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Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Final Report

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Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Final Report Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Final Report Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Report Final Report September 2008 Ruth Beckley Caput House, Old Beaconsfield Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Final Report Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 I DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................... 6 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ............................................................................................ 6 1.2 Aims ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2 Setting ............................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Location, Topography & Geology ............................................................................................ 7 2.2 Wider Landscape ..................................................................................................................... 7 3 Brief History of Settlement.............................................................................................................. 8 4 Evidence.......................................................................................................................................... 18 4.1 Historic Maps.......................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 Documentary Evidence .......................................................................................................... 18 4.3 Built Heritage.......................................................................................................................... 18 4.4 Archaeological Evidence........................................................................................................ 22 4.5 Environmental Evidence ........................................................................................................ 22 5 Archaeological & Historical Development................................................................................... 23 5.1 Prehistoric period (c.10,000 BC – AD 43).............................................................................. 23 5.2 Roman synthesis and components (AD 43 – 410) ................................................................ 23 5.3 Saxon synthesis and components (AD 410 – 1066).............................................................. 24 5.4 Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 24 5.5 Medieval synthesis and components (1066-1536) ................................................................ 24 5.6 Post medieval synthesis and components (1536-1800) ........................................................ 27 5.7 Modern synthesis and components Old Town (1800-Present).............................................. 31 5.8 Modern synthesis and components New Town (1900-Present)............................................ 32 6 Historic Urban Zones..................................................................................................................... 43 6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 43 6.2 Historic Urban Zones ............................................................................................................. 43 6.3 Archaeological Assessment................................................................................................... 43 6.4 Historic Settlement ................................................................................................................. 45 6.5 Modern Settlement................................................................................................................. 46 II ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 49 7 Summary and Potential ................................................................................................................. 49 7.1 Conservation Areas (CA) ....................................................................................................... 49 7.2 Historic Character .................................................................................................................. 50 7.3 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 50 7.4 Archaeological notification areas ........................................................................................... 50 7.5 Archaeological Potential......................................................................................................... 51 7.6 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 51 8 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................. 51 8.1 Conservation Area Appraisals................................................................................................ 51 8.2 Registered Parks and Gardens.............................................................................................. 51 8.3 Archaeological Notification Areas .......................................................................................... 51 8.4 Scheduled Ancient Monuments ............................................................................................. 51 III RESEARCH AGENDA................................................................................................................. 52 9 Research Agenda ........................................................................................................................... 52 10 Bibliography................................................................................................................................53 10.1 Map Sources .......................................................................................................................... 53 10.2 Trade Directories.................................................................................................................... 53 10.3 Books ..................................................................................................................................... 53 10.4 Websites................................................................................................................................. 54 11 Addresses ................................................................................................................................... 54 12 Appendix 1: Chronology & Glossary of Terms ....................................................................... 55 12.1 Chronology (taken from Unlocking Buckinghamshire’s Past Website).................................. 55 12.2 Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................................. 55 13 Appendix 1: HER Records ......................................................................................................... 57 13.1 Monuments HER Report........................................................................................................ 57 13.2 Landscapes HER Reports...................................................................................................... 58 13.3 Find Spots .............................................................................................................................. 58 13.4 Listed Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 58 14 Appendix 4: Trade Listings and Population Data ................................................................... 62 15 Appendix 5: Historical Consultancy Report ............................................................................ 64 2 Beaconsfield Historic Town Assessment Final Report List of Illustrations Figure 1: Graph showing population changes in Beaconsfield (excluding 1941 & 1981)......................... 9 Figure 2: Beaconsfield location ............................................................................................................... 11 Figure 3: Geology of town (BGS) ............................................................................................................ 12 Figure 4: Diagram of Connections from Beaconsfield (representational only)........................................ 13 Figure 5: Town in the wider historic landscape using routes and Bucks HLC ........................................ 14 Figure 6: Dispersed settlement around Beaconsfield ............................................................................. 15 Figure 7: Town in the 1880s to 1920s ..................................................................................................... 16 Figure 8: Town in the post war to modern period...................................................................................
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