Bulletin De Liaison Et D'information

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Bulletin De Liaison Et D'information INSTITUT KURD E DE PARIS Bulletin de liaison et d’information N°382 JANVIER 2017 La publication de ce Bulletin bénéficie de subventions des Ministères français des Affaires étrangères et de la Culture ————— Ce bulletin paraît en français et anglais Prix au numéro : France: 6 € — Etranger : 7,5 € Abonnement annuel (12 numéros) France : 60 € — Etranger : 75 € Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Maquette et mise en page : Şerefettin ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01- 48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01- 48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: [email protected] Bulletin de liaison et d’information de l’Institut kurde de Paris N° 382 janvier 2017 • ROJAVA: MALGRÉ LA PRÉSENCE MILITAIRE TURQUE ET LES INCERTITUDES DIPLOMATIQUES, LES FDS POURSUIVENT LEUR AVANCÉE VERS RAQQA • KURDISTAN D’IRAK: DAECH RECULE À MOSSOUL, TENSIONS INTERNES AU KURDISTAN COMME EN IRAK • TURQUIE: JOURNALISTES, ÉCRIVAINS, ENSEI - GNANTS, ÉLUS HDP… LA RÉPRESSION GÉNÉRALI - SÉE, AVANT-GOÛT DE LA NOUVELLE CONSTITU - TION ? • TURQUIE: LE CO-PRÉSIDENT DU HDP RÉCUSE À SON PROCÈS TOUT APPEL À LA VIOLENCE ET ACCUSE LES DIRIGEANTS AKP D’ÊTRE RESPON - SABLES DU BAIN DE SANG ROJAVA: MALGRÉ LA PRÉSENCE MILITAIRE TURQUE ET LES INCERTITUDES DIPLOMA - TIQUES, LES FDS POURSUIVENT LEUR AVANCÉE VERS RAQQA ’opération turque «Bouclier allié principal en Syrie la Turquie Times révélait que la Turquie avait de l’Euphrate» s’est pour - plutôt que les Forces démocra - systématiquement retardé l'appro - suivie dans le nord de la tiques syriennes, dont le noyau est bation des missions aériennes L Syrie, notamment l’at - constitué des YPG, les combattants américaines décollant de la base… taque sur al-Bab, tenue kurdes du PYD (Parti de l’union Reflétant l’évolution complexe des par Daech, mais où l’armée turque démocratique), l’ennemi quasi- relations politiques entre Turquie, veut surtout devancer les obsessionnel de M. Erdoğan. Le 5, coalition anti-Daech et Russie, Kurdes… Le 4, Peter Cook, porte- le porte-parole de la présidence celle-ci a annoncé le 19 que 9 jets parole du Pentagone, a annoncé turque, Ibrahim Kalın, a demandé russes avaient pour la première que la coalition anti-Daech avait en direct sur Kanal 24 pourquoi les fois la veille coopéré avec les envoyé des avions soutenir les Etats-Unis, «qui utilisent la base avions turcs pour frapper Daech Turcs au-dessus d’al-Bab… sans d’Incirlik», n’ont pas soutenu «leur dans la banlieue d'al-Bab. Le 30, le opérer de frappes. Les autorités allié au sein de l’OTAN» par des président Erdoğan a déclaré que turques ne décolèrent pas de ce frappes aériennes. Le message les opérations turques dans le qu’elles considèrent comme un était clair: Incirlik contre un nord syrien se termineraient une manque de soutien des Etats-Unis meilleur soutien aux opérations fois al-Bab prise, une inflexion dans leur assaut sur la ville. Elles turques. Le 17, alors qu’un porte- dans un discours officiel selon espèrent que la nouvelle adminis - parole de la coalition annonçait lequel jusqu’à présent forces tration américaine choisira comme des frappes sur al-Bab, le New York turques et rebelles alliés attaque - • 2 • Bulletin de liaison et d’information n° 382 • janvier 2017 raient ensuite Manbij, prise par les n’a jamais hésité à interrompre les attaque sur Deir es-Zor depuis un FDS à Daech le 13 août dernier. fleuves naissant chez elle pour faire an, coupant un aéroport stratégique Mais l'armée turque s’est embour - pression sur ses voisins… du territoire tenu par le gouverne - bée devant al-Bab durant plusieurs ment et obligeant le régime, qui tient semaines, perdant 65 hommes, et La présence militaire turque, même la ville, à utiliser des frappes les analystes doutaient qu’elle se si elle constitue un danger évident aériennes. La province de Deir es- risque à avancer plus au sud (au pour les FDS, ne les pas empêchées Zor est en majorité tenue par Daech, risque de se confronter à l’armée de poursuivre avec le soutien de la mais les djihadistes assiègent en vain syrienne) avant de connaître la coalition internationale leur propre sa capitale depuis 2014. position de l’administration opération «Colère de l’Euphrate» Trump vis-à-vis des FDS. Le contre Raqqa, la «capitale» syrienne Toutes ces opérations militaires se Premier ministre turc Binali de Daech. Le «ministre de sont déroulées sur fond d’impor - Yıldırım a cependant déclaré le 28 l'Économie» de Daech a même été tants changements diplomatiques que la Turquie continuerait à frap - tué dans une opération kurdo-amé - dominés par l’initiative turco-russe per les YPG et le PYD. ricaine sur Kibir, entre Raqqa et Deir de «parrainage» d’une trêve nationa - ez-Zor, tandis que les FDS repous - le au 30 décembre consacrant l’ex - Les Turcs n’ont pas limité leurs opé - saient 3 jours d’attaques djihadistes clusion de fait des Occidentaux, en rations en Syrie à al-Bab. Selon plu - sur Swede, un village à l’ouest de la pleine transition politique américai - sieurs communiqués des YPG datés province de Raqqa, pris par les FDS ne. Malgré ses déclarations rassu - de début janvier, ils ont bombardé le en décembre et considéré comme rantes, l’administration du Rojava 30 décembre quatre villages à l’est stratégique pour les mouvements de peut légitimement s’inquiéter, et il de Kobanê et deux autres à l’est de Daech. Le 7, l’OSDH a annoncé que est significatif que le co-président du Manbij, faisant 3 morts et 15 blessés, les FDS avaient pris le château de PYD, Salih Muslim, ait déclaré que tous civils, et le 3 janvier, dans le Jaabar, sur la rive du lac Assad, à «les différents pouvoirs politiques canton de Djéziré, loin à l’est, 3 héli - seulement 4 km du barrage de kurdes [devaient] se coordonner», coptères ont pénétré au Rojava pour Tabqa. Selon les rapports de rensei - appelant à la tenue d’une conférence bombarder des villages entre al- gnement, Daech aurait commencé à «inter-kurde». Malikiyah et Çil Axa, tandis que des évacuer vers Raqqa les prisonniers troupes au sol occupaient la région incarcérés à Tabqa. Le vendredi 13, Ajoutant à l’incertitude, le «processus de Terbe Spiye, à l’est de Al- les FDS ont annoncé avoir repris turco-russe» s’est rapidement enlisé. Qahtaniya. La base aérienne de depuis le début de la deuxième Le 31 décembre, le Conseil de sécurité Rmeilan, où sont stationnés phase de leur opération 133 villages des Nations-Unies a bien soutenu quelques centaines de militaires dans l’ouest de la province, et ont l’initiative à l’unanimité, mais dès le 3 américains, se trouve à une vingtai - publié le 17 des statistiques selon janvier, une dizaine de groupes ne de kilomètres à l’est. Et dans lesquelles 2480 km² ont été libérés, rebelles ont suspendu leurs pourpar - Jerablous qu’elle occupe depuis l’été, 260 terroristes de Daech tués et 40 lers avec le gouvernement en raison la Turquie a créé une force de police voitures piégées neutralisées. Le 31, de ses violations du cessez-le-feu: pro-turque, comme pour assurer une le Pentagone a pour la première fois celui-ci ne cesse en effet de bombarder présence longue… fourni aux FDS des véhicules blin - la vallée stratégique de la Barada qui dés, dont les YPG ont pris soin de fournit Damas en eau. Le 16, plusieurs L’armée turque ne respecte pas plus déclarer qu’ils étaient allés aux com - groupes rebelles ont annoncé leur par - les ressources des territoires syriens battants arabes et non kurdes. Le ticipation aux pourparlers entre régi - qu’elle occupe que les villes kurdes porte-parole des YPG pour l’opéra - me et opposition impulsés par les de son propre pays: selon plusieurs tion sur Raqqa, Talal Silo, a déclaré Russes, les Turcs et les Iraniens à médias kurdes de Syrie, elle a coupé que c’était le signe d’un soutien plus Astana au Kazakhstan le 23 janvier. Le sur des terres privées 2.717 oliviers important de la nouvelle administra - 21, le Département d’Etat américain a près du village de Qarmatlaq, dans tion américaine aux FDS. indiqué qu’il ne serait pas présent en la province de Sheyeh, pour prépa - raison du changement d’administra - rer la construction de la longue bar - Daech reste un ennemi déterminé: le tion en cours. Mais ces pourparlers ne rière qu’elle érige entre Kurdistan 4, il a attaqué le QG des YPG au sud semblent s’être tenus qu’en raison des turc et syrien. Déjà, l’an dernier, la de la ville d’Hassakeh, faisant des fortes pressions exercées par leurs Turquie s’était attaquée à l’agricultu - dizaines de morts parmi les combat - sponsors étrangers sur leurs clients re du canton d’Afrîn en coupant sa tants, sans pourtant réussir à syriens et n’ont finalement donné principale ressource en eau, la reprendre les positions perdues un aucun résultat politique tangible. Le Rivière Noire, un affluent de an plus tôt. Puis le 14, après avoir 23, l’Armée syrienne libre a rejeté l’Oronte prenant sa source dans les renforcé ses troupes, l’organisation a l’exigence du gouvernement que les Monts Kartal. On sait que la Turquie lancé selon l’OSDH sa plus violente groupes d’opposition participant aux n° 382 • janvier 2017 Bulletin de liaison et d’information • 3• discussions déposent les armes, et a ou Genève IV, n’avaient aucune l'étudier, et que le PYD devait pou - indiqué que sa délégation n’aborderait chance d’aboutir à un règlement.
Recommended publications
  • Post-ISIS States by Dr
    Background Report V: 14 March 2017 Post-ISIS States by Dr. Gina Lennox Kurdish Lobby Australia Email: [email protected] T: (02) 649 40079 (Dr. Gina Lennox) Mobile: 0433 227 977 (Zirian Fatah) PO Box 181, Strathfield, NSW, 2135 Website: www.kurdishlobbyaustralia.com Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3 Iraq .............................................................................................................................. 3 Government of Iraq (GoI).................................................................................................... 3 Mosul offensive .................................................................................................................. 5 IDP/Refugee crisis ..................................................................................................................... 9 Turkey’s intentions in Nineveh ................................................................................................. 9 Post-ISIS Nineveh .................................................................................................................... 10 Kirkuk ............................................................................................................................... 10 ISIS threats elsewhere ....................................................................................................... 11 Kurdistan Region of Iraq ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Birth of Al-Wahabi Movement and Its Historical Roots
    The classification markings are original to the Iraqi documents and do not reflect current US classification. Original Document Information ~o·c·u·m·e·n~tI!i#~:I~S=!!G~Q~-2!110~0~3~-0~0~0~4'!i66~5~9~"""5!Ii!IlI on: nglis Title: Correspondence, dated 24 Sep 2002, within the General Military Intelligence irectorate (GMID), regarding a research study titled, "The Emergence of AI-Wahhabiyyah ovement and its Historical Roots" age: ARABIC otal Pages: 53 nclusive Pages: 52 versized Pages: PAPER ORIGINAL IRAQI FREEDOM e: ountry Of Origin: IRAQ ors Classification: SECRET Translation Information Translation # Classification Status Translating Agency ARTIAL SGQ-2003-00046659-HT DIA OMPLETED GQ-2003-00046659-HT­ FULL COMPLETED VTC TC Linked Documents I Document 2003-00046659 ISGQ-~2~00~3~-0~0~04~6~6~5~9-'7':H=T~(M~UI:7::ti""=-p:-a"""::rt~)-----------~II • cmpc-m/ISGQ-2003-00046659-HT.pdf • cmpc-mIlSGQ-2003-00046659.pdf GQ-2003-00046659-HT-NVTC ·on Status: NOT AVAILABLE lation Status: NOT AVAILABLE Related Document Numbers Document Number Type Document Number y Number -2003-00046659 161 The classification markings are original to the Iraqi documents and do not reflect current US classification. Keyword Categories Biographic Information arne: AL- 'AMIRI, SA'IO MAHMUO NAJM Other Attribute: MILITARY RANK: Colonel Other Attribute: ORGANIZATION: General Military Intelligence Directorate Photograph Available Sex: Male Document Remarks These 53 pages contain correspondence, dated 24 Sep 2002, within the General i1itary Intelligence Directorate (GMID), regarding a research study titled, "The Emergence of I-Wahhabiyyah Movement and its Historical Roots".
    [Show full text]
  • Security Council Distr.: General 8 January 2013
    United Nations S/2012/401 Security Council Distr.: General 8 January 2013 Original: English Identical letters dated 4 June 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council Upon instructions from my Government, and following my letters dated 16 to 20 and 23 to 25 April, 7, 11, 14 to 16, 18, 21, 24, 29 and 31 May, and 1 and 4 June 2012, I have the honour to attach herewith a detailed list of violations of cessation of violence that were committed by armed groups in Syria on 3 June 2012 (see annex). It would be highly appreciated if the present letter and its annex could be circulated as a document of the Security Council. (Signed) Bashar Ja’afari Ambassador Permanent Representative 13-20354 (E) 170113 210113 *1320354* S/2012/401 Annex to the identical letters dated 4 June 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council [Original: Arabic] Sunday, 3 June 2012 Rif Dimashq governorate 1. On 2/6/2012, from 1600 hours until 2000 hours, an armed terrorist group exchanged fire with law enforcement forces after the group attacked the forces between the orchards of Duma and Hirista. 2. On 2/6/2012 at 2315 hours, an armed terrorist group detonated an explosive device in a civilian vehicle near the primary school on Jawlan Street, Fadl quarter, Judaydat Artuz, wounding the car’s driver and damaging the car.
    [Show full text]
  • Financial Sanctions Notice 06/10/2016
    Financial Sanctions Notice 06/10/2016 Syria Introduction 1. Council Regulation (EU) 36/2012 (“the Regulation”) imposing financial sanctions against Syria has been amended so that an asset freeze no longer applies to the individuals listed in the Annex to this Notice. 2. Identifying information for the individuals listed in the Annex to this Notice has also been amended. Notice summary (Full details are provided in the Annex to this Notice) 3. The following individuals have been removed from the consolidated list and are no longer subject to an asset freeze. IKHTIYAR, Hisham (Group ID: 11930) AL-ASSAD, Anisa (Group ID: 12633) AL FREIJ, Fahd (Group ID: 12763) 4. Eighteen individuals have had their identifying information amended and are still subject to an asset freeze (see Annex for details). What you must do 5. You must: i. check whether you maintain any accounts or hold any funds or economic resources for the persons set out in the Annex to this Notice; 1 ii. freeze such accounts, and other funds or assets; iii. refrain from dealing with the funds or assets or making them available to such persons unless licensed by the Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI); iv. report any findings to OFSI, together with any additional information that would facilitate compliance with the Regulation; v. provide any information concerning the frozen assets of designated persons that OFSI may request. Information reported to OFSI may be passed on to other regulatory authorities or law enforcement. 6. Where a relevant institution has already reported details of accounts, other funds or economic resources held frozen for designated persons, they are not required to report these details again.
    [Show full text]
  • Iran COI Compilation September 2013
    Iran COI Compilation September 2013 ACCORD is co-funded by the European Refugee Fund, UNHCR and the Ministry of the Interior, Austria. Commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Division of International Protection. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author. ACCORD - Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation Iran COI Compilation September 2013 This report serves the specific purpose of collating legally relevant information on conditions in countries of origin pertinent to the assessment of claims for asylum. It is not intended to be a general report on human rights conditions. The report is prepared on the basis of publicly available information, studies and commentaries within a specified time frame. All sources are cited and fully referenced. This report is not, and does not purport to be, either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, or conclusive as to the merits of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Every effort has been made to compile information from reliable sources; users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. © Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD An electronic version of this report is available on www.ecoi.net. Austrian Red Cross/ACCORD Wiedner Hauptstraße 32 A- 1040 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 58 900 – 582 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.redcross.at/accord ACCORD is co-funded by the European Refugee Fund, UNHCR and the Ministry of the Interior, Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender in the Representations of an Armed Conflict: Kurdish Female Combatants in French and British Medias
    Gender in the representations of an armed conflict: Kurdish female combatants in French and British medias Toivanen, M. and Baser, B. Author accepted manuscript deposited in Coventry University Repository Original citation: Toivanen, M. and Baser, B. (2016) Gender in the representations of an armed conflict: Kurdish female combatants in French and British medias Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication (9) 3, 294 – 314. DOI: 10.1163/18739865-00903007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-00903007 Brill Academic Publishers Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Gender in the representations of an armed conflict: Kurdish female combatants in French and British media PhD, Academy of Finland Postdoctoral Research Fellow Researcher, Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen Center for Peace, Trust and Social University of Turku, Finland Relations EHESS, France Coventry University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract. The Syrian civil war has been without doubt the most widely covered war by the international media in this millennium. Having engaged in an armed combat against the IS, the Kurdish military troops, especially the female battalion, have received considerable media attention internationally. This study examines the gender dimension of media representations in national media outlets of Kurdish female combatants belonging to the Protection Units (YPJ) in Syria.
    [Show full text]
  • Operation Euphrates Shield: Implementation and Lessons Learned Lessons and Implementation Shield: Euphrates Operation
    REPORT REPORT OPERATION EUPHRATES SHIELD: IMPLEMENTATION OPERATION AND LESSONS LEARNED EUPHRATES MURAT YEŞILTAŞ, MERVE SEREN, NECDET ÖZÇELIK The report presents a one-year assessment of the Operation Eu- SHIELD phrates Shield (OES) launched on August 24, 2016 and concluded on March 31, 2017 and examines Turkey’s future road map against the backdrop of the developments in Syria. IMPLEMENTATION AND In the first section, the report analyzes the security environment that paved the way for OES. In the second section, it scrutinizes the mili- tary and tactical dimensions and the course of the operation, while LESSONS LEARNED in the third section, it concentrates on Turkey’s efforts to establish stability in the territories cleansed of DAESH during and after OES. In the fourth section, the report investigates military and political MURAT YEŞILTAŞ, MERVE SEREN, NECDET ÖZÇELIK lessons that can be learned from OES, while in the fifth section, it draws attention to challenges to Turkey’s strategic preferences and alternatives - particularly in the north of Syria - by concentrating on the course of events after OES. OPERATION EUPHRATES SHIELD: IMPLEMENTATION AND LESSONS LEARNED LESSONS AND IMPLEMENTATION SHIELD: EUPHRATES OPERATION ANKARA • ISTANBUL • WASHINGTON D.C. • KAHIRE OPERATION EUPHRATES SHIELD IMPLEMENTATION AND LESSONS LEARNED COPYRIGHT © 2017 by SETA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, without permission in writing from the publishers. SETA Publications 97 ISBN: 978-975-2459-39-7 Layout: Erkan Söğüt Print: Turkuvaz Haberleşme ve Yayıncılık A.Ş., İstanbul SETA | FOUNDATION FOR POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Nenehatun Caddesi No: 66 GOP Çankaya 06700 Ankara TURKEY Tel: +90 312.551 21 00 | Fax :+90 312.551 21 90 www.setav.org | [email protected] | @setavakfi SETA | İstanbul Defterdar Mh.
    [Show full text]
  • Security Council Distr.: General 2 August 2012
    United Nations S/2012/572 Security Council Distr.: General 2 August 2012 Original: English Identical letters dated 24 July 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council Upon instructions from my Government, and following my letters dated 16-20 and 23-25 April, 7, 11, 14-16, 18, 21, 24, 29 and 31 May, 1, 4, 6, 7, 11, 19, 20, 25, 27 and 28 June, 2, 3, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17 and 24 July, I have the honour to transmit herewith a detailed list of violations of cessation of violence that were committed by armed groups in Syria on 17 July 2012 (see annex). It would be highly appreciated if the present letter and its annex could be circulated as a document of the Security Council. (Signed) Bashar Ja’afari Ambassador Permanent Representative 12-45048 (E) 100812 130812 *1245048* S/2012/572 Annex to the identical letters dated 24 July 2012 from the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council [Original: Arabic] Tuesday, 17 July 2012 Rif Dimashq governorate 1. At 1430 hours on 16 July 2012, approximately 60 armed terrorists carrying military rifles and rocket-propelled grenades mounted an attack on the Darayya district administration building and police station. They opened fire and threw hand grenades onto the roof of the building, damaging it and the police station but no personnel were hurt.
    [Show full text]
  • S/2021/282 Security Council
    United Nations S/2021/282 Security Council Distr.: General 22 March 2021 Original: English United Nations Disengagement Observer Force Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report provides an account of the activities of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) for the period from 20 November 2020 to 20 February 2021, pursuant to the mandate set out in Security Council resolution 350 (1974) and extended in subsequent Council resolutions, most recently resolution 2555 (2020). II. Situation in the area of operations and activities of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force 2. During the reporting period, the ceasefire between Israel and the Syrian Arab Republic was generally maintained, despite several violations of the Agreement on Disengagement between Israeli and Syrian Forces of 1974. The overall security situation in the UNDOF area of operations was volatile, with continued military activity in the areas of separation and limitation, in violation of relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolution 2555 (2020). 3. In employing its best efforts to maintain the ceasefire and ensure that it is scrupulously observed, as prescribed in the Disengagement of Forces Agreement, UNDOF reports all breaches of the ceasefire line that it observes. All incidents of firing across the ceasefire line as well as the crossing of the ceasefire line by individuals, aircraft and drones constitute violations of the Agreement. In its regular interactions with both sides, the leadership of UNDOF continued to call upon the parties to exercise restraint and avoid any activities that might lead to an escalation of the situation between the parties. 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Submission to Study on Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage Response to Call from UNOHCHR Proposal Submitted by Adam Bl
    Submission to study on intentional destruction of cultural heritage Response to call from UNOHCHR Proposal submitted by Adam Blitz, 20 June 2016 [email protected] Tel: +44 (0) 7947384960 Tel: +44 (0) 208 9748603 1 CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION p. 2 II. SUMMARY p. 2 III. BACKGROUND SURVEY p. 4 IV. CASE STUDY: JOBAR SYNAGOGUE p. 5 V. PROPOSAL p. 9 VI. ATTACHMENTS email I. INTRODUCTION 1. The following Submission supports a body of research that analyses both the ancient and modern history of Syrian Jewry, cultural heritage and its reception today. I offer a brief, 5-point proposal and enclose an academic CV with a list of relevant publications. I will happily provide forthcoming publications to UNOHCHR. 2. Polina Levina from UNOHCHR did indeed contact me in December of 2014 as part of a Syrian initiative. II. SUMMARY 3. Once home to a thriving Jewish population of approximately 30,000, Syria’s Jews today number less than 20 individuals. Those that remain are elderly and childless. Within the next decade there will be no Jews in the Syrian Arab Republic and the remnants of this extraordinary community, which has existed for over 2000 years, will be lost. 4. In both the cities of Aleppo and Damascus, Jewish communal life reflected the diverse make-up of Jewish immigrants from Iraq, Imperial Spain, Northern Italy and 2 those of a local and ancient provenance. This is indicated in the names of synagogues devoted to specific communities such as Damscus’ Franji Synagogue, named after the Francos or European traders from Italy, or the Al-Raqy synagogue for those Jews from Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Ideology of Ayatollah ʿali Hosseini Khamenei
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Out of the Mouth of the Leader: The Political Ideology of Ayatollah ʿAli Hosseini Khamenei, Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Islamic Studies by Yvette Hovsepian Bearce 2013 © Copyright by Yvette Hovsepian Bearce 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Out of the Mouth of the Leader: The Political Ideology of Ayatollah ʿAli Hosseini Khamenei, Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran by Yvette Hovsepian Bearce Doctor of Philosophy in Islamic Studies University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Leonard Binder, Chair The political ideologies of Ayatollah ʿAli Hosseini Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran, are identified and analyzed based on 500 speeches (1989-2013), 100 interviews (1981-1989), his biography and other works published in Iran. Islamic supremacy, resistance to foreign powers, and progress are the core elements of his ideology. Several critical themes emerge that are consistently reflected in the formation of his domestic and foreign policies: America, Palestine, Israel, Muslim unity, freedom, progress, the nuclear program, youth, and religious democracy. Khamenei’s sociopolitical development is examined in three critical phases: In Phase I, prior to the revolution, he is seen as a political activist protesting for an Islamic government; factors shaping his early political ideology are evaluated. Phase II examines Khamenei’s post- ii revolutionary appointments and election to president; he governs the country through the eight- year Iraq-Iran war. After the death of the father of the revolution, Ayatollah Khomeini, Khamenei enters into Phase III when he assumes the office of supreme leadership; internal and external issues test and reveal his political ideologies.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Gender in the Representations of an Armed Conflict: Kurdish Female
    Gender in the representations of an armed conflict: Kurdish female combatants in French and British media PhD, Academy of Finland Postdoctoral Research Fellow Researcher, Bahar Baser, Mari Toivanen Center for Peace, Trust and Social University of Turku, Finland Relations EHESS, France Coventry University [email protected] [email protected] Abstract. The Syrian civil war has been without doubt the most widely covered war by the international media in this millennium. Having engaged in an armed combat against the IS, the Kurdish military troops, especially the female battalion, have received considerable media attention internationally. This study examines the gender dimension of media representations in national media outlets of Kurdish female combatants belonging to the Protection Units (YPJ) in Syria. How have the female combatants been framed in British and French media? To what extent are these representations gendered? The overall data consists of news articles from national media outlets in France and in the United Kingdom between 2014-2015 that is analysed with frame analysis. The results show that the juxtaposition of female combatants with IS fighters allows depicting the participation of the former as exceptional and heroic and as one that deconstructs the masculinity of its adversary. The role of female combatants in the on-going conflict is represented in the British and French media through the construction of sexualized and modern-day heroine figure that is largely glorified. Keywords: Kurdish, media, gender, framing, female combatant, Islamic state 1 Introduction The Syrian civil war has been without doubt the most widely covered war by the international media in this millennium.
    [Show full text]