Women in Physics Conf Talk 2018
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Women in Physics, 2000 Highlights
By Rachel Ivie AIP Publication Number R-430 June, 2000 Katie Stowe Women in Physics, 2000 Highlights • An increasingly large number of girls have some exposure to physics by taking it in high school. By 1997, almost one-half of high school physics students were girls (Figure 1) . About 400,000 girls take high school physics each year. • Women’s participation in physics decreases with each step up the academic ladder. For example, more than two-fifths of high school physics students in 1993 were girls, but women earned less than one-fifth of bachelor’s degrees in physics five years later (Figures 1 and 3) . • Although women now earn more than one half of all bachelor’s degrees in the U.S., physics is not attracting women as quickly as other fields, including life sciences, chemistry, and engineering (Figures 4 and 5) . Compared to other fields, women are sorely underrepresented in physics at both the bachelor’s and PhD levels (Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and Table 1) . • Twenty U.S. physics departments (excluding women’s colleges) had more than 40% female bachelor’s degree recipients during the five academic years 1994-98. This report lists these departments as well as women’s colleges that grant bachelor’s degrees in physics (Tables 2 and 3) . • The proportion of women teaching physics decreases as academic rank and level of the department increases (Table 4) . However, the percentage of women faculty members at each rank is at least as high as the percentage of women earning PhDs at various points in the past. -
Physics in Your Future Introduces Physics and Careers in Physics to Young People, Their Parents, Teachers and Advisors
TM American Physical Society • Committee on the Status of Women in Physics Chiara La Tessa of Brookhaven National Laboratory is inside the target room of the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven. She is aligning a detector called EGG counter in the center of a beam – something that’s done before each experiment. Physics helps us understand the world around us, the world inside us, and the world beyond us. Physics is the most basic and fundamental science; it deals with how and why matter and energy act as they do. The laws of physics apply to force and motion, gravity, electricity, magnetism, sound, light and heat. They help us understand the physical world and develop products that people need. Mastering physics is fun and challenging. It involves working with others, as well as alone. You learn how to solve problems, observe things carefully, make measurements and keep accurate records. You can use these valuable skills for the rest of your life. They open doors to many good jobs. Physicists ask questions about the physical world and try to find exact answers. They are creative and persistent. Some do basic research. Their goal is to increase our knowledge of the universe. Others do applied research. They use basic knowledge to solve world problems such as food and energy supply, environmental protection, transportation, communication and defense. Physicists work in industry, educational institutions, government, and medical centers today. Most are active scientists and engineers. They do research and development, administration, and teaching. Others use their physics background in fields like publishing, sales, law, accounting and medicine. -
Honorary Degree Recipients 1977 – Present
Board of Trustees HONORARY DEGREE RECIPIENTS 1977 – PRESENT Name Year Awarded Name Year Awarded Claire Collins Harvey, C‘37 Harry Belafonte 1977 Patricia Roberts Harris Katherine Dunham 1990 Toni Morrison 1978 Nelson Mandela Marian Anderson Marguerite Ross Barnett Ruby Dee Mattiwilda Dobbs, C‘46 1979 1991 Constance Baker Motley Miriam Makeba Sarah Sage McAlpin Audrey Forbes Manley, C‘55 Mary French Rockefeller 1980 Jesse Norman 1992 Mabel Murphy Smythe* Louis Rawls 1993 Cardiss Collins Oprah Winfrey Effie O’Neal Ellis, C‘33 Margaret Walker Alexander Dorothy I. Height 1981 Oran W. Eagleson Albert E. Manley Carol Moseley Braun 1994 Mary Brookins Ross, C‘28 Donna Shalala Shirley Chisholm Susan Taylor Eleanor Holmes Norton 1982 Elizabeth Catlett James Robinson Alice Walker* 1995 Maya Angelou Elie Wiesel Etta Moten Barnett Rita Dove Anne Cox Chambers 1983 Myrlie Evers-Williams Grace L. Hewell, C‘40 Damon Keith 1996 Sam Nunn Pinkie Gordon Lane, C‘49 Clara Stanton Jones, C‘34 Levi Watkins, Jr. Coretta Scott King Patricia Roberts Harris 1984 Jeanne Spurlock* Claire Collins Harvey, C’37 1997 Cicely Tyson Bernice Johnson Reagan, C‘70 Mary Hatwood Futrell Margaret Taylor Burroughs Charles Merrill Jewel Plummer Cobb 1985 Romae Turner Powell, C‘47 Ruth Davis, C‘66 Maxine Waters Lani Guinier 1998 Gwendolyn Brooks Alexine Clement Jackson, C‘56 William H. Cosby 1986 Jackie Joyner Kersee Faye Wattleton Louis Stokes Lena Horne Aurelia E. Brazeal, C‘65 Jacob Lawrence Johnnetta Betsch Cole 1987 Leontyne Price Dorothy Cotton Earl Graves Donald M. Stewart 1999 Selma Burke Marcelite Jordan Harris, C‘64 1988 Pearl Primus Lee Lorch Dame Ruth Nita Barrow Jewel Limar Prestage 1989 Camille Hanks Cosby Deborah Prothrow-Stith, C‘75 * Former Student As of November 2019 Board of Trustees HONORARY DEGREE RECIPIENTS 1977 – PRESENT Name Year Awarded Name Year Awarded Max Cleland Herschelle Sullivan Challenor, C’61 Maxine D. -
Black History Trivia Bowl Study Questions Revised September 13, 2018 B C D 1 CATEGORY QUESTION ANSWER
Black History Trivia Bowl Study Questions Revised September 13, 2018 B C D 1 CATEGORY QUESTION ANSWER What national organization was founded on President National Association for the Arts Advancement of Colored People (or Lincoln’s Birthday? NAACP) 2 In 1905 the first black symphony was founded. What Sports Philadelphia Concert Orchestra was it called? 3 The novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin was published in what Sports 1852 4 year? Entertainment In what state is Tuskegee Institute located? Alabama 5 Who was the first Black American inducted into the Pro Business & Education Emlen Tunnell 6 Football Hall of Fame? In 1986, Dexter Gordan was nominated for an Oscar for History Round Midnight 7 his performance in what film? During the first two-thirds of the seventeenth century Science & Exploration Holland and Portugal what two countries dominated the African slave trade? 8 In 1994, which president named Eddie Jordan, Jr. as the Business & Education first African American to hold the post of U.S. Attorney President Bill Clinton 9 in the state of Louisiana? Frank Robinson became the first Black American Arts Cleveland Indians 10 manager in major league baseball for what team? What company has a successful series of television Politics & Military commercials that started in 1974 and features Bill Jell-O 11 Cosby? He worked for the NAACP and became the first field Entertainment secretary in Jackson, Mississippi. He was shot in June Medgar Evers 12 1963. Who was he? Performing in evening attire, these stars of The Creole Entertainment Show were the first African American couple to perform Charles Johnson and Dora Dean 13 on Broadway. -
Graduation Speakers
COMMENCEMENT SPEAKERS (Spring 1961 – Spring 2018) 2018 Fall Christine Mann Darden NASA Executive and Engineer 2018 Spring Marian Wright Edelman Founder and President, Children’s Defense Fund 2017 Fall Chancellor W. Randolph Woodson Chancellor, NC State University 2017 Spring Nancy McFarlane Mayor of the City of Raleigh 2016 Fall Margaret Spellings President, the University of North Carolina 2016 Spring Admiral Michelle Howard Vice Chief of Naval Operations 2015 Fall Ambassador Karl Eikenberry United States Army, Retired, and former U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan 2015 Spring France A. Córdova Director of the National Science Foundation 2014 Fall Vivian Howard Chef and Owner of the Chef & The Farmer and the Boiler Room Oyster Bar in Kinston, NC 2014 Spring David Ferriero Archivist of the United States and Head of the National Archives and Records Administration 2013 Fall Chancellor W. Randolph Woodson Chancellor, NC State University 2013 Spring Philip Freelon Founder and President of the Freelon Group and NC State Alumnus 2012 Fall Dickson B. (Doc) Hendley Founder and President of Wine to Water 2012 Spring Philip Rivers Record-setting passer for NC State and currently starting quarterback for the San Diego Chargers 2011 Fall Dr. Rajendra Pachauri Nobel-Prize winner and NC State alumnus. World leader in the study of climate change. 2011 Spring James E. Rogers President and CEO of Duke Energy 2010 Fall General Raymond T. Odierno Commander of United States Joint Forces Command Updated 09/18 2010 Spring Charles Rose Executive Editor and Anchor of the “Charlie Rose” Show 2009 Fall No speaker due to Dr. Rajendra Nobel-Prize winner and NC State Pachauri being sick alumnus. -
Congressional Record—House H 1494
H 1494 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð HOUSE February 28, 1996 only tax reform but spending reduc- Congress first passed a resolution to in- up together in New Jersey. In her posi- tions and deficit reductions, which stitute a celebration of Black History tion at the Department of Energy, she gives the change to have help for work- Month. has worked tirelessly on issues ranging ing families, for seniors and for our This year, we have chosen the theme from energy development to the health children. ``African-American WomenÐYester- effects of radiation testing. She has I yield to the gentleman from Geor- day, Today, and Tomorrow'' in recogni- achieved tremendous success in nego- gia. tion of the enormous contributions tiating trade agreements with a poten- Mr. KINGSTON. Let me just say this, that African-American women have tial value to our Nation of billions of in the 1992 presidential primary, can- made to our history and culture. In dollars. didate Bill Clinton had an ad that said every field of endeavorÐpublic service, Also rendering outstanding service in this: ``Hi, I am Bill Clinton. I believe politics, law, medicine, literature, cor- the executive branch are Lorraine Mil- you deserve a change. That is why I porate management, education, and ler, who formerly served as Deputy As- have a plan to stimulate the economy, othersÐAfrican-American women are sistant to the President for Legislative starting with a middle-class tax cut.'' achievers. Affairs and now holds a post in the Now, we all know, after running on a Let me begin by recognizing the Federal Trade Commission; Alexis Her- promise of a middle-class tax cut, the women of the Black Caucus serving in man, Director of Public Liaison at the President turned around and in 1993 the 104th Congress. -
Reversed out (White) Reversed
Berkeley rev.( white) Berkeley rev.( FALL 2014 reversed out (white) reversed IN THIS ISSUE Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women into Physics ALUMNI NEWS AND MORE! Cover: The MAVEN satellite mission uses instrumentation developed at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory to explore the physics behind the loss of the Martian atmosphere. It’s a continuation of Berkeley astrophysicist Robert Lin’s pioneering work in solar physics. See p 7. photo credit: Lockheed Martin Physics at Berkeley 2014 Published annually by the Department of Physics Steven Boggs: Chair Anil More: Director of Administration Maria Hjelm: Director of Development, College of Letters and Science Devi Mathieu: Editor, Principal Writer Meg Coughlin: Design Additional assistance provided by Sarah Wittmer, Sylvie Mehner and Susan Houghton Department of Physics 366 LeConte Hall #7300 University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-7300 Copyright 2014 by The Regents of the University of California FEATURES 4 12 18 Berkeley’s Space Tabletop Physics Bringing More Women Sciences Laboratory BERKELEY THEORISTS INVENT into Physics NEW WAYS TO SEARCH FOR GOING ON SIX DECADES UC BERKELEY HOSTS THE 2014 NEW PHYSICS OF EDUCATION AND SPACE WEST COAST CONFERENCE EXPLORATION Berkeley theoretical physicists Ashvin FOR UNDERGRADUATE WOMEN Vishwanath and Surjeet Rajendran IN PHYSICS Since the Space Lab’s inception are developing new, small-scale in 1959, Berkeley physicists have Women physics students from low-energy approaches to questions played important roles in many California, Oregon, Washington, usually associated with large-scale of the nation’s space-based scientific Alaska, and Hawaii gathered on high-energy particle experiments. -
Annotated Bibliography: Women in Physics, Astronomy, and Related Disciplines
Annotated Bibliography: Women in Physics, Astronomy, and Related Disciplines Abir Am, Pnina and Dorinda Outram, eds. Uneasy Careers and Intimate Lives: Women in Science, 1787-1979. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1987. Abir Am and Outram’s volume includes a collection of essays about women in science that highlight the intersection of personal and professional spheres. All of the articles argue that the careers of women scientists are influenced by their family lives and that their family lives are impacted because of their scientific careers. This text is significant in two ways: first, it is one of the earliest examples of scholarship that moves beyond the recovering women in science, but placing them in the context of their home and work environments. Second, it suggests that historians of science can no longer ignore the private lives of their historical subjects. This volume contains four articles relating to women in physics and astronomy: Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie’s “Marital Collaboration: An Approach to Science” (pages 104-125), Sally Gregory Kohlstedt’s “Maria Mitchell and the Advancement of Women in Science” (pages 129-146), Helena M. Pycior’s “Marie Curie’s ‘Anti-Natural Path’: Time Only for Science and Family” (pages 191-215), and Peggy Kidwell’s “Cecelia Payne-Gaposchkin: Astronomy in the Family” (pages 216-238). As a unit, the articles would constitute and interesting lesson on personal and professional influences. Individually, the articles could be incorporated into lessons on a single scientist, offering a new perspective on their activities at work and at home. It complements Pycior, Slack, and Abir Am’s Creative Couples in the Sciences and Lykknes, Opitz, and Van Tiggelen’s For Better of For Worse: Collaborative Couples in the Sciences, which also look at the intersection of the personal and professional. -
2011 2011 2011Annual Report Annual Report July 1, 2010–June 30, 2011
Council on Foreign Relations Council Foreign on Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 fax 212.434.9800 1777 F Street, NW Annual Report Washington, DC 20006 Ann tel 202.509.8400 ual Report fax 202.509.8490 www.cfr.org 2011 2011 2011Annual Report Annual Report July 1, 2010–June 30, 2011 Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street New York, NY 10065 tel 212.434.9400 fax 212.434.9800 1777 F Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 tel 202.509.8400 fax 202.509.8490 www.cfr.org [email protected] Officers and Directors OFFICErs DIr ectors Carla A. Hills Irina A. Faskianos Term Expiring 2012 Term Expiring 2013 Term Expiring 2014 Co-Chairman Vice President, National Program and Outreach Fouad Ajami Alan S. Blinder Madeleine K. Albright Robert E. Rubin Sylvia Mathews Burwell J. Tomilson Hill David G. Bradley Co-Chairman Suzanne E. Helm Kenneth M. Duberstein Alberto Ibargüen Donna J. Hrinak Richard E. Salomon Vice President, Development Stephen Friedman Shirley Ann Jackson Henry R. Kravis Vice Chairman Jan Mowder Hughes Carla A. Hills Joseph S. Nye Jr. James W. Owens Richard N. Haass Vice President, Human resources Jami Miscik George Rupp Frederick W. Smith President and Administration Robert E. Rubin Richard E. Salomon Fareed Zakaria Kenneth Castiglia L. Camille Massey Vice President, Membership, Term Expiring 2015 Term Expiring 2016 Richard N. Haass Chief Financial and Administrative ex officio Officer and Treasurer Corporate, and International John P. Abizaid Ann M. Fudge David Kellogg Lisa Shields Peter Ackerman Thomas H. -
Women Scientists and Inventors
CONTENTS Introduction 4 Awe-Inspiring Contributions Chapter 1 8 Lise Meitner Chapter 2 18 Pearl Kendrick Chapter 3 28 Virginia Apgar Chapter 4 38 Jane Goodall Chapter 5 47 Shirley Ann Jackson Chapter 6 57 Rosalind W. Picard Source Notes 67 For Further Research 72 Index 74 Picture Credits 79 About the Author 80 1944 for the discovery of fi ssion, but Meitner was completely excluded. In the physics community, at least, Meitner’s extraordinary talents and contributions were understood. She had recognized and named nuclear fi ssion and had calculated its energy release. In 1943 she and her nephew were invited to Los Alamos, New Mexico, to work on the atomic bomb. “I will have nothing Frisch accepted, but Meitner was ap- palled at putting her physics to military to do with a bomb!”6 use. She said, “I will have nothing to do —Lise Meitner with a bomb!”6 When she learned that the fi rst atomic bomb had been dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945, ending World War II, she was hor- rifi ed and sickened. She walked alone in the woods for hours, trying to accept what had happened. Acclaim and Sorrow Even though she had nothing to do with developing the bomb, Meitner was credited in the West with having uncovered the secrets of atomic fi ssion and making the atomic bomb possible. News reporters wrote stories about her. Former First Lady Elea- nor Roosevelt interviewed her for American radio. In 1946 she made her fi rst visit to the United States to see two sisters who had immigrated to New York and Washington and Frisch, who was still at Los Alamos. -
Sarah M. Cousineau
Sarah M. Cousineau Section Head: Accelerator Science and Technology, Spallation Neutron Source Spallation Neutron Source Phone: +1 865 406 0294 PO Box 2008, MS 6461 [email protected] Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6461 Current Job Responsibilities: • Lead the Accelerator Science and Technology group at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator: § Lead the production, measurement, understanding and analysis of the SNS 1.4 MW H- linac and ring proton beams § Define and oversee a robust R&D program targeted at high intensity, high power beams § Define and oversee an effective mechanical engineering design program that supports both beam operations and accelerator R&D § Manage the beam study program aimed at identifying, understanding, and mitigating accelerator performance limitations § Guide and facilitate strategic plans for accelerator performance improvements, and software tools for efficient modeling and analysis of the beam § Manage the section budget and provide professional development opportunities for staff § Promote a strong culture of safety in all activities § Participate in outreach and professional community service roles Education: • 2003 Ph.D. (Accelerator Physics), Indiana University • 2000 M.S. (Accelerator Physics), Indiana University • 1998 B.S. (Physics, summa cum laude), University of North Dakota Research Interests: • Collective effects in high intensity beams, space charge and instabilities • Novel injection methods for proton drivers • Laser and ion beam interactions • Code development and simulation of high intensity beams • Novel beam diagnostics and measurement techniques • High power beam collimation • High current and duty factor H- ion sources Professional Experience: 07/2020 – present Section Head, Accelerator Science and Technology 01/2016 – 07/2020 Group Leader, Beam Science and Technology group, Spallation Neutron Source 02/2012 – 07/2020 Joint Faculty Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee 1 Sarah M. -
*Jackson Chapt 01 Final
Introduction Exploring the Unseen Some explorers lift off into space. Others dive deep beneath the sea or trek through mountains or rain forests. Shirley Ann Jackson explores the universe too, but on a smaller scale and from a different perspective. She is a physicist who investigates the world on a submicroscopic level. She studies the tiniest elements of the universe, the particles that make up all matter. Why is it so exciting to learn about things you can’t even see? Split one of those tiny particles and you could cause catastrophic destruction. Or you could harness its powerful force to improve the way we work and play and live our lives. Because of Shirley’s scientific expertise and her willingness to take on new challenges, her career has moved in exciting directions. In industry, she worked on the cutting edge of technology, discovering ways for materials to be more useful in our everyday lives. When President Bill Clinton asked her to head the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in 1995, she made sweeping changes to ensure the public’s safety, in our own country and around the world. As president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, she is creating unique opportunities for the next generation of scientists. How did Shirley Ann Jackson achieve so much? She began with a curious mind and a passion for uncovering the secrets that lay hidden in the world around us. ix To Shirley, the world was full of mysteries and living creatures provided the clues that could help solve them. 1 BEE SECRETS hirley Ann Jackson stood in the hot summer sun, patiently staring at a large rosebush in her family’s garden.