To Flood Fight?
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Portland District When Floods Become Fun Again “Resilient Communities Respond” OEMA 2010 Conference “Community Resiliency - Preparing to Recover” Hood River, Oregon D. Leslie Miller, P.E. Flood Preparedness Program Manager BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Fighting Floods – “So what” Factor…. March 2008 Cape Girardeau, MO successful flood fight – raised levee height with sandbags May 2001 Davenport, IA successful sandbagging flood fight of John O-Donnell Stadium May 2002 Crystal City, MO successful sandbagging flood fight of Dairy Queen BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District PERSPECTIVE! The following presentation attempts to compare the fun and excitement we had playing in the sandbox (or other favorite activity) with our friends… to the exhilaration our communities will experience as friends, protecting lives, homes, livelihoods and communities from FLOOD’S DISTRUCTIVE AFFECTS… because we do it together as friends…what is the similarity between: - Tonka Toys & Sand Forms & Plastic Shovels vs. Trucks & Earth Moving Equipment & Flood Fighting Tools - Sand boxes & Beaches vs. Homes & Communities - Play vs. Response friends playing together is fun… BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Developing Perspective Playing in the sand with our friends built our imagination, friendships and character, while having so much fun Competing in sports and student government, restoring a jalopy, attaining Gold or Eagle Rank developed our imagination, friendships and character, making them so rewarding Executing a flood fight that is well designed, planned and practiced before the next major flood occurs stimulates our imagination, friendships and character, making the commitment so revitalizing Multi-organizational efforts to prevent repeat flood damage to our public facilities, infrastructure, local economy and homes utilizes our imaginations, establishes and strengthens friendships, and utilizes our character to overcome...yes…overcome challenges, making life exhilarating Flood fighting is intended to reduce flood recovery’s horrible realities until permanent flood mitigation eliminates recovery…90% of flood damage in the United States, is in less than 3 feet of water…you’re already visualizing what this means in your own jurisdiction…aren’t you…. BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Response is Basic Why Where What When How Who BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Basics –Flood Fight Design & Plan…. • Why – Protect Our Friends (Homes, Jobs, Taxes, Community) • Where - Specific location & access (Real Estate agreements) • What - Coordinated Emergency Operations • When – Site specific triggering • How - Collaborative design • Who – Friends who bring resources and “own” their roles responsibilities • A thorough plan will cover preparation, prevention, response and recovery (removal of the barrier not “mucking” out mud from homes and businesses) BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Why and Where Require Tough Decisions • Warn and Evacuate Only – Flood Fight not economical – Insufficient time to place a barrier or channel • Flood Fight Priorities – Highest life safety – Highest public benefit (government & non-government organizations) – Highest economic impact (livelihoods & taxes) – Highest residential impact (homes, employees & culture) – Highest environmental impacts (hazardous materials, human detritus and sensitive biomes of endangered species) – All priorities are contingent upon a realistic capability to execute • Policy & Assumptions must be included for the overarching and site specific flood fight planning for neighborhoods, business/industrial districts, special districts (fire, levee, etc.); community, county and state infrastructure; private utilities BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Why “choose” to flood fight? Why? • “Personal” action driven by conscience, professional ethic or spiritual convictions • “Essential” action to save life and sustain our community (public buildings, roads and utilities) • “Right-good” action to protect neighbor (homes and neighborhoods; faith, service and cultural facilities) • “Necessary” action to protect our livelihoods (businesses, industry, government) • “Important” action to sustain our environment (health and quality of life – human and nature) • “Sick and tired” of the damage, clean-up, impact to my life, livelihood and community…also, unmet recovery assistance expectations BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Where to design and plan a flood fight? • Where permanent flood mitigation takes years to complete • Where previous last minute “spontaneous” flood fight efforts did not meet expectations: – Unsuccessful because the effort started too late for the resources available – “Shooting from the hip” decisions and management caused confusion resulting in ineffective use of resources – “First come first serve” resource allocation prevented resources from reaching higher priority sites BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Where to design and plan a flood fight; even more reasons? • Where flood science, history and anecdotal accounts combine to form a cost, time and resource effective : – flood fight design and plan (scope, schedule and resources) – preparedness program (updating, training, exercising, stockpiling) – collaborative vision (benefits of damages prevented and alternate uses of resources) • Where the chance of successful flood damage reduction can increase from 10% to 80% by a rehearsed flood fight • Where it provides the stimulus needed to enlist individuals, community, state, regional and national organizations to combine forces to rehearse a successful flood fight BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District What must be included in the barrier’s/channel’s design? • Location – Available footprint (length and width) – Foundation (paved, soil, rock) • Height – Water depth plus 6 inches for no/meandering current – Water depth plus 1 foot for current • Access – Placing (every 100’ or less best for sandbagging) – Ingress and egress – Maintaining – Seepage management BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District When is the flood fight triggered? • Available Time – River/reservoir forecast – current gage height, peak and rate of rise (NWS) – Time difference extrapolated to flood fight site – Alerted by NWS and/or Emergency Operations Center management systems • Flood Fight Actions – Watch/Warning – Emergency Declaration process – local and outside augmentation – Flood fight site preparation – Mobilizing resources – supplies, equipment, people and support – Placement • Factors – Weather – Night – Weekend/Holiday/Trail Blazer or Bowl Game – Plan rehearsed in last three years with all critical partners • Time required = sum of Actions multiplied by Factors • Assumption: Adjusted for actual conditions for “Real Event” BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Who can provide the following resources? • People • Equipment – Leadership – Communication – Management – Office – Administration – Construction – Filling – Technical/Professional – Transportation – Tradesman • Facilities – Labors – Management • Supplies – Operations – Sand, Sandbags, Plastic – Logistics – Earth and Rock – Medical – Lumber – Care & Feeding – New Technology BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Who do these resources come from? • Citizen Volunteers • State Government • Continuity of Operations/Business – Emergency Management • Business & Industry – Public works – Chamber of Commerce – Safety, fire & health • Special Districts, City & County – Water Resources Government – Natural Resources – Levee & fire districts Mineral, flora & fauna – Planning Departments – Military – Public Works & Engineering – Climatologist – Port Authorities • Federal Government – Emergency Services – NOAA, NWS & USGS – Schools • Non governmental organizations – DOD & BOR – United Way – NRCS, BLM, USFS & USF&W – Faith based – FEMA & USCG – Social & Youth BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Who makes up a planning & response team? • Collaborative Design & Planning = Collaborative Response & Recovery • Everyone who is a player during the response and recovery must “own” the design and plan, especially their role and responsibilities • When resources are tight, retirees and volunteers can be selected to form a “Flood Fight Design and Planning Team” BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District How can the barrier/channel be built? • First design and plan a sandbag barrier/channel • Second design and plan a barrier with one or more of the following tools: – Sandbag filling tools – Baskets – Geotechnical Grids – Impervious Fabrics – Water Filled Bladders – Water Weighted Floaters – Barricades – Agricultural Products and Containers • Third include seepage management and the need for pumps BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Flood-Fighting Structures Demonstration and Evaluation Program • US Army Corps of Engineers • Engineering Research and Development Center • Laboratory and Field Testing in Vicksburg, Mississippi • ERDC TR-07-3 Report – July 2007 • Evaluated 4 foot high level of protection: – Sandbag Levee – Hesco Bastion Concertainer Levee – Rapid Deployment Flood Wall (RDFW) – Portadam Levee BUILDING STRONG SM Portland District Sandbagging • Most flexible and commonly used method • Standard for measuring other systems • Bags made of plastic, burlap and cotton • Standard size is 14”X26” • Filled one-half (30 lbs) to two-thirds (40 lbs) • Untied, tied, flap folded under or not • Three stage operation: fill, transport & place • Fill stage: receive, hold, fill and remove • Bags can be used to hold items in place • Corps test results: – Labor intensive – 3 person team fills