Harvesting Salmon Was the Chilluckittequa Tribes' Livelihood at the Columbia River by George Aguilar, Sr
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Spelyay Tymoo Warm Springs, Oregon November 19, 1998 9 Harvesting salmon was the Chilluckittequa tribes' livelihood at the Columbia River By George Aguilar, Sr. Confederated Tribes of the 1831 AD later experienced the were: "exterminate these savages." Victor also concluded that they passed on. Time of this short writing is Warm Springs Reservation. In arrival of the Oregon Trail In the year of 1853 AD the Yreka would (the tribes) continue to be At the turn of the century Sunday, October 25, 1998, the treaty with the United States, pioneers with their deadly Harold wrote: "The present "life pensioners upon the bounty (early 1900s) many photos were place: Columbia River Gorge. the Chilluckittequa were diseases (1840 AD era). She was outbreak has justly led all to the of the US Government, just so taken of the Columbia River Weather conditions: periods of changed to the Dog River Wasco still living in the Hood River conclusion that extermination is rain, temperature 59 degrees (Hood River). area, during the Chief the only way to secure peace. for a high, 40 degrees for a low, As the salmon migrated up Yakama War was in We have 'drawn the sword and with westerly cold fall winds river, they followed the salmon progress. In the early spring of thrown the scabbard away' and setting in, creating travel by to the Narrows, this is one of the 1856, General Palmer made a the tomahawk will no longer be canoe miserable. The high best places for harvesting the trip to The Dalles Fort to make buried but in the sculls of the cascade mountains receive a early bright silvery salmon. The arrangements for removal of the red foe." light dusting of snow. One Wishram had 21 houses, Lewis Treaty Indians to Warm Springs In 1855 AD, extermination hundred ninety three years ago & Clark population count was Reservation. The Yakamas began to occur literally in the today, the Lewis & Clark 1000 persons. The Wishram attack on the Cascade Willamette Valley (Rogue War). Expedition was in this area. Chinook dwelled at the now, Fortification one week later The Oregon Indians had gone They probably were faced with Dalles Port and Spearfish killed seventeen soldiers and through hell in fifteen years (see twelve others were badly the book, An Arrow in the Earth). wounded. Eleven years had "It is not your wars but your come and gone after the peace that kills my people," migration to Warm Springs took Chief John is reputed to have place. first husband said of the Rogue Tribe. James Polk, Sr. was bom 1846 White man's deadly diseases, ( ) AD in the Hood River area. religious systems, education and James was also a Dog River other established policies was f Wasco. He enlisted in the US the exterminator of the Army at Fort Dalles and fought Columbia River culture. The the famous of native in alongside Captain speaking tongue "'iiiL' ' '.'iv't j'.i.',f'- Chinook as a scout in the schools was forbidden Billy strictly r - X V ? , ' 1867 Snake War. and discouraged. Special Indian - , - vj ' name was Mrs. Burns. forces were established to english police 'Mutual in - I !'.T." '!.!$' How she this name is of: Wus-cla-k- e, . i acquired quell any activity VVt .( ' ' unknown. Due to the enactment Wa-sha-- shammanisuim '...' of the "Dawes 1887 allotment Native Religious ceremonials Act", she was brought in as a etc. of the approximately 2,200 J' - mf.'' "y I 4 witness on allotment of the to 3,000 Dog River Wasco that Carrie Wolford estate in 1917. lived in the Hood River area in Wasq'o method of harvesting fish. Her age was mentioned as being 86 years old at this time. Sta-na-q- ue (great great aunt) a long as they or their Indians. The photo of the late Tenino Sahaptin, her age, descendants are compelled to aunt Adeline Symintyre according to Wal-lik-s- (Susan occupy these volcanic wastes." Morrison is of such a photo on Semore) was 110 years old at the The Polk family made yearly the post card. Tourists bought time of the photo. She passed on treks to the Columbia River to these post cards for souvenirs. in 1934 in Tenino Valley, she is fish in the Cascade Rapids and The young teenage girl seated IWishram girl. buried in Tenino cerr ery in an Narrows (Five Mile Rapids) in front is Adeline. Adeline was unmarked grave, at the above the city of The Dalles. born in Hood River, Oregon. Thompson's lot. She was born From 1855 to 1970s five family Her mother was probably a the same miserable weather Northern Shore. They became about 1822 AD: She was a young members had perished in this "Chilluckittequa Cascade conditions. Yakama, Southern Shore was woman, age 33, when the 1855 stretch of the river. The sixth Chinook" (Wasco). On the plateau overlooking comprised of The Dalles Treaty was negotiated. She one is my father Easton, The father, Peter Symintyre, the Columbia in the fall of 1805, Chinook or Wasq'o (Wasco, survived the deadly diseases drowned in the Cascade Rapids was also a Wasco. When the Chilluckittequa eastern means a small bowl in Chinook). At and witnessed the arrival of the in 1932 AD. The fishing sites at Adeline passed on, the eulogy Chinookian speaking people the head of the Narrows were many Oregon Trail pioneers. Cascade Rapids were used stated, "She was the last of the greeted the Lewis & Clark Tenai'nu (Tenino), they became In the year 1853 AD. yearly until the Bonneville Dam full blooded Wasco of the explorers sent by President Warm Springs. Approximately ke and my other great destroyed all the fishing sites. Warm Springs Reservation." I s Sta-ne-q- This mission was to above the Narrows was Sta-na-q- Jefferson. great grandmother a; was half Wasq'o, half The method of commuting the consider her also as the last of access the new a called SiTailo Tenino lived in territory bought gathering place Sahaptin, Dalles Tenino. She spoke river progressed from cedar the razor sharp Chinookian the United States from (Celilo). These were times. by Tyighham perilous The Cayuse war, Sahaptin, Wasq'o and trader canoes and horses to stern Indian traders of the Columbia France known as the Louisiana Tenai'nu the (Tygh), (Tenino) Rogue War, Yakama Chief Chinook jargon. She was a wife driven steamboats of the late River. Many of the Indian Dock-spu- Purchase. The of s Wel-lo-cho-- place greeting Waiya'mpam (Wyam) War, the Andrew to Billy Chinook and to 1800s, and then in the 1900s trading items, now on display is now the tourist town of There were other (John Day). Jackson Removal Act and the (her second husband). came the use of automobiles. at The Museum at Warm Hood River, Oregon. I surmise Sahaptin speaking people that Oregon Territory land grab During the 1800s and 1900s Springs, most likely, had that, it is quite possible, Lewis became Warm Springs also. disrupted a way of life forever. farms and orchards started to passed through Adeline, who & Clark may have spent the These were known in the treaty The culture of the Columbia 1805 AD., only a few people emerge where the Dog River was the Indian trader icon of days of October 28 and 29, 1805 as the Walla Walla Band. River Indians was never again to remained alive after the Wasco once made their abode. the 20th century era. When any in the Hood River area. This is These are the encounters with resume. Euro-Americ- an diseases Grandfather would leave items become relics to be based on the inclement weather the Dog River Wasco as A Yakama, a sister, became a subsided. Not even a hundred grandmother and the children at shown in museums, we then for this time of the year, which recorded in the Lewis & Clark Warm Springs, or maybe a people (my estimate) from the this place to pick strawberries know for sure this was a made accurate sextant reading Journals: cousin remained on the river. Dog River Wasco survived. while he went down river passing phase, called history. impossible. Lewis & Clark Oct. 28, 1805: was first An aunt or uncle was sent to With a heavy and broken (Cascade Rapids). He went to The modern day Hood Journals called this place encounter with the Tulalip, Washington, heart my great great aunt harvest the arrival of the River, Parkdale and Odell is Chilluckittequa (Hood River). Chilluckittequa (Dog River millions of sockeye (this species is now desolate of the once huge mmi"1'"' This was the largest village on Wasco) First Village. WU i I now near extinction). The huge fir trees that clothed the hills of this stretch of the Columbia Oct. 29, 1805: second spring June Hog Chinook fir mountain and the River (from The Dalles to the encounter with the Dog River salmon sometimes weighed 100 surrounding area. The steep Cascade Rapids). The estimated Wasco. This was on or near pounds or more is now extinct. hills were raped of her timber populations of this village was sand bar of the now, Hood This majestic salmon run was and never was replanted. The 1400 persons. River, Oregon. The sand that killed when the Chief Joseph landscape is now barren with Across the river was the caused the beaches were washed and Grand Coulee Dams near spots of scrub fir here and Smockshop Band of the down from Mount Hood. the Canadian border were put there. Bright yellow autumn Chilluckittequa (White Salmon). April 9, 1806: Lewis & Clark to use.