision was reached reduced to worthless scraps of paper. other constitutional rights, andhave and the cases were continued.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 3 Feiffer designs Nixon button for ~01.0• court Political Rights Defense Fund ~:~~\8who A new Watergate button is out, de- ing Committee; and Donald Gurewitz, glad to associate myself with the Po- • d signed by cartoonist Jules Feiffer to SWP candidate for school committee litical Rights Defense Fund. Suits like once sp1e help raise money for the Political and a plaintiff in the suit. Reporters these will encourage all those who Rights Defense Fund (PRDF). from the Boston Globe, the American have been harassed by the govern- YSA The button will be sold by PRDF Herald Traveler, Boston University ment to fight back." Janice Lynn, on activists across the country in their News and four radio stations attend- PRDF National Field Secretary, and campaign to win support for the suit ed. The Globe reported that "a num- John Powers, SWP candidate for Bos By JON HILLSON by the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) her of rallies and news conferences by ton city council, also spoke at the DENVER- Revelations here have ex- and Young Socialist Alliance (YSA) political figures are being held to sup- meeting. posed the recent spying activities of against government Watergate-style port the fund." Lynn explained-that "excellent attor Robert Wilkinson, a former govern harassment. The news conference announced that neys and favorable public opinion are ment agent who once infiltrated the . Dr. Benjamin Spock, former attor- PRDF had already secured endorse- not enough- PRDF also needs money Denver Young Socialist Alliance. ney general Ramsey Clark, Eugene ment from 25 people in the Boston to present the issues in this case as On Nov. 10, 1971, Wilkinson was McCarthy, and John Leonard, editor widely as possible."· expelled from the Denver YSA for be of the New York Times Book Review, National PRDF representatives Syd ing an agent. His information-gather have recently endorsed PRDF's civil Stapleton and Michael Arnall are now ing extended beyond the YSA to in liberties campaign. touring the West Coast and Midwest clude the Colorado antiwar movement. The $27.5-million suit, filed in July to publicize and raise money for the Before infiltrating the YSA, Wilkin by attorney Leonard Boudin, charges defense effort. son had been a federally trained nar Nixon and other government officials To contribute, to order the new Feif- cotics agent in Albuquerque, N. M., with unconstitutional harassment. It fer button, or to arrange a meeting and an employee of the Burns Detec cites evidence of burglary, mail tam- for a PRDF speaker, send in the cou- tive Agency in Colorado. Denver and pering, bombing and wiretapping di- pon below. Colorado Springs media had employed rected against the SWP and YSA. The ------him under questionable circumstances. plaintiffs seek an immediate injunction Clip and send to: Political Rights De- He was registered by the Denver po to stop these illegal tactics and a rul- fense Fund, 150 Fifth Ave., Suite 311, lice to carry firearms. ing to declare the attorney general's New York, N.Y. 10011. Telephone: This summer Wilkinson was indicted list of "subversive" organizations un- (212) 691-3270. for illegal eavesdropping and unlaw constitutional. ful possession of wiretap devices in Other recent endorsers of the suit ( ) Please send me more information Fort Collins, Colo. On Sept. 19, in Watergate button designed by Jules include psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, on this suit. a different case, the Jefferson County Feiffer. comedian Dick Gregory, author Fran ( ) Enclosed is 50 cents for one Feif grand jury leveled two counts of il cine duPlessix Gray, and antiwar ac fer button. (25 cents each on orders of legal eavesdropping and one count tivists Philip and Daniel Berrigan. 10 or more.) of criminal libel against him. As part of the nationwide drive to area, including State Representative ( ) I would like to arrange a meet The Jefferson County charges against publicize the suit, Boston supporters of Barney Frank; Dr. Barbara Roberts, ing for a PRDF speaker to explain Wilkinson resulted from a private in PRDF held a news conference Sept. Harvard Medical School; and Russell the case to my school or organization. vestigation he conducted against 25 at the Community Church, a well Johnson of the American Friends·Ser- ( ) Enclosed is $ to help cover Michael Coon, chief of the intelligence known center of political activity. vice Committee. expenses. Name ______division of the Department of Safety Participants in the news conference At a meeting on "Socialists Sue the Address ______in Lakewood, Colo. Wilkinson was included suffragist Florence Luscomb; U.S. Government," sponsored by the Qity ______hired to "get dirt" on the police of Jim Besson, director of the Boston Boston Militant Forum, Representative ficial by the owner of a local tavern State ______Zip ______United Farm Workers Union Organiz- Frank told the audience of 60: "I am who was being harassed by Coon. Wilkinson hired prostitutes to extract information from Coon, and recorded their activities on film and tape. News of Coon's "misconduct" reached his superiors and he resigned amid Boudin tells of gov't attempts to a scandal. Wilkinson's methods of gathering in formation are very similar to those associated with White House "plumber" discredit him at Ellsberg trial G. Gordon Liddy. By CINDY JAQUITH In an interview with The Militant, din himself provided much of the in Whether Wilkinson was acting on the In his testimony before the Senate W a Boudin commented on Hunt's testi formation, terHorst said. orders of higher-ups when he spied tergate committee, E. Howard Hunt mony and other sabotage efforts di The moves to discredit Boudin in on the YSA and antiwar movement revealed that part of the government's rected against the defense team in the the press were part of a pattern of is not yet known. The Watergate rev massive campaign to discredit Daniel Pentagon papers trial. attacks on the Ellsberg defense, the elations, however, have shown that Ellsberg involved a slander effort attorney said. In May 197 2, he point freelance spies, detective agencies, and against one of Ellsberg' s defense at Boudin .said he recalled very few ed out, a gang of Cuban exiles was local police departments are an inte torneys, Leonard Boudin. articles in the press attacking him. hired by the government to physically gral part of the network of harassment Boudin is now representing the So "There were only one or two red assault Ellsberg while he addressed and provocation against radicals or cialist Workers Party and the Young baiting stories that appeared in col an antiwar rally in Washington, D. C. ganized by Washington. Socialist Alliance in a $27-million suit umns, I think. Generally speaking, Upon learning of this plot, the Pen The use of agents to spy on the against government harassment of the press concentrated on the issues tagon papers defense lawyers filed for YSA and the Socialist Workers Party radicals. in the case," he said. mistrial. is one of the charges against the gov Hunt told the senators that he wrote The apparent lack of success of the "In that motion for mistrial," Bou ernment in the $27 -million suit filed a derogatory article about Boudin White House slander campaign was din said, "we anticipated many things by the two organizations. The suit and gave it to former White House also confirmed by Jerald terHorst, that were revealed six months later. demands a halt to all Watergate-style counsel Charles Colson to distribute who has stated that Colson gave him That is, we already said that there harassment of the YSA and SWP. to reporters. Material from the article an eight-page article on Boudin. How had been a campaign by Liddy, Hunt, later appeared in a story by Jerald ever, terHorst said, he used only Mitchell, and Stans, to discredit Ells terHorst of the Detroit News, accord carefuHy checked facts in the story berg. That motion was denied, but ing to Hunt. he later wrote on the attorney. Bou- of course we were proven right six History of an months later." The government also wiretapped the undercover cop conversations of defense consultants, The October Young Socialist describes Boudin said. This was revealed by the history of Louis Anchill, an agent Judge Matt Byrne, who presided over provocateur who once infiltrated the the trial. Byrne admitted inadvertently YSA and tried to victimize its mem that the government had recorded at bers. Anchill recently testified as a least one discus,sion involving a mem government witness at the trial of the ber of the Ellsberg defense team. Gainesville Eight. The YS explains · "We never really learned who it was how Anchill functioned and what can that was wiretapped," Boudin told The be done to fight this type of govern Militant, "although I know that James ment attack. McCord testified he had overheard a Also in this issue, "Why Chile's conversation of mine." Allende Fell" and an interview with Boudin said he considered the ex United Farm Workers boycott ac tent of government attempts to disrupt tivists. the Ellsberg .defense "unprecedented," To obtain a copy, send 25 cents to Attorney leonard Boudin (center) describes SWP suit at July news conference. At indicating the fear in the White House Young Socialist, Box 4 71 Cooper left is YSA National Secretary Andrew Pulley. linda Jenness, SWP presidential candi of the popular support for the Pen Sta., New York, N.Y. 10003. date in 1972, is seated at right. tagon papers defendants.

4 CHILE: Three who escaped Firsthand accounts· of repress ton• in Chile

[About a week after the bloody coup These escalating raids enabled the ly abolished. The diplomas of its grad found, tortured the inhabitants in front in Chile, the Peruvian revolutionist right to test the strength of the workers uates were revoked. In ·the Universi of their families, shot some on the Hugo Blanco, who had been in exile movement, its capacity to resist. They dad Tecnica, the military carried out spot, and dragged others away to in Santiago, was able to escape to also started the process of selective a massacre on the first day of the prison, where, needless to say, they Mexico. His exit was arranged by repression aimed at decapitating the coup, slaughtering about 600 persons. continued torturing them. The troops the Swedish government, which has workers movement and the left parties. There was also a massacre at the In destroyed everything they could not offered him asylum. Blanco was ac The strongholds of the left in the stituto Pedag6gico. carry away. They were given free rein companied by the Argentine Trotsky factory belts, shantytowns, and There are reports that every·fifteen to take all valuables. This is the way ist Eduardo Creus and by a Brazilian schools like the Universidad Tecnica minutes a body is cremated in San the putchists egged on the soldiers comrade, JuliAo Bordao. On Septem were hit, and vanguard militants were tiago. Many persons have seen bodies to carry out the repression. They of ber 28, they gave the following inter seized and imprisoned. Throughout lying in the street. Murders have been fered them booty. view in Mexico City to a correspon this first phase of the repression, the seen in broad daylight. For example, The brunt of the repression was di dent of Intercontinental Press.] military and the police had the acqui if someone goes out for bread or some rected against the cordones [industrial escence of Allende and the UP leader thing like that, he is likely to be bullied belts] and the shantytowns. Massacres * * * ship. by the Carabineros [Riot Police], and took place in the squatters' settlements When they launched their massive anybody who protests is simply shot of Lo Hermida, La Legua, and Nue Question. How extensive has there terror on September 11, the military down. There was one occasion when va Havana. Many of the nationalized pression been in Chile? were also aided by the faltering de the Carabineros started beating peo factories where organization of the fensive line of the UP government. ple in a food line and when some per workers had reached its highest level Blanco. The military began their The UP government had called on sons objecte~, the whole line was were razed. This happened to the Su repression in advance of the coup, the workers to maintain a constant slaughtered. mar and Cristaleria plants in the Vi aiming to disarm and demobilize the guard on the factories. They did not The football stadiums have been cufia Mackenna Cord6n and to the people. They began raiding plants. turned into gigantic prisons in San Cobre Cerillos plant in the Cerillos For example, they raided an elec Interview with Hugo Blanco, tiago, Concepci6n, and Antofagasta. Cord6n, as well as many other fac tronics plant in Arica in the North. Eduardo Creus, and Juliao The island of Quiriquina has also tories. In Santiago there were several raids, Bordao. been converted into a prison. Innu The armed forces were turned into including one on a cemetery. All these merable military tribunals have been a murder machine. Many persons searches were carried out under the call for seizing the factories but only set up. There .are ten in Valparaiso were killed immediately on being ta cover of the so-called Arms Control for guarding them. They meant that alone, for example. There are a lot ken prisoner, or the next day, as it Law, which was passed by the right the workers should continue working of executions going on, al}d the junta occurred to the military. The objec wing bloc in parliament at the cul for bosses and even imperialists and is threatening to punish any kind of tive of the repression was to clear mination of the last offensive against that after doing back-breaking labor resistance with death. Any act of sab the left out of all the factories and the government in October 1972. The all day, carrying out the UP's order otage in word or deed is supposed centers, by killing them, driving them UP [Unidad Popular-Popular Unity, to produce more and win "the battle to be punishable by summary execu out, and arresting them. In this way the class-collaborationist ruling coali of production," they should stay on tion. the workers movement was decapi tion] did not actively oppose it, how at night doing guard duty. Obvious An all-embracing campaign of in tated. ever. The UP deputies abstained and ly this meant that those who did stay timidation against the population be Allende did not veto it. were mainly the vanguard. Most of gan at 3:00 p.m. on September 11, Q. What is the situation now of the In the South, they raided the Lane the workers tired of this. So that it when the junta gave the order that political exiles who found refuge in ra Austral factory, where they killed was essentially the vanguard that was everyone was to remain in their Chile under the UP government? some workers. In the same area, the trapped in the factories when the mili homes, that no one could be on the military . launched a repression tary launched its attack. streets. Many people could not get Blanco. The campaign against for against peasants who demonstrated On the day of the coup, the mili home. For example, I had to walk eigners is a very important aspect their opposition to the June 29 at tary launched a massive strike against thirty-five blocks to get to my home. of the repression in Chile. Being tempted coup. Some were dragged the factories and the shantytowns, The next day there was a curfew pointed out as a foreigner, especially across the ground by helicopters or seeking to massacre the vanguard. around the clock. It was only lifted one from another Latin American tortured in front of their families. At the same time, they tried to round on Thursday [September 13] at noon. country, can mean instant death. This Sailors who showed opposition to the up all the leaders of the left parties The people were kept imprisoned in campaign is obviously not the work coup were also tortured and im as well as the UP ministers and depu their homes. It was certain death to of the Chilean bourgeoisie or the prisoned. All of this was part of the ties. be on the street. putschists alone. Most of the for softening-up process that preceded the Next, the repression was directed While the military held the popu eigners played no role in the gov take-over. As a final test, in Santiago against the intermediate cadres. The lation pinned down and atomized this ernment. This is obviously an action they raided the Cobre Cerillos factory activists in the factories were fired, ar way, they carried out almost indis directed by the imperialists, by in the Cord6n Cerillos and the Sumar rested, and murdered. The universi criminate mass raids; They ·broke into the CIA. factory in the Cord6n Vicufia Mac ties were closed. The University of the houses of everyone who had been Chile has been turned into a trap. kenna. Three days after these raids, Concepci6n, a well-known center of denounced by some rightist or an Or since the Chilean national an they made their strike. the far left, was shut down and formal- other, beat up whatever persons they Continued on following page

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 5 CHILE: Three who escaped

' eee a a Continued from preceding page lifted, I had to get out of my house. ple in the shantytowns who were push mal, the amount of weapons in the them says that the country will be I took refuge in the Swedish Embassy iQ.g for direct distribution of food and hands of the workers was minimal. either the refuge of the oppressed or and later in the home of the Mexican other supplies. Finally the repression But with the proper organization, the the grave of the free, perhaps we ambassador, which I was finally al of the right escalated, and they began resistance could have assumed gigan should say· that it has been turned lowed to leave to come here to Mexi attacks on factories and the poor tic proportions. into a tomb. co. But many Chileanswho had taken neighborhoods while Allende was still Since Chile had opened its doors to refuge in the embassy and in the am in office. Q. Did any splits show up in the political refugees, many revolution bassador's house were not given exit In this whole process, the role of armed forces? ists were concentrated there. Mainly permits, and in some cases only some the Communist and Socialist parties these were Brazilians. There were also members of families were allowed to was to act as a brake on the popular Creus. There were two types of op Argentines, Uruguayans, Bolivians, leave. For example, there was the case mobilization. Part of their policy was position to the coup. There was a Dominicans, Venezuelans, and others of Alejandro Chilen Rojas. They gave the "dialogue" with the right and the sector of the officers who were against from the Central American countries. visas to his wife and daughter-in-law campaign for production. They did the take-over. It was led by Prats. But So the coup was an excellent oppor and grandson. The:y: are here in Mexi not tell the workers to organize so as it was very weak. Nonetheless, this tunity for the imperialists to trap this co City. But he was not allowed to to advance the process, but to work division could have been exploited by entire vanguard. At the same time, it leave. His crime was mainly publish harder and harder, even in the fac the proletariat if it had had a really could piously wash its hands of the ing books. He worked for the Mantu tories that were still in the hands of revolutionary leadership. A reform affair. The blame was on the junta. publishing house. the imperialists. ist leadership could not take advan The imperialists and the other Latin The Mexican Embassy deserves spe Although the masses were on the tage of it. When Prats told Allende American bourgeoisies could look on cial credit for gettidg refugees out. offensive throughout most of the UP that the only way out was to fire six innocently. They were not the ones They are doing everything they can. government's term in office, they were teen generals, Allende said he didn't killing, jailing, and torturing this van But don't think that it is easy to get held back by their reformist leader guard, only the Chilean junta. But into the embassies. They are surround ships. When the right went on the of this was really an international re ed by police. The day before I left fensive in October, the reformists kept pressive operation by the various I saw them capture three persons who the masses in a strictly defensive po bourgeoisies, headed by the im were trying to make it into the am sition. The workers saw the need to perialists. bassador's home. arm and talked about organizing de fense committees. But the Allende gov ernment said that there could be no armed forces but the Carabineros and the military.

Q. Did opposition to this reformist policy develop in the Communist and Socialist parties?

Creus. In the CP I saw only indi vidual dissidents. In the SP there were dissident currents but in the end they Militant/Ben Atwood capitulated to their reformist leader BLANCO: 'We have to develop a world ships. The real effect of these left cur wide campaign to restrain the repres rents was to reinforce reformism. Mili sion ....' tant workers joined the SPin the hope that they could win it over to a revo lutionary line and they became have the strength to do it. So, Prats trapped in a reformist structure. and the other anticoup officers had to resign. Q. How extensive was the resistance The common soldiers were another to the coup? matter. Among them there were rev olutionary elements ready to fight Creus. There was no organized re alongside the working class. There sistance. The workers wanted to fight. was murmuring in the armed forces But in the absence of a genuinely rev against the putschist plans, rather than olutionary organization there could active opposition. In the absence of a revolutionary organization, such op 'This is a defeat of catastrophic proportions.' be no organized resistance. There was some resistance by snipers. There was position could take- only an isolated, some resistance by groups besieged atomized form. There was a case of in places like the Instituto Pedag6gico, a Carabinero who shot a lieutenant For example, the Uruguayan and Creus. I would like to add one thing but they were slaughtered. ·They tried and a captain and called on the others Brazilian governments backed up ·the to what Hugo said about the repres to put up a fight in the Universidad to join him. But he was alone and junta in this campaign by claiming sion. There were wholesale expulsions Tecnica, but they were massacred. so no one else followed him and he that the persons from their coun of activists, mainly from the factories There was resistance in the shanty was killed. It is probable that such tries who went to Chile had the ob of the nationalized sector that had been town of La Legua, but there wa-s a incidents occurred in many places but jective of developing terrorist opera seized by the workers. The junta it massacre there like the one in Lo in a disorganized way. tions. Thus, they gave the junta carte self has said that 15 percent of the Hermida. The case of the sailors in Valparaiso blanche to murder the Uruguayan workers in these plants have been fired. shows how the reformists disorganized and Brazilian compaiieros. Q. To what extent were the workers any opposition in the army. When There was an enormous pogrom, armed? the sailors manifested their disapprov similar to the Nazi persecution of the Q. What has the Chilean experience al of the June 29 coup and the mili Jews. Leaflets were dropped from air shown about the theory of the "peace Creus. The left organizations had a tary's plans for a take-over, the offi planes and helicopters. The radio sta ful road" to socialism? lot of guns. But these weapons were cers repressed them. And the govern tions called on the people to turn in not ih the hands of the workers. They ment endorsed this repression. It ap all foreigners who had come to Chile Creus. This theory did not have were kept in special arsenals by the proved it first by its silence and later to kill Chileans. That gave rightists much to do with reality. The class leaderships. This was another aspect explicitly. who didn't like foreigners a chance struggle never stopped. The workers of the bureaucratic organization of to run to the nearest police station occupied factories and the peasants the left parties. Even if the leader ships Q. There are some elements in the and sic the military and police on took land without asking the permis had wanted to arm the workers, there U.S. Communist party that accuse everyone they knew about. There sion of the UP. On the other hand, was no organization suited to this the revolutionary left of provoking was a good probability that those the rightists kept up a constant at task. There was the case of the gov the coup by promoting the national arrested, especially if it was by the tack on the government. They pres ernor of Talca, for examt>le. He want izations and a socialist policy. What army or the air force, would be killed sured the government to use the po ed to resist and did put up a fight is your opinion of that? on the spot. lice to repress the workers who want with some persons but it was only ed to advance the process of social a small group. Creus. Those who provoked the ization. For example, on many occa It was no good having guns, if they coup were not the left, because the Q. How were you able to get out sions when the workers occupied the were not in the hands of the workers. only thing that could have stopped of the country? factories, it was the Allende govern And there was. no organization to en the coup was the advance of the strug ment itself that cleared them out. On able the workers to resist in an orga gles of the working class, toward more Blanco. As soon as the curfew was other occasions, it repressed the peo- nized way. So, the resistance was mini- nationalization, workers control, mea-

6 sures that would have strengthened were not even on the level of the cor bryos of this type of fascist gangs ganizations that claim to uphold hu workers power, including the arming dones. We were not against the co in Chile. man rights. of the proletariat. These measures, as mandos comunales, but we thought At present, the repression is being The demand should be raised that well as encouraging the soldiers to that the fundamental thing was carried out almost entirely by the the Chilean government give exit per resist the coup, are the only thing to strengthen the cordones industriales, armed forces. If the fascists have been mits to all political exiles and give that could have blocked it. But instead which should have been the axis of involved in any of this, we have no them safe-conduct passes out of the of advancing this development, the the comandos. comunales. news of it. On the other hand, the country. Chile has signed the Latin UP leadership held all this back and Along with their opportunism, it fascists are playing a role by inform American treaty on asylum, and if even assisted the repression. So it is should be noted that there were spon ing on leftists and by offering the it denies the right to leave to one not the revolutionary left that taneist and adventurist attitudes in the junta trucks and everything it needs. single exile it is violating this treaty. provoked the coup but the reformist MIR. At times they planned seizing But the repression, the massacres, is So, we must demand that this treaty leadership s-fundamentally the Com factories and streets in sudden actions being carried out by the armed forces. be respected and that the cordons munist party, and also, of course, that were not prepared by previous around the Latin American embassies the SP leadership. mobilization of the masses and by Q. How great a defeat do you think be removed. discussion. This obviously led to fail the Chilean workers have suffered? At the same time, we have to fight Q. What about the MIR [Movimien ures. At times they tried to substitute How soon will they he able to re to assure the exiles new places of asy to de Izquierda Revolucionaria-Move the action of groups of their own mem cover? lum and keep them from being re- ment of the Revolutionary Left}? What bers for that of the masses. For exam kind of an alternative did it offer to ple, when they tried to take some fac the reformist leadership of the UP! tories back from the rightists who had occupied them while the workers were Juliiio Bordao: At no time did the out, they wanted to have Mirista MIR really seek to win the masses groups do it, instead of trying to or away from the UP's reformism. This ganize the workers themselves, who is the key for assessing the MIR. In were beginning to see the need to do the period before Allende took office, this. This happened specifically in the the MIR's political line could be char AG factory. acterized as ultraleft. They raided As the comrade said, they failed to banks and did all the things that are put up their own candidates in elec called urban guerrilla warfare. But tions· when they had the strength' to at no time did they try to win the do so. Instead they gave uncritical masses away from reformism. Instead support to the leader of the SP left they threw themselves into vanguard wing, Altamirano. ist actions. Tanks in Santiago during the coup Then when Allende was elected, the Q. What is the role of the fascist MIR changed its line, but they really groups in the repression? just turned the coin over. From a Creus. The working class has suf turned to their countries. For exam policy of urban guerrilla warfare, they Creus. Everybody is calling the jun fered a very grave defeat. The en ple, sending some Brazilians back to turned to capitulating to Allende, es ta a fascist government. We don't think tire vanguard is being crushed. The their country means just killing them sentially to an opportunist line. Al that what exists in Chile is fascism. leadership in the cordones and the in Brazil instead of Chile. The orga though they retained their organiza I don't say this to try to prettify the left parties is being annihilated- not nizations that defend human rights tional independence from the UP, they junta any or to minimize its guilt. just the top leadership, but the inter must campaign to get the exiles out were drawn in fundamentally behind This does not mean that it is any mediate leadership and now even the and to a place where they will be in its policy. The line of the MIR in fact less_ barbarous; it could hardly be activists in the factories. The entire no danger. There are in fact Brazil became integrated with that of the UP. any more barbarous. The fact is that student body at the University of Con ians who have been forced to take They launched attacks periodically on if the military has not established a cepci6n, for example, has fallen under refuge in their own embassy because the UP, but the central aspect was fascist regime, it is not because it the repression. It is a defeat from in the face of the kind of terror the their support for it. doesn't want to. Fascism, as we de which it will take a long time to re Chilean junta has unleashed, they pre That is, just as they did not seek fine it, is a mass mo~ement. It in cover. ferred to die in their own country. to win the masses away from the re volves political gangs repressing the It should be pointed out that many formists in the first phase of their ac masses. But there are only the em- Blanco. This is a defeat of cata of the Brazilians who were in Chile tivity, so they did not do so in the strophic proportions because it comes had never participated in the revolu second. They tended in fact to sup in the context of a series of defeats tionary movement but were studying, port the left wing of the Socialist party, in Latin America. The coups in Uru or working, or had some other non helping it to keep the most militant guay, Bolivia, and Brazil, for exam political reason to be in the country. workers from going beyond the frame ple, have reinforced the reactionaries. But the fact that they have to escape work of the UP. Argentina is one of the few bulwarks from Chile-because it is a capital left. In the present situation, it rep crime there now to be a Brazilian Creus. As the comrade says, the resents a great hope for a new rise means that they cannot return to Bra zil, because going back under these MIR was unable to build an alterna in Latin America. conditions means that they would un tive mass leadership. It should questionably be regarded as political be noted that the MIR did nominally Q. What can we do outside Chile criminals. have a caucus in the union move to help minimize this defeat? It is 'important to expose the junta's ment, the Frente de Trabajadores Rev almost unprecedented campaign of ter olucionarios [FTR- Front of Revolu Blanco. We have to develop a world ror against the population. Despite tionary Workers]. But this was only wide campaign to restrain the repres stories of armed resistance, what has an appendage of the MIR and suf sion in Chile. In the first place, we been going on has been essentially fered from all its defects. The MIR have to stop the executions and kill a massacre of a defenseless people. was essentially a bureaucratic orga ings, many of which take place every nization and the FTR also suffered day. Secondly, we have to win more from this bureaucratism. It was im humane treatment for the prisoners possible by such meth-ods to organize and force the military to abolish its an independent workers vanguard. special tribunals. The demonstrations The social base of the MIR was that occurred throughout the world Hugo Blanco first of all peasants and then the in in the wake of the coup had an im habitants of the shantytown belts mediate effect. A few days after the around the cities. They had very little initial massacres, it was evident that on Chile in the workers movement. This led they were trying to apply some re them in an opportunist way to under straint. So, I think that this campaign estimate the cordones industriales, must be continued in order to save &Peru which were the vanguard of the work many lives from the slaughter that is A revolutionist's assessment after the ing class. They put their emphasis going on every day. first year of th~ Allende government. on the comandos comunales, which The situation of the foreigners in 16 pp., 35 cents. combined the shantytowns and some Chile· is extremely grave. The world other sectors and in which the work has not seen such a hysterical po PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., 410 West ers were included but in a diluted grom since the years of Nazism. This St., New York, N.Y. 10014 way. No real comando comunal ex Soldiers retrieving a corpse. Thousands is something that should interest not isted; there were only embryos that of workers have been killed. just the left organizations but all or-

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 7 CHILE: Repression continues New confirmation of mass executions By DAVE FRANKEL claims of the copper companies." Grim confirmation of the many re That Business Week expects the ports of mass executions ·in Chile was junta to pay up was indicated in the carried in the Oct. 8 issue of News title of its article: "A future for busi wee~ magazine. Newsweek's John ness in Chile." No doubt the first para Barnes visited the Santiago city graph of the story reflected some of morgue and saw for himself the ap the feelings that U.S. executives pre palling evidence o.f the junta's work. fer to keep private for the time being. "One hundred and fifty dead bodies It read: were laid out on the ground floor, "'I am laughing for the first time awaiting identification by family mem in a long time,' says Andronico bers," Barnes wrote. "Upstairs, I Luksic, a Chilean businessman. 'I passed through· a swing door and sing in the shower and my days are there in a dimly lit corridor lay at full of plans.' " least 50 more bodies.... "Most had been shot at close range under the chin. Some .had been ma chinegunned in the body. Their chests had been slit open and sewn together Junta:'Now grotesquely in what presumably had been a pro forma autopsy. They were you will pay' all young and, judging from the Newsweek reporter John Barnes roughness of their hands, · all from gave the following account of an the working class." interview with a mother of two from The next day Barnes returned. "There Chilean family in shantytown slum. Junta's bloodbath is aimed at terrorizing workers the Pincoya poblaci6n (shantytown were more bodies, perhaps 70, and and urban poor into submission. · slum). She said: they were different from the day be "Soldiers raided our poblaci6n fore." ing the dead. He told me he saw 200 heard speakers, and dispersed without last Saturday at 8 in the morning. Barnes reported, "Workers at the bodies, all piled together. Tales like incident. In the section where we live, they that abound in Santiago, and though Apparently the junta was reluctant rounded up about 50 men and held For analysis by Chilean Trotsky information is almost nonexistent for to intervene after the international them until a police lieutenant came ists before the coup, see World the rest of Chile, the presumption is scandal that resulted from the sack to take his pick. When the lieutenant Outlook section. that the executions have followed a ing of Neruda's home. All the poet's saw my husband, he made him step similar pattern in other cities." books were seized, and some of his forward and told him: 'Now you morgue have been warned that they Barnes's story highlights the white papers have been reported missing. will pay for all _you people have will be court-martialed and shot if wash that the American press as a The junta is trying to blame the de done.' The carabineros took him they reveal what is going on there. whole has been giving the junta. The struction on a 10-year-old boy. and a few others to the police sta But I was able to obtain an official Washington Post, Christian Science The junta has tried to justify its tion, and the rest were arrested by morgue body-count from the daughter Monitor, Wall Street Journal, and New barbaric repression by manufacturing soldiers." of a member of its staff: by the four York Times have all downplayed the a specter of "left-wing terrorism," and Barnes writes that "for three days, teenth day following the coup, she dozens of accounts of mass executions, claiming that it acted only in order she and the other women of Pincoya said, the morgue had received and stressing that such reports have been to forestall a coup by Allende. How searched for their men in police processed 2, 796 corpses. circulated by opponents of the junta. ever, Jonathan Kandell reported in stations and the two soccer stadi "No one knows how many have As of Oct. 1 the junta claimed to have the Sept. 27 New York Times that ums where thousands are incarcer been disposed of elsewhere; a grave executed 19 people. Chilean officers began to plot their ated. It was only after they heard digger told me of reports that heli coup last November. "In April, the that a 17-year-old boy from their copters have been gathering bodies Reign of terror government somehow found out that block had been found at the morgue at the emergency first-aid center in All indications are that the reign of we were plotting and they started to -shot in the head and chest- that central Santiago, then carrying them terror is continuing. New arrests are consider ways of stopping us," said they made the journey to see the out to sea to be dumped. One priest announced each day. On Sept. 30 the one officer quoted by Kandell. lists of the dead. There they found informed me that on the Saturday junta announced the establishment of According to Kandell, "By August her husband, Gabriel, as well as after the coup he had managed to a system of neighborhood telephones of this year, the military leaders had every adult male from one block get into the City's Technical Univer to allow citizens to turn in people they rejected any .thought of a civilian po of their poblaci6n." sity, which had been the scene of believe to be "extremists." litical solution and had encouraged Barnes also related an interview heavy fighting, on the pretext of bless- Even the Roman Catholic hierarchy, middle-class unions to continue their with a resident of another pobla which has offered to cooperate with - prolonged strikes against Dr. Allen ci6n. "On the day the coup took the military regime in the "reconstruc de's Government to set the stage for place, he told me, he and one of his sons saw ten high-school stu tion" of the country, has expressed a military take-over. dents marched from their school, some reservations at the extent of the "'We would have acted even if USLA Reporter their hands over their heads, ·after repression. Allende had called a plebiscite or 15,000 copies of a special issue a brief skirmish. with carabineros. Marvine Howe reported in the Oct. 1 reached a compromise with the politi of the USLA Reporter have just They were forced to lie face down New York Times on the case of the cal Opposition,' said an officer deeply come off the press. The Reporter on the ground, and then a police Reverend Juan Alcina, a Spanish involved in the plotting of the coup." is the publication of the U.S. Com man walked the line of prone priest of the Catholic Action Workers mittee for Justice to Latin Ameri Movement. Alcina was arrested and Right-wing oHensive ' youngsters, spraying them with can Political Prisoners. the Archbishop notified of his deten Since the coup, the junta has not machine-gun fire." The eight-page magazine, geared tion. Several days later, his body was limited its activities to mass execu to the emergency situation in Chile, fished out of the Mapocho River with tions. It is replacing all university will feature: eyewitness accounts of ten bullet holes in the back. rectors with its own appointees and --· the repression from Peruvian peas - purging school textbooks. Nationwide ant leader Hugo Blanco and other In another case, Howe wrote, "A wage increases set for Oct. 1 have refugees just out of Chile; reprints Chilean priest, Miguel Woodward, been canceled, and a wage freeze has of published accounts of the coup who lived and worked in a slum dis been imposed. that haven't been picked up widely trict of Valparaiso and taught a Efforts to undo the gains won while in the U.S.; an analysis ofthemean course in trade unionism in the Cath Allende was in office a:nd to attract ing of the coup for democratic rights olic University, was arrested and in Chile and action proposals for beaten 'savagely,' according to church foreign capital to Chile are also pro" what can be done about it in this sources. He died from his wounds ceeding. The junta has indicated that country. in a Valparaiso hospitaL" more than 400 of the 500 enterprises The USLA Reporters are 15 cents The systematic terrorism of the junta that came under government control each, with discounts for bulk orders. makes even more impressive the dis during the past three years will be Send or call your orders to: USLA, play of defiance that took place Sept. returned to their former owners. 150 Fifth Ave., Suite311, New York, 25 at the funeral of Pablo Neruda. On Sept. 2,8 Chile's new foreign min N.Y. 10011. Telephone: (212) 691- N eruda, the Nobel Prize-winning poet ister, Admiral Ismael Huerta, told 2880. and former Communist Party presi U.S. copper companies that "the door USLA is in touch with a number dential candidate, died of can is open" for resumption of negotia cer Sept. 23. tions on compensation for their na of people who were i~ Chile during the coup and are willing to speak Several thousand people turned out tionalized holdings. The attitude of at protest meetings about what they for his funeral, despite a cordon of the U.S. capitalists was featured in saw. Contact the committee to ar troops and police with machine guns bold type in the Sept. 29 issue of range a speaker for your area. and rifles around the cemetery. The Business Week, which warned: "U.S. mourners sang the "Internationale," prospects hinge on how Chile settles

8 CHILE: Protests 'Humanity stands aghast' at massacres No letup in int'l outcry against Chile junta By CAROLINE LUND unanimity," Fullbright stated. "Not one OCT. 2- Expressions of protest and expresses approval, or even accep revulsion throughout the world con tance, of the coup. On the contrary, tinue to confront the Chilean military they express dismay, strongsuspicions New York protest rally junta and its backers in Washington. of U.S. involvement, and deep con The New York chapter of USLA is lina from the Living Theater and Internationally, actions have multi cern over the fate of Chilean support building a mass meeting Oct. 12 to US LA; and David White, vice-presi plied- from England, where more ers of the Allende regime and of the protest the repression in Chile. Fea dent of Local 1199, Drug and Hos than 5,000 persons marched on Sept. foreign exile community in Chile." tured speakers will be Patricia and pital Union. 16; to Cuba, where 200,000 protested Prestigious professional organiza Adam Garrett-Schesch, who were Sept. 17 at the call of the Central Or tions have condemned the outrages of held for a week in Santiago's na The event has been endorsed by the Chilean junta. The Authors League ganization of Cuban Trade Unions. tional stadium. a wide spectrum of individuals and of America, representing 6,000 writers, A demonstration of 100,000 took The meeting is scheduled for 8 organizations, including the United released a statement saying that it "de p.m. at MacMillan Auditorium, Co Farm Workers Union; Washingto_n plores the book burning and suppres lumbia University, 116th Street and Square Methodist Church; Third sion of writers by the Chilean Govern Broadway. World People's Coalition; Psycholo ment." Speakers will also include colum gists for Social Action; Socialist Another statement addressed to the nist Jose Torres; attorney Conrad Workers Party; Young Socialist Al junta came from Grove Press, which Lynn; Allende aide Mark Cooper; liance; James Harrison, U. S. chair has published the poems of Chilean writer Annette Rubenstein; Chester man of Amnesty International; and Communist Pablo Neruda, who died Feuerstein, president of New York the Reverend Bill Wipfler of the Lat during the coup. Society of Clinical Psychologists; in American department of the Na "Humanity stands aghast at your in Dr. Benjamin Spock; Edward Boor tional Council of Churches. (Orga famous sacking and butchery of the stein, formerly economic adviser of nizational affiliations of individuals literary testament of Pablo Neruda," Salvador Allende and the Bank of are for identification purposes it said. "Your act recalls the worst Chile; Dave McReynolds; Judith Ma- only.) days of Hitler's Third Reich." An appeal against the Chilean gen erals' "reign of terror" was released Sproul Plaza at the University of Cali Alliance, and several professors and by leading American scholars includ fornia in Berkeley Oct. 2. Protesters religious figures in the Denver com ing Jerome Wiesner, president of Mass heard speakers from USLA, the North munity. achusetts Institute of Technology, and American Congress on Latin Amer Participating in the action, which John Lewis, dean of the Woodrow ca, the Young Socialist Alliance, and was reported in the Denver Post, were Wilson School of International Affairs others. more than 100 students and teachers at Princeton University, In Denver more than 200 people from the Escuela Tlatelolco, a Chicano Local street demonstrations and pro joined a picket line at the federal build school, and members of the Union test meetings continued into the third ing Sept. 28. It was sponsored by the of Mexican-American Students at the week after the coup, with no sign of Crusade for Justice, USLA, Socialist University of Colorado in Boulder. letup. Some Latin American defense Workers Party, Young Socialist Continued on page 22 groups in the U.S. have called for Patricia and Adam Garrett-Schesch, who a national week of protest against witnessed executions in Chile's national the Chilean military regime Oct. 8-15. stadium, will speak at USLA rally in N.Y. The U. S. Committee for Justice to Oct. 12. Latin American Political Prisoners ( USLA) sent Judy White, editor of the place in Mexico City. USLA Reporter, to Mexico City · In this country, the feelings of the to meet with exiles from Peru, Brazil, American people were indicated when Uruguay, Bolivia, and other coun Senator William Fulbright (D-Ark.) tries, who have escaped from Chile. reported that thousands of letters, tele She gathered eyewitness testimony on grams, and even long-distance phone the repression and discussed with them calls had bombarded the Foreign Re steps to coordinate the defense cam lations Committee. paign in this country. "What is unprecedented is their More than 300 people rallied at San Francisco

USLA urges: Defend those in danger! The U.S. Committee for Justice to cratic rights of the following individ Bolivian POR(Masas); Angel Par Latin American Political Prisoners uals be assured: ra, Chilean singer; Guillermo Cahn, (USLA) has begun a campaign on Pedro Enriquez, lawyer for the Chilean fllmmaker; Pedro Chaskel, behalf of well-known Latin Ameri Chilean MIR (Movement of the Rev Chilean fll.mmaker; Ulrick Joly, can figures who are known to have olutionary Left); Theotonio dos Haitian political refugee. been arrested or are being hunted Santos, noted Brazilian political Two names recently added to the by the Chilean military butchers. economist; Vania Bambilla, noted list are Alejandro Chilen Rojas, USLA learned Oct. 3 that the jun Brazilian political economist; Ruy Chilean Socialist Party leader; and ta has announced plans for the.exe Mauro Marini, Brazilian political Haime Barrio, economic adviser to cution of Luis Corvalan, the Chilean scientist; Ernani Maria Fiori, Bra Allende. Communist Party leader who is zilian philosopher; Gustavo Beg Three names from the original haut, Uruguayan director of Latin among the list of intended victims USLA list have been removed be USLA has publicized. USLA has American studies at the Sorbonne. cause they are no longer in imme Also, Juan Lechin, Bolivian trade sent the Communist Party USA a diate danger, owing to international message conveying outrage at this union leader; Elsa Pella vda. Her pressure on the junta or other fac report and inviting the CP to send nandez, widow of Dominican revo tors. They are: Chilean Socialist a speaker to the Oct. 12 meeting lutionist Romero Hernandez; Anna Party leader Carlos Altamirano; planned for Columbia University to Napoleon, Haitian political refugee; Peruvian peasant leader Hugo protest such brutal acts of terror. Julio Cortazar, Argentine writer; Emma de Torres, wife of Juan Jose Blanco; and Mario Pedrosa, Bra Many others in Chile face the dan Torres, former president of Bolivia, zilian art and social critic. ger of the same fate announced for and a leader of defense efforts for USLA asks that letters describing Corvalan. USLA is asking that tele Bolivian political prisoners. protests about these individuals be grams and petitions of protest be Also Hugo Gonzales Moscoso, sent to local newspapers to help in sent to General Augusto Pinochet leader of the Bolivian POR(Com crease awareness of the situation in cjo the Chilean Ambassador to the bate) (Revolutionary Workers Par Chile, and copies of all protests U.S., Chilean Embassy, 1736 Mas ty); Patricio Gussman, Chilean fllm should be sent to USLA to be used sachusetts Ave. N. W., Washington, maker; Maria Ester Gilio, Uru in further publicity. USLA's address D. C. 20036. Such telegrams should Militant/Della Rosso guayan lawyer who defended many is 150 Fifth Ave., Suite 311, New demand that· the safety and demo- Los Angeles. 'Free the political prisoners!' Tupamaros; Guillermo Lora of the York, N.Y. 10011.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 9 In Our Letters

King-Riggs match Solidarity with prisoners Chile defense urgent! Someone commented that the reaction On Sept. 5 in Indianapolis, 15 peo of women-and many men-to Billie ple picketed and leafletted at the In The world is only beginning to grasp the horror of the coup Jean King's victory over Bobby diana statehouse in solidarity with in Chile. Riggs was reminiscent of the response Indiana State Prison inmates at Working people and poverty-stricken slum-dwellers mowed in Black communities back in the Michigan City. down with machine guns. Worker militants tortured in· front late .1930s when Joe Louis whipped The demonstrators carried signs of their families. Victims beheaded and mutilated. A pogrom Max Schmelling, who was built up saying "Stop Institutional Racism!" against "foreigners." The workers defenseless, unorganized, as a representative of Adolf Hitler's and "Support the prisoners' just de "master race." and betrayed by their leaders in the Communist and Social mands!" One example of the response to The picket line was called follow ist parties. A whole generation of young, militant trade union King's victory was a spontaneous ing the take-over of several cellblocks ists and revolutionary-minded workers massacred. · demonstration of 500 undergraduates at the prison to dramatize miserable And sitting on top of the corpses, the bankers, businessmen, at Smith College, the country's living conditions there. Several and landlords of Chile are celebrating. "I am laughing for biggest all-women college. The women hostages were taken, and were sub the first time in a long time," one of them told Business Week, poured out of the dorms and opened sequently released unharmed. The as the junta prepared to hand over to the capitalists more the usually locked bell tower to mark prisoners presented a list of 25 de than 400 enterprises that had been taken over by the workers. the occasion. According to the news mands and requested press confer The situation in Chile demands that the weight of a mas report, they carried a sign, "Today ences and access to reporters. sive international defense movement be thrown into the bal tennis-tomorrow the world." The amount of publicity given to ance to stay the hand of the butchers. H.R. the take-over and the overwhelming Our first goal must be to stop the massacres, executions, Los Angeles, Calif. public sympathy for the prisoners pressured Indiana Governor Otis and torture, and to demand exit passes for the thou Bowen to personally investigate the· sands who are trying to escape Chile. conditions at the prison. He agreed In the United States we need a continued, emergency mo Consumer protests that living and working standards bilization of all democratic forces. Students should organize Anger at constantly rising prices were indeed intolerable and stressed massive protest rallies and teach-ins. Trade unionists should keeps deepening across the entire the need to avoid an "Attica" in propose that their unions come to the defense of their brothers population. I realize it is hard for Indiana. and sisters in the outlawed trade-union federation of Chile. The Militant to keep up with all the Despite his investigation, however, protest activilies taking place, so I The Chicano and. Puerto Rican communities should mobi Bowen refused to consider the de would like to let your readers know mand to fi,re racist Warden Lesh." lize to aid the Chilean people-fellow victims of the racist of some recent events in the New Yankee imperialists. Bowen's solution was to raise the York area. ._. pay of the guards and institute a We in the U.S. have a special responsibility to take up On Sept. 18, the Harlem Consumer training program for them! this defense campaign. Behind the Chilean coup stands the Education Council and the Food Ac Represented on the picket line were government that acts in our name. It is the U. S. imperialists tion Campaign held a day-long edu CEPAC; United Afrikans for One who armed and trained the Chilean generals to do their dirty cational conference on the situation Motherland, International; the Young work for them. The Chilean military brass are simply junior facing the American consumer and Socialist Alliance; and the Young partners of the imperialists in Washington, who will-stop at responses to it. Keynote speakers Workers Liberation League. no limits of barbarism to maintain their system of exploita included Jose Angel Gutierrez of La D.E. tion. Raza Unida Party and Florence Rice Indianapolis Many working people in this country-their eyes partially on the Harlem Consumers -Education opened by the revelations surrounding Watergate and· the Council. Consumer protests have not been secret history of the Vietnam war-are already convinced confined to the major cities. In New that the Democrats and Republicans in Washington secretly 'Widows get robbed' Jersey, a demonstration sponsored Your readers might- be interested in backed the rightist coup in Chile. . by two consumer groups, Until Prices an editorial that appeared in the Sept. Washington's role is further confirmed by the U.S. govern Drop and Stop These Outrageous 7 Tulsa Daily World. Titled "Widows ment's refusal to aid the political refugees from the slaughter Prices, was held in H;ackensack on Get Robbed," the editorial said that S.ept. ·B. In conjunction with this ac in Chile. Oklahoma "collects about $5 million tion, 32, 500 signatures were collected At the same time that Washington.shuts out refugees from a year in estate taxes from widows, on a petition demanding rational the Chilean rightist terror, State Department officials are fall which widowers in similar circum ing over themselves to waive immigration quotas to let 20,000 economic policies. stances would not have to pay.... Cuban counterrevolutionaries enter the U.S. from Spain. M.T. "As matters now stand, if a typical Continue the campaign to get out the truth about Chile! New York, N.Y. farmer outlives his wife, he pays tax End the massacres, executions, torture! on only half the estate. If the wife survives her husband, however, she · Free the political prisoners! Huni's tall yarn Open U. S. borders to refugees from Chile! may have to pay on 100 percent of Open CIA and government files on Chile to let the Ameri E. Howard Hunt, opening Senator the value. The law illogically and can people know the role of the U. S. government in the coup! Ervin's second Watergate show, spun irrationally pt"esumes that her work a tall yarn for us that shouldn't pass as a farm wife made no contribution unnoticed. to the estate. Hunt, the author of some 40 spy "The law should· be changed." fictions and a former Hollywood M.M. scriptwriter, exceeded his past fan New_ York, N.Y. tasies when he asked us to accept ... but not this way as fact that he directed the Watergate burglary because he believed the Dem It is not unlikely that the Sept. 28 bombing of the New York - ocrats were being funded by Castro. ITT building was carried out by police or right-wingers in Yes, Castro! Overthrow of Allende The overthrow of the Allende gov an effort to discredit the protests against U. S. complicity Hunt didn't talk about the 1961 ernment affects all concerned with the with the coup and repression in Chile. More and more evi invasion of socialist Cuba, authorized democratic movement for socialism. by Democrat John Kennedy, and dence has come to light recently that instigating violence As a De Leonist I hope that the directed by Hunt. Nor did he mention has been a favorite tactic of government provocateurs out working class, the students, and all that after secretly visiting Cuba in to destroy the student, antiwar, Black, and Chicano move oppressed peoples everywhere will learn 1960 he came back and recom- ments. from this tragedy and prepare for the mended that Castro be assassinated. Even if the bombing really was a frustrated act of outrage eventual final mass struggle. Why a government Hunt wanted against the coup by the Weatherpeople-as is claimed-its The main lesson from the Allende overthrown and a popular leader effect was to hinder, not help, the building of an ·effective coup is that it is unreasonable to he wanted murde~ed would recipro collaborate with the oppressive forces. movement. Such terrorist actions only give the U. S. rulers cate by financing a party that shares who are the real perpetrators of violence around the world They cannot be trusted, because their Hunt's wishes was a question left interest is opposite to the interest of - a handle to smear all protests as "violent" and discourage unrais~d by "Senator Sam" and his people from participating. the oppressed. probing colleagues. I doubt it could The capitalists are the true advo Instead of such impot~nt gestures, our task is to build a be answered convincingly. In any cates of violence. Socialism is the hope campaign that mobilizes masses of people to denounce the event, Hunt has a 35-year stretch to of humanity. look forward to. He self-pityingly repression in Chile and bring the maximum pressure to bear Paul A. Pallazola pointed that out to the senators, say against the junta and its Washington-ITT backers. Gloucester, Mass. ing he would ultimately' die in jail. . Before he checks out, maybe he'll use some of his idle time to come up with a better story. Michael Smith New York, N.Y.

10 i La Raza· en AcciOnl Miguel Pendas

Myths about pensions For years now the major industrial El Grito de Dolores unions in Canada have carried on Sept. 16 celebrations in Los Angeles this year were Last election, I think it was. a campaign of creating the myth that large, involving tens of thousands of Chicanos and In recent years a new element has been introduced company-union pensions are a major mexicanos. This is the day that is commonly known into the traditional celebrations. More and more Chi cost item in union negotiations. as Mexican Independence Day. It commemorates not canos commemorating the struggle of the Mexican It is a fact, however, that the com the day Mexico won its independence from Spain, people to get the Spanish boot off their necks see pany-union pensions the UAW nego but rather the day the independence struggle was a connection with the Chicano struggle for self-de tiates are a no-cost item. Pension launched. termination here in the U.S. funds are both administered and Hernan Cortes was the first white man to land This was shown very dramatically in 1970, when financed from tax rebates. I have on Mexican soil. From the day his force arrived 100,000 people showed up to watch a parade of some stated this when running for office in 1517, the conquistadores savagely suppressed and 10,000. Many were there to protest the brutal police· in union election campaigns and have exploited the native Indians. A racial caste system suppression of the Chicano Moratorium demonstra never been challenged by either the developed with the pure-blooded Indians at the bot tion against the Vietnam war only 17 days before. company or the union. tom and various layers of mestizos (mixed blood) This year a militant spirit was evident at La Feria The pension funds are secretly and criollos (creoles) in the middle. On top was de la Raza, a fair sponsored by California State managed and controlled by the a tiny handful of arrogant, wealthy Spaniards. University at Los Angeles. The traditional aspects company- and we could assume of 16 de Septiembre- such as charras, mariachis, the provincial and federal govern It was a creole priest who is credited with having Mexican food, and even skydivers with red, green, ment- and ate completely financed made the Mexican Declaration of Independence, al and white parachutes (the colors of the Mexican by government largesse. Only em though it was a verbal, not a written one. On Sept. flag) -were there. ployees whose applications (after 16, 1810, Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, vicar However, there were also literature tables for Chi 10 years' service) have been ap of the town of Dolores, issued El Grito de Dolores cano magazines and radical political groups. La proved by the company's pension (the Cry of Dolores), calling on his parishioners Raza Unida Party had a booth and was registering committee have their pension plan to revolt. This is generally regarded as the call people in its drive to get on the 197 4 California funded. to-arms in the struggle for independence from Spain. ballot. I am in favor of a company-union Each year the words of Don Miguel are repeated In the stadium, thousands heard attorney Antonio pension agreement as a step in in in celebrations of that historic event. Rodriguez relate the case of Los Tres del Barrio, troducing comprehensive social secu In Los Angeles, the biggest event each year is three Chicano antidrug activists jailed by the gov rity legislation for all Canadians. the parade sponsored by the business-dominated Civ ernment. All the events were free, and I heard one The corporations "have a long record ic Patriotic Committee. Thirty-five thousand were estimate that as many as 20,000 people had attended of opposihg all progressive social there this year to watch charras (Mexican cowboys), La Feria throughout the weekend. legislation as an unwarranted cost. floats, bands, and drill teams. As usual, the parade Sunday evening, before the concert by singer Jose I expect any company would logical was led by a bunch of Anglo .politicians and ven Feliciano, the emcee, a Chicano disc jockey, led the ly apply for any tax dodge that didos (sellouts). crowd in shouts of "Chicano Power!" and "Viva la would benefit their employees, Agustin Alachea, official representative of that no Raza!" without any kudos. torious murderer of students, Mexican President Luis These are signs that Chicanos are becoming in Hugh Dowson Echeverria, led the parade, along with Los Angeles creasingly aware of their identity as a people with Toronto, Ontario Mayor Tom Bradley, Lieutenant Governor Ed Rei a common oppression and a common destiny. The necke and Senator Alan Cranston. We haven't seen spirit of independence is alive and well in Aztlan Senator Cranston in East Los Angeles in a while. (the Southwest).

Auto contract The news media is again rendering its usual services to the auto com National Picket Line panies and the UAW bureaucracy by exaggerating the gains made in UAW-Chrysler negotiations. If one Frank Lovell compares the 1973 agreement with that of 1970 one finds little difference. The annual improvement factor re • mains the same, although the union leadership has repeatedly pointed out Miners paper: new content its inadequacy. The Cost of Living All unions put out an official weekly paper or month of the miners to see that these promises are kept. Allowance formula continues to be ly magazine, and some have both. They are mailed Democracy is being restored through district elec less than adequate to cover rising to every member. They are supposed to inform work tions, now held in several union districts that have living costs. Most fringe benefits take ers about what is going on in the union, in the coun not had elections for more than a quarter century. effect the second and third years of try,_ and sometimes they carry articles about world A convention of elected delegates from all locals the contract. developments. If war is declared they will have a of the union is being held this December. It will The $700-monthly pension doesn't notice about that. be in Pittsburgh, where rank-and-file miners can at take effect until 1978-two years af Mostly such publications tell about some of the tend even if they are not delegates, not in Florida ter the end of this contract. The things the union officials are doing, though not every or Hawaii, where most union functionaries and their voluntary overtime clause establishes thing or even the important things. They report the hangers-on like to go at union expense. a 54-hour week, what many produc latest list of retirees, where strikes have been called, When the convention call was sent out this summer, tion workers have been putting in. what new contracts have been negotiated. They usu the Journal opened its pages for preconvention dis The health and safety language is ally carry a monthly financial report, and a listing cussion. It invited all members of the union to write just more rhetoric with no enforce of deaths. They are not easy to read, and not very letters about what actions ought to be taken at the ment provisions. informative for most members. convention and what should be done to strengthen There is not a word on produc- The United Mine Workers Journal, which is pub the union .. This is a departure from the usual union tion standards or on limiting "man lished twice each month and is now in its eighty procedure. It also makes the Journal exciting, a agement's prerogatives." The new fourth year, used to be one of the dullest of all union paper miners can read with interest. hire-in gets 45 cents under the rate publications. It must have been livelier in the be Mine union officials are now projecting a big cam for the job classification. It is no ginning, but it deteriorated badly over the years. paign to organize the nonunion mines, and a cam wonder Chrysler Vice-President O'Brien It was nothing more than the house organ for the paign to make all mines safe. Both projects are expresses his pleasure with the agree union bureaucracy. close to the needs and lives of miners, as some of ment. It assures high profits for the Then the miners kicked the corrupt Boyle gang the letters show. companies, little for the workers. out of union office. The front cover of the Decem A young Kentucky miner wrote recently that he John .Anderson ber 1972 Journal showed a picture of Arnold Miller wants miners' disability pensions changed. He works Dearborn, Mich. taking the oath of office as the new president. Since for the Peabody Coal Co., and if he gets hurt he then the official publication of the UMW has not must have 20 years in the mine to collect a pension. been the same. "I have 17 1/2 years to go," he writes. "If I were The format hasn't changed, but the content is new. to be disabled before I get in my 20 years, my fam It is no longer written for and about the union of ily and I have nothing. I don't believe a young ficialdom. It is written about miners and their prob miner should have equal rights as an older miner, lems, and it even has a new section- a letters to but I believe if a man has ten years and is totally the editor page- that is written by miners. This is disabled he should be entitled to have the [same] The letters column is an open forum a departure from the kind of material appearing benefits as the man with 20." for all viewpoints on subjects of gen in most union papers. A report in the latest issue of the Journal shows eral interest to our readers. Please One of the things Miller promised when he cam why young miners think a lot about safety and keep your letters brief. Where neces- · paigned against Boyle was democracy in the union. why they must prepare. their union for action sary they will be abridged. Please in against all the jnjustice and danger of coal mining. dicate if your name may be used or When elected he and the others on the Miners For Democracy slate announced that "the safety of. our "Wilbert Dougherty, a 21-year-old UMWA miner with if you prefer that your initials be used membership must and will come before the profits three weeks experience underground, was killed Au instead. of the coal operators." gust 29 by a roof fall at Consolidation Coal Co.'s . The Journal in 1973 has reflected the determination · Matthews Mine in Claiborne County, Tenn."

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

They put up with euough as it is plained, is wages and conditions. And tion to the verge of a housing sur to quietly let those responsible for the The president's $10-million jet got a he wants to speed them up just to plus." It cites an American Enterpdse dangerous item in on it. "Once it's $285,000 interior redecorating job in make the time go quicker, right? Institute report that only 8 percent all over we can make it public," a order to relocate the staff quarters. of American homes have substandard spokesman said. And, if need be, you According to Associated Press, "Pat Love some of thy neighbors- The plumbing and that the same percen can always inform the next of kin. Nixon had reportedly expressed dis American Baptist Churches of the Pa tage is overcrowded. The study was pleasure because the staff quarters cific Southwest vetoed an affiliation made in Grosse Pointe and Scarsdale? were situated between the presidential bid by the Metropolitan Community suite and the VIP lounge, requiring Church of Costa Mesa, Calif., a gay The New Action Army- An Army family members and guests to walk congregation. It would prove costly general told a Senate subcommittee through the staff quarters to visit the to accept the gay church, a spokes that 36 percent of the service's officers president.'' man explained, because "the Baptist and 70 percent of enlisted personnel group is voluntary and many con are either problem or heavy drinkers. Speedy thinker-In New York there servative members would quit in re was a shortage of garbage collectors vulsion." Worse than poison-A new FDA rule until they raised the pay. This was will permit the agency to forgo pub cited by Mitchell Fein, a speedup ex Slums, what slums?- With a straight lic announcement of the recall of dan pert who argues it's false to say people face, the Los Angeles Times reports gerous food or drugs where such j.MONAHAN want their jobs made more interesting. the "belier• that government and warning might frighten people to "Pardon me, which one All the workers care about, he com- builder efforts have "brought the na- death. It's better, the agency feels, just of you gentlemen is the butcher!"

Women In Revolt Cindy Jaquith Too short' means men only The Long Island Rail Road will stop at almost longer meet "standards" and will be transferred interests to support her fight. nothing to keep women from working on their to new jobs. Carol pointed out that many of the younger trains. That's what Carol Wagner, a 29-year-old Height has never been a requirement before, ac workers already support her. "The men a.re up in ·· teacher, found out when she tried to get a job cording to Carol. "It's ludicrous," she said. "You arms about conditions on the railroad," she said. there. In a phone interview, she described her never find a company that knowingly hires men Workers have encouraged her, saying, "Anything 14-month battle against the LIRR's discriminatory under 5 feet 7 and fuen 10 or 15 or 20 years you can do to the railroad, go to it!" Others have policies. later decides these men can no longer do the job." told her that "a woman deserves a chance to have Carol is currently awaiting a court decision in The LIRR wasn't even very subtle about it-they a job." her suit to force the LIRR to hire her as a train announced their new height rules the day after Most of her students, who are high-school age, man. Carol had a hearing on her case. "What they want back her too. She added that "the ladies at the "I always wanted to work on the railroad," she to do is get rid of the evidence," she said. bank are rooting for me." told The Militant. She also wants the job because In addition to hiding the evidence the LIRR is When asked what effect women's liberation had it would pay far better than the $156-a-week job obviously banking on the old trick of pitting the on her decision to take on the LIRR, Carol said, she holds now. more privileged workers against the less privileged. "Three or four years ago when I thought I wanted Last year she applied with the LIRR to be a Unfortunately, there are trainmen who have fallen to work for the railroad I applied for a clerk's trainman, and they rejected her on the grounds into the trap. job, thinking that's a nice woman's-type job and that she was "too short." Carol is five feet tall; Some of the men under 5 feet 7 are ?absolutely they won't turn me down." But they did, saying the railroad said they don't hire anyone under furious because I brought up the whole issue," she was "over-qualified." She went to work as a 5. feet 7. Carol said. They think her fight threatens their teacher instead. It was simply "an attempt to thwart women from job security. There is also what she called "a small Carol said the growing number of women fight becoming trainmen and engineers," she explained; minority" of trainmen who "never wanted women ing for equal rights helped her decide to apply for height was not the real issue. Proof of this is the in the first place" and are dead set against her the trainman position. "I wouldn't have been en fact that the LIRR has quite a few male employees getting the job. couraged to do it five or 10 years ago because who are shorter than 5 feet 7. Ca:r;ol has talked to some of these men, explain people would have thought of me as more of a The company thinks they've found a way to get ing that the LIRR is just trying to use them in an curiosity," she said. Now she feels challenges to around that embarrassment, however. They have effort to deny her equal rights. Hopefully these • sex discrimination by women like herself are "more announced that all workers under 5 feet 7 no . workers will eventually realize that it's in their or less an accepted thing."

By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith Sun and fun in Rhodesia If the job routine and Jack Frost get you down resolution forbade member states from having fur Hertz and Avis will reserve you a car with an this winter, don't despair. Hertz, Avis, Pan Amer ther relations with Rhodesia after the white minor affiliated concern in Salisbury. And you can pay ican, and TWA have perfect getaway plans. They ity there refused to grant majority rule to Africans. for all this, and for goods bought in Rhodesia, have one vacation spot where there's plenty of In the same year, presidential Executive Order with a Mastercharge, American Express, Carte sun, and it's warm (in some ways even hot), 11419 defined the limits for U.S. firms. Besides Blanche, or Diners Club card. and if you can afford it and are ideologically so proscribing imports and exports, this order pro According to the Carnegie report, the responsible inclined, just lay your American Express card hibits activities that "promote or are calculated government agencies do not monitor U.S. firms on the counter and you're off. To Rio, the Carib to promote" the sale of any commodity or prod for possible trade violations. The FAA, for exam bean, maybe Tahiti? No, to Salisbury- garden uct "to any person or body for the purposes of ple, says it "relies on complaints about possible capital of Rhodesia. any business carried on in or operated from sanctions violations." The U.S. business firms that sell you such Southern Rhodesia." pleasures are breaking the law. But don't worry Direct or indirect transfer of funds to Rhoaesia The UN resolution prohibits tourist solicitation about the government stepping in to put a stop is illegal. U. S.-owned or chartered aircraft are· of any sort. Yet some U.S. travel agencies package to. this profitable traffic. It won't, unless publicity forbidden to fly to Rhodesia or "in coordination tours to Africa that include Rhodesia. And Air forces it to. with any airline company constituted or aircraft Rhodesia and the Rhodesian National Tourist Federal law-Executive Order 11419-says it's registered in Southern Rhodesia." Board have offices in New York City. Tourism, a no-no for U.S. firms to conduct business with of course, is big business. white-ruled Rhodesia. The Treasury Department That's the law. But, TWA and Pan Am will sell So far, Washington hasn't said whether it in and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) you an air ticket to Salisbury. Pan Am, for ex tends to do anything about these illegal acts. The are now said to be checking into violations of ample, in 1972, transferred approximately _executive order provides penalties of up to 10 the law documented in a recent study by the Car $200,000- an increase of almost 200 percent from years in jail and fines of up to $10,000 for con-. negie Endowment for International Peace. 1971 -to Air Rhodesia for connecting flights to victed violators. But don't expect any immediate In 1968, a United Nations Security Council Salisbury. indictments.

12 utlook A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

OCTOBER 12, 1973

OccuP-_Y- Argentine P-lant Fiat workers in Cordoba fight union bureaucrats

[The following report of the occupa executiv_es and members of the board the Peronist movement attempt to link workers] must say where they stand. tion of a Fiat factory in C6rdoba, of, directors. the l!leeting to solidarity with Concord. SMA T A has already taken a stand, Argentina, near the end of August was The entire automobile workers First there is a march on the legisla for in this case there can be no doubt: published in the August 30-September movement in C6rdoba, the students, tive building, and from there it pro Either you are for the workers. or you 7 issue of Avanzada Socialista, the and the organizations of the revolu ceeds to Concord. It is led by the PST are for the bosses." weekly newspaper of the Argentine tionary left mobilized in support of and the JSA. Upon reaching Plaza Other speakers follow. Flores points Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores the Concord workers. What follows Velez Sarsfield, more than twenty mini out that L6pez does not deserve the (PST- Socialist Workers party). The is a chronicle of the occupation and buses are "taken" and, filled to capaci confidence that the C6rdoba workers translation is by Intercontinental of this moving expression of solidarity. ty, they leave for Ferreyra. Once movement has placed in him. Ruben Press.) again, faced with the assault of 1,500 Regnone of the Materfer Commission First Day of Occupation compafieros, the police pull back in expresses solidarity and says that the disorganized fashion and retreat. armed thugs of the UOM and the The confrontation between the Fiat Chants resound: "Let's get rid of the plainclothes police who are loose in workers in C6rdoba and the trade All the SMA T A factories are aban union bureaucracy" and "SMAT A, that plant have prevented any concrete union bureaucracy does not date from doned at 2:00 p.m. and 6:00p.m.; right on; hit Rucci hard." measures of support for Concord from yesterday. Ever since a class-struggle Grandes Motores Diesel [ GMD- Big Minutes earlier, Compafiero Paez being taken. leadership aros~ in SITRAC [Sindica Diesel Engines], which is a subsidiary had arrived at Concord after just to de Trabajadores Concord- Con of Fiat, does not even begin work All night long on the other side of being released; at the request of the cord Workers Union] and SITRAM because of the failure to meet the pay the gates a bonfire is burning. The rev workers, he speaks. When the demon [Sindicato de Trabajadores Materfer roll. There are work stoppages in the olutionary songs that are sung there stration arrives, he welcomes it on be Materfer Workers Union], the workers automobile outlets. In the afternoon, testify to the continuing sense of soli half of the compafieros of the Concord have ceased to put up with the prepon the sixty compafieros of the Delegate darity. derance of the bureaucrats. The mili Corps at IKA (Santa Isabel) quit tary dictatorship, the bosses, and work and come to Concord. Third Day of Occupation [Jose] Rucci [head of the CGT (Con At 7:00 p.m., two minibusloads of students arrive. A delegation of the federaci6n General del Trabajo At noon, more than 1,000 workers General Confederation of Labor)) PST and the JSA [Juventud Socialista from GMD, Perkins, and Thompson attacked this class-struggle lead de Avanzada-Vanguard Socialist Ramco again break through the po ership mercilessly. Their unions Youth] also arrives at Concord with lice barrier and reach Concord. The were banned at bayonet point. banners and placards. The Perkins plant sirens are blown to welcome San Sebastian, minister of labor workers on both shifts quit work; the them; various speeches are made. under Levingston and Lanusse, afternoon shift arrives at the Concord Then minibuses and trucks on Route decreed that the Materfer and Con gates with a big sign that says"Perkins 9 are "expropriated," and there is a cord workers had to join the Uni6n Is Here." They receive the biggest ap march to Kaiser Santa Isabel, where Obrera Metalurgica [ UOM-Metallur plause from the Concord workers. a rally of 8,000 workers from both gical Workers Union]. This is being shifts is held. Salamanca calls for sol- continued under the Peronist govern Second Day of Occupation • idarity with Concord, and says: "L6- ment and labor minister Otero. pez told me yesterday that he doubted But the workers want to be afflliated Early in the morning the police put that 10,000 auto workers would sup~ with SMATA [Sindicato de Mecanicos up a barrier of armored cars and pa port the compafieros. We must show y · Afines del Transporte Automotor trol cars and prevent anyone from him that this support does exist." del Autom6vil- Union of Automotive getting near the plant. Relatives who His words are greeted with thunder Machinists and Allied Trades]- a bring food cannot get through. At ous applause. A caravan of 5,000 union that, unlike the UOM, has a 10:00 our vice-presidential candidate, workers marches toward the gov class-struggle, combative leadership Compafiero Paez, arrives and is ar ernor's office. From there 3,000 go on in C6rdoba. Up to now, the resistance rested by the police. Compafiero Gre to Ferreyra. As the caravan goes past of the Materfer and Concord workers gorio Flores vigorously denounces the bullpen, the police attack with gas has prevented the UOM bureaucrats this act of repression over a mega and bullets: The demonstration dis and goons from consolidating an or phone. perses, and only small groups reach ganization in those plants. At noon, 300 workers from Perkins Concord. march on Concord. Pressure begins During the night, the police reinforce to be exerted on the police, with some their barriers. The occupation of the Fiat Concord hand-to-hand struggling taking place. JOSE PAEZ: PST candidate for vice-pres plant on August 21 represented a big One officer says, "One has to know how ident was arrested during occupation of Fourth Day of Occupation step forward in this process. The to lose," and shoots his tear gas pis Fiat plant in Cordoba. sparks that set off the explosion of tol from an armored car. It is a sig The Concord workers are in high worker indignation were the nonpay nal for a retreat. The barrier has spirits and in a- mood for struggle. ment of wages at the middle of the been penetrated. Everyone rushes to More than 1,000 workers gather in a month, and the statement from the ward the factory fence and gates. Commission. The first thing he does is general assembly in the morning. Sa UOM indicating that 1,800 workers The SMA T A Delegate Corps again pay homage to those who died at lamanca and the Commission report had voted in the elections it organized, decides to stage a two-hour work stop Trelew. on the negotiations: The company whereas in reality not even 300 had page per shift that is to be observed Next a compafiero from the Com agrees that it will pay what it owes and done so. in all the plants. Within the student mission speaks. He expresses thanks not take reprisals; the provincial gov Thus a general assembly was called movement, the Juventud Socialista de for the solidarity, joins in paying re ernment agrees to arrange a meeting in which it was decided to take over Avanzada stands out as an agitator spects for Trelew, and denounces [Gov with the minister of labor to discuss the plant, making three demands: im for solidarity actions with Concord. ernor) Atilio L6pez, who is proposing the question of union affiliation. mediate payment of salaries; recog It is August 22. The CGT has called negotiations on the basis of firing In a completely disciplined fashion, nition of the provisional committee a meeting in honor of the Trelew mar twenty militants named by the bosses a vote is taken to end the occupation. and the afflliation with SMA T A; and tyrs. Our party a'nd youth group, So and ending the occupation. Then, Sa And thus closes another episode in the guarantees that there would be no re cialist Groups,· the Revolutionary So lamanca, general secretary of SMA T A, heroic struggle of the C6rdoba prisals by the bosses. Eighty hostages cialists, Acci6n Proletaria [Proletarian says: "Atilio L6pez and Tosco [head workers movement, which can take were held inside the plant, among them Action], and rank-and-me sectors of of the union of gas and electric power pride in having fought a battle well. World ·outlook W0/2

~Qt. 1 statement warned of confrontation What Chilean Trotskyists said before the couP [The following statement by the Cen crisis of bourgeois leadership. The and in the cordones industriales [as of its activities; it does so with complete tral Committee of the Partido Social bourgeoisie finds itself driven on by semblies of rank-and-file workers in clarity and determination. The possi isla Revolucionario (PSit- ~volu the absolute necessity of combating a local industrial concentration]. The bility of being a decisive nucleus in the tionary Socialist party), Chilean sec and crushing the workers movement, determination to advance the social formation of the party of the socialist tion of the Fourth International, was and by the inadequacies of its tra ist revolution raises the level of con revolution, and of working for the vic adopted September 1, days before the ditional political stJ:uctures. This con sciousness among the workers, who tory of that revolution,. is inconceiv military coup that overthrew the gov tradiction hastens its realignment and are preparing to stop the bourgeois able without involvement in preparing ernment of Salvador Allende. The increases political, economic, and so offensive arms in hand. translation is by Intercontinental cial instability, thereby creating the 8. The radicalization that is under Press.] basis for a preponderant role for the way....., the increasing maturity of po armed forces, which are looming as litical consciousness, which is a direct the only solution to this crisis of lead product of action by the masses- is 1. The national political situation is ership. opening up a chasm between the strug . taking a crucial turn toward a defini 5. Caught up in this offensive, the gling masses and their reformist lead tive solution of the question of power. government, from one concession to erships; this chasm is widening day The need to bring an end to the period another, has changed its character; it by day. Broad vanguard layers with of instability is resulting in important is losing its possibilities for progres links to the workers as a whole are changes in the political arena that sive action and, by turning to the quickly coming to understand both are altering the relationship of forces right, is becoming objectively sepa the need to destroy imperialism and between antagonistic classes, as well rated from the masses that supported the national bourgeoisie, and the ur as bringing about modifications within it. Its features of Bonapartism sui gency of building a genuine revolu those classes. This will lead to a con generis are evolving, giving it the char tionary leadership. The reformist frontation within a very short period acteristics of a bureaucratic-military leaderships are attempting to obs~ct of time. government. This accentuates its this positive evolution by temporarily 2. The UP [Unidad Popular-Pop separation from the workers and peas staving off the unleashing of a forth ular Unity] government, as it was ants as a whole. right antibourgeois offensive, which, constituted in September-November 6. The workers and peasants move by its very dynamics, would also put 1970, has exhausted its possibilities. ment is going through a stage of ex an end to the illusions that the present At the present time it conforms to the traordinary development that is giving government is still able to muster. needs of neither. the proletariat nor the an indication of the real power it has 9. There is a visible lessening of the bourgeoisie. In spite of its obvious at its disposal. Important sectors of possibilities of politically controlling rightward evolution, and in spite of national industry- the most decisive the masses by means of the reformist the concessions it has granted, it does sectors- are under its controL It is leaderships. The ranks of the workers not satisfy the demands of imperialism proceeding by various means to ex- parties are being greatly affected; as an integral and decisive part of the workers movement, they already can not reconclle their approach with that of their own leaders, and they are The Allende government did its best to fureatening to open up a struggle with contain and hold back the militancy of in their own parties. Healthy revolu its supporters. tionary currents are searching for an organization, pointing the way to po litical shifts that will create the pre and carrying out armed struggle. For requisites for the formation of the rev us it is not a matter of substituting our olutionary party. selves for the class but of participating 10. It is the interaction of all these without reservation in . order, united phenomena that is inevitably leading with the. broad masses, to lead the to a confrontation between the classes inevitable armed confrontation in wifuin an ever diminishing period of which the most active sectors are al time. It is a life-and-death necessity ready involved, having responded to for imperialism and the national bour the initiative of the working class: geoisie first to contain, and then to 13. Let us reaffrrm the tasks laid crush, this workers movement that is down. in the August 10 resolution of in practice expropriating them. The the Political Bureau: bourgeoisie understands clearly that a) Crush the bourgeois counterrevo even a capitulation by the government lution, and particularly its most active Right-wing demonstrators in Santiago that did not 'yet reflect agreement on focus- the truck owners' strike. Sup an offensive against the workers move port the initiative taken by the cor ment would not be enough. It is this dones industriales and the comandos and the national bourgeoisie; the bour propriate private property; in manu determination that will decide how comunales [municipal commands] to geoisie takes advantage of these very facturing plants and agricultural firms, much time the bourgeoisie grants to requisition the vehicles of the strikers. concessions to push for the govern it is combining forms of workers con the present government before throw b) . Reject any deal and all dialogue ment's complete capitulation- as a trol over production with direct ad ing all its forces into overfurowing it. with the enemies of the workers. · first alternative-while at the same ministration, and it remains firmly 11. It is these social and political c) In order to crush the bourgeoisie time organizing to forcibly overthrow determined not to return them to the factors that make the solution to the and go beyond the reformists the pow it. former owners. question of power, of spreading the er of the workers and the people must 3. Toward this end, the exploiters, revolutionary process, and of fue tri be strengthened in its genuine, rank are using all means, legal and illegal. 7. This situation shows how vigor umph of that process possible only and-file form: the cord ones industriales They have divided up their tasks ous the offensive of the workers is in the arena of armed struggle. Now and the comandos comunales. No re among the various sectors: To out an offensive that is putting its stamp the broad masses of industrial workers turn of factories to their former own right terr.orism is added partisan po on the entire period. While a general and peasants are preparing for strug ers. Continue the expropriation of the litical pressure through mass mobili political mobilization has not yet gle with this fundamental understand national bourgeoisie. zations, strikes by union sectors they taken place, it is clear that prepara ing. The class struggle is spreading d) Build revolutionary unity as a control, and attempts to split the work tions for it are being made on the ba within the armed forces; there too a tool for moving forward in the revolu ers movement itself with the aim of sis of the substantial levels that have breach has been opened between the tionary process. Concretize this unity strengthening their social base. At the been attained. What we are experienc ranks and the leadership. The troops, on all levels with the MIR [Movimien same time, they are stepping up their ing is a stage during which forces are sensitive to their class origins, are to de Izquierda Revolucionaria work inside the armed forces in order being accumulated within the work~ng joining in the general mood of the Movement of the Revolutiona~y Left], to push them into carrying out a coup class movement, one of the main char workers, and are unleashing contra MAPU (G) [Movimiento de Acci6n d'etat. acteristics of which is the military dictions within the repressive bodies Popular Unitaria (Garret6n)-Move 4. The bourgeois class is on the po preparations that are spontaneously of the bourgeois state. ment for United Popular Action litical offensive at the moment, and is occurring among the rank and file, 12. The Partido Socialista Revolu (Garret6n)], and advanced sectors of exerting its aggressiveness even out at the very heart of the class, in the cionario places its participation in this the PS [Partido Socialista- Socialist side its own parties. This reflects a factories, in the peasant committees, process of armed struggle at the center party]. W0/3 World news notes Cashing in on martial law Some people in the Philippines might miss elections and freedom ••• the Littlejohn case of the press after a year under martial law, says Da:: '11~1 Southerland in the Sept. 21 Christian Science Monitor. On the oth .... ~ hand, "most Continued lrom page W04 this time, when the mass movement of the bu.sines~:~men here could not be happier. They say that martial had fallen to a low ebb in Northern The "one last raid" was the robbery law has given the Philippines a chance for an unprecedented eco of Allied Irish Banks in Dublin on Ireland and the spotlight of public nomic boom." October 13, 1972, which netted £67,- opinion was no longer on the actions Furthermore, "foreign businessmen investing here seem to agree. 000 [about $170,000]. It was a no of the British forces, that a wave of Applications from foreign investors . . . have doubled over the tably sloppy job -carried off with an unexplained murders began in the past year." insouciance that suggested an unusual North that has terrorized the popu It's true that "the traditional ills of poverty, unemployment, and feeling of security. Kenneth was ar lation and accentuated the decline of the unequal dist-ribution of wealth still nag the Philippines," but rested in England just as he was get opposition political activity. Southerland isn't fazed. After all, "a number of business indicators ting ready to buy a restaurant. He Public opinion in Ireland has be are on the upswing." was extradited to Ireland for trial, gun to suspect that British intelligence where he. and his brother together got has been carrying out a reign of ter thirty-five years. ror against Irish people both North U.S. plans new bases in Pacific Why did the British authorities agree and South. In particular, speculations In recent years the U.S. government has had to deal with in to extradite the Littlejohns? The case have centered around the Decemper 2 creasing opposition to its rule in Micronesia, the so-called Trust was obviously a sensitive one, since killer bombing. Territory of the Pacific Islands. Micronesia came under U.S. con they tried unsuccessfully to have the· "The police discovered that the cars . trol following World War II. The latest U.S. maneuver in dealing hearings held in secret. Many observ used for the bomb attack had been with the demands of the Micronesians for independence has been ers had an explanation. The Little hired in Belfast by a man with an to separate the negotiations on the future of the Marianas Islands johns were not the only agents op English accent and driving licence," from talks dealing with the islands as a whole. The Marianas com erating in Ireland. the August 12 Sunday Times report prise the northern one-third of Micronesia. Nineteen days after the mysterious ed. "Last week, an Irish Minister said: The U.S. plans to turn the Marianas into a "commonwealth," explosions in Dublin that occurred just 'You would have difficulty in finding like Puerto Rico, making them a U.S. possession. A Reuters dis as Lynch's new repressive legislation anybody here who does not believe patch last July explained that "the primary interest of the United was coming up for a vote, Irish po that those bombs were the work of States in the talks was the acquisition of additional land for mil lice arrested two spies. British offi British agents.' The Minister said Irish itary installations." cials have admitted that ope, John police investigation is now concen The Marianas are within striking distance· of Japan, the Phil Wyman, was an agent working for trated on that theory." ippines, and China. Admiral John McCain Jr. had earlier warned the Ministry of Defence. The other Furthermore, it has become appar that "if the Trust Territories are not kept under the immediate con man, Patrick Crinnion of the political ent that the Irish government was a trol of the United States, the next fall-back position is Honolulu, branch of the Irish police, was appar willing accomplice of British intelli and that's a long way back." ently his accomplice. The two were gence activities in Ireland. The Sep The island of Guam, used as a base for B-52 raids on Indo released not long before the Littlejohns tember issue of the United Irishman, china, is geographically part of the Marianas, but it was seized were returned to Ireland. the monthly organ of the Official re by the U.S. in 1898. Now the U.S. wants to use two-thirds of "The serious spying charges were publican movement, published the the island of Tinian and an airfield on Saipan for military bases. dismissed," the Sunday Times noted photograph of a circular sent to po Tinian was the base from which the atomic bombings of Hiroshima August 12, ''because Mr Condon [the lice officers on August 18, 1971, a and Nagasaki were launched, attorney generall refused to tell the week after the introduction of intern A referendum will be held before the islands become formal U.S. court what was irl' the rues. Both men ment in the North, ordering coopera possessions. But the worth of such referendums has been shown were convicted on minor charges and tion with British agents seeking in by a recent incident in American Samoa. The .governer there was given three month's jail, but then were formation on members of "the IRA charged with having manipulated a referendum to ensure that the immediately released because they had and other subversive groups." Samoans would not choose independence. He was also charged served three months on remand, and Already the pub-lic reaction to the with intimidating a government employee who was being interviewed they flew together to London on Feb Littlejohn revelations threatens to dis by the press. ruary 13. Inevitably there has been rupt the open collaboration between Criminal charges rrere ordered dismissed by Samoa's attorney considerable speculation in Dublin Dublin and London established dur general, who also hap-pens to be the governor's defense lawyer. and London that Wyman and Crin ing the downturn in the movement. The assistant attorney general who brought the charges was fired. nion were exchanged for the Little A dispatch from Dublin in the Au johns." gust 15 London Times warned that "if there are any more unexplained In any case, it seemed clear from Guinea-Bissau declares independence deaths," the Cosgrave government On Sept. 24 a people's assembly convened by the African Party all the press reports that prior to his would find it hard to maintain the arrest Kemieth Littlejohn had acted for the Independence of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands declared policy of cooperation. "It is vitally the independence of the Portuguese colony. Portugal maintains about like a man who had nothing to worry important that this lesson should be about, and once he was handed over 27,000 troops in the 14,000 square-mile territory, but three-quarters learned in Whitehall and Belfast." On of it is controlled by the liberation forces. to the Irish authorities he turned very the other side, it is important that sour on his ex-employers. Although Portuguese officials were quick to dismiss the declaration supporters of the Irish struggle take of independence as a "propaganda stunt," by Sept. 28 at least 13 Littlejohn's revelations about Brit advantage of this opportunity to fo countries had recognized the rebel government. ish intelligence adopting a policy of cus political opinion against both reg assassinations in the summer of 1972 ular and "special" repression of Irish are especially interesting. It was about militants. Wildcat strikes shake up West Germany The biggest rourtd of wildcat strikes to hit West Germany since 1969 has focused attention there on inflation and the rights of im migrant workers. The strikes began in mid-August, and by mid Intercontinental Press September they had involved some 150,000 workers. Almost all were from the metal workers union, the biggest in the country and Afrique Asz~ Paris; Aboral, Santo Domingo; Andishe va Bonar, Teheran; Avan normally the pacesetter in wage negotiations. zada Socialista, Buenos Aires; Bandera Roja, Mexico City; Bandiera Rossa, Rome; The strikes were spearheaded by foreign workers, especially Turk Bohemia, Havana; La Breche, Lausanne; Bmsche, Zurich; Direct Action, Sydney; ish ones. About 2.4 million of West Germany's 22 million workers Ettalaat, Teheran; La Gauche, Brussels; Hsinhua, Hong Kong; Inprtkorr; Stuttgart; are foreigners, and of these 500,000 are Turks. As in France and Izvestia, Moscow; Klasstkampen, Aarhus, Denmark; Klassenkampf, Luxembourg; Switzerland, immigrant workers from Turkey, Yugoslavia, Italy, Labor Challenge, Toronto; La Ra4 Calcutta; Liberation, Montreal; Man:ha, Monte Greece, Spain, and North Africa get the worst jobs and the lowest video; The Militant, New York; Le Monde, Paris; Mullvaden, Stockholm; La Na pay. don, Buenos Aires; The New Yom Times; La Opinion, Buenos Aires; Piking Re Last winter the metal workers union, whose leadership is closely view; Pravda, Moscow; Quatrieme Intemationale, Paris; Red Wetkly, London, Revista tied to the governing Socialist Party of Germany, agreed to a wage de America, Buenos Aires; Rood, Ghent; Rouge, Paris; Revolucion Peruana, Lima; increase of 8. 5 percent- not enough to keep up with inflation and Stkai Kukumei, Tokyo; Socialist Action, Wellington; Voz Soclalista, Caracas; Vrij taxes. The first wildcat strike broke out at a small plant near Dussel Nederland, Amsterdam; Was Tun, Frankfurt. dorf and involved mainly Turkish women workers. Soon after, There is only one way to get the news of the world each week without having the Ford. Motor plant in Cologne was forced to stop production a subscription to Intercontinental Press- read each of the above newspapers when workers, walked out over the firing of 300 Turks who re and more. turned from their vacations late. But even if you had the money and the language skill, you would still miss Of the 20,000 workers on the plant's assembly line, only 6,000 the special quality that makes Intercontinental Press stand out from other weeklies are Germans. An emergency strike committee set up there included -analyses of the important events by our staff of experienced political writers. eight Turks, an Italian, and two Germans. You would also miss the documents and interviews that appear in Intercontinental Ford charged that the "chaos" at its plant was caused by rad Press. Mostbf these are not attainable elsewhere. icals, and the West German Employers' League called for "a. de If you want accurate information, understandable analyses, you need a sub cisive fight against advocates and instigators of wildcat strikes" scription to Intercontinental Press. Send $7.50 for six months to Intercontinental to guarantee "the inviolability of the current-system of justice." Press, P.O. Box 116, Village Stn., New York, NY 10014. But as_ one German worker told reporters, "We are all in the same situation. Prices are rising much faster than our pay." World Outlook W0/4

al and Official, who he was to as sassinate. It was in many ways a paradoxical demand for the British to make. Kenneth has always claimed that the information he gave to John The case of Kenneth Littleiohn son Smith at the original meeting at Lady Onslow's house concerned the assassination attempt by the Official IRA in Belfast on the life of Stormont Home Affairs Minister John Taylor How British intelligence organizes in 1971." But the patriotic bank robber's main task was to take part in a campaign of provocations designed to isolate assassinations & bombings in Ireland the IRA: "Littlejohn says that his brief from By Gerry Foley alent,' as Kenneth put it, 'of a Cuba in the August 8 Guardian. "A South Douglas Smythe and another MoD on Britain's doorstep.' London schoolteacher, Mrs. Barbara [Ministry of Defense] man, 'Oliver,' "One of my main functions was to The August 12 London Sunday Hughes, who got to know the younger was to join the IRA Officials, <'Ollect assassinate a man called Shamus [sic] Times reported that Kenneth Little brother then, when she was a youth information and act as an agent pro Costello, who was the effective Num john first came in contact with the worker in Bromley, said she had visit vocateur in the South, with the long ber 1 of the Officials [the Official Irish Official IRA while he was on the lam ed Lady Onslow's Kensington home term aim of stirring up public opin republican movement], and who had from a payroll robbery charge in En with Keith Littlejohn on one occa ion in the Republic against .the Of been trained in I was also Moscow~ gland. A professional thief, he tried sion.... ficials, although this is denied in the to assassinate another high up mem for a time to get into another racket: "Mrs. Hughes . . . said that Keith Government statement," the August 12 ber in the Officials, Sean Patrick Gar "He decided to set himself up in what Littlejohn was very much the young Sunday Times reported. "The object land, who I believe was trained in he called the 'rag trade,'" the Lon Borstal [reform school] boy making was to force the Premier Jack Lynch Cuba.... don Sunday Times continued, "and good during the first half of 1969. to bring in anti-IRA legislation - "I was also told to assassinate Mac hit upon the idea of exporting leather He had a steady job and was pro which, as it turned out, is exactly Stiofain (then Chief of Staff of the hotpants from County Kerry to En filed in the Observer colour supple what happened." Provisional IRA) in the summer of gland. He formed a company called ment." 1972, just after operation Motorman. Whizz Kid Fashions (Ireland) Lim Perhaps the charitable Lady Pamela This is the description the elder Keith and I waited in a car outside ited with Robert Stockman, who was thought that a secret mission in Her Littlejohn gave of his career in Her MacStiofain's house, which is at 32 to emerge, two years later, as the Majesty's service was just the chance Majesty's service, as related by the Blackcastle, N av an, Co. Westmeath 'third man.'" for an adventurous, restless youth. Sunday Times: but we never saw him. The instruc- Kenneth Littlejohn's business ven- The authorities, in any case, do not "In fulfilling his agent provocateur seem to require any character refer role, Kenneth Littlejohn claims he ences for the kind of job Littlejohn took. part in two petrol bomb attacks applied for. on police stations in the Republic, at The elder Littlejohn, however, in Louth and Castlebellingham in Sep sisted on meeting with a high offi tember 1972. There were also a num cial before agreeing to work for Brit ber of bank robberies in the South, ish intelligence. Lady Pamela ar and one in Newry, Ulster, although ranged it. At her house he met Geof there is no evidence that Littlejohn fry Johnson Smith, an undersecretary was involved. He only admits to hav of state in the Ministry of Defence. ing knowledge of them. But the Of This was admitted in a Whitehall state ficials suspected him of carrying out ment August 6. raids- not for the movement, but as This special treatment raises the a freelance. In September, they said question of what kind of a deal was they wanted nothing more to do with made. Kenneth Littlejohn claims that him, so he joined up with other ex it included immunity from prosecution pelled Officials and together they for any criminal offenses committed planned the one last raid- the big in the Twenty-Six Counties and the gest in Irish history. wiping ..out of the charges already "Smythe did not know of Littlejohn's pending against him in the U.K. expulsion from Official circles. Little Whitehall denied this. However, the john says that the raid was simply August 10 Time Out noted: "No ex a continuation of his agent provoca planation to counter Kenneth '.s ver teur role, but from all the evidence, Provocateurs hired by the British were responsible for bombings in the Republic sion of the 'deal' is offered to show it seems probable that he wanted mon of Ireland. why ( 1) he should have an ex-di ey to start a restaurant- and a new rectory Ministry number; (2) the Scot life- in England. He was no longer land Yard extension of Inspector 'wanted' for the Smethwick [payroll] tions we were given were that Mac ture ended on a sour note when a Cameron Sinclair of the Special raid; he claims he had been promised Stiofain's body was to be blown up Kerry leather merchant demanded Branch should be in his possession." immunity in England for any crim so that it was completely unrecog payment for a couple of thousand As for Kenneth's part of the deal, inal activity in Eire, and he thought nisable. We should also take his car "hot pants," and the English entrepre Time Out explained: "Kenneth alleged he deserved the gratitude of the Brit .to Dublin Airport, and thereafter mon neur's check bounced . that Douglas [his superior], in Lon ish Government for a hard year's spy As a failed businessman, there was ey would be sent from Canada to his don before and after Operation Mo ing. His only reward, he says, had nothing left for Littlejohn to do but family so that it would appear that torman, provided him with a death been three payments of £25." ask the British government to nation he had absconded with IRA funds. list of prominent IRA men, Provision- Continued on page W03 They [the British secret service] would alize his operation. He hoped that the also spread rumours to this effect, contacts he had developed in Ireland which they had previously attempted would make the proposition interest to do so." ing to the exchequer. This was the statement given to the What the enterprising Englishman magazine Time Out (August 10-16) hoped to sell, he said, was his knowl by Kenneth Littlejohn, a convicted edge of the plan to assassinate the bank robber and acknowledged agent Belfast home minister, John Taylor, of British intelligence. and the identity of the Official IRA Kenneth Littlejohn and his brother leader who allegedly commanded this Keith claimed to have infiltrated an mission. This information could be Official IRA "Special Forces Group," expected to interest the British author according to the British magazine: ities, and Littlejohn already had an "The Officials have long been re intermediary in mind. His younger garded by Intelligence as a potential brother Keith, in prison in England, threat to the British Isles. In conver had attracted the attention of a so sations we had with both brothers ciety matron interested in wayward [we found out that] the Officials' com youth. She was a friend of the British mitment to lasting social revolution secretary of state for defence, Lord and the creation of the 32 County Carrington. Workers Republic in Ireland had cre "Keith Littlejohn was a friend and ated the fear amongst British intel frequent visitor of Pamela Lady On ligence that the Officials would ulti slow as early as 1969," James Mac- . Northern Ireland has been beset by a wave of unexplained murders. Many suspect mately be responsible for the 'equiv- Manus and Jackie Leishman reported that British intelligence is responsible. • 190,000 back class-struggle cam~gn Argentine voting shows gains for PST of the most combative sectors of the pleased with the results- a doubling When Gelbard, the minister of eco- Most support workers' movement, the PST almost of our vote. nomics, granted me the customary in doubled its vote from the last election. Our campaign lasted less than three terview given to presidential candi In the most proletarian neighborhoods weeks. We devoted the last week al- dates, I called upon him to make from workers· in that city, such as San Vicente, Alta most entirely to mobilizations in de available to all unions and workers mira, Empalme, and Urquiza, it got fense of Chile against the military exact figures on the transfer of wealth neighborhoodS 2 to 3 percent. coup. out of Argentina by the big corpora Per6n was backed by the trade tions. By MIRTA VIDAL union bureaucracy and by the deci Q: Do you think that the coup had He replied that such information BUENOS AIRES-While throngs of sive sectors of the capitalist ruling much impact on the thinking of Ar could only be released by decision Peronist youth poured into the streets class. His victory showed that the il gentine workers? of the cabinet. In other words, the here on election day, Sept. 23, to cele lusions of the Argentine masses that cabinet protects the foreign corpora brate Per6n's landslide victory, cele Per6n will bring about social prog A: Yes, a big impact, certainly among tions who exploit our country- even brations of a different sort were taking ress are still very deep. the vanguard of the workers. In part, to the point of making economic data place at the local headquarters of the Nevertheless, the election results con our growth reflects the fact that the a "state secret." Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores firm that support for the PST and its advanced workers are beginning to (PST- Socialist Workers Party). revolutionary-socialist program is draw the lessons from the tragic ex Q: What success did you have At the Dean Funes party branch, growing among the most advanced perience in Chile. Our campaign drew in reaching wider audiences? PST youth and members of th~ Juven workers. In many key areas, the attention to these lessons: the trap of tud Socialista de Avanzada (JSA strength of the PST in relation to the popular frontism, the absolute necessi Socialist Youth Vanguard) waved red A: We reached many tens ofthousands Peronists has more than doubled. ty of building a mass revolutionary flags and chanted socialist slogans to on radio and TV. We had two one- workers' party and of arming the hour long TV programs in Buenos hail the vote for the PST. In other masses. branches, too, a mood of festivity and Aires; also I went on nationwide ra There is a big discussion going on combativeness for the struggles to dio and TV-every single network-: Interview in Argentina- if Allende failed, how for eight minutes two days before the come was clearly evident. can Per6n possibly get anywhere? The Nearly 190,000 votes, or 1.6 per election. PST will make important gains in cent of the total, were cast for the PST Our rallies and meetings in most of with Juan this discussion. 22 slate of Juan Carlos Coral and Jose Continued on page Paez. By comparison, in the elections Q: What were the other big issues, last March, the PST received just under carlos coral aside from Chile, that your campaign 80,000 votes, or 0.6 percent. The following interview with Juan Car took up? Of the three capitalist slates in the los Coral, presidential candidate of the presidential race, the ticket of Per6n Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores and his wife received almost 62 per A: We did not gear our campaign (PST- Socialist Workers Party), was only to general socialist propaganda. cent of the votes. obtained by Phil Courneyeur. Courne Rather we stressed putting forward Balbin and de Ia Rua of the Radical yeur is in Argentina as correspondent concrete demands and solutions to ac Civic Union received 24 percent, a for Labor Challenge, the Canadian tual workers' struggles. slight increase from the March elec revolutionary socialist biweekly. We spelled out concretely what it tions. The right-wing slate of Manri means to break from imperialism. We que and Raymonda of the ·Popular Q: How do you evaluate the election called for expropriating and placing Federalist Alliance received 12.1 per results for the PST? under workers' control such huge cor cent, less than in previous elections. porations as ITT, Fiat, and Siemens, Some ultraleft tendencies and certain A: It was the most advanced workers, and especially those companies work extreme right-wing elements advocated the militants, who voted for us. The ers have struck or occupied. casting a blank ballot, but these elec increase in our support comes from We've had some success in popular tions saw the lowest percentage of the growing consciousness among the izing these demands, above all because blank ballots in any election in the political workers of the need for a we raise them as participants in the history of Argentina. workers' party. factory struggles. When workers have A breakdown of the PST vote re We used the election campaign as occupied their factory it is very logi veals that the gr~atest support came a tool to aid the many workers' strug cal to pose the concept of workers' from areas with the heaviest concentra gles taking place. Not only did Jose control of production. tion of industrial workers. In a num Paez (PST vice-presidential candidate) After the last election, in March, the ber of working-class neighborhoods, and myself speak at factories, but we bosses and the union ·bureaucrats the PST' s percentage of the vote rose turned over much of our free radio signed what they call the "Social Pact." to 2.5 or 3 percent. and TV time to workers to discuss We denounced this agreement, which In the Province of Buenos Aires, their struggles before mass audiences. involved a two-year wage freeze, as where 80 percent of Argentines live Because our main aim was to use a sell-out of the rights and needs of and work, the PST received almost . the campaign to extend and consoli the workers. 2 percent. In the capital, the percentage date the influence of our class-struggle In the plants, when the bosses say rose to 2.5. program and our party among the that they can't afford a pay increase, ection campaign In the city of C6rdoba, stronghold advanced workers, we are very we say, "Open your books." to aid the workers' struggles.' Revolutionists oppose Rucci assassination The following statement on the assas wing of the Peronist movement and As we go to press, we have just heard mobilizing and making their opinions . sination of Jose Rucci was published especially the revolutionary socialist the first news of the deaths of Jose felt in a democratic way, who will in the Sept. 26 issue of Ava112ada So opposition to his government. Ignacio Rucci and his driver as well clean out this clique by their own class ·Cialista, weekly newspaper of the Par as the mortal wounding of one of methods and replace it with a new tido Socialista de los Trabajadores his companions. We do not know who leadership. (Socialist Workers Party) of Argen is responsible for this action. Therefore we condemn this action, tina. The translation is by Intercon Whoever did this, we must state once · since it was not carried out by the tinental Press. again, in the case of this killing of workers, even though it may be Rucci, head of the Confederacion one of the most resented bureaucrats claimed that it was done in their name General del Trabajo (General Con and one whom we have most and because of their feelings and their federation of Labor) was killed by criticized, that the method used against needs. terrorists on Sept. 25. He was a promi Rucci was not a working-class method At the same time, we call attention nent leader of the right wing of the and therefore is alien to us. to the danger that this action may be Peronist movement and maintained We have continually opposed Rucci, used by the union bureaucracy to step control of the CGT by gangster and there are attacks on him in this up its constant campaign of persecut methods. very issue which was printed before ing militant activists and class-struggle Police attributed the killing to the his death, but we have done so from tendencies. August 22 Faction of the ERP (Ejerci the standpoint of defending workers to Revolucionario del Pueblo- Revo democracy and the interests of the As regards the problem that the lutionary Army of the People). But working class. We want the workers CGT has now of choosing a new lead other sources report that a communi to have genuinely representative lead er, we say that the only ones who have que from the guerrillq, group denied ers that they can respect and who are the right to choose a replacement are responsibility. The ERP was out democratically elected. Therefore, we the rank and file, who have never been lawed by the Peronist government have fought the clique that today con consulted. We call for holding factory Sept. 24. trols most of the unions as well as the assemblies and scheduling a National There are signs that the killing will p.ational federation and of which Rucci Congress of Rank-and-File Delegates serve as a pretext for Peron to step RUCCI: His assassination by terrorists was a part. of the CGT to select a new general up repression abainst both the left will serve as pretext for repression. But it is the workers themselves, by secretary.

THE MIUTANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 13 QpP-QSed bY. union heads · Trotskyist

£~!: CgEateway60~!~ikers wi~, '!~~~rr.~~k~~ leader CHICAGO- A spontaneous one-day Union officials had agreed to a two- voted to walk off their jobs. walkout by 1,300 workers at Gate- year contract with a 35 cents an hour Reverend Ed Riddick of Operation • •led • way. Industries here recently wa~ simi- increase. and none of the other pro- PUSH, a major Black community or- jal In lar m some ways to rank-and-file ac- visions demanded by the workers. ganization in Chicago, addressed a tions that shut down several Chrysler Union heads refused to reopen ne- strike rally and pledged PUSH's sup- F plants in Detroit this summer. gotiations with the employers and port. ranee The workers involved were over- threatened dismissal of workers who Faced with the walkout, union of- whelmingly Black, the sector of the would not vote on the contract as it ficials resumed negotiations with the Another leader of the banned Com- work force most victimized by in- stood. bosses and quickly emerged with an munist League of France has been im flation and economic exploitation. The workers elected a committee to 80 cents an hour increase. prisoned, as the defense campaign At Gateway, 90 percent of the partici- discuss the contract with the union The workers also won a limited cost- against the ban continues in France pants were women, mostly Chicanas officials. When the officials refused to of-living increase of eight to 11 cents and internationally. and Black women. meet with this committee, 1,325 work- an hour, effective September 1974. The Pompidou regime had a war The main issue was wages, but as rant out for the arrest of Michel Re- , with Chrysler workers, working con canati, formerly a member of the po ditions were also emphasized, especial litical bureau of the dissolved League, ly the harassment of workers and ever since July. Recanati, who turned backbreaking speedup on the produc himself in Sept. 17, is charged under tion lines. the notorious "antiwrecker law." Ac The Gateway workers walked out cording to this law, leaders of an or Sept. 10 in opposition to the terms of ganization can be held responsible for a new contract negotiated by officials illegal acts committed by anyone in of Local 781 of the Miscellaneous the course of a demonstration it spon Warehousemen's Union. The Gate sors. way plant, on Chicago's south side, The Communist League is being vic manufactures seat belts and soap timized because of a demonstration products. it organized June 21 against a fascist Paul Rhoden, a rank-and-file strike meeting held to whip up sentiment leader, charged that union officials against immigrant workers in France. were deaf to the workers' demands. The newspaper Rouge, formerly the These demands included an immediate organ of the Communist League, has $1 an hour wage increase with a cost been allowed to continue. Asserting its of-living escalator clause, improved right to exist in the face of the govern working conditions and benefits, and a ment repression, Rouge sponsored a one-year limit on the contract. Starting Gateway Industries workers demanded living wage, escalator clause, and better mass meeting Sept. 20 in the Mutualite wages at Gateway were as low as working conditions. hall. The meeting, addressed by ex political bureau member of the League Alain Krivine, attracted more than 4,000 people, according to the Sept. 23-4 issue of the Paris daily LeMonde. 3,000 attend AIM defense meeting Professor Noam Chomsky is one of the most recent signers of the petition By JOHN LINDER nesota State Senator Allan Spear. This would allow the largest possible circulating in this country in defense of MINNEAPOLIS-A national· cam More than 600 people have been mobilization of supporters at the trials. the rights of the Communist League. paign in defense of the "Wounded Knee arrested as a result of the 71-day One willing partner in the U.S. gov The petition states: "We the under 600" was launched at a symposium occupation of Wounded Knee. At least ernment's smear campaign against signed view with alarm the action of held here Sept. 25. The symposium, half of these face indictments that could AIM is the John Birch Society. While your government in banning the Com which drew more than 3,000 people, bring sentences of life, or worse. Rus the symposium was taking place, this munist League. The right to form po was sponsored by the American Indian sell Means, for example, faces 23 reactionary organization was spon litical organizations is one of the most Movement. (AIM), the Wounded Knee charges and could be sentenced to soring a speech by Johnson Holy basic of democratic freedoms. While Offense-Defense Committee, and the 180 years. Rock. Billed as a "genuine Indian," not necessarily agreeing with the views University of Minnesota Department One hundred and fourteen persons Holy Rock's talk was supposed to or actions of the Communist League, of Indian Studies. face federal indictments in South expose the "rapists and looters of the we believe it must have the right to Dakota; 127 are under investigation American Indian Movement armed exist if democratic norms are to be The purpose of the meeting was to for federal indictments; approximately with guns from Moscow." observed in France." publicize the victimizations taking 25 face indictments arising out of The petition demands: "Lift the ban place as a result of the Wounded Knee events in Custer, S.D.; 100 face Pine The symposium crowd, some 20 on the Communist League. Drop all occupation earlier this year. Speakers Ridge tribal charges; and others face times the size of the Birchite audience, charges against leaders or members at the symposium included AIM lead state and federal charges elsewhere. was ample evidence that racist smears of the League." er Russell Means; Clyde Bellecourt, Speakers at the symposium pointed and red-baiting will not stop a massive Supporters are urged to reproduce cofounder of AIM; Angela Davis, rep out that these charges were an attempt defense of the Wounded Knee 600. the petition and circulate it to friends resenting the National Alliance Against to eliminate an entire layer of Indian Contributions are needed. They and acquaintances. Signed petitions Racist and Political Repression; activists and to destroy AIM. should be sent to the Wounded Knee and contributions to the defense cam Wounded Knee legal defense lawyers Efforts are under way to move the Offense-Defense Committee, P. 0. Box paign should be mailed to: Frant;;oise Mark Lane and Ken Tilsen; and Min- Wounded Knee trials to Minneapolis. 147, Rapid City, S.D. 57701. Collet, 2310 Creston Ave., Apt. 6A, Bronx, N.Y. 10468. Checks should be made out to Frant;;oise Collet, or sent directly to the French defense com mittee cf o Michel Foucault, C. C. P., Paris 26-15, France. Chicano students arrested in N.Mex. By MIKE COLLINS The students also demand Chicano raised $30,000 in the Las Vegas com and CONNIE ALLEN student control over hiring of teachers munity for release of the 41 arrested LAS VEGAS, N. M.- State police ar for the Chicano studies department, students. The student senate approved rested 41 Chicano student activists at and full funding for the department in a resolution that no disciplinary ac New Mexico Highlands University stead of the present cutbacks. Chi tion be taken against those arrested. here Sept. 25. canos make up 60 percent of the High A campus boycott of classes, or The cops broke into the administra lands student body. ganized in support of the Chicanos' tion building to arrest the students, They want Juan Jose Pe:n.a, chair demands, was about 30 percent ef who were peacefully sitting in after man of the New Mexico Raza Unida fective. the school president had repeatedly Party and one of the teachers fired by On Sept. 27, with cops ringing the rejected their attempts to discuss their Angel, named director of the Chicano hearing room, the New Mexico board grievances with him. studies department. Raza Unida Party of regents held an open hearing members have been leaders in the where they listened to the students' The Highlands Chicano Student struggle for student control. grievances. More than 250 students Justice Committee, the group leading The Chicano students want High attended. the protest, is demanding that the lands to be opened up for use by the The regents have taken no action school administration end its harass community in northern New Mexico. on the students' demands, but say They also support similar demands they will make a decision when they ment and firing of activist Chicano CHOMSKY: MIT professor signed petition raised by Black and Native Ameri professors. University President Frank meet Oct. 12 in "executive (closed) in defense of rights ofCommunistleague. Angel has systematically eliminated can students. session." professors who show a commitment Within two days of the Sept. 25 The Chicano students anticipate a to the Chicano struggle. arrests, the Chicano students had long struggle.

14 Subscription blitz weekend Militant sales gains 5,405 new readers drive tops goal By SHARON CABANISS Sales at political meetings also produced good By SHARON CABANISS Militant supporters across the country mobilized results. Seven subscriptions were sold at a Chicago Supporters of The Militant sold 10,328 copies last week to sell 5,405 new subscriptions to The meeting of PUSH (People United to Save of our Sept. 28 issue! - Militant-far surpassing our blitz weekend goal Humanity) to activists in the Coalition for Jobs This is higher than the best week of last spring's of 4,000. and Economic Justice. San Diego supporters sold sales campaign and is well over our fall goal Most of these subscriptions were sold by mem 12 Militant and International Socialist Review sub of 9,500. bers of the Socialist Workers Party and Young scriptions at a Pacific Coast Conference on Latin Because of the subscription blitz scoreboard, we Socialist Alliance, and by SWP campaign sup American Studies. are not running a sales scoreboard this week. porters. They spent long hours canvassing dormic All sellers reported interest among students in a But we can report that supporters in 14 areas tories, at sales tables on city sidewalks, and ap wide range of issues covered by The Militant. made or surpassed their weekly sales goal: Atlanta, proaching thousands of people to introduce them Lee Artz of-Detroit sold 26 subscriptions in a few Austin, Boston, Brooklyn, Cleveland, Detroit, Los to The Militant. hours by pointing out that The Militant's World Angeles, Madison, Philadelphia, St. Louis, San Cleveland and Detroit supporter!! led the way Outlook section is taken from a newsmagazine Diego, Seattle, New York's Upper West Side, and by more than doubling their weekend goals, selling that translates articles from all over the world. Washington, D. C. Seattle is in the lead nationally by selling 632 439 and 418 subscriptions respectively. They did ~oston sellers found interest in The Militant from this by organizing special two- and three-day teams supporters of the United Farm Workers' strug copies, 158 percent of their weekly sales goal of to visit regional campuses. There they found an gle. "Many of them were people who had not shown 400. Los Angeles is next with 763, 153 percent of enthusiastic response to The Militant and to radical interest in The Militant before," reported Ruth Getts, their weekly goal of 500. Oakland/Berkeley sup ideas in general. subscription blitz director, "but they changed their porters sold the largest numbe£, 789, and Boston Other supporters mobilized for dorm sales dur minds because of our extensive coverage of the sales reached 751. ing the day and at night in the cities. They aimed UFW struggle." Many sales resulted from the subscription blitz for subscription sales well over their weekend In addition to selling thousands of subscriptions, that Militant salespeople were involved in, but quotas because supporters in both cities will be many sellers met people who were interested in all areas report that the main selling feature was involved in extensive petitioning in October to finding out more about the revolutionary move the paper's coverage of Chile. Wherever protests put SWP candidates on the ballot. They wanted ment. Sales teams in Lower Manhattan and Pitts around events in Chile occurred, sales were high. to be certain to make their subscription goal before burgh report that they each met four people inter The Militant was also popular at other political the next blitz weekend at the end of this month. ested in joining the YSA and supporting SWP events. Upper West Side supporters sold 40 copies Nationally, the largest portion of subscriptions election campaigns. A team in DeKalb, Ill., met at a Puerto Rican protest at the United Nations. were sold in campus dormitories at night, but many Philadelphia supporters sold 29 Militants and five other locations yielded good results. Brooklyn YSA copies of the new Pathfinder book, Watergate: The members got 50 subscriptions at Brooklyn Com View from the Left, at a special class on Water munity College, a commuter campus, by selling gate. Pittsburgh readers sold 18 papers at a picket in cafeterias, at literature tables, and to professors. line protesting a speech by Hubert Humphrey; Other supporters sold in married students' supporters in San Francisco sold 51 at a demon housing and in off-campus student housing areas. stration against repression in the Philippines; and Boston teams went to a working-class housing 15 Militants were sold at a J. B. Johnson Defense project, where six subscriptions and 23singlecopies Committee meeting in St. Louis. were sold. In Chicago's Black community, supporters sold New York supporters in Lower Manhattan ran 83 Militants on Saturday despite rain. Brooklyn and Upper West Side sellers sold 25 and 72 copies into difficulties selling in apartment buildings be respectively at an Mro-American Day Parade in cause people were hesitant to open their doors. But Harlem. Ph~ladelphia supporters report they sold one supporter overcame this by enlisting the aid 42 papers in the Black community on Saturday, of a friend who introduced him to the tenants in where they found much interest in The Militants the building. He sold five subscriptions. coverage of rising prices. In Brooklyn, supporters set up sidewalk tables If you can help in the sales campa~n by taking where they had previously had high sales of single a weekly bundle of Militants to sell, send in the copies. With a large sign saying "Read the news coupon· on page 23. paper of the socialist campaign," they sold 17 subscriptions and 58 single copies. Subscription Amnesty lnt'l scoreboard backs Sostre AREA QUOTA SOLD % one person who bought a subscription in the dor~ By DERRICK MORRISON and then helped self subscriptions to other stu Amnesty International, the prestigious worldwide Ceveland 175 439 251 dents. organization for defense of political prisoners, has Detroit 200 418 209 taken on the case of Martin Sostre. Philadelphia 175 285 163 The International Socialist Review is also con ducting a s'ubscription drive, aiming for 2, 500 An Amnesty International spokesman said, "we Seattle 175 271 155 became convinced that he had been the victim of San Francisco 149 new readers. Although complete results are not 250 372 an international miscarriage of justice because Denver 150 191 127 in from the weekend, ISR subs sold well in many of his political beliefs." Houston 150 178 119 areas. Especially popular was the combination Sostre was convicted as a narcotics dealer in Austin 60 70 117 offer of three months of the ISR and The Militant 1968 and sentenced to 31 to 41 years in prison. San Diego 200 222 111 for $2. Upper West Side 200 214 107 A supporter in Chicago took the ISR around But it is widely recognized that he was imprisoned Los Angeles 300 317 106 . to professors in the humanities department at one because of his activities in the Black movement St. Louis 100 106 106 school. He sold 12 subscriptions; almost every in Buffalo, N.Y. . Chicago 350 363 104 teacher he talked to bought one. One professor Meanwhile, Sostre has been indicted on new as Brooldyn 200 206 103 was interested in using the magazine in his class sault charges. that could lead to life imprisonment Lower Manhattan 200 204 102 room. as a "persistent felony offender." In a letter to Washington, D.C. 175 179 102 Our 14 traveling sales teams report success on federal Judge Irving Kaufman, Sostre described Pittsburgh 100 1_01 101 the campuses they have visited thus far. The Pitts the origin of the charges. Bellingham 13 13 100 burgh team has sold 242 Militant subscriptions; Last May 19 Sostre, held in solitary confinement Lexington 10 10 100 team members in St. Louis have sold 292; and in Dannemora, N.Y., refused a demand by prison Twin Cities 225 225 100 the Philadelphia-D. C. team has sold 144 subscrip guards to submit to a rectal examination. The Logan 25 24 96 tions to The Militant and 6 to the ISR. guards then assaulted him. Sostre submitted a Portland 150 137 91 Our national goal is to sell 15,000 new Mili complaint. to U.S. District Court, which the court Oaldand/Berkeley 350 313 89 tant subscriptions this fall. The teams plan to acknowledged receiving. Boston 350 309 88 sell 7,200 of these and the remainder are to be Shortly afterwards, a Clinton County grand jury Atlanta 175 110 63 sold on the second national blitz weekend, scheduled indicted Sostre on three. counts of assaulting the Central New Jersey 25 13 52 for Oct. 27. guards who beat him. On July 6 before taking Mt. Pleasant 25 11 44 Already supporters are planning how to meet him to a county courtroom for arraignment on Bloomington 100 38 38 and surpass their goals for the weekend-by going these charges, guards again demanded a rectal Hartford 25 6 24 back to dorms where people were not home, by search of Sostre. He refused and was again beaten. Madison 50 11 22 visiting new schools, and by finding new sales This repression is continuing despite a federal locations. Also, during weekly sales of single Columbus 25 3 12 ~opies judge's ruling that the rectal search is "dehuman of The Militant, sellers will be encouraging regular Indianapolis 25 3 12 izing" and "needlessly degrading." San Antonio 25 readers to get subscriptions. 1 4 For more information write to the Martin Sostre Worcester 25 1 4 This week's scoreboard does not include the Defense Committee, P. 0. Box 839 Ellicott Station, Cincinnati 50 1 2 sales by the Young Socialist and Militant traveling Buffalo, N.Y. 14205. General 40 teams. We will report on their sales and the results TOTAL SOLD 5,405 135 of the second blitz weekend in the next subscrip GOAL 4,000 100 tion scoreboard.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 15 B'klyn SWP campaign in final drive Thousands By MARTHA HARRIS campaign is certainly not asleep. candidate for Brooklyn councilman voteSWP BROOKLYN- Maxine Williams got Maxine Williams has a growing list of at-large, speak on the continuing an enthusiastic reception at the Social speaking engagements crowding her struggle of the United Farm Workers. ist Workers Party campaign banquet schedule until election day Nov. 6. Joel Britton of the editorial staff of in Seattle and rally here Sept. 29. These include street corner rallies The Militant urged those present to • Williams is SWP candidate for in Brooklyn and meetings at pre help build the broadest possible Brooklyn borough president. Her re dominantly Black and Puerto Rican defense of civil liberties in Chile in pr1mary marks were frequently interrupted by high schools. She attended a luncheon the face of the recent reactionary coup By FRED LOVGREN applause from the crowd of 125, at the offices of Ms. magazine Oct. 3, there. SEATTLE- Gary Johnson, Socialist which included activists from the re and will participate in a conference More than $1,600 was contributed Workers Party candidate for city coun cently formed National Black Fem on prisoners' rights Oct. 7. or pledged to keep the campaign in cil position one, received more than inist Organization. Campaign supporters at the Brook high gear during the last six weeks 7,000 votes in the Sept. 18 primary Williams spoke of the shameful lyn rally heard Mark Friedman, SWP before the elections. election here. school conditions in New York City Johnson's total amounted to almost and denounced the cuts in school 9 percent of the vote. The Democratic lunch, work-study, and bilingual and Republican candidates received programs. 49 and 42 percent respectively. "The quality of education will not Johnson attributed his showing to begin to improve," she said, "until the growing discontent with the policies billions of dollars spent on the so of a city council that acts in the in called defense budget are instead terests of big businessmen and bank geared into programs of education, ers instead of Blacks, women, and health, jobs, and housing." working people. James Mendieta, a transit worker, Only 90,000 people in this city of is SWP candidate for district attorney. 500,000 voted in the formally non He charged that the proposed trans partisan primary- one of the lowest portation bond issue will do nothing turnouts in recent history. for the people of New York, "but will In the mayoral race, Democratic in further line the pockets of Rockefeller cumbent Wes Uhlman will now face and his banks." Republican Liem Tuai in the N ovem Norman Oliver, SWP candidate for ber election. mayor, scored talk in the media that Craig Honts, SWP mayoral candi there are no issues in this campaign date, polled less than 1 percent of the that the campaign is a "sleeper." vote. Campaign supporters speculate He said, "The housing crisis, school that the difference between the number crisis, cop brutality, inflation, unem of votes for Johnson and for Honts ployment-those issues aren't asleep, was due to many people being unwill and neither is the Socialist Workers ing to vote for a socialist for the key Party campaign." Maxine Williams, SWP candidate for Brooklyn borough president, addresses Brooklyn municipal post, even though they Oliver is correct The Brooklyn SWP campaign rally. might vote socialist for a lower office. In addition, there were eight con tenders in the mayoral race but only three for city council position one. The SWP also ran Louise Pi tell, who received more than 2, 700 votes for city council position four, and Clare Court orders bilingual ballot in NYC Fraenzl, who received some 400 votes for school board position three. NEW YORK- In a decision with na court after the elections to obtain a This decision is similar to one issued tional implications, the Federal Dis permanent injunction binding for all in February in a case brought by Another SWP c~ndidate for city trict Court for the Southern District future elections. PRLDEF on behalf of the Committee council, Eric Huffman, was denied a place on the ballot because of his of New. York has ordered New York Democratic Assemblyman Luis for Democratic Election Laws and age. Huffman is a student at Frank City's board of elections to provide Nine announced Oct. 1 that he plans many Puerto Rican and Chinese lin High School. all voting materials in Spanish as to present a resolution to the next ses voters with regard to the city's May The last week before the election well as English for the general election sion of the State Assembly demand school board elections. At that time saw intensive campaigning by the Nov. 6. ing that the court order apply to elec PRLDEF pledged to continue court SWP candidates. They spoke to more The ruling was made in a suit filed tions throughout the state. action until Spanish is required in all than 700 people at public meetings, by the Puerto Rican Legal Defense elections. appeared on television five times, and Education Fund (PRLDEF) on The court order requires Spanish Norman Oliver, Socialist Workers spoke on four radio stations, and were behalf of three Bronx residents born translations of all candidates' names, ·Party candidate for mayor, hailed the covered by the major newspapers nine in Puerto Rico who neither speak nor ballot instructions, and referendums ruling. "The decision in this case repre times. read English. on the ballots or voting machines in sents an enormous victory for demo Their most successful meeting was In his ruling Sept. 27, District Judge districts with 5 percent or more cratic rights," he told The Militant at Nathan High School. Each of the Charles Stewart said conducting an Spanish-speaking voters. It also re "Until now hundreds of thousands of SWP candidates spoke to a crowd of election in English only "violates quires Spanish interpreters at all such Spanish-speaking voters have been some 500 students. As a result, 18 plaintiffs' rights under the Voting polling places. denied their right to participate in the students endorsed the SWP campaign Rights Act of 1965; the Voting Rights The suit noted that three-fourths of electoral process." and two asked to join the Young So Amendments of 1970, which enforce the Puerto Ricans living in New York "The growing political awareness cialist Alliance. the F-ourteenth Amendment to the Con City speak Spanish as their primary and activism of Puerto Ricans is ul At a news conference Sept. 20 the stitution of the United States; and the language while "thousands upon timately responsible for this ruling," SWP candidates announced their in Civil Rights Act of1871." thousands of such persons neither he continued. "As a minimum, this Although the court order applies speak, read, write nor comprehend ruling should immediately be extended tention to continue campaigning through the November elections. They only to the coming November elec English." More than one million to Chicanos and other Latinos tions, PRLDEF plans to return to Puerto Ricans live in the city. throughout this country." said they would demand equal time from the news media as write-in candi dates. The next major event in the Seattle By EILEEN GERSH would appear on the ballot. SWP campaign is a banquet and rally PHILADELPHIA- On the basis of an In an interview with the local ABC Saturday, Oct. 20. Kaufman unsubstantiated claim, an investiga TV affiliate,. Kaufman said, "My tion was launched recently into the candidacy is legitimate. It is up to the eligibility of Bruce Kaufman, Social people to decide who they want for demands ist Workers Party candidate for dis district attorney." trict attorney, to appear on the ballot. Kaufman called a news conference rights in for Oct. 3 and offered the Democratic Although the period for challenges and Republican candidates the oppor had expired, Kaufman's opponents in tunity to voice their opinions as to the race reportedly questioned his whether his name should be on the Phila. race right to be a candidate on the grounds ballot. that he is not an attorney. Kaufman will be attending debates The city commissioner then con scheduled for the major party candi firmed that Kaufman had the neces dates and has been offered a guest sary residency and registration quali column in the Philadelphia Bulletin. fications, that he had presented the As a student at Philadelphia Com legally required signatures in favor munity College, he is also receiving Militant/Shelby Harris of his candidacy, and that his name coverage from local campus media. HONTS: Seattle SWP mayoral candidate.

16 Paul LeBlanc for may..Q!. Socialists launch campaign in Pittsburgh By SARA GATES Constitutional parties. This was noted He cited the struggle of the United welfare department in denying abor PITTSBURGH-The Socialist Work by the ABC-TV affiliate, which re Farm Workers Union as an example tions to women on welfare. "The Su ers Party announced Paul Le Blanc ported, "The political campaign for of what is needed, and urged sup preme Court ruling legalizing abor as its mayoral candidate and mayor of Pittsburgh was begun today port to the UFW -called boycott of scab tion states unequivocably that a state Christina Adachi and Andrew N akrin in earnest, not by the Democratic or grapes and lettuce and A&P stores. may not deny a woman the right to as candidates for city council at a Republican parties, but by the Social Le Blanc, 26, has been active in abortion during the first six months well-attended news conference Sept. 25. ist Workers Party." the antiwar, civil rights, labor, and of pregnancy, and the state welfare As the NBC-TV evening news re In his opening statement Le Blanc socialist movements since 1965. He department's decision is in clear viola ported, "There's a new political party blasted the "economic dictatorship of was formerly a leader of Students for tion of this ruling," Adachi said. "If the big corporations" and cited the a Democratic Society and the New elected, the Socialist Workers Party mayoral race in Pittsburgh as an ex American Movement. In 1969 he was candidates would make fighting this, ample of this that is less ambiguous an active supporter of the Black Con and all other attempts to encroach_ SWP hits U.S. than usual. "Both parties have basi struction Coalition's struggle for jobs. upon the right to legal abortion, a cally_ the same program," Le Blanc He participated in the recent state priority." role in Chile said. "Now, in Pittsburgh, they also wide strike of social service employ Andrew Nakrin, a 21-year-old The SWP candidates marched in a have the same candidate. ees, and has helped organize support graduate student at Duquesne Univer- • picket line Sept. 25 at the Univer "We believe that working people and for efforts of the Hospital Workers sity, presented the SWP's program for sity of Pittsburgh, demanding an oppressed groups need to organize and the Amalgamated Clothing Work youth, including free education end to repression in Chile. their own strong, independent organi ers. He has also been active in the through the university level. He also Paul Le Blanc, SWP mayoral can zations in order to force the corpora Neighborhood Consumer's Union. announced the formation of Young didate, issued a statement that tions and politicians to meet some of Christina Adachi, a J apanese-Ameri Socialists for Le Blanc, which will charged, "The ITT and other cor their basic, immediate needs, .. he said. can, condemned the action of the state campaign in support of the SWP can porations and the U.S. government didates. itself played a major role in pre The news conference was attended paring the economic.crisis and mili by reporters from three radio sta tary coup in Chile. tions and both the morning and eve "The U.S. government, with the ning newspapers, as well as the local approval of both the Republicans NBC and ABC-TV affiliates. React and Democrats, trained and sup ing to the obvious lack of a political plied the Chilean army and police, campaign in Pittsburgh up until now, which are now carrying out mass one reporter told the candidates he arrests and executions. State De was glad to see them on the scene. partment claims that the U.S. isn't involved are in the tradition of the Undemocratic election laws will pre Watergate cover-up and the big lies vent the candidates from appearing on about the Vietnam war." the ballot, since the filing date is past. It will be a write-in or "sticker" cam in Pittsburgh." The municipal election paign. But there is precedent for this campaign was launched by the newly type of campaign in Pittsburgh; it's formed Socialist Workers Party the way the incumbent Flaherty won branch, the first here since the 1940s. the Republican nomination. Le Blanc is the only candidate run The candidates and their supporters ning against incumbent Mayor Pete Militant/Carol McAllister celebrated the opening of the SWP Flaherty, who has been nominated SWP candidates Andrew Nakrin, Paul le Blanc, and Christina Adachi at news con campaign headquarters at 304 South by the Democratic, Republican, and ference announcing their campaign. Bouquet with an open house Sept. 29. Black students greet Bustin with cheers ATLANTA- When Debby Bustin, So walls of every public housing project police terrorizing of Blacks is well jor Democratic Party candidates hud cialist Workers Party candidate for would crack and fall, to be replaced known. dled on a corner of the stage to de mayor of Atlanta, spoke to an as by decent and pleasant homes for all." WAOK, Atlanta's largest Black AM cide if they should stay. sembly of 1,000 students at all-Black This brought loud applause. radio station and one of the only Senator Johnson was furious with Douglas High School, she found her Then Bustin reminded the students ~Jources of facts about these police Bustin's reception. He got up three self facing the most enthusiastic au that Democratic Party mayors have crimes, has carried news about Bus times to answer questions from stu dience of her campaign-. been running Atlanta for years and tin's campaign. Through this cover dents; each time he attacked Bustin. All 11 candidates for mayor were have not removed slums or ended age, many Douglas students were al He was booed and hissed more each invited to speak to eleventh and poverty and crime. She said, "I am ready aware that Bustin is the only time, and Bustin was given the chance twelfth grade . students Sept. 27. the only candidate for mayor who candidate for mayor who has spoken to answer. At the end about 100 stu Bustin was the last to speak of the protested loud and long when a 14- out against this wave of police kill dents crowded around Bustin to wish six who showed up. year-old Black girl was shot in the ings and to call for the firing of the her luck and ask questions. Students started cheering before she stomach by a white cop." racist chief of police, John Inman. Afterward one woman student said, even began. Bustin opened her re At that point she was interrupted "She is for the people, to the people marks by referring to a comment by by cheers from all parts of the gym. In the three minutes allotted to and by the people. I believe that if State Senator LeRoy Johnson, who She raised her fist and almost every Bustin at Douglas, she was only able she can't do it no one can." told the students that when he became student stood with a clenched fist, con to say about eight sentences because A male student said, "I admire her the first Black since Reconstruction tinuing to cheer. she was interrupted by applause so determination to run because of her to be elected to the Georgia legisla Reference to police terrorism finds often. Channel 5 TV filmed all of this sex and her stand on the Black com ture, "the walls of the capitol did not a strong response in Atlanta's Black and showed it on the noon news, but munity." crack and the ceiling did not fall in." community. Since February, 13 Black by the six o'clock news the crowd's Bustin has been invited to return Bustin said that if there were a so men have been killed by Atlanta cops. response to Bustin was edited out. to Douglas to speak before a number cialist government in Atlanta, "the In addition, Bustin's stand against When Bustin finished, the three rna- of classes.

By ROBERT DOLGAN people who feel the capitalist system CLEVELAND-Roberta Scherr, So is outmoded." Scherr cialist Workers Party candidate for The article continued, "It was easy mayor, recently debated her oppo to sympathize with this spunky Miss nents in the Cleveland mayoral race Scherr as she went into the cauldron debates· at the City Club. to challenge her high-powered rivals. The debate between Scherr, Repub Her voice quaking a bit at the start, lican incumbent_ Ralph Perk, and she looked the way Joan of Arc must rivals in Democrat James Carney, was car have looked 500 years ago." ried live over eight radio stations and Earlier that week, Scherr was in covered by the Cleveland Press, the terviewed for 15 minutes by WKYC Cleveland Plain Dealer and all three TV net TV and for six minutes by WEWS-TV. works. She also spoke to the student body of The Plain Dealer, Cleveland's ma the Urban League Street Academy. jor newspaper, quoted Scherr as say Twenty people at that meeting en ing, "If I didn't run, thousands of dorsed her campaign and three de Mil people would stay home, because they cided to attend the Young Socialist SCHERR: 'I expect my votes to come from wouldn't have anybody to vote for. national convention to be held New those people who feel the capitalist sys I expect my votes to come from those Year's weekend in Chicago. tem is outmoded.'

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 17 bas been as an apologist for the bu policies in the history of the Stalinized The crisis that hit the CP in 1956 reaucratic overlords in Moscow. Its Communist Party. And that is quite shattered the totally monolithic grip aim has been_ to promote peaceful co a bit. of the ruling bureaucracy in the party. On July 9 Communist Party leader existence between American imperial In the period of the rise of the CIO, Dorothy Healey announced her resig For the first time since the Staliniza ism and the Kremlin, with all else the CP, along with the Socialist Party nation from the party she bad been tion of the CP in the late 1920s, dissi identified with for 45 years. For 20 including the interests of the Ameri of Norman Thomas, worked to di dent tendencies appeared. Large sec years Healey was Southern California can and world socialist revolution vert the growing sentiment for inde tions of dissenters walked out of the chairwoman of the CP, and for many subordinated to that aim. pendent political action back into the party; others, however, like Healey years she was a member of the CP Dorothy Healey and Al Richmond Democratic Party. and Richmond, did not leave. They Central Committee. are longtime public critics of a num Since 1936, from Franklin Roose had their own base within the party Her resignation was followed by that ber of aspects of the policies and func velt to George McGovern, in every in California and were able to es of AI Richmond, another longtime CP tioning of the Communist Party, and presidential election, the CP has in tablish a certain independence from leader, who in 1937 bad been the to some extent the policies of the Krem practice supported the Democratic Par the central bureaucracy of the party founding editor of the CP's West Coast lin. They make some valid and co ty or another pro-capitalist political in New York. newspaper, the People's World, and gent points in their criticism. party. who bad remained its editor until Considering how much is wrong More recently, the CP has shown an Prague Spring This went on until 1968 and the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Kremlin to crush the movement for socialist democracy called the Prague Spring. Healey and Richmond decided it was impossible to try to defend that criminal invasion, and publicly voiced criticism in direct contradiction to the position of the Central Committee of the CP. Their criticisms had little in com mon with a Marxist opposition to that invasion. But they did criticize, and this helped contribute to a new crisis within the CP. 1968. with the policies of the CP and the implacable hostility to the manifesta This was too much for the central Dorothy Healey's public explana Kremlin, that is not much of an ac tions of the new radicalization of the leadership of the party. Gus Hall came tion for her resignation was her dis complishment. 1960s. This was seen by their oppo out to California and made it clear agreement with a directive from the The main political thrust of their sition to the Black nationalism of Mal to Richmond and the staff of the Peo CP Central Committee characterizing criticisms, however, must be character colm X, the Chicano nationalism of ple's World that their dissent would Richmond's history of the CP, A Long ized as coming not from the left of La Raza_ Unida Party, and the femi no longer be tolerated. Richmond took View from the Left, as "a weapon the Communist Party but from nism of the new women's liberation the hint, and resigned as editor of in the bands of the class enemy." its right. movement. the paper. Richmond's book reflects the views It is not a matter of the Communist The final straw for Hall and com of many CP members on the West More palatable Party's being incorrect on all these pany was the publication of Rich Coast, including Healey. In general, If the Communist Party were to ac questions. You cannot be that con mond's book. they want more leeway to criticize some cept the leadership of Healey and Rich sistently wrong by accident. Dorothy Healey said in explaining of the policies of the Kremlin that mond, it would follow the same basic No, it is not a matter of the CP's her resignation from the party that it reformist course that the CP has been was not only a matter of her disagree committed to since the 1930s. Their ment with the party's condemnation of criticisms boil down to the argument the book, but that even more impor that they could carry out this reform tant was the issue of internal party ist course better- more effectively, democracy. She noted-and I take more realistically, more intelligently her word for it-that there had been and they would make it more palata no prior discussion of the decision that ble. this book was "a weapon in the hands What Al Richmond says in his book of the class enemy." is that his political conceptions today There is a certain curiosity here, come down to stressing the need for when you consider Dorothy Healey's autonomy of the various parts of the record. She never publicly dissociated world Communist movement. He be- herself from any part of the whole

If you are interested in reading further on the development and nature of Stalinism, order these Militant/Flax Hermes pamphlets and books: Militant/Walter Lippmann HALL: Considered memoirs of CP leader STALINISM AND BOLSHEVISM, HEALEY: Confirms there's no democracy in hands of class enemy.' by Leon Trotsky {32 pp., 50 cents). in Communist Party. IN DEFENSE OF BLACK NA trying to make a revolution in the TIONALISM: An Answer to the wrong way. What has to understood prove embarrassing to them in their is that the Communist Party is not Communist Party and the Young work in- liberal circles, including the trying to make a revolution, and they Workers Liberation League,_ by "progressive" wing of the Democratic reserve their main opposition to those Tony Thomas {32 pp., 60 cents). Party. For example, they have criti who they recognize are trying to make THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL cized the Soviet invasions of Hungary a.revolution. AFTER LENIN, by Leon Trotsky in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968, That is the essence of Communist {348 pp., paper $3.45). as well as Soviet mistreatment of intel Party politics. And it's a starting point lectuals and Jews. THE STALIN SCHOOL OF FALSI for viewing the meaning of Richmond's The resignation of Healey and Rich and Healey's resignations. FICATION, by Leon Trotsky {368 mond provoked discussion in the CP pp., paper $3.45). and in radical circles in California. Witch-hunt Order from: Pathfinder Press, The following are excerpts from a RICHMOND: His book endorses major A few more words of background 410 West St., New York, N.Y. talk by Harry Ring of The Militant's reformist policies of CP. Southwest Bureau on the meaning of are necessary. The Communist Party 10014. the resignations. It was given at the suffered extremely heavy blows in the 1950s. It was the principle target of Los Angeles Militant Forum Aug. 31. lieves that the Communist parties list of bureaucratic expulsions from the witch-hunt of that period. Then should not have to be totally subser the CP- beginning with those of the in 1956 came the Khrushchev revela To make comprehensible the resigna vient to Moscow. They should not supporters of Leon Trotsky's criti tions about the terrible crimes of Stal tions from the Communist Party of simply be mindless, blind apologists cisms of Stalin's policies in 1928- in, for which the CP had long been Dorothy Healey and Al Richmond, for the Kremlin. They should be treat on which the CP membership was al apologizing, followed by the Krem we have to start from a basic politi ed with a degree of equality. They so not consulted, before or after. lin's invasion of Hungary. This cal proposition. And that is that the should be given the right to speak a As Richmond's book makes clear, caused a mortal internal crisis in the Communist Party is a reformist party, bit for themselves and to dissociate Healey's and Richmond's r.esigna party. not a revolutionary party. themselves from some of the more un tions are not a break to the left. They AI Richmond estimates that in one It is a reformist party that has done palatable aspects of Kremlin policy are a call for more "reasoned" apolo decade, from 1948 to 1958, the CP incalculable damage to the struggle rather than put themselves in the awk getics for Kremlin policies, and for a lost two-thirds of its membership. for socialism. Its program and prac ward position of trying to explain continued reformist policy in the In the past three to five years, how tices make a grotesque mockery of away things that often cannot be ex United States. The book, and Healey's ever the Communist Party has begun the Marxism-Leninism to which it pro plained away. endorsement of it, confirm that Heal fesses to adhere. It is a thoroughly to recruit again and to assert its in ey and Richmond remain Stalinists bureaucratized party-that for decades fluence in various political movements. in their basic politics. has not had anything resembling Reformism And as the CP began to reestablish A "reasoned" apologetic for the working-class democracy for its mem But if you read Richmond's book itself and break through the isolation Kremlin is no better than a mindless bership. carefully, you find that he and Heal it had suffered for so long, it began one. In terms of political content, it The CP's principle political function ey endorse all the major reformist to take care of internal business. is not worth a nickle more.

18 Washington state on trial Ex-cop 'solves' Indians fight for fishing rights • By KATHY SLEDGE has dropped from 16 million pounds to three cr1mewave TACOMA, Wash. - The Washington game and million. The Indians have pointed out that con Albany, N.Y., the upstate base of Nelson Rocke fisheries departments are on trial here for robbing struction, the removal of gravel from spawning feller's empire, has always been known as a wide 14 Indian tribes of their fishing rights. The fed grounds, flooding, and agricultural and industrial open town. But it did seem strange that the local eral government has filed suit on behalf of the pollution have depleted the fish runs- not the tiny cops could never crack a professional burglary Indians, who are fighting to regain the right to amount of tribal fishing. ring that had been operating there as long as fish outside their reservations. The state places conservation of profits above anyone could remember. The Indians' struggle dates back to 1854, when conservation of fish, the Indians argue. They point After all, it shouldn't have been too hard to the Medicine Creek Treaty was signed, taking away out that "the state owes its loyalty to the com figure out who was milking the city's parking the Indians' land on Puget Sound. The treaty mercial fishermen and to the sportsmen," not the meters to the tune of $700 each week. Or to find did grant the tribes continued fishing rights in Indians. out who was breaking into one local department their "usual and accustomed places," however, The tribes depend on fishing for an important store so regularly that employees had to start whether on or off the reservations. part of their livelihood. Each tribe has its own chaining the door shut at night. Despite a 1968 Supreme Court decision uphold conservation practices, and it would be self-de A former Albany policeman finally cleared up ing the off-reservation fishing rights, the state of feating for them to knowingly damage the fish the "mystery." When an unusual burglary turned .runs. up on his beat, he testified at a recent police-cor Although the federal government has filed the ruption hearing, the first thing he used to do was suit on behalf of the 14 tribes, the Indians view "to look around the squad room and think, 'Who the aims of the government with distrust. At the was in my territory last night?' My first reaction trial, this reporter spoke with one Indian who was, I thought it was the police." said that individual tribe members are not at all And he should have known; he'd been burglar- satisfied with the way the federal government is representing them. A member of the Yakima tribe said: "Many other tribes wanted to pull out. But we decided that American Way of Life we want to go through with the suit and pour into the case every bit of fact, research, biology, 1zmg local stores himself ever since he joined the history, and anthropology we can and use the force. courtroom as a tract to get the record straight. For a while, he said, Albany cops had an in It also helps to inform the public of our struggle. formal agreement, a sort of honor system, to rob "If we don't win at this level," he continued, only the stores on their own beats. That didn't "we will have under us a solid and complete legal last too long; the possibilities of "poaching" on basis for further reviews once it reaches the Ninth other beats just got too tempting. Circuit Court." "I tried to protect my own territory," the informer The Indians believe that the state fisheries de testified, "but to no avail." The other cops "would partment and the federal government are very make calls to pull me off my patrol. It would 'Fish-in' in Washington, 1968. Indian struggle con close to each other in the case. "They could prac leave my area unprotected. Or they would wait tinues for right to livelihood. tically sit down and agree on this case between until I went to get gas." themselves right now," said Fred Lane, tribal co Certain officers "had their own specialties," he Washington says the Indians can fish oniy on ordinator. said. "Some were referred to as 'crashers' or 'break their reservations and then only for a limited Lane also pointed out that "the state has failed ers'- they would literally break in the door or amount of fish, "so as not to deplete the resources." to recognize the fact that the treaty rights of In window or go right through the wall." The state game department has placed a blanket dians never belonged to tJ:le state in the first place. He himself was more sophisticated and fash ban on the netting of steelhead (a type of trout) They were original rights held by the Indians ioned his own special tools for quicker, less con and other fish by the Indians, declaring the steel before there was a state and reserved for them spicuous break-ins. He was especially proud of head game fish only. Some 100 Indians currently selves in an honored agreement with the federal a steel bar and screwdriver combination he de face trial for fishing off the reservations, and the government while Washington was still a territory." vised to pry open difficult locks. arrests continue as the trial here goes on. Furthermore, the federal government has allowed The parking meter rake-off created a few prob State officials have continually charged that the the state to develop two completely different cases. lems. The way it first worked was that an officer tribes do not know how to regulate their off-res The fisheries department argues that it does rec ervation fishing and thus threaten the conserva ognize treaty rights, and simply asks the court tion of steelhead and salmon. to determine the scope of those rights so it can At the trial, however, biologist and fisheries ex regulate them. The game department, on the other pert Dr. James Heckman testified to the contrary. hand, says the Indians have no treaty rights, The Indians ''know much more about the fish and refuses to concede that it should allow any and fishing than many of us learn in college," tribal fishing at all. he said. According to Heckman's figures, the In Despite these obstacles, the< Indians say they dians take only 5 to 6 percent of the total catch are determined to "fight as our ancestors have in the area, the rest going to sports fishing and for over 100 years for our rights, as the original commercial catches. inhabitants of this land, to fish and sustain our Over the past 50 years the annual salmon catch selves."

would pay his sergeant to get parking meter duty. He then had to split the take only with his squad Ignore back-to-work order car partner. This led to a serious decline in morale on the force. Not everyone could be on parking meter Detroit teachers: We won't go!' duty, and those left out felt they were being cheated of their fair share of the take. By MIKE KELLY demanding a 9. 7 percent wage increase, a cost-of The problem was eventually solved by dividing DETROIT-Some 8,000 of the 10,600 members living escalator clause, and a smaller class size. the loot among the entire squad. This seemed to of the Detroit Federation of Teachers (DFT) met The board of education is demanding that teach work out well, each man's share ranging from Sept. 30 to hear a court order read to them. ers accept the "accountability" (merit pay) plan, $25 to $35 a week. The order, signed by Wayne County Circuit which gives arbitrary power to the administration Some cops on the force supplemented their in Court Judge Thomas Foley, ordered the teachers to decide if teachers advance in pay. The teachers comes by taking bribes from prostitutes. For at back to work and threatened them with stiff fines reject this plan as a union-busting tactic. least two plainclothes detectives, however, even and jail sentences. Last week the union circulated thousands of this wasn't enough. They went into the business As the order was read teachers angrily shouted, leaflets explaining the issues of the strike. This themselves and became pimps. When news of this "We won't go!" The teachers continued to show was done in the face of efforts by the board to began to leak out, one detective was allowed to the same unity and determination that have marked mobilize sentiment in the Black compmnity against resign without charges. The other? He was pro their five-week strike against the Detroit board of the striking teachers. About 70 percent of Detroit's moted to sergeant. education. This is already the longest teachers'. 278,000 students are Black. So far the board's Being a cop in Albany apparently has so many strike in the nation this fall. efforts have failed. "fringe benefits" that you don't get on the force A ruling by Judge Foley is expected soon either A three-week teachers' strike in Youngstown, Ohio, by simply going down and taking the civil service fining the union, arresting its leaders, or both. ended Sept. 26. Nevertheless, the board of education test. Instead, you go to the local Democratic Party Union President Mary Ellen Riordan has said there is pressing contempt of court charges against ward leader, fork over a hclty down payment, the union officials will go to jail if necessary. 1,520 teachers and other employees on the basis and pledge to keep the "contributions" rolling in There appears to be some movement on the part of injunctions i~sued during the strike. as long as you're on the force. No questions asked of the board of education on the wage issue, but A lawyer for the Youngstown teachers called the after that. -MICHAEL BAUMANN other major issues remain unresolved. The DFT is board's action "recrimination and reprisal."

THI; MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 19 In Review

Water lords: Humanism corporate -and pollution socialism The Water Lords by James M. Fallows. Ban Humanism and Socialism by George Novack. tam Books. New York, 1972. 294 pp. Paper Pathfinder Press {410 West St., New York, $1.95. N.Y. 10014). 1973. 158 pp. Cloth $6.95, pa per $2.25. This book describes a Ralph Nader project that sought to analyze the industrial and environmental Every morning you wake up, grapple wit!} the crisis in Savannah, Ga. It is an excellent case alarm clock, and ask yourself, "Why the hell do study of corporate destruction of the environment. I have to go to work?"- Right? The river in Savannah has played a central After you've read George Novack's Humanism role in the city's history, providing a livelihood and Socialism, you'll have the answer. You have in the catches of oysters and shrimp. James Fal to go to work so your boss can make a profit: lows, who headed this study, writes: "Labor is irreplaceable in the functioning of cap• "At times the water in front of city hall literally NATO-armed Portuguese soldiers in Guinea-Bissau italism because wage labor is the source of the boils as pockets of hydrogen sulfid'e and methane surplus value that sustains the system and moti gas rise from the wastes on tl)e river bed. vates the owners of the means of production in "The situation remains the same for several the process of accumulation." miles," Fallows continues, "until the river under- How NATO · But Novack doesn't leave it at that. He doesn't .. goes a final calamity as it passes the American as a bourgeois philosopher might-leave you ly Cyanamid factory. There some 690,000 pounds ing there, stunned, alarm clock in hand, wishing of sulfuric acid flood into the river every day, arms Portugal you'd never asked the question in the first place. killing fish and running into the marshes along He takes that sentence apart and, iri 150 pages, side of the river. The river water_ near the plant, Portugal and NATO. Published by Angola Co puts it back together in a way that tells you not often as caustic as concentrated laboratory acid, mite {Da Costastraat 88, Amsterdam, Hol only why you have to go to work but what you has seared the skin of small children who have land). 1972. 80 pp. 75 cents. can do about it. unwittingly dangled their arms in the water." "If we are subject to natural and social neces The Water Lords points out the arrogance with Portugal is a weak country, with one of the lowest sities [like getting up and going to work],"he writes, which the pulp mill bosses look at the public. standards of living in Europe. For the last 12 "then what room is there for freedom of choice? They do not recognize responsibility for what pass years, however, it has been able to carry out an "Marxism answers that our lives are not exclu es out of their smokestacks or drainage pipes. extensive military conflict in Africa against lib sively determined for us by external and uncon The pollution control boards- instead of restrict eration fighters in Angola, Guinea-Bissau, and trollable factors but also by us as consciously ing the industrialists- are them selves pawns of Mozambique. Portugal's secret is that the Western acting and reacting beings. . . . Participating in these polluters. imperialist powers in NATO (North Atlantic Trea an organized and disciplined way in the struggle Annual investigation into the pollution activity ty Organization) have been supplying it with ex for socialism can be the highest assertion of per- tensive amounts of military equipment. This pamphlet documents how military equip ment is surreptitiously delivered to the Portuguese. .Books The Portuguese Navy, for example, has 104 of Books its 168 vessels serving in Africa. Almost the entire fleet was donated, subsidized, or bunt by the U.S., sonal freedom." of the pulp mills is usually limited to what was Germany, France, Britain, and other NATO po\V Humanism and Socialism appeared in the Sept. produced and how much of it. The Nader study ers. More than 20 major vessels have been given project found that when the Savannah corpora 10 New York Times' listing of recently published to the Portuguese by the NATO powers since the books. It is listed correctly, if a little unassumingly, tions bothered to reply at all, their reports were African war erupte~ in 1961. as "a discussion of Marxist theory." generally falsified .. According to this pamphlet, most aircraft in But the Times did not say how significant a This book urges stronger air and water quality. Portuguese hands are not donated directly by the contribution it is. Novack confronts the same ques . control laws in polluted cities and recommends U.S. or Germany, but are received after being tions that have defined the philosophical works that citizens bring legal action against corporations "used" by "third parties" such as Norway, Turkey, that pollute. The report's inadequate proposals of Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre: Are or Italy. Special NATO-designed aircraft, including humanism and socialism compatible? Is Marxism follow from· its inadequate appraisal of the role the Puma helicopter, and the G-91 fighter, designed of the corporations. In his conclusion, Fallows equipped to deal with questions on the meaning compares these companies to little children who of life? Or is it of value only for economists and must be taught to clean up after themselves, the social theoreticians? parents being the government. Pamphlets Novack explains the labor theory of human The U. S. government will never undertake a origins-that the ability to make tools and en serious attack on pollution. This book itself ex for ill-prepared airfields such as in Angola or gage in productive labor is what differentiates poses two impotent pollution enforcement confer Guinea, have reached the Portuguese through these humanity from other primates. He uses this theory ences held in Savannah in 1965 and 1969. Any channels. itself as a tool to evaluate the notion of progress. real industrial planning, such as pollution con The pamphlet cites another means by which Most importantly he focuses on what the Czecho trol, would run counter to monopoly capitalism's U.S. military supplies reach Portugal: CIA sub slovaks called "socialism with a human face." He operation as an unrestrained vulture on our econ version. In 1965 a British pilot was arrested by takes Marxist philosophy back from the dilettantes omy. -VAUGHN HOGIKYAN U.S. authorities for illegally ferrying B-26 bomb and sterile academicians who merely interpret the ers from the U.S. to Portugal. Previously, a Por world and offers it to those who are out to change tuguese request for these World War 11-vintage it. -CLAIRE MORIARTY planes had been publicly turned down. · "The pilot was tried for smuggling these planes without licenses or approval from the State De partment," the pamphlet says, "but was acquitted when the defence claimed that the CIA and gov er:Qment departments had known what was going on from the beginning." Boeing has sold the Portuguese government owned TAP airline a number of long-distance 707 and 7~7 ·aircraft "for civilian purposes." These aircraft were immediately "leased" to the Portuguese military to carry troops to and from Africa. One of Portugal's major military suppliers is West Germany, partly due to the dictatorship's former links to Nazi Germany. When West Ger many was initially banned from having arms factories on its soil after World War II, German corporations set up their factories in Portugal, also supplying the Portuguese armed forces. When Portugal's African war erupted in Angola in 1961, the Germans increased their investments in Por tuguese munitions plants by $10-million. -TONY THOMAS

20 7,000Wgate Militant 45th Anniversar~ Fund books sold The special sales effort for the new Pathfinder Readers boost fund drive book Watergate: The View from the Left is off to a flying start. In the two weeks since the book was printed, more than 7,000 copies have been shipped out. by $1,000 in one week By comparison, Pathfinder's best selling book By ANDREA MORELL in 1972, Introduction to Marxist Economic Theory by Ernest Mandel, sold 9, 500 copies during the The Militant Forty-Fifth Anniversary Fund re entire year. ceived a boost from subscribers and sympathizers Much of the success can be credited to the Path around the country this week, bringing us $1,013 finder supporters who have been visiting campus closer to our goal of raising $20,000 by Dec. 15. and other bookstores around the country, taking Contributions and pledges ranged this week from orders for the Watergate book. The book, which $1 to $600.66, and letters accompanying the dona documents government repression against political tions show they come from diverse sources. dissidents, can already be purchased in more than A Maryland supporter sent a pledge for $45 500 bookstores. In New York and California, with this note: "I just sold two paintings, but won't supporters contacted companies that distribute have the money for another month. I hope a lot books nationally. One of these companies is send of people get to see your coverage of Chile- they ing five to seven copies to each of 218 bookstores sure aren't getting even decent objective reporting in 38 states. In addition, Socialist Workers Party branches Andrea Morell is the chairwoman of The Mil and Young Socialist Alliance locals have set their itant's 45th Anniversary Fund. own sales goals for this special effort. These goals range from 5 to 150 copies and total 930. from the normal sources- much less a good anal New York SWP branches are using the book ysis." to publicize and gain support for the legal suit A Canadian reader sent $45 and wrote, ~The launched by the SWP and the YSA to end gov Militant is one of my favorite newspapers. It has ernment harassment of their members and sup James Kutcher looks through his copy of Militant the right combination of truthful content and bold porters. The Watergate book reflects the views anniversary book. All contributors of $45 or more design." of the plaintiffs. One chapter describes the suit, receive the commemorative book. Another Militant enthusiast from California un and the 1972 presidential election platform of the expectedly came into $600.66. She explained, "I SWP is printed as an appendix. had already planned to pledge $45 and pay it off Through continued sales efforts for this book, a month' at a time. But when I received this check, The Fund's very first contributor was James thousands of people will read the socialist anal my first impulse was to send it in to you right Kutcher, who gave $500 at the Militant Anni versary kick-off rally in August. Kutcher is a ysis of the· Watergate crimes and learn of the strat away." That's the kind of impulse-spending egy to fight back. we're for! veteran socialist and was the central figure in Campaigns to sell especially important books And right in line with the Fund's motto, "From one of the most important civil liberties cases dur and pamphlets are not new for the SWP and YSA. each according to their ability," a supporter in ing the witch-hunt of the 1950s. New Jersey sent in a dollar bill with the message, Kutcher lost both legs during World War II "When you live on Social Security, it takes time in Italy. The government nonetheless fired him to save a dollar." from his job in the Veterans Administration, re Mews from Pathfinder voked his disabled veterans pension, and tried to evict him and his elderly parents from, a public Many such campaigns have been reported in the housing project because of his open socialist views pages of The Militant during the last 30 years. and his membership in the Socialist Workers Party. The Sept. 8, 1945, issue of The Militant reported Militant Kutcher and thousands of supporters across the that 410 copies of Jobs for AlL· A Fighting Pro country won the case after an eight-year court gram for Labor by Art Preis were sold in less Fund Drive battle, forcing the government to reinstate him than two and a half hours at a CIO rally in New with full back pay. York. The first press run on this 10-cent pam The Militant was in the forefront of the Kutcher phlet was 20,000. ·_.L.t __ _ battle. When the victory was won, The Militant's At the height of the McCarthyite witch-hunt of front-page headline announced, "Legless Veteran the 1950s, SWP branches launched a special sales Wins Gov't Job Back After Eight-Year Fight." The effort around America's Road to Socialism by ' $20,000 story of this fight is told by Kutcher in The Case James P. Cannon, The Case of the Legless Vet of the Legless Veteran, a book available from eran by James Kutcher, and McCarthyism: Amer Pathfinder Press for $2. 95. ican Fascism on the March. Branches of the SWP The Militant has been a 'consistent champion in Minneapolis and St. Paul sold 1,345 copies of civil liberties throughout its 45-year history. of the McCarthyism pamphlet. $14,871 We have given front-page coverage to many bat More recently, at the beginning of the antiwar tles for democratic rights. They have included the movement in 1965, the YSA sold thousands of fight to save Hugo Blanco's life, the free speech copies of War and Revolution in Vietnam by Doug rights of G Is, and the current suit of the SWP to Jenness. stop the use of government Watergate tactics against socialists and other dissenters. Over the years, these special sales efforts have Today The Militant is conducting a major cam introduced thousands of people to revolutionary socialist ideas. The sales of the Watergate book paign to help organize protests against the slaugh will do the same thing. ter in Chile, and to defend political prisoners jailed If you would like to help in this effort, contact by the military junta. the bookstore nearest you listed in The Militant The $20,0QO we are aiming for through the An Socialist Directory or write directly to Pathfinder niversary Fund will enable us to continue and expand these efforts. Press, 410 West St., New York, N.Y. 10014. Meanwhile, on the inflation front, we reported You can get five copies of this $1.25 book to two weeks ago that Post Office rates for periodi sell by sending $4.00 to Pathfinder Press. • cals had skyrocketed- up 19 percent in just one -PEGGY BRUNDY month- and that we needed funds to defray the extra expenses. The Post Office is now seeking another 38 per cent increase by the first of the year. The justi fication given for this new increase shows the Catch-22 mentality of the U.S. government. Al though earlier increases have helped drive many publications, including Life magazine, out of busi ------ness, the Post Office claims the new boost is nec Enclosed is my contribution of$ ___ essary because a number of publications have I would like to pledge $ monthly for cut their weight and size to reduce postage costs, the three months of the Anniversary' Fund. resulting in a loss of postal revenue. Although the government would like to make Name ______-:- publications like The Militant financially prohibi tive, our supporters have shown they won't let Address ______this happen. Now more than ever, your contribution is City State __ Zip ___ needed. If you give $45 or more, you will also Make checks payable to The Militant 45th receive a complimentary copy of the special an Anniversary Fund Campaign. Send to 14 niversary book, The Militant· 45 Years in the Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Struggle for Socialism. Please send whatever you Watergate Conspiracy' was published recently in can today. Venezuela.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 21 of the most widespread and success Scherr, Socialist Workers Party candi Q: How d'id you do in the schools and ful ways of building public awareness date for mayor of Cleveland, among universities? and pressure against the repression others. Calendar in Chile. As in Chicago, multiple cam A· Many of our biggest meetings were pus meetings are slated in Boston, Los on campuses, especially on Chile. BERKELEY NIXON VS. THE BILL OF RIGHTS: HOW TO FIGHT Angeles, New York, and other cities There is no doubt that theJSA (Juven THE WATERGATE CRIMES. Speakers: Syd Stapleton, in coming days .. tud Socialista de Avanzada- Social national secretary, Political Rights Defense Fund; Doug "Concern about Chile is still very ist Youth Vanguard) has grown dur Gordon, plaintiff in PROF suit. Fri., Oct. 12, 8 p.m. ... Agnew high," Grinnon told The Militant. "For ing the campaign. One powerful sign Tan Oak Room, Fourth Floor, Student Union, U.C. Continued from page 24 Berkeley. Donation: 51 h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant example, the other day our office got of this was their contingent at the big Forum. For more information call (415) 548-0354. a call from the student body president examination of the evidence could Chile demonstration. Some 2,000 at Macomb College in Warren, Mich. bring to light new scandals that might youth marched with the banners of CHICAGO He had somehow heard about the pro implicate some of the Democratic Con theJSA. CHILE: WHY ALLENDE FELL. Speaker: Fred Halstead, test meeting planned by New York gressmen themselves. Socialist Workers Party. Opening of new forum hall. Moreover, an investigation into Ag Sat., Oct. 13, 8 p.m. 428 S. Wabash, Fifth Floor. Do> USLA [see box on page 9) -he Q: What did the Communist Party do nation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information thought it was a demonstration- and new's crimes-the bribes he took from in the elections? call (312) 427-0280. wanted to know if he should organize big corporations in the form of "cam a couple of busloads of students from paign contributions," the favors he did A· They supported Per6n. They are DENVER Macomb to come in to New York for in return-would further confirm the trying to build an Argentine version THE ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION VS. THE PEO it. deep-seated feeling in the population of the popular front, so they support PLE OF COLORADO- A panel discussion. Speakers: Joel Houtman, Socialist Workers Party; and others. "I suggested that for now he plan that Democratic and Republican of Per6n as a "progressive" bourgeois Fri., Oct. 12, 8 p.m. 1203 California. Donation: 51, an action out in Michigan instead," ficials are mere tools of big business. force. They had to do a real twist h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more Grinnon said. It would also underscore the per because only a few months ago the information call (303) 623-2825. Another example Grinnonmentioned vasiveness of corruption in all levels CP argued that Peronism equalled fas of governmentt as cynically summed HOUSTON was a person who called from the Uni cism. NIXON'S DIRTY TRICKS: HOW TO FIGHT BACK. Speak versity of Indiana at Bloomington: up by one Republican: "What's The CP is pursuing exactly the line ers: Mike Arnall, field secretary for the Political Rights "He said they had had a couple of money? Everyone has done that sort that led to the catastrophe in Chile Delense Fund; and others. Fri., Oct. 12, 8 p.m. 3311 demonstrations of 100 or so on the of thing one way or the other." reliance on the capitalist class and the Montrose. Donation: $1, h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Mili Nixon, meanwhile, apparently tant Forum. For more information call (713) 526-1082. campus already, and wanted to know good will of the armed forces, not on what to do to build a USLA chapter. didn't count on Agnew resisting the the mobilization of the working class LOS ANGELES "I suggested that they try to devel role of scapegoat. Now the president with its own program and its. own GALA BANQUET TO CELEBRATE THE 45TH ANNIVER op some kind of protests in which faces a dilemma. As R. W. Apple ex arms. SARY OF THE MILITANT. Sat., Dec. 1 1107 1/2 N. more of the students and faculty could plained in the Sept. 30 New York Western Ave. Gourmet meal, entertainment. Admis Times, "... the longer [Agnew] fights, sion: $6, students $4. For more information call (213) participate, not just the radical groups. Q: What plans do you have to con 464-9759. For instance, to organize a big pro adding to the already crippling effects tinue the work in defense of Chile? test meeting and try to get the presi of Watergate, the harder it will be for MINNEAPOLIS dent of the university, heads of de Mr. Nixon to redirect his own and the UNITED FARM WORKERS: CHICANO POWER. Speak A· We are going to call for the forma partments, and heads of student public's attention to the nation's other tion of a broad, united-front solidari ers: Tomas Padilla, UFWU organizer; Hank Scheer, business." · Socialist Workers Party candidate for 8th Ward. Fri., groups to speak, with articles in the ty committee. Our first task is to help Oct. 12, 8 p.m. 25 University Ave. S. E.. Fourth Floor. campus press." But the most serious challenge to the get exiles and political prisoners out Donation: $1, h.s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant Forum. "Another thing students can do," said White House may be yet to come. At For more information call (612) 3:la-7781. of Chile, and pressuring the Peronist Grinnon, "is press the universities to some point, the courts will have to de government to lend them aid. cide if Nixon should turn over his PHILADELPHIA offer jobs to Chilean refugees. When We, of course, have a big job of HIGH PRICES: WHO'S TO BLAME? Speaker: Stephanie the military took over in Argentina Watergate tapes to federal prosecutors. explaining the lessons of the coup, Coontz, Socialist Workers Party. Fri., Oct. 12, 8 p.m. The Agnew crisis has left the president in 1966, they purged the universities not only in Argentina, but within the University of Pennsylvania, Second Floor, Houston little room for maneuver in that event. just like they're doing now in Chile, Latin American vanguard. This ques Hall, 3714 Spruce St. Donation: $J, h.s. students 75c. The Oct. 8 Newsweek pictured the Ausp: Philadelphia Socialist Forum. For· more infor and many of these people were able tion wi).l be a big aspect of our propa problem in this way: "For a nation mation call (215) WAS-4316. to get out of the country and get jobs ganda and educational work in the already traumatized by the endless because of action taken at universi next period. ties in this country." scandal of Watergate, the prospect was Hundreds of students and professors appalling: in one thoroughly plausible at Indiana University extension in In scenario, the U. S. could have a Chief ... protests dianapolis have signed petitions de Executive in outright defiance of the Just published Continued from page 9 manding safety for Latin American law, a Vice President refusing to step "Revolutionary Strategy in the Ar In Chicago 250 people turned out political exiles in Chile; down even under the cloud of an in gentine Elections" is a newly-pub last week to hear Professor James Pet The local chapter of USLA in Cleve dictment, and an Administration alto lished 128-page bulletin on the gether too tarnished to function." ras speak on Chile at a meeting spon land found broad response to the ini March elections and the campaign sored by the Coalition in Support of tial national statement by USLA de of the PST and the Workers Front. Allende's Chile. Teach-ins have been manding, "End the terror of the It includes many articles and doc organized by professors groups at Chilean military dictatorship! Stop the uments reprinted from the PST's three university campuses in the Chi arrests and reprisals! Hands off the weekly newspaper Avanzada Social cago area, to take place in the coming political refugees! Free all Chilean po ista as well as reports and inter week. litical prisoners!" ... PST views from Intercontinental Press The third demonstration in Chicago This statement was signed by Alan Continued from page 13 and The Militant. This compilation since the coup is planned for Ocl 13 Davis, president of the City Club of the key centers were attended by dou is invaluable for understanding the at 1 p.m. at the federal building. It is Cleveland; Joseph LoConti, president ble the numbers in March. For ex background to the current situation sponsored by the Committee in Soli of Cleveland State University stu ample in Cordoba 500 came out last in Argentina. darity with the .Chilean People, USLA, dent government; Richard Nieber, March; this time more than 1,000 peo Order from National Education and others. vice-president of District 7 of the ple came to our rally. Department, Socialist Workers Par According to Frank Grinnon at the United Electrical. Workers union; Jo We sold more than 30,000 copies ty, 14 Charles Lane, New York, USLA national office, the teach-in and seph Haggerty, vice-chairman, Welfare of our newspaper Avanzada Socialis N.Y. 10014. $1.95 each. campus protest meeting has been one Rights Organization; and Roberta ta during the short campaign. Socialist Directory • ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Steve Shliveck, P.O. ILLINOIS: Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich. 48823. Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Box 890, Tempe, Ariz. 85281. N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: Mt. Pleasant: YSA, P. O.,Sox 98, Warriner Holl, CMU, Oncinnati, Ohio45232. Tel: (513) 242-9043. CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oaldand: SWP and YSA, 1849 SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. MI. Pleasant, Mich. 48858. Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave~ University Ave., Berkeley, Calif. 94703. Tel: (415) INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities MINNESOTA: Minneopali ..St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Oeveland, Ohio. 44103. Tel: SWP-(216) 391-5553, 548-0354. Desk, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. Labor Bookstore, 25 University Ave. S.E., Mpls. 55413. YSA-(216) 391-3278. Los Angelei: SWP and YSA, 1107 1/2 N. Western Indianapolis: YSA, c/o Jerry Crist, 3843 Washington Tel: (612) 332-7781. OREGON: Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stork, Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213) 463- Blvd., Indianapolis, Ind. 46205. St. Ooud: YSA, c/o Atwood Center, St. Cloud State Filth Floor, Portland, Ore. 97204. Tel: (503) 226-2715. 1917, YSA-(213) 463-1966. KANSAS: L-rence: YSA, c/o Christopher Starr, College, St. Cloud, Minn. 56301. PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Sacramento: YSA, c/o Darren Crown, 2321 'E' St., Dept. of Entomology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Fd bert St. (one block north of Market), Philadelphia, Sacramento, Calif. 95816. Tel: (916) 447-5242. Kans. 66045. Office, U of MissouPi at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Po. 19107. Tel: {215) WAS-4316. San Diego: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 4635 KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. Pittsburgh: SWP and YSA, P. 0. Sox 7353 Oakland El Colon Blvd., San Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: (714) Siation, Lexington, Ky. 40506. St. Louis: SWP and YSA, 4660 Maryland, Suite 17, Station, Pittsburgh, Po. 15213. Tel: (412) 422-8185. 280-1292. St. louis, Mo. 63108. Tel: (314) 367-2520. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, cfo Dave McKim, 2103 NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur TEXAS: Austin: YSA, SWP, Militant Bookstore, Harriet and Militant Books, 1519 Mission St., San Francisco, Belair Rd., Baltimore, Md. 21213. Tel: (301) 732-8996. College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. Tel: (607) 798-4142. Tubman Hall, 1801 Nueces, Austin, Texas 78701. Tel: Calif. 94103. Tel: (415) 864-9174. College Pork: YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Wil (512) 478-8602. San Jose: YSA, c/o Krista Zane, 514 1/2 San Benito College Park, Md. 20742. loughby), Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212) 596-2849. Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 Ave., Los Gatos, Calif. 95030. Tel: (408) 354-2373. MASSACHUSmS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, Long Island: YSA, P. 0. Sox 357, Roosevelt, L.l., N.Y. Montrose, Houston, Texas 77006. Tel: (713) 526-1082. Santo Barbara: YSA, 712 Bolton Walk '204, Goleta, U of Mass., Amherst, Moss. 01002. 11575. Tel: (516) FR9-0289. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P.O. Box 774, San Antonio, Calif. 93107. Boston: SWP ond YSA, c/o Militant Lobar Forum, New York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broad Texas 78202. COLORADO: Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Book 655 Atlantic Ave., Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. way (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. UTAH: Logan: YSA, P. 0. Box 1233, Utah StoteUniver slore, 1203 California, Denver, Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA-(617)482-8051;1ssues Tel: (212) 982-4966. sHy, Logan, Utah 84321. 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., 10:30 o. m.-7 p. m. and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) and Regional L-er Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP and YSA, 1345 E St. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, P.O. Box 1184, Horl Committee-(617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books-(617) 706 Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. N. W., Fourth Floor, Wash., D.C. 20004. Tel: SWP ford, Conn. 06101. Tel: (203) 523-7582. 338-8560. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA- (212) 982-6051; Merit BO.,ks (202) 783-2391; YSA-(202) 783-2363. FLORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Soroh Ryan, 1806 Worcester: YSA, P.O. Box 229, Greendale Station, (212) 982-5940. WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militarit Lake Bradford Rd., Tallahassee, Flo. 32304. Worcester, Moss. 01606. Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., Seattle, Wash. GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs (106th St.), New York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212) 663- 98105. Hrs. 11 a.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sot. Tel: (206) 523- St. N.E., Third Floor, ~tlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and Hall, 3737 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. 3000. 2555. YSA, P.O. Box 846, Atlahta, Ga. 30301. Tel: (404J Tel: (313) TEl-6135. · OHIO: Bowling Green; YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James Levitt, 145 523-0610. East Lansin9: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Uniqn Bldg. Green Stole University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. N. Butler, Madison, Wis. 53703. (608) 251-5716.

22 Read the October YOUNG SOCIALIST THE FAILURE OF THE POPULAR FRONT ~ .. the bulk of the collection deals with the crucial years 1936- 39 and with the roles of the Anarchists, the POUM, and the Stalin ists, and these are valuable for all students of the period."-- Choice. "Trotsky's writings on Spain are a model of revolutionary leader ship. . . . he tried to sketch out the main lines of the unfolding .HOW MUCH IS U.S. TO BLAME? situation, to make tactical and organizational proposals to the Spanish Marxists, and to provide the benefit of his own experience. . . . In Chile today the preliminary stages of the Spanish Revo lution are being relived, and the same disastrous policy of a Pop ALSO FEATURING: Case history of an ular Front nonsocialist government has been put into practice by undercover cop * The United Farm the Chilean Communist and Socialist parties."-- International So Workers boycott in los Angeles • In MILITANT SHOULDER BAG cialist Review. terview with Puerto Rican high school Order your Militant carrying bag to "By making these writings available to readers in the English leader * The struggle to save Black day! Bright yellow canvas bog with speaking world, Pathfinder Press has provided the new genera schools. red or block lettering. 19x12x9 tion of revolutionary socialists with a handbook discussing the inches deep, with strong· shoulder crucial questions posed in the struggle for socialism today."-- The strop. large enough to corry dozens Militant. Introduction by Les Evans. Glossary, Notes, Chronology, ) $1/6 months of Militants plus books, leaflets, etc. Index. 446 pp., $10.00, paper $3.95. ) $2/1 year Send me ( ) Militant shoulder bogs PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. Name: ______at $4 each. ( ) Red ( ) Black 10014 Tel. (212)741-0690. Enclosed is $ ____ Address:-----~tate:--Zip:- Nome ______Address------YOUNG SOCIALIST, P. 0. Box 471 City ______Cooper Sta., New York, N.Y. 10003. State _____ Zip _____ IN THE oct 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 INTERNATIONALSOCIAUST REVIEW Background to the Coup in Chile NEW YORK CITY------. BANQUE-r-DABABE-r UNlOAD Featuring NORMAN OLIVER, Socialist Workers Party candidate for mayor of New York City; EVA CHERTOV, SWP candidate for City Council, District 3; GEORGE NOVACK, author of Humanism dnd Socialism, Democracy and Rev olution; and guest speaker GEORGINA HOGGARD, Member of District 1 School Board. LA&: SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13. Refreshments, 5:30. Dinner 7:00. Rally, 8:00. Cabaret, 9:30. 706 BROADWAY (near 4th Street), Eighth Floor. Tickets $3.50. For more information, call (212) 982-6051. A March to Disaster on the'Peacefut Road' by Ernesto Gonzalez

Does capitalism--...... SUBSCRIBE.3 MOS.$1/lYR.$5 bug you? INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW, 14 CHARLES Join the LANE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10014. Young Now available Socialist January-June 1973 Militant Sell The bound volume and index, Alliance! I I $10.50. The Young Socialist Alliance is a multi-national revolutionary youth organiza Militant Index only, $1. tion. We stand for fundamentally changing society by fighting against racism, Help The Militant get around by tak The Militant, 14 Charles Lane, ing a regular weekly bundle to sell on sexism and the exploitation of working people. Our goal is a socialist society, your campus, at your job, or near democratically controlled by the majority of people- not by a handful of powerful New York, N.Y. 10014. where you live. The cost is 17 cents bankers and millionaires. We know that a better world is not only possible, but each, and we bill you at the end of is absolutely necessary. Join us in the fight. each month. I want to take a sales quota of __ . _I want to join the YSA. Calendar and classified ad rates: 75 Send me a weekly bundle of __. I want more information about the YSA. cents per line of 56-charader-wide type -Enclosed is $I for 6 months (6 issues) of the Young Socialist. wriHen copy. Display ad rates: $10 per Nome ______column inch ($7.50 if camera-ready ad is enclosed). Payment must be included Addres_s ______Address ------Nome with ads. The Militant is published each week on Friday. Deadlines for ad copy: City------City ______State------Friday, one week preceding publication, Zip ______Phone ______for classified and display ads; Wednes State Zip _____ day noon, two days preceding publica 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. tion, far calendar ads. Telephone: (212) YSA, Box 471 Cooper Station, N.Y., N.Y. 10003; (212) 989-7570 243-6392. 10014

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 12, 1973 23 ,. THE MILITANT

• new:c I come me to roost By CINDY JAQUITH zine pointed out: H the Maryland grand jury currently "... Agnew, as part of the Nixon investigating Spiro Agnew returns administration, knows better than most charges against him, it will be the that Peterson is hardly a sovereign first time in U.S. history that a vice agent, that Richardson by his own ad president has been federally indicted mission has been making the hard while in office. decisions on Agnew, and that Richard Moreover, it will be the frrst time a son reports to the man who put him vice-president has faced criminal in his job: Richard Nixon." Time called charges at the same time that the presi the situation a "harrowing spectacle of dent is widely believed to be guilty the President and Vice President of the of crimes. U.S., both under suspicionfordifferent "The nation is now passing through reasons, maneuvering against each as grave a crisis of leadership as other for survival." it has ever experienced," concluded the That seems to be the way the rest editors in the Sept. 30 New York of the population looks at it too. More Times. This "debilitating situation at than a third of the people now believe the summit of Government cannot long Nixon has been "unfair" to Agnew, continue," ·they warned. according to a Newsweek poll. At the The question on the minds of the same time, 58 percent are in favor Times editor and other spokesmen for of Agnew resigning if he is indicted. the U.S. ruling class is whether the This poll was little comfort to Agnew government can withstand the blow of last week as headlines across the coun an Agnew impeachment after all the try blared the rumors of his impending other Watergate-related scandals. resignation. The vice-president finally The fact that Agnew is now under· decided to take the rumors head-on. the gun is particularly embarrassing because of his carefully groomed 'I wiH not resignl' image as a "law and order" man. Agnew's arrogant response was de As the saying goes, chickens come livered in his speech at the Sept. 29 home to roost. conference of GOP women in Los The charges Agnew faces read like Angeles. "I will not resign if indicted, an indictment of a crime syndicate I will not resign if indicted!" the vice chief: bribery, kickbacks, extortion, president declared. fraud, and conspiracy. According to In the meantime, W. Clement Stone Assistant Attorney General Henry -the man who gave $2-million to Peterson, "We've got the evidence. Nixon's 1972 campaign-announced We've .got it cold." . the formation of the Agnew Defense Fund. 'Kangaroo trial' But even fat cats like Stone may not In an effort to defend himself, the be able to bail the vice-president out. vice-president wails that "publication Agnew's options have been significant of distortions and half truths" about ly narrowed. him have led to "a cruel form ofkan When his negotiations with the Jus garoo trial in the media." His lawyers tice Department broke down, the vice say the numberous leaks about his president went to the House of Repre case will prevent Agnew from receiving sentatives demanding an investigation a fair trial. of the charges against him. Agnew ap While Agnew has supporters in the parently hoped that the Democrats right wing of the Republican Party, controlling the House would be too there has also been a chorus ofliberals timid to impeach him, thus ending the speaking out for the vice-president's case. "rights." But for reasons of their own, the Senator Edward Kennedy(D-Mass.), Democrats don't want to touch his for example, has called for an end to Now the squeeze is on Spiro case with -a 10-foot pole. From a "the deliberate campaign of abuse" purely partisan point of view, if against Agnew. Kennedy, no doubt Agnew stays in office the Democrats with his eye on the '76 campaign, Berrigan brothers when J. Edgar General Richardson offered to ignore have a better chance of winning the says the vice-president "deserves the Hoover charged them with plotting some of the bribery. charges against 1976 elections.. nation's respect for his demeanor in to kidnap Henry Kissinger several Agnew if he would plead guilty to a John Connally's sudden burst of this unprecedented·situation." months before the antiwar activists lesser charge. The vice-president's law speaking engagements no doubt has This sudden concern for civil liber were indicted on these frame-up yers, however, held out for dropping the Democrats worried that he may ties on the part of some liberals and charges. all the charges in return for Agnew's soon be in the No. 2 spot. That possi conservatives is pure hypocrisy. But the Watergate revelations have resignation. bility was obviously in the back of As Black Congressman Charles demonstrated that when radicals are This was too much for the Justice Robert Strauss's mind when the Demo Rangel (D-N. Y.) pointed out, "The on trial, the gove.rnment goes much Department to concede. In the wake cratic National Committee chairman vice-president claims he cannot receive further than denunciations in the press. of Watergate, they are afraid to give urged Nixon to nominate a "nonpresi a fair trial in the federal courts of our Wiretapping, burglary, bribery, and the slighest impression of a cover-up. dential" replacement if Agnew leaves great land . . . this appears to violate other illegal tactics are all part of the The vice-president has hotly denied office. the law and order concepts under "fair trial" that defendants like Daniel that he engaged in plea bargaining, which hewas elected." Ellsberg or the Gainesville Eight have since it weakens the main prop in his Democrats Indeed, the vice-president's past received. defense- the contention that Assistant But a deeper reason for the Demo record on pretrial leaks by his col Attorney General Henry Peterson is crats' unwillingness to start impeach leagues is far from impressive. When Kid gloves out to get him. ment proceedings now is a fear of the Nixon publicly accused Angela Davis In contrast to the way the govern Of course Agnew's attack on Peter snowballing effect. Already some of of terrorism after her arrest, Agnew ment treats radical defendants, the vice son is only a delicate way of saying those named in the charges along with did not speak out about "fair trials." president is being handled with kid that he thinks Nixon is -the one pulling Agnew are Democrats. A full-scale Nor did he defend the rights of the gloves. It is now known that Attorney the strings. As the Oct. 8 Time maga- Continued on page 22