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Part-Dieu NOTEBOOKS PART-DIEU: SUPER COPRODUCTION

FILES: The running of the coproduction The operational systems

NOM DU PARTENAIRE summary Introduction 4

The running of the project 18

The major themes of the project 26

Sustainable mobility, Nature in the city and quality of urban atmosphere Regeneration and development Business district, residential district

Operational systems 46

Easy ground and active bases Epicentre and skyline The cultural crossing The Part-Dieu style

The operating entities 62

Focus on the open railway station Focus on the Heart of Part-Dieu

Tribute to Charles Delfante 70

With extracts from interviews with (in order of appearance): Bernard Badon ; Benoît Quignon ; François Decoster, Djamel Klouche and Caroline Poulin ; Michel Lussault ; Nathalie Berthollier ; Jean-Louis Meynet ; Jean-Philippe Hanff ; Véronique Granger ; Philippe Gasser ; Bernard Rivalta ; Benjamin Cimerman ; Gilles Buna ; Alain Marguerit ; Valérie Philippon-Béranger ; David Kimelfeld ; Hervé Chaîne ; François Corteel ; François Bregnac ; Albert Constantin ; Pascal Barboni ; Laurent Vallas ; Manuelle Gautrand ; Pascal Crambes et Pierre Nallet ; Georges Képénékian ; Frédéric Michaud and Jean- Marie Duthilleul ; Emmanuelle Balmain ; Charles Delfante.

And quotations from: Olivier Laurent ; Jean-Louis Molin ; Jean-Yves Chapuis ; ENCORE Agency Part-Dieu super coproduction The “redesign” of this central district. At the Part- and of which the real estate assets Part-Dieu took shape, Dieu, local government is investing were verging on become obsolete massively in carrying out studies and less attractive, the project took in a guide plan then and projects as well as the acquisi- on a larger scale. During the discus- in a reference plan, tion of land, even if there isn’t much sions with the departments of the land left which is negotiable. By set- Greater , with experts and the opening the way ting the course, the project owner team of town planners and archi- to several rounds has revealed the development tects chosen for the design of the of negotiation with potential for this district and has project, the AUC agency set its sights set in motion, on behalf of a range on a more universal and powerful a wide variety of of developers, a stream of projects. target: that of making the Part-Dieu stakeholders. Many property owners have seized a modern metropolitan hub. the opportunity of this dynamic to begin the renovation of their own The Part-Dieu aims to be more Two years after the launch of the property which is on the verge of than just a town-planning project Lyon Part-Dieu project, this 135 becoming obsolete. by serving as an urban laboratory hectares site in the heart of Lyon, incorporating the multiple func- ’s largest business Dis- In this district which since the tions, uses and services of the city trict after la Défense, is booming. 1970s has been home to govern- of tomorrow. It is as much a to do Guided by the Part-Dieu Mis- mental authorities, large semi- with what is within the container as sion which controls the project public or private companies, one with the container itself. ownership for the target, the stra- of the largest shopping centres in tegy and the implementation of the the country and the largest inter- It is because the issue is one of project ; investors, developers and connection railway station in transforming a fully operational France, the local government has district of which almost all the plenty of ideas but not much land… easements are in use that the, AUC The public authorities don’t “It’s by winning the battle of ideas chose to “ Reinventing the Part- have much land... but they do that we will get the stakeholders Dieu”: neither to start again from have ideas. on board “explains the Managing nothing, nor to start work on the Director for the City of Lyon and district from scratch, but to give Greater Lyon, Benoît Quignon back a meaning to Part-Dieu based architects are actively working on who sums up the job of the project on what it is today and taking it the - development of this central owner as follows: “it’s about encou- down a new path for the future. district of the Lyon conurbation. raging all those who would like to invest to make this transformation However real issues remain concer- As of Spring 2012, around a success”, “about promoting dia- ning the change to the existing 300,000 m² NET – which is to say a logue and providing a tailor made infrastructure: at a site which is quarter of the project target – were product”. The Part-Dieu Mission is home to some beautiful examples of being developed with the work the preferred interface for this dia- architecture designed in the 1960s expected to last between three and logue and the preparation of pro- and 70s, what should be done about sixyears. A few are at the comple- jects by coproduction. this rather odd collection? In an tion stage, like the Incity tower,the urban environment of paving slabs Velum or Sky 56 (1). When it embarked upon the Part- separating pedestrians and cars, Dieu project, at the end of 2009, how would one restore a peaceful “Apart from the Béraudier northern with a series of workshops brin- cohabitation between all the dif- sector and the Porte Sud, over the ging together developers, techni- ferent means of transport and give rest of the Part-Dieu district, the cians and intellectuals, the Greater back pedestrians their space and developers are hard at work; there Lyon signaled the lofty values and comfort? More generally, how could aren’t many gaps in the project ambition that it had planned for the one include quality and humanity map” points out Bernard Badon, redesign project of this district at in an urban development which is director of the Part-Dieu Mission. the heart of the conurbation. aimed at high density?

Behind this project: the wish of du From its initial objective, which was Confronted by real estate prin- Greater Lyonto give a strategic, to regenerate a business district ciples which tend to go it alone clear and ambitious structure to which was designed in the 1960-70s, and favour quantitative yield,

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the Part-Dieu Mission intends to Because one of the original aspects the matrix of the project. The pro- bring stakeholders together so to the Part-Dieu project was to deal ject owner has committed mas- that together they can produce with what exists already, to activate sively in terms of the studies that quality buildings an promote an wide ranging projects from public have been carried out, project sup- original strategy of sustainable and private developers, owner or port, public projects (for example development. This strategy is users within the district, these ) As well as financial based on sustainable mobility, suggestions were by and large sub- investments: the Greater Lyon has on urban landscapes which sup- ject to discussion and opened to now invested some 100 million pose other concepts of nature in negotiation. euros in acquiring the most strate- the city and a certain quality of gic real estate at Part-Dieu. urban atmopshere. What’s more, For Nathalie Berthollier, “public- it’s not just a case of densifiying by private coproduction is the new The various stakeholders esta- building higher, by continuing to order in urban production. And we blished at the Part-Dieu or who design the Lyon skyline, but also of are helping invent it at Part-Dieu. were interested for various reasons hitching this district to the ground It forces us to adopt a new profes- in its development were consulted more effectively and starting with sional position: that of developer, and brought on board then sup- the city. the town planner is becoming ported in their projects. more and more of a negotiator”. Most of them have become aware The “public-Private Plot by plot, discussions are unde- of the project envisaged by the coproduction is the new rway with developers, investors, or AUC and have clearly applied their users so as to adjust the objectives own language and concepts. Each order in Urban production. of the private operators and the one of them has something to say The town planner becomes ambitions of the Part-Dieu pro- about the project, as is evidenced a negotiator”. ject to fit in with the co production by the many interviews carried out and shared project dynamic. This for this second edition of the Part- In a district described by studies common position is conveyed in Dieu Notebooks. as functional and mineral, cold the reference Plan. and lacking in any sensation or warmth the AUC agency is deve- As a “A landing platform for shared The coproduction process is in loping structured concepts which suggestions”, this document makes full swing. are largely based on services and it possible both to set out the ope- uses, such as “easy ground”, “active rational conditions for the project At Lyon Part-Dieu, the coproduc- bases”, or for that matter “cultural sector by sector (programming, tion process is in full swing. Its’ not crossing”. features, realignment, real estate, the only way of fulfilling a project density, volumes, adequate opera- which is clearly supported by a What’s more the notion of “user tional systems...) and to feed the public administration in this case value” has entered the vocabulary conceptual basics of the project. the Greater Lyon, which is very of the investors, who are ever more engaged. But it’s an original and aware that the rental cost per m² The Part-Dieu project favours fertile aspect to this new model of can be justified by the quality of ser- collective intelligence city regeneration undertaken at vices – from transportation means the heart of the Lyon conurbation. to cultural facilities, services and From the start, the Part-Dieu shops – provided to future users. project was typified by a will to (1) (project owners(MO) Sogelym innovate, in terms of what was Dixence, architects Valode and Pistre / Atelier de la Rize / AIA): at the heart of Part-Dieu, The Part-Dieu project stage produced as well as in the way of construction of a 200m tower, 42,000 m2 by stage, from conception to proceeding. Giving preference to of offices including 2 RIE (Inter Company Restaurants) and other user-dedicated areas. negotiation collective intelligence and sharing Work phase, handover start of 2015. Velum the ambition of the project are the (Project owner- Gecina) : in the ZAC (concerted development zone) de la Buire, Part-Dieu Sud All the ideas flowing from the crea- two strong uniquenesses of the sector, construction of a services building with tion of the Part-Dieu project were redesigning of Part-Dieu. associated services (bar lounge, Inter Company taken and organised in June 2010 Restaurants, auditorium, fitness centre…) covering 15,250 m2 with 2 hanging gardens. in the concept Plan, a document All of the departments of the Work currently underway, handover mid 2013. created by the AUC as a “platform Greater Lyonhave been mobilised Sky 56 (MO Icade/ Cirmad): in the Part-Dieu Sud sector, construction of 30 000 m2 office for ideas and aims”. In January alongside the Part-Dieu Mission building on an joint active base including Inter 2011, guide Plan adopted, at the and the team which has been Company Restaurants, a brasserie,Fitness centre, apartment building, crèche and end of the workshops and the ana- formed around the AUC: Road meeting rooms Including 25,000 m2 of offices. lysis and issue identification phase, network, Transport, Town plan- Procedures underway, handover in 2015. the basic ideas with the aim of ning, Economy, Accommodation, organising them in to principles Real Estate, Prospective, etc. As for production. fully invested entities, they form

6 The chairman’s point of view

every day when it was only desi- It’s necessary to reach a critical gned to handle 35,000! To avoid mass – estimated at 1.5 million m² inevitable saturation caused by of offices as opposed to around urban densification and the plan- 1,000,000 today – which will make ned increase in rail based traffic, Lyon a truly international centre. urban transport and environmen- It’s an essential detail which sets it tally friendly transport modes, the apart in the competition in which Part-Dieu project aims to redesign the major regional European capi- The Part-Dieu redevelopment pro- transport systems at all levels. tals are engaged in. ject is making fast and good pro- gress! Three years after its launch, But Part-Dieu is a hub in other With space lacking, the principle more than a quarter of the project’s respects as well as transport, and chosen is that of an “intensity “of target, which is to say 300,000 m2 of firstly in economic terms. Many the city where the construction of buildings and developments such large companies have theirhead- tower blocks will keep urban sprawl as the redevelopment of the rue quarters at Part-Dieu. Today the in check, where modernness will be Garibaldi, are already underway. district is home to 45,000 jobs and reflected in the, ecological contri- Despite the economic recession it’s tomorrow this number is expected butions and modern architectural a sure sign that, la Part-Dieu, which to grow to 70,000. I’m also pleased constructions worthy of the greatest the number one services district to report that there is “Lyon Club European business districts, in France after la Défense, has an Part-Dieu Employers’ Club” for outstanding potential for attracting supporting this growth. As far as But whilst being a competitive eco- businesses and for development. shopping is concerned, the Part- nomic hub Part-Dieu must also be Dieu has a shopping centrewhich an active and living district. We Aware of these unique advan- pulls in shoppers from well beyond want this district where we work to tages, the Greater Lyondecided, in the district. Finally in the cultural also be a district where one can live, 2009, to inject a new dynamic into and sports fields Part-Dieu is home where one feels like staying after the Part-Dieu, which it decided to to major facilities such as the Lyon the working day has finished and entrust to the highly rated team of central library, the Auditorium where one would like to come in the architects-town planners from the and the Garibaldi swimming pool evenings and weekends to relax, to AUC. The target is an ambitious which we intend to develop by crea- learn as well as to enjoy oneself. one: to turn the Part-Dieu into a ting a cultural crossing which will standard setting business district run from the Halles Paul Bocuse to Making Part-Dieu a district for for Europe, a district with rede- the place de Francfort. living in means also building new signed transport systems, with a homes, redesigning public spaces modern style which is both compe- These different functions all set for new services and uses, incor- titive and pleasant to live in. a standard for the conurbation, porating resting places and green which in the wider sense is known areas, and developing environmen- Located in the centre of the grea- as a “Metropolitan hub “combining tally friendly transport modes. ter Lyon conurbation, Part-Dieu is the Greater Lyonwith the Saint- an essential transport hub, which Etienne Conurbation, ViennAgglo At Part-Dieu, our main concern assures Lyon of its place in Europe. and the CA Porte de l’Isère. Impro- is therefore to make sure we put With its multimodal transport hub ving the performance of this hub, quality, humanity as well as beauty with connections to the airport, means allowing the development of into an urban and economic deve- Part-Dieu is indeed home to the this metropolitan hub. To do so, one lopment which is aimed at a high central railway station which as of must change the scale, increase and density and at making the Lyon 2020 will be offer direct TGV ser- diversify the accommodation capa- conurbation an influential centre vices to the largest German cities as city of Part-Dieu. in Europe. well as , Turin and . So Lyon is at the heart of a high speed Europe.

Part-Dieu is truly a transport nucleus, with something like 500,000 movements daily, with 136,000 people using the station 28 November 2011: approval of the reference Plan (version 1) Reference plan (Version 1)

The point of view of the project owners “The opportunity aren’t many communal areas. In The management of the to renew Part-Dieu, this district the only thing one Part-Dieu project, which wants to do is to get away as quickly encourages innovation and means that there as possible! It’s difficult to get coproduction and which is is strong project around, it can easily get clogged as much concerned with up and the capacities are supersa- services as it is with the ow nership” turated. But despite this the dis- actual real estate is quite trict functions efficiently. But it’s original. To what extent can reached its limit. Even so this is this approach initiated with not just a problem affecting Part- the Part-Dieu project, provide Dieu.The business districts which inspiration to the departments were designed in the 1960s and of the Greater Lyonfor other 70s never managed to make living projects? there a more human experience, despite the attempts by their ori- One of the advantages of this pro- ginal designer to escape this cold ject resides in the way we apply the separation of the functions. The project ownership. Traditionally it Interview with Benoît Quignon, proposals of the AUC take the is done using green spaces on the Managing Director of the City of approach of making things func- ZAC model (concerted develop- Lyon and the Greater Lyon . tional and more pleasant to live. ment zone). What is interesting in this case, is that we don’t have to What, in your opinion, is the What do you think of the deviate from this model. This com- principal challenge posed by Strategy of the district to be pels us to ask the question more the Part-Dieu redevelopment “a modern metropolitan hub“? forcefully: what is a district? What project? is the meaning behind the develop- Part-Dieu is the major business ment and the life of a district, and The principal challenge is to get district for Saint-Etienne, Vienne a piece of the town? At Part-Dieu, away from an area of land which is and the Isle d’Abeau as well as for the means of transformation is already built upon, with buildings the East of Lyon. We are in a whole more complicated; One can’t erase which don’t function too badly at area where things have a multi- the past. So what is going to make all but which are a little cold and polar basis. Part-Dieu acts as the it work tomorrow? First of all, one are not in keeping with tomorrow’s interface between Europe and will be able to get around easily: ambitions for the Lyon conurbation. the rest of the world. Everybody this is the “easy ground”. Secondly, understands that Part-Dieu is not we’re going to be in a busy place: The challenge is to just the concentration, redistribu- these are the “active bases”. be worthy of a major tionand linking point with the hub. conurbation of two million Part-Dieu makes the whole of the You also want to have an inhabitants. More life, conurbation area more attractive. approach which is purposely The transport systems, the shop- exploratory… more warmth and more of ping centre – which attract users what will make the urban from more than 100 km away – help This is another challenge set out life of tomorrow needs to create the perception of Part-Dieu by the project ownership for the, be added. in people’s minds as a metropoli- as part of the metropolitan ambi- tan centre. tion: we are going to try and take The difficulty facing Part-Dieu a long view. Charles Delfante (1) today is that it is effective and effi- had a 30-40 year vision. We need cient in respect of the infrastruc- to return to this prospective ambi- tures and superstructures that it tion, because it will create inno- contains. But there are things mis- vation forcing us to invent the sing which one clearly sees when services of tomorrow. Real estate one has to go there every day. It’s programs on their own won’t be a very cold place, which is not up enough; we need to make the act to today’s standards which require of using a pleasure which is achie- more capacity, more comfort and ved by mixing the uses of private more pleasure. At Part-Dieu there and public spaces It’s better to take

10 account of the soft aspect in future will work out alright is increased. Its’ because the project ownership projects, so that it can be incorpo- Charles Delfante talked about a is strong that the opportunity for rated better into the way of buil- form of production which was a little renewing the Part-Dieu exists. The ding investments. perverted because the stakeholders Part-Dieu Mission is a very active had hi-jacked the project to suit their technical instrument which enjoys The management of the Part- ends. Their aim was notto back the strong political backing. It brings Dieu project encourages aim of the project but rather to make with it a prospective and ambi- coproduction with the wide money from it. If we can manage to tious vision which raises the level diversity of stakeholders in guarantee a high level of require- of demand and makes it possible to the Part-Dieu project. What ment and ambition over the long- stay on course. is your experience of these term, we can avoid this pitfall, and negotiations? coproduction will produce new ideas (1) The town planner Charles Delfante was the and new initiatives. Initial designer of the Part-Dieu project. It’s interesting because it teaches us to work a lot more with others. When one is running a ZAC

(concerted development zone), one Mezzanine cafeteria Garden with wifi We need to return to this prospective ambition, because it will be a generator of innovation Apartment buildings shopping centre company crèche forcing us to invent the services of tomorrow.

is in an authority which dominates, contracts; one is not in a dialogue situation, forever doing deals. It’s a never ending process of having to convince about the relevance of the project; of being open to the fact that the stakeholders for the Part-Dieu, both public and pri- vate can provide intelligent ideas. Whereas often, culturally, “intelli- gence” is only on the side of classic project ownership!

In his work “Part-Dieu, the success of a failure“, Charles Delfante (1) considers that it’s the complexity of the role of stakeholders which led astray the initial project, with each party just thinking about its own interests. Is that not a pitfall which still exists?

It’s not easy being involved in the project with those who are going to implement and use it but in the long run the probability that everything The coproduction District well-served by transport and connections

500,000 Culture, Daily leisure and movements Shopping district 170,000 Users of public A shopping transport / day centre with 650,000 m2 of additional 125,000 267 offices Active and Business shops, inhabited People passing district through the 120 000 35,000 District station /day m2 receiving extra jobs 1,000,000 m2 of offices 135 28 33 1,500 hectares million New 2,200 million homes` 5,000 passengers / year businesses visitors/year inhabitants Up to 45,000 1.2 150 3,500 jobs TGV / day million homes visitors / year to 2,000 the halles 7,500 Hotel room and Public parking hotel residences 14 cinema spaces screens

2,000 seats In the auditorium

50,000 m2 Of facilities created

30 ha Key figures / Of public redeveloped spaces Lyon Part-Dieu Today Tomorrow

12 The designers’ point of view. “The guide plan for our classes on this question of wor- Our very first feeling is that Part- the Part-Dieu project king on the existing city and not Dieu is both this modern heritage just any old city: a rather modern but also this railway station, this is a sort of boxing city. Between this first phase for the extremely important transport ring which one climbs practice and working on the Part- hub, this large shopping centre, Dieu project, we were involved in which makes it hugely important. up on to for a fight” the Grand project, and other Djamel Klouche: What I find sti- mulating is the ability to be able to demonstrate that it is still possible to diversify and to breathe new life into a major project.How do we inject new life into this existing structure without spoiling it and without being dismissive of its his- tory? These are the questions that have always gripped us: how can Interview with François urban projects, notably in . one be really innovative and renew Decoster, Djamel Klouche and We also worked on businessdis- areas without removing or spea- CarolinePoulin, founders of tricts such as La Défense and the king ill of what already exists as the AUC agency and architect- Mériadeck districtin Bordeaux. unfortunately is so often the case townplanners,designers of the in France. We try to do the oppo- Part-Dieu project. It was therefore quite natural that we should find ourselves working The metropolitan question How does the Part-Dieu on a project like this one because was invented in Lyon. project fit into the history it combined questions relating to and the “vocation “of your the conurbation with those about site: which is to say say lots of good practice, the AUC? modern heritage. One of the big- things about this area. This is pro- gest challenges is to work out how bably one of the reasons why this Djamel Klouche: When we star- one can create a big beautiful pro- project has developed between the ted the practice 15 years ago, we ject from a 1960s or 70sheritage concept plan and the guide plan. started with the question of the which is very often a heritage which Whereas very often in town plan- large entities. So we spent all the has been a bit disowned. But it’s also ning, one repeatedly scales down early days of the practice working a fine metropolitan project with a one’s ambitions: we start off in doc- on issues concerning recycling, railway station, a large shopping kers trousers and we end up… in social housing, modern shapes but centre which can be redeveloped, shorts! Here it’s a little bit the case more often than not on the outs- transport systems, tower blocks, of the opposite, for the moment at kirts.At the time, the trend was housing, a special public area and least… very much about “demolition”, a public-private relationship with which was backed by the ANRU the active bases.This project is not But we are determined to get to the (National Urban Redevelopment something that is foreign to our end, with the aim of maintaining Agency). We were quite opposed work, for it has come quite natu- this quality, and this aim over the rally in our development. long-term.

How do we inject new life into What excites you in particular Caroline Poulin: And of even this existing structure without about the Part-Dieu project? going further and continuing to be spoiling it and without being more demanding! dismissive of its history? Caroline Poulin: With the Grea- ter Lyon the work is completely different from that we did for La to this philosophy of doing away Défense. The methods are different with the city’s modern heritage so and the very special positioning of as to create something in its place the project means that we’re dea- which, unfortunately, stood every ling with a subject that is hugely chance of being a lot worse. We ran powerful and very stimulating. You point out that the directors of the atelier internatio- François Decoster: That’s Part-Dieu project raises nal du Grand Paris (Greater Paris exactly what the guide plan is, a metropolitan questions; what public interest group) was only way of insisting upon the Grea- are they? created in June 2011! ter Lyonthat systems need to be put in place which can force the François Decoster: Our practice François Decoster: What lay situation..That’s why I think this tackled the Metropolitan question behind all these business districts project is going from strength to head-on with the Grand Paris, – whether it be Mériadeck in Bor- strength. then notably a study on Brussels. deaux, La Défense or Part-Dieu – Yet Lyon is a very interesting case was a willingness, from above, to Djamel Klouche: When a city in this metropolitan question. decentralise.Today, all these cities asks us to providevery precise are putting together the pieces of specifications which predefine an their metropolitan destiny, by star- architectural formin the town- We find it more interesting ting to network with one another. planning plan, we refuse. We find to stick with aproject The metropolitan question is in a it more interesting to stick with that can speak for itself, way in vogue; it is changing and aproject that can speak for itself, becoming more important. with relatively open specifications, with relatively open and to choose good designers who specifications, and to Several principles set out can make a positive interpreta- choose good designers in the project are presented tion, which is probably more inte- who can make a positive as being “non negotiable“? resting. We are not town-planning How can one impose non- advisors who decide everything. interpretation, which is negotiable principles when All the town planning work which probably more interesting. one is not in control of the real has been done in France over the estate aspect of the project? last 20 years has been done so on Djamel Klouche: It’s perhaps the basis of an enormously pres- even the original case in France. Caroline Poulin: Therein lies criptive approach: The result: In a certain manner, the metro- the whole of our question. It is in frankly not great. It’s better to be politan question was invented in fact only a negotiated contribution more flexible, to give meaning to Lyon. It was addressed politically because there is little control of a project and look for some good well before Paris: the creation of real estate.In this context, how can designers who have the ability to the Greater Lyondates back to 1969 the project stick to its aim and be understand the meaning of this whereas the management board of put in place? project and therefore interpret it

14 and take it further. Because there can see this with the EDF tower In the guide plan, you insist on is a change of scale between the where a new tower helps in the the fact that Part-Dieu must town-planning and architectural renovation of an old tower. The attract contents with quality, work. same goes for the PDG project: and that are innovative.What it’ll be necessary to enlarge it in type of contents do you have Caroline Poulin: These non- orderto renovate it. These copro- in mind? negotiable principles apply to eve- duction principles for improving rybody but every person can use the ecological or environmental François Decoster: Too often them as they see fit. performance of the district are cities don’t realise the potential of therefore active. But they are not some of the places. They tend to pick On reading the Part-Dieu guide obvious: we are not repainting the up everything that is going to be pre- plan, several people concerned Part-Dieu green! sented, in a sort of crisis logic. What with the project had the we said fairly quickly was: No, Part- feeling that the “sustainable Caroline Poulin: The eco-dis- development “aspect was not tricts have got us used to the No,Part-Dieu is not at all in a sufficiently evident. What do projects painted in green, with state of crisis, on the contrary you feel about this reaction? greenery everywhere, even when it is hyper attractive; we shouldn’t this is impossible. There is often a just give away this district François Decoster: We haven’t false image; messages come across applied this subject to the project as strong when in fact they are a Dieu is not at all in a state of crisis, on but now we’re going to work on it. little deceptive. But that doesn’t the contrary it is hyper attractive; we How can one get it across that there put off a perspectivist from dis- shouldn’t just give away this district. is nature in the city at Part-Dieu? playing trees on a space which There are loads of other places in We’re starting to form a strategy is home to a basement car park Lyon for producing plain old offices! which we’ll be able to promote. where normally trees don’t grow! So, it’s necessary to insist upon deve- One is not going to plant a single lopers and investors that there pro- But the principles which are deve- tree along the Boulevard Vivier- ject must be very innovative. For loped in the project are, even so, Merle because there are these example on diversity. We see it in very active in the field of sustai- enormous pipes, with the network certain programs which seek to mix nable development. It’s a case systems underneath. Some of hotels, offices, and homes. They are of making sure that new and old them create images to appeal, small examples of innovation. The are not in competition with one yet we refuse to be won over by active bases are also a way of being a another but in coproduction. We images. little more demanding. Do you have the feeling that the And one gets out of the ring once explained a little more clearly in project is progressing well and one has decided on something. It’s respect of the debate with all the quickly? on the basis of this document that stakeholders. The negotiation is all the meetings are arranged. A subsequently carried out when François Decoster: Yes, but for few people are a little worried or each project reaches its opera- almost two years we have been in are opposed, others are happy to tional phase. The reference Plan the negotiating phase. The guide go along with the project. This mentions the projects which were plan is a sort of boxing ring which document has enabled the posi- negotiated at the end of 2011. one climbs up on to for a fight. tion regarding the project to be

The point of view of a stakeholder “There aren’t even certain number of major university has a business centre, a major ten districts in sites. In particular it is connected shopping centre and a very large to Gerland district, to the Rhône rail hub all at the same time- the Europe which have quays and to the Doua area, three largest connecting train station the potential that major sites for the Lyon city cam- in France for that matter! – with pus. One can also add Lyon south direct links to an airport which Part-Dieu has” which one day willl be served by itself has plenty of opportunities line B of the métro. Part-Dieu also for development. More real estate has regular direct connections to opportunities for more homes. Saint-Etienne. Plus the largest municipal library in France. Plus the Auditorium. So Part-Dieu has the very esta- Plus the possibilities for public blished status of solar plexus of the spaces. All that connected to legen- Lyon conurbation. Part-Dieu is a dary locations in the Greater Lyon switch within which there is always the possibility of being able to get There aren’t even ten business Two questions to Michel to a major university site. For me, districts in Europe which have Lussault,professor of geography Part-Dieu really is one of the major this potential so we shouldn’t at the Ecole normale supérieure centres of the conurbation; the underplay our hand! de Lyon (Lyon Civil Servant notion of metropolitan hub seems Higher Education Institute), to me to be entirely appropriate. and only a short distance from chairman of the PRES (Regional the Rhône. The potential that this cluster for higher Education) Contrary to what one may think, district has is incredible! And it’s University of Lyon Saint-Etienne. Part-Dieu is also a social location not as though it is La Défense: it’s which is heavily frequented and not the other side of the city’s ring In what respect is the used by young people in particular. road, it’s right in the heart of the University of Lyon interested I pay particular attention to this city. in the area of the Part-Dieu ? aspect because University is always relevant to a city’s young people, Part-Dieu for me is THE project Part-Dieu is not a university site with their cultural and social life. in Lyon. If Lyon wants to become in the strict sense of the word, but Furthermore, Part-Dieu is home a global urban centre, here’s is a site, where, bearing in mind the to the central Municipal library where one is going to have to pull density of the public transport which is also a university library, all the stops out over the next ten network, all the users and partners in the sense that it is used by years. of the University cross paths at one many people from the university, moment or another. It’s a kind of students and lecturers alike. pulsating heart which our students and lecturers pass through and You are a geographer and town leave. planner by training. What view do you have on Part-Dieu? Furthermore, when one looks at a university map, Part-Dieu is loca- There are very few districts in ted almost at the barycentre of a Europe like Part-Dieu where one

16 The Part-Dieu tower or so-called “tour Crayon”

The running of the project

2009 2010 July 2009: publication December 2009 June 2010: approval by of the invitation to and January 2010: Gérard Collomb of the tender for the Program organisation of Prospective strategy for the support and 4 prospective and the concept Plan. design of the Lyon workshops. Part-Dieu project. End August 2010: March 2010: presentation of the End of October 2009: first Recommendations Part-Dieu project to Choice of group from the AUC, ProD, the 12th Architecture l’AUC / CITEC / Pro- CITEC and RFR. biennal in Venice, as Development / RFR part of the “Métropolis” Details. exhibition produced by Dominique Perrault for November and the pavillon français December 2009: (French House). mobilisation of the services of the Greater Lyon. The first stages of the project

A new way of making a city

From the very start of the Part-Dieu ject. It was in this cocktail of ideas and a common ambition. project, the Greater Lyonopted for that the town planners and desi- an original way of running the pro- gners of the project, l’AUC, came up The development and regeneration ject, which would favour collective with their first recommendations. capacity of Part-Dieu will be based intelligence. In the first instance the partly on coproduction, but also, Greater Lyon asked all its depart- Mindful about pursuing this stra- even if the project is also going to ments to share their vision of this tegic reflection at a time when the require it, on substantial public area. Then the local government project was entering its operational investment. This new way of making compared the view of these techni- phase, the Greater Lyonorganised the city, involves inventing, with the cians and experts from the operatio- a new workshop in September 2011 project, the tools for producing and nal field with the thoughts of more on the “Services strategy” to be governing it, as well as innovative remote intellectuals. developed at Part-Dieu. Others fol- means of communication. This new way of making lowed: the economic strategy and the and “easy ground” in 2012. The interactive model of the the city, involves inventing, Part-Dieu project, produced by with the project, the tools for In parallel, the Part-Dieu Mission ENCORE, the visual communi- producing and governing it, was boosted; this solid and reactive cation and graphics agency, is an as well as innovative means task force has the support of all of example of an innovative commu- the departments of the Greater Lyon nications tool.Because the anima- of communication and has resolute political backing. ted films are regularly updated, In December 2009 and January It is a priority among the various this model is able to demonstrate a 2010,four workshops were dedica- stakeholders of the project - private, project which is active and moving ted to “unlocking the imagination including many investment compa- and constantly changing. Whilst it of what is possible“to use the expres- nies, and public or paragovernmen- is based on strong and stable prin- sion of Jean-Loup Molin, director tal – to explain the strategic vision ciples, the Part-Dieu project is of the Department for Prospection for the future of this area. And to always one open to discussion and and Public Dialogue of the Greater discuss the way in which their par- which experiments with an adap- Lyon,and to involve all the stakehol- ticular programs can be incorpora- table, partnership based and co- ders in the coproduction of the pro- ted in the service of a shared project decided town-planning.

20 2011 2012 January 2011: March 2011: May 2012: workshop Approval by Gérard presentation of the “ Economic Collomb of the Guide interactive digital positioning “. plan, More precise, model for the Lyon more structured and Part-Dieu project to the April to July 2012: more operational form MIPIM. workshop “Easy to the concept Plan Ground “. including details of September 2011: scheduling, sustainable “Strategy Services 13 September 2012: development strategy “workshop. Public meeting for 2013 presenting the Lyon and transportation. Start of 2013: approval November 2011: Part-Dieu / Rue of the updating and Approval by Gérard Garibaldi project. development of the Collomb of the project through the reference Plan. End 2012: Organisation V2 (chapter 2) of the of three conference- reference Plan. debates.

EXPLANATION with the same stakeholders, develo- Jean-Yves Chapuis, consultant pers or departments so as to share with the job of supporting “Public-private our ideas and learn from each other. the Part-Dieu project, likes to coproduction is the And we do this until we are in com- remind people that in urban plete agreement! All that organised project management, it is new order of urban as part of the Part-Dieu Mission; essential to be able to juggle production “ Every fortnight there are coproduc- strategic and operational tion sessions, work or architectural consideration. Do you consultancy meetings, theme based recognise yourself in this workshops, creativity groups, in dynamic of work in progress? which members of the group take part. It’s in those moments that you This is also a particularity of the climb into the “ring” that François Part-Dieu project. This site is so Decoster was talking about. I like attractive that many developers this image a lot which I find very had their own projects when we fair,because it’s the place and the launched the project. It was out of moment of confrontation with the the question of “going off on a tan- Interview with Nathalie operators, there’s tension sometimes gent”, or competing against each Berthollier, director of the urban and the atmosphere can get heated, other’s ideas. The project strategy project, Lyon Part-Dieu Mission. but in the end it’s always an improved is the result of the integration of project which emerges. Finally, we these private plans. Conversely, it From the very start of the are creating value for everybody and is thanks to the urban strategy pro- project, you sensed that the especially for Part-Dieu. It’s a very vided by the Greater Lyon that pri- project could be done jointly. new way of making the city.It’s a pro- vate developments are emerging How have the negotiations fessional practice which is going to and developing today. Operations gone and what does the image becomemore and more widespread and strategy which are being jug- of the “boxing ring” suggested in a context where local government gled at the Part-Dieu, are forever by François Decoster mean no longer has the means of backing thriving and inter-acting. for you? too many real estate programsor creating multiple ZAC.(concerted At the same time, it’s a difficulty Yes indeed from the start, we’ve development zones) Public-private which has to be managed, often been linking up, meeting, discus- co-production, is the new order for one has to progress fast on cer- sing and negotiating everything all urban production. And perhaps it is tain items which are an inherent the time, it never stops! At each new the case that we are in the process of part of a mammoth project which stage of the project, we meet again inventing it at Part-Dieu. is a long term undertaking and demands time to be structured Everything was built over time, pro- upon high standards. Without a and to mature. Designing the city gressively, in a way which was both shadow of a doubt, it is impossible to of tomorrow is not something that organised and intuitive thanks design such a project,to manage and can be done in 5 minutes. Convin- to a lot of persistence. We were develop it without being demanding cing people to implement innova- confronted with a project situa- of the highest standards. This is an tive concepts, often going against tion and a professional positioning outstanding site therefore eve- established habits also takes time. which were hitherto unknown and rything that happens and is built It’s this type of contradictions that so we had to invent.With the AUC, there must be just as outstanding, we’re constantly up against. we’ve come up with the different which requires us to forever be vigi- steps and used different framework lant and demanding. It is from being There is an interpersonal side documents to shape the project - outstanding in all departments that in the role of the stakeholders concept plan, guide plan,reference the outstanding Part-Dieu that we that comes into consideration. plan -, and at the same time we have are planning will be born. One senses a complicity, invented the tools, the authorities a community of views and and the work processes, developed The very innovative interactive values between the project relationships and a work climate model of the Part-Dieu ownership and the project and even coloured the project with project was a great hit at the management. How does that certain values. MIPIM. Will you be continuing impact on the project? to encourage the design of How would you describe the innovative systems to explain In the case of this project, one gets values that the project owner this project? the feeling that the right people subscribes to? are there at the right time, in the We can’t spend the whole day prea- right place and on the rightnsub- First of all the ability to listen, ching and demanding innovation because from the beginning we’ve without applying this level of stan- It is impossible to design such listened to the numerous partici- dards to ourselves. We are an inno- a project, to manage and pants in the project and the depart- vative project owner, as much in the develop it without being ments of the Greater Lyonand the manner we manage the project, as demanding of the highest City of Lyon who have contributed in the tools we use for communica- a lot in terms of skills and exper- tion.This model is the result of the standards. tise to the Part-Dieu Mission. We’re cooperation and the convergence of ject. The project is the result of very grateful for this. Even if this views between the Part-Dieu Mis- meetings, agreements and unders- coproduction causes some confron- sion and the AUC team. Once the tanding between professionals who tation, I think that this has always tender process was completed we are on the same wavelength and been in a spirit of Respect of the chose ENCORE to see it through. who share the same vision. One people and of their respective aims Everyone is of the opinion that is a thing is certain, we are all playing by trying to understand the other great successwhich is proving to be our part in a great adventure. It’s party’s principles. I think Trust is an effective and robust tool for pres- an adventure because nothing had an important value too : trust in enting the project in many environ- been decided on at the beginning the project, in its participants, the ments. It is an initialand important : we really started from nothing, politicians, departments, internally communication tool which has there was absolutely nothing set within the Part-Dieu Mission team made a name for itself well beyond in stone not even the political bac- and between the project owners and the local stakeholders. We are going king for example. managers. The last value: Insistence to pursue this path.

22 Interactive model of the project REACTION REACTION EXPLANATION “The project owner is “The departments “The coproduction, changing its stance” are very heavily DNA of the project” involved”

Jean-Louis Meynet, partner at Bernard Badon, Part-Dieu CMN Partners, project architect, Jean-Philippe Hanff, Managing Mission. and member of the AUC group. Director for the economic international Development of the “Because it is spelt out clearly, “Coproduction is essential because Greater Lyon(DGDEI). the project designed by the AUC development is achieved by wor- is quite easily understandable king with stakeholders and not “The DGDEI is fully on-board with in respect of its aims, its issues, against or in spite of them. On the the project because it is not just its methods.The project requires Part-Dieu, they are rather excited an urban project of paramount innovative expertise to be deve- and in favour of change, sensing importance, it is above all an urban loped notably in the production the need for change in the district. project with an economic purpose. processes but what also charac- Lyon is a showcase for France in Our involvement can also clearly terises it is that it reflects social terms of involvement of the public be seen within the Part-Dieu Mis- skills. This forces everyone to take sector in urban development over sion because there is one person in account of the way the other person the last 20 years. It confirms the charge of the economic develop- lives in respect of his or her profes- prevalence of the project owner ment who is doubly allocated to the sion, and position as a company, over the development. The act of Part-Dieu Mission / DGDEI. developer or local government. developing is a primary one in the structuring and the development All the departments are wor- This involves a new stance from of the district and the city. Lyon king with the Part-Dieu Mission: the project owner. At Confluence, has cultivated a good image for if there are negotiations which or in most of the projects that are are delicate, the DFI, The Real backed by the Greater Lyon,the The coproduction is Estate and Property Directorate, real estate is acquired and put on Inevitably going to is excellently placed to see them the market; the local government shake things up in the through. The DSE, the Corporate controls the whole of the project. Services Agency, is involved in a Here we control the aim, the stra- departments of the number of ways, such as a develo- tegic forecasting and it is by using Greater Lyon, that’s to say per of hotel services, of the living this that the project is developed. the least! lab (which are places where co- We have little real estate to sell, working is organised and where just engineering and strategy. That itself through this stance. Copro- digital solutions are tested taking stance forces us to be very precise duction implies collective work: it advantage of the influx from Part- and to the point. Otherwise we takes longer and is more complex Dieu), of new uses, shops, services. wouldn’t know how to resist the but is normally better incorpora- The implication for daily life is pressure from different people. ted. With the Part-Dieu, the pro- very strong, one can even call it a Our partners know that if they are ject owner changes the style, and dovetailing.” not part of this strategic positio- essentially sets out the underlying ning, they won’t have the ability to theme and the project manage- act alone. So what remains is the ment is shared. Coproduction is negotiation; the coproduction is inevitably going to shake things up the DNA of the project.” in the departments of the Greater Lyon, that’s not to say the least!” With Unibail, which manages the Shopping centre, for example, we have had discussion upon discus- sion and gradually, we are mana- ging to share a project in the name

24 of a common vision that everyone is Kevin Lhuissier all met at the H5 and hours of work shared between helping develop. To the advantage studio where several of them worked the AUC, ENCORE and the Part- of all sides: progress is being made on the production of Logorama, the Dieu Mission were needed to pro- by everybody and to the advan- animated film produced using 3,000 duce this “object of modern art” as tage of everybody. The principles logos and which won the Oscar for Gérard Collomb likes to present it. that have been set by the AUC the best short animation film in 2010 have beenrefined. They have been and César award in France for the improved by acting in harmony bestshort film in 2011. EXPLANATION with what the partners provide, who also have values, principles, They met the AUC during a Nuit “We are all economic constraints, etc. It’s all Blanche (All night-long festival) supporters of this this that allows the project to move for which they produced the film forward. I don’t think we can say about abotched prestige property project; and we’re all that either partner has won or lost development, Immorose, about the happy about it” with respect to the other one. It is Forney library in Paris. “We like to the project which is the winner.” question what there is behind the codes” explains Hervé de Crécy. They created the visual identity for EXPLANATION the AUC, for which they like “the atypical, organic approach of the How can a town city” and the configuration: “it’s planning project be a a magma of various skills which continuously incorporates different presented differently? trades and people” he continues. in the words of Véronique Moreover ENCORE has recently Granger, director of Pro To design the interactive digital joined the group formed around Développement, a member of the modelfor the Part-Dieu project,the the AUC for working on the imple- group formed around the l’AUC. graphic designers from ENCORE mentation of the “easy ground”. reinterpreted the usual town-plan- For this model, the order from the I’m quite staggered to see that all ning codes. Part-Dieu Mission was to present the ideas put forward during the the project in an innovative man- concept plan have been studied, During its first presentation, to the ner in the form of an interactive revived; I can’t see any that have MIPIM (International Market for digital table which should also be been abandoned. Even the consi- Property Trade)in March 2011, the an attractive item. So ENCORE deration of the SDF is progressing. model for the Part-Dieu project embarked on a veritable design Where we have been produced by the ENCORE agency process for the model object like fortunate, is the tremendous received worldwide acclaim. Digital images and sound with an artistic and interactive, it does away with the direction.“The added value is on the support from the Greater traditional foam or wooden models. design, on the visual interpretation Lyon: The video screens depict the dis- of the town-planning project. We Where we have been fortunate, is trict more through movement and had to find special writing” explains the tremendous support from the traffic than through buildings. Quentin Brachet. The team, at the Greater Lyon: it is a very profes- And contrast the project as much time under the project directio- sional project owner which belie- through systems and operational nof Donatien Darnaud worked on ves in the project, and helps us to entities as through functions. The arborescence, and radicalised the avoid any waste. The people from plexiglass volumes representing colour tints. The concepts of “cultu- the Greater Lyon are by and large ral crossing” or of “easy ground” coproducers in the thought pro- The added value is on involved animated illustrations: cess, we’re not acting as simple the design, on the visual with bubbles opening up, people service providers. They know their interpretation of the town- walking along. brief by heart, that’s the difference planning project. between a study Program for which “So as not to give a portrayal of we are mere service providers and the constructions are displayed in something which was not yet in having a role of coproducer. We are digital films which are regularly existence”, the graphic designers all on board with this project. updated, to reflect the development from ENCORE opted for a tinted of the project. The designers of this area graphism and symbolic codes. When there is a good project tailor made model come from gra- “We gave preference to the idea, to owner and and a good urban pro- phic and animation backgrounds, symbolisation, and shape in order ject management team, that’s fine. “from an engaged graphic culture” to provide a better explanation of And the Chairman of the Greater they point out. Quentin Brachet, the main principles of the project” Lyon has really taken the project to François Alaux, Hervé de Crécy and explains Quentin Brachet. Hours heart. In a word we’re all happy!” The major Themes for the project

Sustainable transport systems Priority to the interconnections to the metro, tion to succeed without increasing intermodality. tram and bus lines but also to the car traffic.This means moving over RhônExpress which serves the in a big way to environmentally Mobility is the real airport. friendly transport systems, along key for entering and the lines of some very ambitious But then also there’s the road targets because by 2030, 35.5% of locking - Part-Dieu. traffic which transits through the journeys will need to be done by To enhance the district structured routes which partly public transport and 10% by bicycle without choking it, the pass underground via tunnels and (compared to barely 2% today). underpasses, in order to separate Part-Dieu project has the functions and to free up space The other key element to this stra- developed a strategy of for pedestrians at surface level, on tegy: the unravelling of public the paved areas. transport services which currently sustainable transport are concentrated around the rai- systems which focusses Designed at a time when everyone lway station. The idea is to expand on the development took their own car, Part-Dieu has the number of journeys by public seen a boom in public transport transport across the whole district, of collective and which has taken up a part of the using the principle of quite an environmentally space at surface level, contributing intricate network which would pro- to the choking of car traffic by res- vide a very strong area coverage. friendly modes. tricting the number of lanes in use This would free up public spaces and making life for pedestrians thus making the “easy ground”, Its situation as a “hub” makes the more difficult. comfortable for pedestrians. Part-Dieu an entrance and a redis- tribution area for all the flows wit- The Part-Dieu project involves An action plan is currently being hin the conurbation. Today there major development of the dis- discussed with the different stake- are something like 500,000 move- trict with more offices, more holders concerned, principally the ments per day at the Part-Dieu. homes,more facilities and there- departments of the Greater Lyon fore more people moving around. but also the Lyon public transport This is the case for public transport The aim of the strategy for sustai- authority, the Sytral, to agree on because it is the Part-Dieu that is nable transport system is to create the terms of implementing this home to the Lyon rail hub, with the conditions for this intensifica- strategy. Increase in passenger numbers at the railway station by 2030

160 000 100 % 140 000 136 000 2010

120 000 2020 106 000 2030 100 000

80 000 68 400 64 % 60 000 54 000

43 500 Number of passengers 40 000 100 % 60 % 33 000

20 000 17 000 16 000 13 000 13 000 8 550 10 000

0 Number of Train journeys Others: Transport city passengers in transit Co-travellers, or Public Transport regular customers,… > city or Public Transport

28

EXPLANATION You are working in various and continues to do so despite all countries on developing the measures taken over recent “Changing alternatives to the “all car“ years: Grenelle, SRU, LOTI, etc behaviours to change situation. What’s your (1). It’s a merciless scenario facing assessment of the situation mankind. the city” in France?

Within French society, everything If we can’t change people’s is in place for a new revolution. behaviour, we can’t change The current urban situation is out the city. of place and is creating an inhu- man society. Transport takes up far too much time in people’s lives. It’s not only an ecological issue. I’m This is linked to the fact that space trying to be a participant who puts has become too specialised: it’s a bit of urbanness back into our either housing, offices or shopping cities.The way to do this is to deve- Interview with Philippe Gasser, centres. This requires pipelines lop alternatives to the car. The car Transport specialist and (metro, ring road, etc.) not very is a marvellous invention but totally Town planner, member of the interesting. These long journeys destructive because it kills public Management board of CITEC are not particularly enjoyable, spaces. If the public space can’t Ingénieurs Conseils, Incorporated which overallmeans a poor quality be used by the ordinary citizen, within the group formedaround of life. (…) For years France has put then there is no community and no the AUC. everything into the car economy society. This is our basic philosophy.

An increase in public transport users by 2030

160 000

140 000 134 300 2010

120 000 2020 +78 % 2030

100 000 95 700

80 000

70 580

60 000

46 600 43 700 40 000

Number of passengers 34 600 35 739 31 700 28 600 23 800 21 200 21 195 22 300 20 000 18 700 16 300 11 938 11 458 12 854

0 Trolleybus Métro Tramway Trolleybus Bus Tramway (C3) (B) (T1) (C1, C2) (C6, C7, C9, (T3 et T4) C13, C25, 25, 37, 38, 70)

Stops Stops : Vivier-Merle and others (Desaix, Renaudel, Stops Part-Dieu Part Dieu Sud, Servient, Auditorium, Garibaldi, Villette Jules Favre Lafayette) equivalent to 9,000 M/D)

Sources : Sytral (OD survey, 2011) and Egis Rail estimation for 2020 and 2030 30 What is your analysis of the What solutions do you have in REACTION Part-Dieu district? your arsenal? “Giving priority to Part-Dieu is an extraordinary site There are several approaches that collective types of Because it is dense, in the city and we can use. First on the type of whichholds enormous potential for transport used for making one’s transport “ journey : if we use a tram rather transformation. This site is tre- than a car, the factor is three. Then mendously well served by public there are the times at which the transport. It’s one of the rare rai- journey is made : staggering the lway stations in France which has times for the deliveries, mainte- the whole range of TGV and TER nance, commuter flows. Finally the trains, and is the largeston the necessity to travel: Is a town to be French Rail Network. designed for people to live 40 km away in a house? Or for them to At first sight you’d say that it is work close to where they live? Interview with Bernard Rivalta, chock-a-block and that there’s Chairman of the SYTRAL, Rhône nothing that can be done. But then When we compare these parame- and Lyon Conurbation Transport one realises that that the situa- ters, we realise that we have the Authority. tion can be turned around, to see answers concerning the increase things differently. The district is of people flows whereas car flows One of the aims of the Part- full because it was designed using will remain unchanged. The star- Dieu project is to densify the a principle where all the transport ting point is that if we can’t change District whilst maintaining connections were concentrated in behaviour, wecan’t change the city. car traffic. Howcan one avoid front of the station. Hence the fun- an embolism, anticipate the damental point: the system needs At what point do changes inevitable increase in the to be loosened. People need to be become acceptable to number of public transport able to move about over a larger citizens? journeys that will come with area: over the whole of the Part- this urban densification? Dieu district and,not just around The main difficulty concerning the area of the station. the project will be in 2 or 3 years’ The aim is to develop as efficiently time, when it comes to putting as possible but also to carry out the The second point: a survey of theory into practice, which is redevelopment of the multimodal couples found that a large majo- when we’ll have to always be able transport hub (PEM) including rity of journeys at Part-Dieu are to provide something sufficiently the railway station by 2020-2030. done on foot yet the public spaces positive to very widely counterba- This work will be carried out offered to pedestrians are at a bare lance the changes in habits which Jointly with the respective levels of minimum. If one thinks of a public will accompany the project. Here government(Greater Lyon,Region, space as one’s own, one changes are some examples of added value: State) and the operators and mana- completely and one can increase more public transport, an open gement authorities of the networks the potential. shopping centre, easy ground… concerned (RFF – French Rail People are not necessarily ready Network,SNCF, Kéolis). for change but they will be if we provide them with facilities which The use of public transport at Part- are as powerful as “easy ground”. Dieu is expected to double by 2030 (growth will be stronger thanon (1) The Grenelle acts of 1, 2, and 24 June the rest of the network), as is also 2009 and 12 July 2010 are a national expected to be the case for the rai- commitment for the environment. The SRU act of 13 December 2000 relates to the urban lway station, with the completion, solidarity and renewal. LOTI is the Law on the first,of the redevelopment of its Organisation of Internal Transport,published on 30 December 1982 and recodified within the access points, followed by the Lyon transport code of December 2010. Rail Hub.

This strong growth is factored in to our investment prospects and is in line with our analyses, which themselves are tied in with the implementation of the Energy Cli- mate Plan for the Greater Lyonand the Plan for protecting the atmos- phere of the Greater Lyon. The edge of the train station But there’s no point being EXPLANATION is a particularly “congested” dogmatic,either one way or ano- spot. How can this problem ther. (…) Travel and the Road be overcome whilst at the Network, hyper same time planning be made It’s important to remember that for an expected increase in on the Part-Dieu quadrilate- mobile Services. public transport traffic (TC) ral, 80% of users get on/off at the as a result of the continued Vivier-Merle stop, at the heart of The Travel department and the development of rail based the urban, commercial and inter- Greater Lyon Road Network traffic? change correspondence. A line Authority have widely contribu- terminus,which whilst it can mean ted to the creation of “sustainable The necessity of encouraging getting on and off, also offers mobility” strategy at Part Dieu. people to change to another mode a certain attractiveness to the The Travel department is working of transport for the Part-Dieu dis- clientele,notably for routes which on, in respect and in response to trict involves the provision of a real are used by people who don’t live the proposals for accessibility in alternative for members of the in the conurbation but who are the urban area, for parking and public and users of differentmeans attracted by connections to major for deliveries but also on the deve- of travel. It is right to consider facilities because they know there lopment of the Lyon rail hub which applying an order of priority to be are regular services which will get will impact directly on Part-Dieu given to transport modes like wal- them to where they want to go. by 2030. king, cycling,urban or rail public transport, private motor vehicles, All this may change over time and The Road Network Authority to provide optimal access to the as the projects are implemented. which has amongst its Programs district and to its attractive facili- It is important to have alternatives the development and servicing of ties. The facilities allowed will have available and to retain the ability public community space as well as to be decided upon depending on to adapt. the management of transport sys- capacities, times, disturbance tems in the area (road traffic, sys- caused… It is inconceivable that We will all be winners if the district tems for cyclists, priority given to we could leave the heart of the dis- can be redesigned and easy ground public transport, etc.) is also fully trict clogged up by private vehicles designed, because we are commit- on board. which would have to find parking ted to continuing to make travel- ling a better experience and also to Together, the departments have promoting easy public transport. worked on producing proposals The use of public transport for alternative solutions to using at Part-Dieu is expected to Is the Sytral ready to take on the car. In order to achieve the double by 2030 board the major principles of ambitious target of 10% of trans- the Part-Dieu project, at the port done by bike, “the number risk of, if need be, modifying of cycle paths in the sector needs spaces the numbers of which would projects which are already to be increased, good connections have to be regulated, whereas users underway or scheduled? needed to be provided to the other of other transport modes would hubs of the conurbation and secure have to cover additional or access We have adopted a coproductive parking lots need to be provided distances which are too great, even dynamic. We have by and large for several hundreds of cycles: at on an “easy ground”. planned our priorities focussing least 2,000 by the completion of on the “redesign” of the district but the urban project” explains Valé- You have started loosening also on public transports and more rie Philippon-Béranger, director the tram hub to the east generally on environmentally for the Road Network Authority. at the place de Francfort. friendly modes, and have opted for Yet “loosening “the public solutions which suit the timescale transport hub next to the and pace of the redevelopment of railway station, stretching it the district. The partnership spirit, out to a wider quadrilateral, is the very spirit in which we work avoiding having terminating and contribute. trains parking there, are what are strongly recommended by the Part-Dieu project. Do you subscribe to these principles?

Yes of course, we had no hesitation when we knew it was necessary to widen our field of services.

32 “For collective transport systems, This strategy also involves thought type involving resident parking by we have made some suggestions being given to deliveries – which day and commercial by night. for the interconnecting the urban is part of a Europeanprogram network, in order to be in line with in which different solutions will the aim of the project which is to be,tested, notably with the LUTB loosen this hub and its aims in (Lyon Urban Trucks and Bus) com- respect of property development” petitiveness cluster – and car par- continues Olivier Laurent. king – with a study on pooling of a Types of nature in the city and the quality of the urban ambiences Nature is also stretches along the southern Part- “perception”,an “ambience” of a question of Dieu and the “built-in housing nature to make upfor the absence estate”(the areas covered by France of the real thing. atmosphere. TV and the City Hall). ThePart-Dieu project involves developing new When the guide plan was first parks to fit in with a parkland conti- These two worlds, artificial and produced, the AUC mentioned nuity which runs from the Parc de natural, cohabit at the Part- “natures in town”, with an “s”.The la Tête d’or in the north to the parc use of the plural demonstrates that Sergent Blandan to the south, but Dieu, almost symmetrically. nature takes various forms: those also with the banks of the Rhône. involving trees planted in the open The term “ambience” is also itself ground or greenery grown artifi- The world of artificial natureis on important. The sustainable deve- cially, on the concrete of the paving display on the concrete, at the heart lopment strategy of the Part-Dieu stones, building patios and in glass- of thePart-Dieu and within the area projectis indeed based on the “the houses. In parks as well as in the taken up by the railway station rea- quality of urban ambiences”, in urban cracks. dily scaling the heights as ifto have other words comfort for users of a view or reach the sky. The Part- the district which in turn depends These two worlds, artificial and Dieu project involves notably deve- on factors such as the amount of natural,cohabit at the Part-Dieu, in loping this “manufactured” nature sunshine, natural light, acoustics, an almost symmetrical fashion. on the patio roof of the shopping the presence of nature, etc. Just centre which is intendedto become some of the details which impact on The world of nature in open ground a public spacewhich will offer a energy,climate or biodiversity.

Auditorium of the Lyon Orchestra EXPLANATION What are these big principles? Does the same go for the presence of green spaces “I challenge The first principle is to create a at the Part-Dieu, which developers to move strong link between the Inside and remain very much associated outside of the district. in people’s minds, with away from the sustainable development? principles of air- In their homes, people need to be able to open their windows,maybe The presence of greenery is in no conditioning and the to have balconies. In today’s offices, way a guarantee of sustainable closed space” I maintain that it’s the same thing: development in the district; it the time when in offices one could forms part of the of the wider ques- manage noise by closing the win- tion of the quality of ambiences. dows and then using the air-condi- tioning has passed. I challenge Greenery can for example be pre- developers to move away from sent in a mineral environment, for these principles of air conditioning example with pavements which and closed space! have natural cracks, or very tiny things inserted in to them. A lot It’s a reversal from a certain prac- more work needs tobe done on this tice of the 1970s when buildings subject. Interview with Benjamin were focussed on the inside. We Cimerman, director of RFR need to succeed in creating urban Eléments, member of the group ambiences so that buildings can formed around the AUC for open up more fully on to the city. Each building must have as sustainable development strategy. Every building can contributeto much of a positive impacton its this by having a size, a shape, which In the guide plan the point favours and optimises sunlight. environment as is possible. is made about “urban Each building must have as much ambiences“. What do you of a positive impact on its environ- mean by that? ment as is possible. It’s a win-win An audit concerning biodiversity situation. at Part-Dieu has been carried out. The terminology refers to a notion It particularly concerns thespace that goes beyond the technical, How can we promote this taken up by the railway tracks. This and lies more in the realm of com- principle of opening and do could be a starting point for lands- fort, physiology and psychology. without air-conditioning? caping work. The word“ambience” enables one to go beyondquantitative concerns We can take steps to keep to a mini- Part-Dieu is home to many concerning the light or the wind. mum if not, do away with cooling offices. Yet, generally, the How do these external ambiences systems in summer. This depends work spaces hardly ever stand also create a quality of life inside on the quality of the building out through the quality of their buildings? It’s a vital question casings, the control of incoming ambiences… because buildings need to open up sunlight and natural nightime ven- to their environment. tilation, which makes it possible to I am quite astounded by the lack use the thermic inertia of the buil- of humanity that we put into these ding. We require the developers to work spaces.The office all in white be able to demonstrate the ability and totallydistressing, was not It’s a win-win situation. of the buildings to function wit- made to make people happy and Buildings need toopen up on hout mechanical cooling even if creative. to their environment. that is what they do indeed plan to do, as a preventative measure. Orders are still made for offices We try to decide on a certain num- in white, with purely functional ber of principles. Each building principles.We need to take into has to contribute to the quality of account the “productivity” aspect its immediate environment. Fur- to work,which is linked to the qua- thermore the district needs to be lity of life in the work place. For me inhabitable during its progressive this would be the redesigning of redevelopment, which will take 20 Part-Dieu interms of sustainable years or more. development.It’s a real society issue!

34 Natures in the city Natures en ville : A Place suspendue Natures en ville : B Place Guichard C Serre lot J AD pJardin lace de suspendue la Bibliothèque E Place du Lac A place suspendue BF pJardinslace deGuichard toitures B place Guichard G Mail nord-sud CH SerreMail est-ouest lot J C Serre lot J i Jardin Jeanne Jugan D Jardin de la bibliothèque J Square Ste Marie Perrin D Jardin de la bibliothèque K Square des Martyrs E place du Lac de la Résistance E place du Lac L Place Astride Briand F Jardins de toitures M Place Bir Hakeim F Jardins de toitures N Parc de la Buire G Mail nord-sud O Esplanade du Dauphiné G Mail nord-sud H Mail est-ouest 1.1 H Mail est-ouest 1.1 I Jardin Jeanne Jugan I Jardin Jeanne Jugan 2.1 J Square Sainte Marie perrin 2.1 A J Square Sainte Marie perrin A2.2 K Square des Martyrs de la Résistance 2.2 2.3 K Square des Martyrs de la Résistance c 2.3 L place Aristide briand c 2.4 L place Aristide briand 2.4 b M placeb bir Hakeim d M place bir Hakeim d N parc de la buire 3.1 N parc de la buire 3.1 f I O Esplanade du dauphiné 3.2 f I O Esplanade du dauphiné 3.2 E G 3.3 E G 3.3 3.4 H 3.4 H J 3.5 J 3.5

K 4.1 K 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4

5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 L 5.4 L 5.4

O O M M

N N

Arbres Arbres Esp. verts existants projet sur dalle Arbres Arbres Esp. verts existants projet sur dalle

Jardins Serre Terrasses publics lot J plantées Jardins Serre Terrasses publics lot J plantées

0 100m 200m 500m Lyon Part-Dieu 39 0 100m 200m 500m Lyon Part-Dieu 39 REACTION REACTION Vert” (Green Kmer revolutionary), and I don’t say that there should be “Producing spaces “Nature is not just green everywhere! where man feels greenery” On the rue Garibaldi, we are good” going to develop aquatic gardens Alain Marguerit, landscaper and which are totally artificial. I don’t town planner, project manager reject artificial systems. But one for the redevelopment of the rue shouldn’t say “I replace one with Garibaldi. the other”. We work in a comple- mentary fashion. Nature, is not just greenery: it’s the very way that man works with the The artificial ground will never be natural elements in all their diver- a fertile ground, but that shouldn’t sity: sun, wind etc. Elysée Reclus, prevent us from growing greenery the 19th century the anarchist on paving stones. You just need Gilles Buna, vice-chairman of the and geographer spoke of cities to know that greenery on paving Greater Lyon in charge of Town and the countryside as being com- stones uses up an awful lot of water. planning and the Environment. plementary to one another and in We need to be clear in our minds a relationship between man and about this diversified approachto “Public spaces are certainly not the natural elements surrounding the natural elements in a city which absent from the Part-Dieu (place him.These are the signs of ecology. is becoming denser. We don’t plant du Lac, Jeanne Jugan garden, a tree on the 10th floor in the same square Perrin, esplanade Dau- We have changed the way of wor- way that we plant one in the ground phiné, parc de la Buire), but more king thanks to this realisation below. It’s up above that we need to needs to be done to bring the best that the natural elements were be working, and to have that ability out of them by making them part extremely diversified, that we are to find the right balance with all the of a network. Other spaces like a part of them, that we should natural elements.” the place Béraudier, the place de find new balances. I’m no “Khmer Francfort, the place des Martyrs de la Résistance, the rues Garibaldi and Bouchut will be redeveloped. But innovation will also involve the development of new types of spaces like the roof of the shopping centre, the future reading garden of the Library, the glasshouse on the State lot, the patios,the green roofings, etc.

Innovation will also involve the development of new types of spaces like the roof of the shopping centre, the future reading garden of the Library, the glasshouse on the State lot, the patios, the green roofings, etc.

Nature in the city is quite simply about producing spaces where people feel good, when one takes into account the sunlight, the wind and the exposure to noise.”

36 Regeneration and development Recycling to recreate The idea is to be able to combine EXPLANATION better. new build with renovations, some- times in the same program. This “Avoid a “clean slate” is the option chosen by Foncière approach” The Part-Dieu district, which was des Régions (Regional Real-Estate created in the 1960-70s, mustn’t Agency) for the EDF tower (opera- become a two-speed district, with tion Silex 2), which will be renova- Benjamin Cimerman, director of a seventies style real estate which ted by the addition of a second new RFR Eléments. deteriorates and with new show- tower, placed up against the first case and energy efficient projects. one with parts and services which “We worked first of all with Fran- It’s not just new developments that will be pooled. çois Decoster and the AUC on the are needed but also the regenera- question of existing buildings, by tion of existing buildings which The Part-Dieu Mission will sup- highlighting the principle that have a usage value and sometimes port owners by maintaining the regeneration and development need a real heritage quality. heritage and architectural qua- to be combined. We need to avoid a lity, the analysis of the renova- clean slate approach. I am convinced tion necessary,program-based that achieving sustainable develop- The idea is to be able to contents or the connection to the ment, starting by putting everything ground. So that the restructured on the ground, is not possible. combine new build and buildings can be part of the Part- renovations Dieu project, can be economically Achieving sustainable viable and can keep up with the development starting by putting It’s an opportunity for owners, changing times. everything on the ground, is not whose property is ageing but usually fully depreciated,and This regeneration strategy for possible. needs to be refurbished to remain existing buildings is also part of The work needs to be more measu- attractive. The Part-Dieu project, an approach based on sustainable red and subtle. It’s deconstruction focussing on ambitious opportu- development: recycling rather that needs to be justified rather nities for the district, encourages than destroying and rebuilding. thanpreservation. Economically, it’s owners and investors to engage in cheaper to demolish everything.But this process of regeneration and in terms of sustainable development, development. it’s a lot more expensive. And this is without taking account of the cultu- ral aspect, the effect on heritage, the architecture, and people’s lives.” New building

EquinOx ProjeCt Regenerated building

SiLEx 2 Project REACTION EXPLANATION and shopping facilities, as well as for enlivening the ground floors is “Basing the develop- “Putting Lyon firmly an interesting idea. This is what is ment of the city on its in the 21st century” missing actually. The idea would be perhaps to move from a stage of regeneration” “consumer” to one of the residents and employees in this sector being Gilles Buna, vice-chairman of the the stakeholders. Greater Lyonin charge of Town Planning and the environment Is paying attention to sustainable developmentreally “It gives me great satisfaction to see an argument for companies? that the AUC and François Decos- ter are basing the development of The theme of sustainable deve- the city on its regeneration. This is lopment has a veritable impact on how we will succeedin intensifying Two questions to Laurent users and investors.User compa- the city whilst limiting the urban Vallas, Lyon director for Jones nies are moving more and more sprawl. LangLaSalle. towards BBC buildings (Low energy consumption Buildings), Sustainable development is based What do you think of the work which are certified as such. Com- on the values of awareness of what of “urban redesign” of Part- panies can make their contribu- this district is today (transport Dieu undertaken by the AUC tion to society through sustainable systems, architecture, service andthePart-Dieu Mission? development and its operational property,...) and the people whose reflection in real estate amongst lives are there (employees, resi- This in-depth work is quite interes- other things. Practically every dents,...). It is also based on com- ting because the Part-Dieu was rea- company in the CAC 40 and the fortable pedestrian mobility with ching the end of its life cycle. The SBF 120 has a chapter on sustai- the “easy ground”, the intensifica- urban model which has been used, nable development in their annual tion of a district already well served with a theme hyper dedicated to report. by public transport, and property services and to commercial func- regeneration and production for a tions and homes on the other side higher quality of uses and service, of the Garibaldi or Villette roads and a better energy quality.” is doubtless no longer completely appropriate for a European city. As a result, mixing service functions with residential and commercial functions, seems to me to be a lot more consistent for placing a city like Lyon firmly in the 21st cen- tury. Similarly, providing active bases which indeed are going to mix these functions of services for companies, but also cultural,

40 InCiTY Tower project 40

A business district, A living district

The Part-Dieu EXPLANATION Why is it important to have project is an urban a services development “The Part-Dieu is strategy? project with a mainly THE economic hot economic purpose. The risk is one of having districts spot for services in which are competing against one the conurbation” another. What is needed there- Being one of only a few business fore is a services development districts which is situated in the strategy which consists of conti- heart of the city, Part-Dieu must nuing to clearly display the voca- take advantage of its outstanding tion of certain districts: at Gerland location to be at the heart of the for example, Lyon biopôle, the conurbation and contain all the IRT (Institute for Technological urban functions. A district for wor- Research), life sciences. At the king and doing business for sure, Carré de soie, a major economic but also a district for living, going social and solidarity hub is being out, relaxing, learning or creating. developed with the regional SCOP Cooperative (participative and Creating economic wealth is one Two questions to David cooperative companies). At the of the issues for transforming this Kimelfeld, vice-chairman of Confluence the emphasis is more district. “The Part-Dieu project the Greater Lyon in charge of on the image of “sustainable deve- aims to generate an extra 35,000 economic development. lopment” Euronews, Cardinal, La jobs” points out Bernard Badon, Région, GDF Suez have all chosen director of the Part-Dieu Mission. Where is Part-Dieu’s place on here for its original address; and For that, office real estate should be the service sector map in the use this original address as a mar- developed – that is compliant with conurbation? keting tool. international norms, in terms of environmental standards as well as It’s THE economic hotspot for the Attention needs to be drawn to the a quality of life in the workplace – services sector in the conurbation. specialisation of certain districts. in an efficient urban environment. If tomorrow we want to attract the And working with promoters and There are several components in head offices of international com- developers so that the pricing this efficient urban environment: panies, it’s to here and nowhere policy is coherent. The premium the railway station, public spaces, else. When one takes a look at the is at the Part-Dieu, for the tower services, public transport, etc. specifications that big compa- projects and new buildings. But It’s for this reason that Part-Dieu nies have for setting up their head regarding the section for resto- mustn’t just be a business district offices, you recognise that it’s only ring existing buildings, two price but also a “real” city district which here where all the facilities are in levels will make it possible to is more inhabited, more lively and place and notably the TGV and welcome all sorts of companies. offering a range of different func- TER (Regional train) connections. Because if there are to be com- tions and uses ready for future At the same time, this is a busi- pany head offices, we need to be needs. This is the condition that ness district which is only a stone’s able to provide a certain number needs to be met for it to be econo- throw from the historic centre of of services which are provided by mically attractive and visible on Lyon. That’s also a factor working more modest types of companies: the European market. in its favour.You can get into your cleaning,etc. There’s no point in car at Part-Dieu and within half settling for half-measures for the an hour enjoy a breath-taking view service sector; Part-Dieu must from the Têtedoie restaurant at concentrate on regional, national Fourvière. and European head offices. This is the real aim of the Part-Dieu project.

42 The tour Oxygène

EXPLANATION EXPLANATION REACTION Priority to the “very “We need to get the “The Part-Dieu has qualitative” big international excellent connections names to put pen to allowing sustained in the words of Jean-Philippe paper” international Hanff, Managing Director of the Economic and International business.” Development of the Greater Question to Jean-Louis Meynet Lyon(DGDEI). partner at CMN Partners, member of the AUC group. “in terms of economic develop- ment, Lyon is well placed among What does a business district the European conurbations. It is have to have to put it on a the number one conurbation in European scale? France for new business creation (number nine in Europe), number First of all, recognition comes one in France in terms of business from outside! It’s not something appeal, and number eight in the one can award oneself! The DNA Hervé Chaîne, director of Egis. world for innovation, Lyon punches of a great European business dis- well above its demographic weight. trict is made up of a number of fac- “Egis is the number one French Furthermore the conurbation has tors. An architectural signature, consultancy and engineering set itself an ambitious target in and we know the buildings, the group for infrastructure, buildings terms of the development of the district itself and the signatures of and energy with many internatio- services sector. the architects. The critical mass, nal customers. (…) which is 1 million m2 is a threshold Of the 4.9 million m2, the demand for visibility and economic weight We are continuing our develop- registered in 2010 was 220,000 m2, in Europe. Major users: ment in Lyon – where we employ of which 25% at Part-Dieu. Our 800 people – because the location overall target for 2020, is to for Gerland, it’s the P4 (1) or Sanofi is right for attracting customers reach 300,000 m2 of which 25% Pasteur, for Confluence,it’s the and for recruiting employees. Lyon at the Part-Dieu which is to say Rhône-Alpes Region,Euronews, is very good at attractingquality 60,000 m2. So a bigger sales effort GL Events; Part-Dieu must do more managers and is also better forre- will be necessary for the whole of and must be able to attract major cruiting young managers than the Lyon and Part-Dieu in particular. international signatures. That is a Paris region is. definite European milestone. At Part-Dieu, what is needed is to The location of Lyon is favou- attract the command functions Finally, a European business dis- rable, and Part-Dieu has the ideal of corporate headquarters, and trict is about having a whole unit connections for allowing a sustai- regional management. How they which works! Just adding details ned international business activity. will choose will be determined by won’t do the whole job. The district It’s very important that Part-Dieu the price of the property at Part- will grow by virtue of its ability to develops. The urban project Is Dieu as well as the quality of the produce a positive externality for ambitious. It involves increasing brand and the reputation of the companies, for residents and for office space but also modernising site. Overall the most innovative the city as a whole. So therefore, it’s and renewing existing real estate: products will be around €300 per a complex system, which generates the shopping centre, the railway m2 in the IGH (High Rise Buil- added value and is attractive and station, the urban spaces, services dings), the towers, and the most visible to the market from as far as for companies, etc. Because, in emblematic buildings, which have Frankfurt, Stuttgart or Geneva. order for us to develop our busi- been renovated or created. This ness, we need Part-Dieu to moder- selection by price favours the large (1) Thee Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux is a nise. You don’t want to have your image conscious groups (…) The high containment laboratory dedicated to offices in buildings which aren’t medical research. selection is also made by the deve- HQE quality (High Environmental lopers and investors; themselves, Quality) cabled and BBC standard in whose own interest it is to be (Low Consumption Buildings). very qualitative.”

44 We are aiming to create working meeting room at the Défense. So Are you ready to engage in this conditions which are in tune with it’s like walking to Paris except you “community of life”,to share the environment: limiting the use can go to a meeting and back in spaces, services? of cars, being economical with the same day. Among our staff we energy. By moving here, we have have people from Lyon who work I have every intention in playing almost halved the number of car in Paris and Parisians who often my role to the full in the group to parking spaces for our staff. We come to Lyon. (…) which I belong to the Part-Dieu have gone from one space for 3 business club. We are going to play peoples to one space for 5.5 people. When we left the EDF tower which the game. Many of our people come to work was no longer suitable for our cur- by public transport or by bike. rent requirements, we wondered The idea within the Part-Dieu Mis- whether we should leave Part-Dieu. sion of allowing the company par- The first year, after the move, we We examined all the pros and cons king spaces during the weekend, paid for 75% of what employees and decided to stay at Part-Dieu. when they are empty, to be used for had to pay for using public trans- The closeness of the railway station people who come to do their shop- port. It resulted it some significant is vital. There was also the interes- ping, seems interesting to me. changes in behaviour. The car park ting and novel project of the Vélum. is no longer full. We are very happy to be moving in The closeness of the station should there in the summer of 2013 where make it possibleto maximise the On the other hand, we’ve gone we will have around 15,000 m2. interface between users of Part- from 20 to 80 cycle spaces. Here, What was important for us was Dieu and the TGV. We should be the area to work station is lower. to have new premises which were able to get our tickets at the bottom The directors’offices are only 13 more in line with energy standards of the buildings, in these famous m2, but that’s fine! That’s the price but also office standards and qua- active bases, and see the times of to be paid for being at Part-Dieu. “ lity of life in the work place. the trains and the platform num- ber. Like this we could go directly What do you think of the on to the platform without going fact that the Greater Lyon through the overcrowded railway is launching a project for station which is overcrowded. REACTION redesigning the Part-Dieu ? It’s essential to get all companies “For us, Part-Dieu People are going to live more and to work together in a friendly and can be a wonderful more in cities and the criteria of a innovative spirit. sustainable and attractive city are learning curve “ more and more important. Global Along with other companies,we’re intelligence, the “easy ground”, going to look at the possibility environmentally friendly travel, of developing car sharing using harnessing of energy, etc. are electric vehicles. We could put becoming increasingly important for example electric minis in the and Part-Dieu combines all these car park. That would be an idea points. This is the symbol of Lyon, worth exploring. Environmen- an attractive city and a window. tally friendly transport, electricity Whether it’s from Saint-Exupéry management, new lighting techno- airport or by TGV, it’s easy to get logies… we have here a major field here. One can quietly take one’s for innovation and creativity. The Interview with François train, and easily interact with EDF group wants to be the world’s Corteel,Regional director for other groups, that’s something I leading supplier of electricity and a EDF Rhône-Alpes. find smart.That ought to encou- cornerstone to the sustainable city. rage the central divisions of the For us, Part-Dieu can be a tremen- How established is the EDF major groups to come to Lyon to dous learning curve. group at Part-Dieu ? discover a new experience. I think that the concepts of “easy ground” In Lyon, EDF has 113,500 m2 of and“active bases”, this sort of com- offices, which is to say almost munity of life that they bring about 3 times a 100 metre high tower. are quite unique. At Part-Dieu, that corresponds to around 70,000 m2. We are there because it’s the business district and because there is the railway station. It takes just 2 hours and a half to get from this office to a The operational systems The operational systems Easy ground and active bases A consistent and lively REACTION The AUC has opted for an exciting, public space if complex idea, which is wholly “Easy ground can in keeping with the history of this become the standard Part-Dieu which is typified by Those people who were used to the invention and contrast, in a word anarchic soil of Part-Dieu, punc- for a redesigned uniqueness.” tuated with obstacles, little walls public space” or steps, will find the expression “easy ground” unexpected to say REACTION the least. With one foot of its past in a urban make-up where paving “Developers need stones would break up public space to engage with the at various levels, the Part-Dieu district has a difficult and undeci- concept of active pherable soil which makes finding bases” one’s bearings quite a headache.

It is to overcome this irregularity, which is a source of confusion and François Brégnac, deputy discomfort, and to restore a com- managing Director of the Lyon mon base, which is consistent and Town Planning Agency, architect navigable for the district, that the and town-planner. AUC recommends the introduction of “easy ground”. “We could have chosen another way of redeveloping: that of pla- So it’s not a case of designing public cing all the sectors of Part-Dieu at Albert Constantin, architect. spacefrom the perspective of a clas- ground level or at pavement level + sic composition. There’s no way that 7 metres. But the strength and the “Today, it seems to me that there we would just settle for redoing originality of the way chosen by the is a real ambition, a genuine big the pavements andplanting trees. team from the AUC was to work project and options which have The idea is to design a public space with these two standard levels, play been chosen by the AUC, inclu- using flows and uses which form on the differences in height and ding the “easy ground” and the a link between the ground and thus reflect the different period- “active bases” which I find interes- the buildings,the high spaces of sof the Part-Dieu : town planning ting. The thing is whether we can the paving stones and the patios. on paving stones and the return to stick to them or not. It won’t be This will make pedestrian traffic the public space. The “easy ground easy because of private interests. (which represents 60% of today’s “connects, and reconciles the two, It’s vital that the developers engage flows) more comfortable and fluid, and can become the standard for with the concept of “active bases” and link the top to the bottom, the a redesigned public space which is to bring some life into this district inside to the outside, the front to the both historic and modern. and that they don’t just settle for rear in one continuous layer. densifying the service sector.” Today, Part-Dieu has the structure Linked in to the “easy ground”, the and shape of the real estate project. concept of “active bases” is about The “easy ground “is an answer to fitting in the buildings with the this disadvantage by introducing public spaces better by creating a a built public space which crosses lively range of single storey shops the buildings and reintroduces or services along the routes where mixtures and continuities. Wel- most of the pedestrians pass. come to the city! So it’s not going to be so easy to work with urban Inventing this unique space, which spaces,but it takes guts to suggest will no doubt be interactive, will this idea! make it possible to restore Lyon’s tradition as a pioneer in the deve- lopment of public spaces.

48 Start of a methodology for the easy ground Journeys Digital Ground

Direct routes Part-Dieu Wi-Fi The routes are not determined by a formal composition of the Accessibility to the Wi-Fi networks has become an essential public space, but organised along the lines of the most direct requirement for the comfort and attractiveness of the modern flows between the points of attraction. They are designed for public space. The Easy Ground needs to be covered by an the users, and above all for pedestrians, to promote fluidity efficient network. and efficiency.

Pedestrian highways Part-Dieu.mobi Certain portions of the public space are specially designed A Part-Dieu application for smartphones which would make for facilitating pedestrian traffic in an as efficient way as the district not only a “district where one stays and lives” possible by making walking easier through the choice of (information about what’s on, when and where...) but also ground surfacing and the absence of obstacles. Between “a district where one can live remotely”, and take away with these “pedestrian highways”, there can be areas for taking a oneself. breather which can laid out depending on what’s around.

Widths which are sufficient for the traffic flows Part-Dieu.mobi The size of spaces reserved for pedestrian routes is directly A Part-Dieu application for smartphones which would make proportional to the intensity of the flows that they need the district not only a “district where one stays and lives” to accommodate. Thus, the space for movement is never (information about what’s on, when and where...) but also undersized at the places where the greatest amount of traffic “a district where one can live remotely”, and take away with occurs, nor oversized at the quieter spots. oneself.

Intersections / chosen flows Like “Japanese style crossroads”, the development of intersections is the most direct and logical way of making the flow of pedestrians easier, which is to say in a straight line. Thus the crossroads can be crossed diagonally, rather than with pedestrians having to go round them which means crossing in two stages. REACTION EXPLANATION

“There’s nothing Question to Véronique Granger, worse than empty Director of Pro Développement, member of the AUC group. spaces at ground level” What contents do you want to develop in the active bases of Part-Dieu ?

There will no doubt be a lot of contents to do with leisure acti- vities or rather “rare time off”. Which will make the quality of life, all about dovetailing domes- tic, work and leisure issues. There is a change occurring today in Two questions to Pascal Barboni, work architecture: we’re seeing the Program director for Extensions / emergence of family and private Renovations from Unibail - concerns, the organisation of time. Rodamco, the joint-owner of the Part-Dieu shopping centre. What will provide the quality of life, is the What do you think of the “easy Aren’t you afraid that if active ground “concept? bases have partly a commercial dovetailing between the function, they may be in domestic, work and leisure We share all the findings of the competition with the shopping issues . AUC, in particular “easy ground “. centre? Reducing the different levels that One of the current constants of our have to be crossed has to be one of At present we don’t have any infor- society is the overlapping between the benefits of the project. The easy mation on the details of the pro- individual and private issues and ground must make walking a less gram but it will be very focussed those of companies. An employee effort consuming experience for on services, like apartment buil- whose child is sick, well that’s also users. dings or co-working zones. We also a problem for her partner and for think that dining facilities should her company. It’s no longer just a Bearing in mind what already be developed.. There is still major case of churning out work and then exists, we can imagine that a lot of potential for developing restaurant going back home. changes would be possible. But we facilities. shouldn’t lose sight of the fact that In the years to come, the services we’re working on an existing asset. It’s up to the programme to make sector will have to develop; it’s a it clear what type of shops are to service sector which isn’t commer- Via the shopping centre, with cer- be established because today the cial in the classic sense The notion tain developments – perhaps new shopping centre is a very powerful of well-being comes into the cal- links, extra entrances – we’ll be force. culation. For example, the restau- able to offer a better urban link. rant facilities for employees, is this We’re convinced that the shop- We need to be vigilant because the commercial, or services, or both? ping centre will contribute to the program for the base of the buil- It’s a sector which is going to grow urban “linking” of the Heart of ding is a delicate balance. It will and which will offer other benefits Part-Dieu. Tomorrow, it’s a feature work that much better if it is coor- in addition to being a source of that should be there. We need to be dinated with the range of services hygienic satisfaction . connected to the shopping centre available at the Lyon Part-Dieu more visibly, more clearly and shopping centre and that of the At the Part-Dieu we have the tre- more effectively. now international railway station. mendous opportunity to be inno- There is nothing worse than empty vative inrespect of quality in the spaces on the ground floor. work-place.

50 REACTION REACTION “For an open range of “It’s very Interesting Cultural and sports to have this “easy facilities” ground” as a guiding principle” Hervé Chaîne, director of Egis.

“The systematic development” of It’s also good to have an open range the “active bases” is an interesting of cultural but also sports facili- idea. I’m all for making this com- ties. Next to our building, there is pulsory, otherwise we’ll end up this sort of “hollow tooth” which with 100% of offices. contains a small football pitch and basketball court. People go there On the avenue Thiers where Egis between midday and two in the has its offices, it is a matter of regret afternoon and in the evening, in that there are no more active bases, rather the same way as people go Valérie Philippon-Béranger, because the ground floors are just to run in the Tête d’Or park. Fur- Director of the Road Network entrances to offices. We’d like the ther on, there is a fitness centre system for the Greater Lyon. place a lot more if there was some and opposite a multisports hall life on the ground floors. Why not run by the City of Lyon, which is “In the spirit of the designers of the a good bookshop about town-plan- basically reserved for schools. Our “easy ground”, the issue is one of ning? Le Moniteur used to have Works Committee has found a way imagining how to reconcile all the a bookshop in the rue Vendôme of being able to use it on a limited differences in level, for example (Lyon 6e), but this wasn’t the right basis. All this means that there is pavements, which can at one point place for it: why not at the Part- a demand. At the base of the buil- or another get in the way of the Dieu ? ding there could be services like pedestrian. It needs to provide this. It’s no doubt possible to find real comfort for the user, but it’s “The systematic development services which are shared – or both costly and complicated to put of “active bases “is an maybe not – which are public or in place. It requires a lot of consis- which one pays for and which can interesting idea and I’m tency, in the long term, in the provide companies with a certain choices of development which are in favour of making it visibility.” to be made. I think it’s very useful to compulsory. have this guiding principle in that it can guide us at each development Whether it’s for mini seminars or opportunity. At some stage – I’m big meetings, we’re lacking in pro- thinking about the changes that perly equipped conference rooms. will have occurred to the railway There are very few of them. APRIL, station in 20 or 30 years’ time –, for example, has a very fine confe- we will have some real opportuni- rence facility. A number of banks ties for improving means of access do so too. I think there is a demand so that these differences between for hosting seminars, training levels no longer exist and for really courses, management meetings. trying to make the ground as easy And also restaurants, companies to use as possible. and crèches. It is important that people feel good in their work There’s also work to be done toge- environment. ther on the signs, the marking out and the signing systems, which make getting around easier in the public space. One can imagine for example having enhanced reality applications or other things of this type to be tried out.” Epicentre and skyline

A new urban figure same time offering a unique pano- REACTION at the Heart of the ramic view of the horizons of the conurbation. “It makes sense to conurbation. build towers at Part- Along with Fourvière, Part-Dieu If Part-Dieu is the heart of the is an essential part of the Lyon Dieu” conurbation, the heart of the skyline, of which the Tour crayon heart – “the epicentre” to use the (Pencil tower) is the emblematic Laurent Vallas, Lyon director of expression of the AUC –, extends symbol. With the Oxygène tower, Jones Lang LaSalle. out, from its source between the and soon the InCity tower and railway station and the shopping other on-going projects (Silex, “Users aren’t opposed to towers. centre. It is in fact around the place Tour Eva, Cluster hôtels, etc.) Part- They look at the cost per work sta- Charles Béraudier where half a Dieu is rekindling its love affair tion and the range of services avai- million people every day converge with high buildings (1). lable in the building. There are and fan out. recent buildings, built after 2000 The construction of a skyline takes which, in terms of cost per work The Lyon Part-Dieu project time and brings with it numerous station are more expensive or vir- involves intensifying this polarity risks – including economic viabi- tually the same price as the Oxy- to make it more visible, more inte- lity and how to market the towers gène tower or other projects which grated and more influential within which is a bit of an issue in the are being studied. The Oxygene the conurbation. middle of an economic recession. tower can fit a work station Into 11 m 2 of office space as compared This will involve the clearing of the But the AUC is now suggesting that to 15 to 16 m2 elsewhere, offers an place Béraudier with the demo- its creation be based on the Alps. inter-company restaurant and a lition of the B10 building which So it wouldn’t be a pyramid type caretaking system with hostesses. currently encloses it, but also of skyline but rather in the form of When we refer to refer to 240 euros the station which crosses it and a mountain chain, with several Excl. VAT / m2 for “classisc” buil- the redevelopment of the place rising points and several levels to dings and 280 euros Excl. VAT / m2 de Francfort. This whole entity provide greater depth and to give for IGH (High Rise Buildings), will also be consolidated by the the Part-Dieu some perspective in we notice that the cost per work creation of a large public space on the city. station is often lower for the IGH the roof terraces of the shopping (High Rise) than for the more tra- centre, covering an area equiva- (1) Tour Incity (project owner(MO)Sogelym ditional buildings. lent to a “hanging place Bellecour” Dixence, architects Valode and Pistre / Atelier de la Rize / AIA): at the heart of Part-Dieu, according to Gérard Collomb. construction of a 200m tower, 42,000 m2 The particularity of Part-Dieu, of offices including 2 RIE (Inter Company as opposed to many markets Restaurants) and other spaces reserved for The creation of a large users. Work phases, handover start of 2015. for towers in Europe, is that the Silex 1 (Project Owner: Region Real Estate) : district is located in the “hyper public space on the roof At the corner of rues Bouchut and Cuirassiers, construction of offices on a shopping centre centre” with the busiest market of terraces of the shopping base, 11,544 m2. Handover start 2015. Silex 2 the Lyon region. There is a geogra- (Project Owner: Foncière des Régions /Region phical argument for building IGH centre, covering an area Real Estate) : redevelopment of the EDF tower equivalent to a “hanging (offices and services combined, including in the Part-Dieu bearing in mind an auditorium, RIE and active bases) and its market depth and the profile of place Bellecour” creation of a tower linked to the 1st one by a set of footbridges. A shared esplanade and garden the users.” at Silex 1. 44,000 m2 including 30,000 m2 of offices. The studies have been completed, and Combining the top of this public the procedures commenced. Tour Eva (Project space with the place Béraudier Owner: Swisslife) construction of a 200m whilst organising the density tower, active bases organised around a plazza. 77,000 m2 of offices, Ground Floor with shops points around, will make it pos- and services. Currently at planning stage. sible to develop a veritable agora at Cluster hotels (project owner: Vinci) : 2 high volume hotels (500 business rooms 4*) + service/ the epicentre of the conurbation. shopping base + offices. Planning stage, work due to start end of 2014. This suspended public square will play its role in the modelling of the Lyon skyline whilst at the

52 Designs of the skyline of Lyon Part-Dieu

Skyline designed by C. Delfante

Skyline as seen by the AuC REACTION PERCEPTION REACTION “Densification can “Playing with height” “Without the onlybe achieved by “metropolitan hub”, In a qualitative study carried out urban sprawl” in August 2010, “The perception of we wouldn’t build Part-Dieu by the non-user inhabi- towers.” tants of the Greater Lyon.” Gregory Mages, from the French Institute For Town-Planning, highlights several expectations of the inha- bitants, including “banking on modernness” and “making use of height, exploiting the roofs and providing access to panoramic views”. Extracts: Manuelle Gautrand, architect. “What could be good, it’s a kind Interview with Pascal Crambes, “Lyon is becoming a conurba- of symbol of moderness, a model Managing Director of Foncière tion on a European scale, a cen- of modernness. Whether it’s a des Régions Développement tral point between France, Italy, case of trying to be ahead of the and Pierre Nallet, Chairman Switzerland, and Germany. Ine- construction, the features, little of AnaHome Développement vitably, the question of the towers symbols. They ought to push even which is running a an Assistance arises because densification can- further, whether it’s by trying to Program for project owners for not be achieved alone by urban do something interactive, like an the Foncièredes Régions. Both are sprawl. We’re back to ecological ultra-modern cycle park, or pano- involved in the Silex project for considerations. ramic viewpoints, by playing with renovating the EDF tower and the height. Because no-one interacts construction of a 2nd tower which The sprawling of a city, goes hand in over there. You cross people, eve- is connected to it (1). hand with issues regarding trans- rybody is quietly Making their own port and the quality of life for the way home and there is no interac- Many people insist on the city’s inhabitants. A dense city is tion. One can create interaction difficult economic equation more efficient and uses less trans- through modernness”. (Young that the building of a tower port. It’s a fundamental aspect of employee H) represents, particularly in sustainable development.” Lyon where rents are a little on “You play with heights, that gives it the high side. How are you able this aspect : “Listen, I know a place to meet the challenge with the where the view is out of this world” Silex project? whereas there’s no fun in being there. It’s hassle free”. (Student H) P. Crambes: For sure it’s a hell of a bet! Because in Lyon, it’s true rental prices are around €250 to €270 Excl. VAT per m2 per year, and we’re not able to build towers at that price. Because a tower costs more to build that it does to main- tain, we are automatically above the €300 excl. VAT mark per m2 per year. In Lyon, we’re a long way off. And the new environmental and earthquake proof standards are only going to increase the construction costs.

54 We’re fortunate to have an existing How do you go about Does the project for tower and a new tower which allow convincing, regardless of the redesigning the Part-Dieu us to keep to a budget which is less price which is after all what encourage you in your goal? than €300 excl. VAT per m2 per year. makes the world go round? Because we are building a 2nd tower P. Cr ambes: We started thinking using a rather clever principle: we P. Crambes: The site and the pro- about the Silex project before the have an existing tower which has far duct speak for themselves. The launch of the Part-Dieu Mission. from paid for itself.We need to take location is outstanding: just 250m But it cannot be denied that without out the mounting points put them from the railway station! this “metropolitan hub” to use the in the centre and share them with AUC formula, we wouldn’t produce a 2nd tower. P. Nallet: A 40,000 m2 tower a tower. When the communication ought to attract customers which points are there, we can set a target P. Nallet: Certain factors can are known nationwide, and who we for an urban redesign project. affect the economic feasibility of know are interested in being close a tower. What made the Oxygène to railway stations because they The project is ambitious but it’s tower possible, is the fact that there have a lot of people going to Paris true if we don’t put our back into it are 10,000 m2 of shops. It’s also the and regularly. These are the sort nothing will ever happen. fact that the SNCF rented half the of people whose job takes them to space from the very beginning of a head office or a ministry in Paris (1) Silex 1 (Project Owner: Foncière des the project. If we find a user even if and so they need to be close to the Régions): At the corner of the rues Bouchut / Cuirassiers, construction of offices on base we have to settle for a price around railway station. Today, compa- with shops on it of 11,544 m2. Handover at €270 excl. VAT per m2 per year, nies attach a lot of importance to start of 2015. Silex 2 (Project Owner: Foncière des Régions): renovation of the EDF tower we can accept a lower profitability the access that their office have to (offices and associated services, including the because the rental risk is less. The public transport. auditorium, RIE and active bases) and creation of a tower linked to the 1st tower by a set of refore what we have to do is look for footbridges. A shared esplanade and garden ideas for the first users. We have P. Crambes: We’ll also have a qua- at Silex 1. 44,000 m2 including 30,000 m2 of some ideas but now we have to do lity product BBC (Low Consump- offices. The studies have been completed and the procedures commenced. the work of convincing. tion Building), the latest in sustainable development. So we’ll be faultless in all respects.

Lyon Part-Dieu Epicentre The cultural crossing

Culture, An interactive and REACTION ideas developed in the the docu- mentation for Lyon’s application passing movement “Creating an to become European capital of imaginary world at culture 2013 was to shift the usual The principle of the “cultural places and times. I think that crossing” is to open and provide Part-Dieu” would be good to find at Part-Dieu a better connection between the options that we have explored. We cultural facilities of the Part-Dieu, want the city to have traditional the Halles Paul Bocuse and the cultural places but we also want Municipal Library via the Audito- a different kaleidoscope of the rium, the cinema complex and the cultural life and in a district which FNAC and Decitre bookshops of is intended for mingling in. That’s the shopping centre. the challenge facing Part-Dieu : one of becoming a sacred place for Other cultural facilities could be life, a buzzing place. added to this crossing, as long as they correspond to the positio- Georges Képénékian, ning of the metropolitan “hub” deputy director for Culture, That’s the challenge facing of the Part-Dieu, which is both a Heritage,and Rights at the City thoroughfare and a place for min- of Lyon. Part-Dieu : one of becoming a gling. Also on the agenda are the sacred place for life, a buzzing building of a new facility at the “What governance needs to be in place. place de Francfort to display what place for the Part-Dieu cultural the region has to offer culturally, project to be intelligently managed as well as a very large documentary and engineered? That’s what we’re The challenge is to create both infrastructure and Video Gaming working for. It’s difficult because classic shapes but also intersec- Complex. cultural expertise is not some- tions between shapes and then the thing the Greater Lyon has. We different times, on stages which The cultural crossing is insepa- need a supervisor whose job is to are not necessarily outlined scenes. rable from the concept of “easy run and to shake things up; I think ground” because it consists of that it’s up to the cultural commit- The size of the laboratory and the injecting life and visibility into the tee to perform this role. It’s the experiment is essential. Things existing range of cultural services role of the DAC, Director of cultu- have got to move! I would even notably by using new digital tech- ral affairs, and that of the assistant envisage the project being sup- nologies. The cultural project of director for Culture. We’re going ported by a research and deve- the Part-Dieu is all about promo- to set up a Part-Dieu cell for run- lopment group. Creation needs ting experiments, innovation and ning, promoting, attracting and its disciplines and its sectors but interactivity. creating… We need to be capable it also needs indiscipline. All the of creating a cultural dynamic, progress made in medicine since based on its two roots: the Lyon the Renaissance has been achie- Municipal Library (BmL) and the ved through progress in other Lyon National Orchestra (ONL) disciplines.” and then see how, afterwards, we can incorporate and get all the stakeholders working together. (…)

What I see though is rather a snow ball effect: progressively, we are incorporating this area, this district, this project, and we are making it attractive. We have to create an imaginary world to appeal to all the cultural stake- holders of the city. One of the

56 EXPLANATION A new facility on the place de REACTION Francfort “Don’t segment the “Why not one day types of public “ “The place de Francfort which runs design a virtual art alongside the Villeurbanne side of the Part-Dieu station is a strategic gallery? “ Véronique Granger, director place for its quality of flows compa- of Pro Développement, works red to a public which goes back and Pascal Barboni, director of with the AUC group on the forth. The idea, quite pragmatic, is the Extensions / Rénovations programming and prospective that not everything should be hap- d’Unibail - Rodamco program, part of the Part-Dieu project. pening on the same side. which is co-owner of the Part- Dieu shopping centre. A Library 3.0 This place Francfort would solve the problem – sometimes in the mind – “The idea of the “cultural crossing” “Reading is an act of culture, which of accessibility to culture. A strong would be about imagining how it’s true is beset by a number of res- answer would consist of a product one could immaterially intercon- trictions including paperless tech- which doesn’t segment type of public. nect the cultural activities of the nology, but it’s the most shared of You need to embody within this dis- district via the shopping centre. cultural practices. The Part-Dieu trict a space for the public to meet, In the shopping centre there are library (BmL) is a major monument and cross, and mingle; a “ house for cinemas already. But we need to to public reading in France. Yet free time” which accepts the flow find the conditions for creating a of people back and forth, future new cinema complex. Because at You need to embody within residents, passing members of the present the UGC is shared between this district a space for the public, people just moving about. two sites which isn’t very practical. What do you do if you’ve got an hour We’d have to increase from 4,500 public to meet, and cross, to kill before your train leaves? m2 to 8,000 m2. and mingle It wouldn’t necessarily be a new faci- The FNAC is also present, but the the BmL hasn’t been refurbished lity in the traditional sense, 100% Arteum (the chain which sells since it was opened. How could financed by the public. This place reproductions of works of art one dare renovate a whole dis- could be shared or managed by a which is already at the CNIT in La trict without paying any attention consortium of companies; the ins- Défense) could be too. Why not to the BmL? The BmL Part-Dieu titutional stakeholders would be come up with a virtual art gallery? is almost a manifesto for setting invited to come up with broadcas- There are also leisure concepts and down knowledge on paper. Above ting, advertising or training initia- creations which can be found. all in a shopping and business tives because there are other sections district. It’s a little island of resis- of the public outside the premises The coming years will no doubt tance. But it was designed more on who can be targeted. Like the Gare see the emergence of new inno- the model of the barricade than a Saint-Sauveur –(Saint-Sauveur Rai- vative concepts which will involve porous system. If we do nothing, lway station) in Lille. This services the consumer more and generate then we’ll lose the ambition of the location could be an innovator in active consumption. relationship with a cultural prac- the governance of a new cultural tice which is the most democratic place and would be a break away Every lunchtime, In the dome possible. The code name of the from the cut-off between professio- of the Quatre Temps shopping project is “Gutenberg 3.0”. nals and amateurs. But this would centre there are dance lessons, a require innovative architecture to piano at the very heart of the mall, avoid segmentation. The architectu- restaurants and cinemas. This is ral concept is inseparable from the one of the details which we could program.” create,for fun, leisure or as enter- tainment around a future dining and culture complex.”

Development project for the Place Charles de Gaulle (Auditorium). Part-Dieu Style

Style, is the city REACTION REACTION Architecture is one of the main resources for the originality and “ThePart-Dieu “This district has a the attractiveness of the Part-Dieu. heritage exists” unique urban and The district offers an impressive “collection” of emblematic archi- architectural energy” tectural objects from examples of the words of Gilles Buna, vice- Moderness, from the Desaix resi- chairman of the Greater Lyonin Interview with Manuelle dence (Mathon and Zumbrunnen, charge of Town planning and Gautrand, architect. 1961) to the Tour crayon (Pencil Quality of life. Tower) (Cossuta and Y.M. Pei, 1977). You took part in the first Part- “The Part Dieu has a history and a Dieu workshop. What do you L’AUC is careful to look after this heritage and notably an invaluable think about this district and “Part-Dieu Heritage”, by preser- architectural heritage which the way it has developed? ving unique architecture from we must take cherish: Part Dieu the 1960 -70s and by encouraging Tower, Auditorium, Library, the The Part-Dieu is a quite different daring modern productions. The Moncey Nord buildings, etc. district, built during the 1970s, building of the “Part-Dieu Archi- and really there aren’t many of its tectures Platform” currently unde- The “Heritage of Part-Dieu” exists. like in France. For me this district rway is an example of this. We need to continue to encou- has a real beauty – that doesn’t rage it by means of new proposals mean that it functions well ! – ; For the AUC, this renewed which tomorrow will build on this it has a unique architectural and modernness must not be expressed richness and contribute to the urban energy. solely through a style of objects, identity of Lyon and its “global but also through “contents, pro- recognition”. My first wish, when I took part grams and combinations of pro- in this workshop, was to say: “for grams which will make Part-Dieu once it would be good if it wasn’t a once more a showcase and a labo- standard town-planning program, ratory for urban and architectural because it appeals to a district innovation”. which is anything but standard. “In a rather provocative manner, I think I said that you almost have to do the opposite of what is being done elsewhere. In any case, what is needed is a unique and perhaps

The renewal of this district should be done without destroying the architectural expressiveness which is the hallmark of special era and which even so has a lot of qualities.

unexpected approach which takes into account the characteristics of this really atypical district.

58 Can you single out a few This intimacy will be the fruit of The Greater Lyondoesn’t control buildings in particular? major work on the bottom parts: real estate at the Part-Dieu; so how densifying, providing uses, crea- can one get round this difficulty? Of course! Among my favourite ting intermediate architectures buildings I’d have to say would be which can prevail over those, of This district suffers from an the 70s which are sometimes too the Auditorium, the offices of the overall density which is too weak Greater Lyon, the Zumbrunnen imposing.. and Desaix housing complexes or poorly distributed. and then the good old Tour crayon I think also that this district suffers (Pencil Tower), which is the signa- from an overall density which is too One of the major issues of the pro- ture of a certain era and which has weak or poorly distributed: these ject will certainly be to find real a unique character. buildings are too far apart from estate, to transform spaces, which one another, making the user feel for the moment are adjudged to The renewal of this district will somewhat isolated. One doesn’t be uninteresting because they have to be achieved without des- detect any urban continuity. The are left-overs, into veritable real- troying this architectural expres- numerous empty ground floors, estate “nuggets”. A space which was siveness which tells the story of a too often as a result of an archi- yesterday adjudged to be useless special era and which even so has tecture which is too often on piles, and unbuildable may tomorrow many qualities. make the urban spaces cold and become a veritable attraction,a devoid of any meaning and life. new central point. You explained, during the workshop, that the Part-Dieu The key to the success of the overall Afterwards, the project will cer- has “a real problem in the way project will amongst other things tainly involve public-private par- it is connected to the ground “… be the construction of architec- tnership and the exceptional urban tures which can slip into these challenge will make this dialogue Yes, it’s the typical problem of the empty spaces, flow under existing and partnership easier. 1970s; We find architectural wri- architecture, to create this inter- tings which are sometimes power- mediate and warm level and fill ful and innovative for the period, these spaces with shops, cafés, but also quite unconcerned about small groups of homes and offices the context, of the human scale, etc. and the relationship between buil- dings and the ground, and the Is that not what the AUC means by accesses and flows. the expression “active bases “?

A more subtle combination Yes and I think that these “active bases “could flow over from the between the spaces which current real estate premises, to impress you through their lead the charge on these infamous grandeur, then spaces and all too “cowardly “and lifeless which win you over by their public spaces. The visitor must never feel abandoned between two intimacy. buildings which don’t communi- cate with one another because they In this district, you won’t find are too far apart. The visitor needs any intimate spaces: one is rather to feel accompanied, attracted by struck by the monumental appea- all sorts of facilities and numerous rance of certain buildings, which architectural surprises. however I don’t find displeasing. But it seems to me that an alchemy between intimacy and this monu- mental appearance needs to be found, a more subtle combination between the spaces which impress you through their grandeur, then spaces which win you over by their intimacy and their more homely character. LES BÂTIMENTS «PATRIMOINE PART-DIEU» :

The “Part-Dieu Heritage “buildings

Tour Swiss Life, 1989 Christian Batton Robert Roustit

Le Britannia, 1974 Claude Monin Moncey-Nord, 1963/1965 A. Remondet Marcel Gut A. Seifert Jean Sillan Jean Zumbrunnen Part-Dieu Garibaldi, 1971 Bibliothèque municipale, 1972 Caisse Epargne Rhône-Alpes, 1977 Lucien Chrétien Bellemain & Heyraud Charles Delfante Raoul Labrosse Robert Levasseur Jacques Perrin-Fayolle (GPR) Tour Part-Dieu, 1977 Araldo Cossutta & Associates Stéphane du Château

Parking Moncey-Nord, 1970 Charles Delfante Façades du centre René Provost commercial de La Jean Zumbrunnen Part-Dieu, 1975 Auditorium Maurice-Ravel, 1975 Charles Delfante Henri Pottier (GPR) Cité administrative d’État, 1976 Tour EDF, 1977 Charles Delfante René Provost Tour M+M, 1972 Jean Zumbrunnen Pierre Dufau

Résidence du Lac, 1972 Résidence Desaix, 1963 Jean Zumbrunnen

Hôtel de la communauté ur- baine de Lyon, 1976 René Gimbert Jacques Vergely

Projet Lyon Part-Dieu // 29.10.2012 // l’AUC l’AUC as Bureau Bas Smets ProDéveloppement EPPC CMN Partners ENCORE NoDesign Agence ON CITEC RFR éléments ELIOTH (Egis Concept) EGIS France 246

60 LES BÂTIMENTS «PATRIMOINE PART-DIEU» :

Tour Swiss Life, 1989 Christian Batton Robert Roustit

Le Britannia, 1974 Claude Monin Moncey-Nord, 1963/1965 A. Remondet Marcel Gut A. Seifert Jean Sillan Jean Zumbrunnen Part-Dieu Garibaldi, 1971 Bibliothèque municipale, 1972 Caisse Epargne Rhône-Alpes, 1977 Lucien Chrétien Bellemain & Heyraud Charles Delfante Raoul Labrosse Robert Levasseur Jacques Perrin-Fayolle (GPR) Tour Part-Dieu, 1977 Araldo Cossutta & Associates Stéphane du Château

Parking Moncey-Nord, 1970 Charles Delfante Façades du centre René Provost commercial de La Jean Zumbrunnen Part-Dieu, 1975 Auditorium Maurice-Ravel, 1975 Charles Delfante Henri Pottier (GPR) Cité administrative d’État, 1976 Tour EDF, 1977 Charles Delfante René Provost Tour M+M, 1972 Jean Zumbrunnen Pierre Dufau

Résidence du Lac, 1972 Résidence Desaix, 1963 Jean Zumbrunnen

Hôtel de la communauté ur- baine de Lyon, 1976 René Gimbert Jacques Vergely

Projet Lyon Part-Dieu // 29.10.2012 // l’AUC l’AUC as Bureau Bas Smets ProDéveloppement EPPC CMN Partners ENCORE NoDesign Agence ON CITEC RFR éléments ELIOTH (Egis Concept) EGIS France 246 The operating entities The four locations of the redesigned Part-Dieu

he Part-Dieu project has from the rue Paul Bert to the cours developed around four ope- Gambetta. It’s an area which has T rational entities which all been ear-marked for services but have their own characteristics requi- also for sports and leisure facilities. ring an alternative contribution. It is currently undergoing a complete The transformation, with notably the “The open station” is the area which ZAC de la Buire (concerted develop- includes the railway station, the Multi- ment zone), the launch of operations modal transport hub and its environs. around the esplanade du Dauphiné: Departmental archives, Equinox The heart of Part-Dieu “stretches and Sky 56 buildings, work on lines principally along the paved area and T3 and T4, as well as specially rede- around the shopping centre, from the veloping the landscape for sports, operating rue Garibaldi to the boulevard Vivier- leisure and relaxation. Merle andfrom the rue Bouchut to the rue Deruelle. It contains the main facilities (shopping centre, library, Equinox (Project Owner: Eiffage): office buildings + Ground Floor shopping centre at the corner Auditorium, etc.) and public spaces of of F.Faure / Mouton Duvernet + RIE (Inter the Part-Dieu. Company Restaurant). 11,000 m2 including 9,700 m2 of offices and 1,4002 m of shops. Work in progress, handover start of 2014. Sky 56 (MO “The integrate Housing complex Icade/Cirmad): construction of an office building “runs from the rue du Docteur Bou- on a shared active base including an Inter entities Company Restaurant (canteen) RIE, brasserie, chut to the rue Paul Bert, and from the fitness centre, apartment accommodation, 2 boulevard Vivier-Merle to the la rue crèche and 30,000 m of meeting rooms including 25,000 m2 of offices. Garibaldi. This sector in open ground Work underway, handover which includes the France Télévisions end of 2015. site, the hôtel de Communauté as well as the Desaix residence is the prefer- red for housing development.

Finally, “Part-Dieu Sud ” stretches from boulevard Vivier- Merle to the rue Maurice Flandin a n d Focus on the open railway station At the centre of the transport system WHAT THE STAKEHOLDERS The urban shape takes up a whole HAVE TO SAY lot of work in itself: in terms of the way in which the station is going The railway station and its envi- “A dialogue between to be a part which is completely rons form the strategic rim of the the railway station incorporated within the district Part-Dieu district, which gives and the way in which the district it the status of a “metropolitan and the area around it itself is going to be modelled to hub” and which will be subject is necessary.” find room in it for this transport to the biggest changes over the facility. A dialogue is always neces- short and medium term. Indeed, sary between the transport facility this hyper central space needs to and the area. There’s no place for get ready to absorb the growth in any compartmentalisation : on one rail traffic (TER, TGV, and tomor- side the urban stakeholders run- row the Euro TGV) as well as the ning their project, and on the other intensification ofpublic transport the railway world conducting its and other transport systems at the studies and carrying out its deve- Part-Dieu. The aim is to turn the lopments. Non, there is obviously a Part-Dieu into a major European dialogue and a reciprocal infusion railway station but also a high-per- Interview with Frédéric Michaud, of ideas and concepts. formance multimodal hub. But the Director of Development plan is not to develop the station on and Jean-Marie Duthilleul, This being the case, what its own, but in a wider perspective architect, Chairman of AREP, a are the ideas and concepts of rebuilding the multimodal hub multidisciplinary research unit for developed by the AUC which which will provide the intercon- redevelopment and constructions, appeal to you? nections for transportation of all and subsidiary of SNCF Gares & types on varying scales. Connexions. Frédéric Michaud: What seems Important to us as the manage- What do you think of the urban ment authority for the station, is redesign project for the Part- the importance of safeguarding The aim is to turn the Part- Dieu?` the vitality of the transport facility. Dieu into a major European A station which is suffocating or dys- railway station but also a Frédéric Michaud: This sort of functional is to the detriment not undertaking is relatively common only of rail transport but also the mega high-performance in the major metropolitan stations. whole of the district. For us, the cru- multimodal hub. There are a number of urban areas cial issue is relieving the congestion that want to regenerate, rebuild of the concourse which is reaching The station and the squares that it their central district and take the limit of its capacity. The project links together by its thoroughfare advantage from the dynamic that must allow the station to breathe hall (the place Béraudier to the the new transport systems provide, by providing new spaces. A certain west and the place de Francfort to so as to dynamise the local urban number of stations are side configu- the east) also form a major public fabric. It’s totally in tune with our space at the epicentre of the conur- priorities which are focussed on The station is going to be a part bation. The reconfiguration of this developing transport facilities in which is completelyincorporated space, which needs to be based a manner which is consistent with within the district. The district around the practicality of move- the development of its environ- ment, the real-estate regeneration ment. And notably intermodality: itself is going to bemodelled to and the innovative approach to the public transport services, the link find room in it for thistransport public space, must therefore form between transport modes. In Lyon, facility part ofa particularly ambitious and the Sytral (1) initiative for that mat- qualitative development program. ter is particularly remarkable and red stations which can be stretched structured. along their length and height. The station can develop under the tracks, this is an extremely restricted space which will need to be expanded and

64 allowed to breathe. Several layouts with a rather higher quality of tra- types of transport, in the warm and could be envisaged. Either the sta- vellers who are looking for this type away from the rain and where one tion space breatheswhilst remaining of services. can make use of services, etc. This under the tracks with all the restric- we very much agree upon. tions that that imposes, or it can Is there anything special about breathe in the spaces on both sides the Part-Dieu railway station? What do you think about the method of governance of the The railway stations of Jean-Marie Duthilleul: Very few regeneration project for the tomorrow will be more and train stations in France are a pas- railway station? more public places, places for sageway leading directly to the plat- living in, for shopping, for dining forms (what is rather coarsely called Frédéric Michaud : A partnership and for services. How can these an underpass), the entrance hall and arrangement outlined by agree- changes be planned in the station concourse as well as a major ments has been put into place rela- limited space of the Part-Dieu pedestrian thoroughfare all in one. tively quickly given the number railway station? It’s a type of railway station which is of contributors and the important unique in France. It’s a bit like this stature of some of them. Suppor- Frédéric Michaud: We need in , or in Basel in Switzerland. ted by the prefect, the Greater Lyo- space, especially if we want to pro- Because at the end of the day, what is nis playing a leading role in all the vide travellers with services and a railway station? A place where one studies that are being carried out facilities : intermodal transport, tic- can comfortably walk from one’s throughout the whole of the sector. keting, dining, shops etc. train to another mode of transport. With a more special role focussed on One is more or less sheltered from Gares & Connexions (Train stations The station like a place of life, is the rain, kept cool in the summer and and Connections) and RFF (Track very much a part of the guiding warm in the winter, etc. Yet, at Part- & Infrastructure operator) for the principles of Gares & Connections. Dieu you are whisked directly from Part-Dieu railway station. There is For that, the station mustn’t be a the access route to the trains on the a second organisation for studies hollowed-out concourse where you public space, in the open air, towards on the Lyon rail hub, with the two lose time waiting for your train. On the bus stops, towards a metro sta- organisations talking and coordina- the contrary, waiting time needs to tion that one can only get to by going ting between one another more and become time that can be used, one outside. Whereas everywhere else, more. The positions in the discus- needs to be given updated informa- one ends up on a concourse, a sort of sions are becoming closer and closer. tion about one’s train so that in the transport gallery similar to the type meantime one can use the services you have at Strasbourg, Le Mans, To what degree is the station and shops as and when needed. It’s a Marseille Saint-Charles, or even like the city centre and a big help in making travelling a more Turin, which provides a comfortable public place? enjoyable experience, and therefore transfer from one’s train to the other to an extent encourages people to types of transport for getting round Jean-Marie Duthilleul: Thetwo choose to use public transport. the city. In a way this is the issue are linked. The public square,has facing Part-Dieu. Beyond the gene- for thousands of years beenthe This is very much our thinking at ral overloading of space, there is the place where access paths to the city Part-Dieu. Beyond the need for real subject of user comfort. converge.The cardo and the decu- capacity at surface level, there is a manus maximusonce crossed at the qualitative need for consolidating The AUC is developing the inte- central square.Ultimately a public and developing the services which resting concept of “easy ground “. square is a crossroadsfor traffic can be provided to travellers. In this Yet, an easy ground, for the public, routes. As the place where all the situation we’re in a major conurba- means a ground where one can types of traffic converge, the railway tion and therefore we’re dealing easily get from the train to other station is by its very nature a public space. It’s just that it needs to be EXPLANATION able to have a shape that promotes a sense of contact between people “A partnership and things: trade, communication. which is very much Frédéric Michaud: It has to be dovetailed around the a place where it is pleasant to stay station” or wait or where one has access to information, and where one can make good use of one’s time.

What is the schedule for these different projects?

Frédéric Michaud: This type of project requires a certain amount of time for technical preparation and Emmanuelle Balmain, Initial consultation. There is also a public coordinator of the transport hub debate to be had, the procedures project for the Part-Dieu Mission, for the declaration of the project as and in charge of the rail projects being of public interest, the organi- for the Greater Lyon. sation of the finance… In her report on the development of the Lyon rail “A governance which is a little com- Before that though numerous stu- hub, Marie-Line Meaux mentions plex Is being put in place for the dies would need to be carried out. a target date of 2030+. The choices Part-Dieu train station, and which Gares & Connexions is conduc- regarding the Lyon rail hub need to is run, at the request of the different ting studies on the railway station be made fairly quickly, so that the partners, by the Greater Lyon . It’s itself. The Greater Lyon, via the necessary groundwork can be done. a national station which was reco- Part-Dieu Mission, is carrying out gnised as a very large station, in the studies on the places Béraudier, The current transport hub will be same way as the Parisian railway Milan and Francfort as well as on saturated before this date. It needs stations are, by the Keller report every aspect of accessibility to the to breathe and to grow before this which was published in March site. RFF (Réseau Ferré de France) date. The necessary steps need to 2009. Today, Part-Dieu Is the num- is studying the platforms. And the be taken and implemented between ber one national interchange hub, Sytral (Public Transport Authority 2014 and 2020, otherwise the cur- and Lyon is France’s leading rail for the Rhône and Lyon Conurba- rent difficulties may get out of hand. hub straddling the north and south tion) is looking at the capacity of networks. Tomorrow with a cer- the urban network to absorb the By the start of 2013, we will have tain number of main line projects: flow of rail users which pour into completed the first stage in the study Lyon-Turin, Rhin- Rhône, Paris- the transport hub. These studies which will allow us to make a choice Orléans Clermont- Ferrand Lyon are being carried out interacti- in respect of developing the trans- but also the TGV lines for the PACA vely because they all concern each port hub. Then we’ll take the study region (Provence, Alps & Côte other. To put this very interlocking a step further so that it is consistent d’Azur) for Barcelona and from partnership into effect, a protocol with what is going to be decided for the north coming from Germany, was signed in July 2011 with the the Lyon rail hub. more and more TGV traffic will be understanding being that everyone passing through the Lyon rail hub. will work together on the functio- The first part of the study concen- There are also the regional projects nal program for a multimodal trates on the analysis and on the notably for the Lyon area where the transport hub with a blueprint to program, thus enabling the first aim is to have one TER (Regional be delivered for the start of 2013 ideas for development solutions to Express Train) running every 15 with the completion date set for be identified. Now, there are going minutes. So it’s today that the Lyon the end of 2020. With this redeve- to be more in-depth Discussions rail hub needs to be developed. lopment of the station the future between the Greater Lyonand the There are a number of different will be secure – whatever the solu- AUC. It’s a case of getting a dialogue scenarios. The chairman of the tion finally chosen for the Lyon rail going between the urban intentions Greater Lyonhas already taken a hub – and the aim of the project is and the need to develop the trans- position on one of them, that of the to keep things together until the port hub so as to marry the different underground railway station. By the completion of the future under- concepts. rather far off 2030, Part-Dieu could ground railway station, for the next be an underground train station ten years by taking the pressure of (1) Intercommunal cooperative for Transports for with the TER underground and the this railway station”. the Rhône and the Greater Lyon TGV above ground.

66 Focus on the heart of the Part-Dieu The Agora of the ACCOUNT exciting project for us because the Conurbation shopping centre will be at the heart “The Part-Dieu project of this project. is operating in a spirit Because it is home to the principal What do you think about the facilities and public spaces of the of partnership which is Part-Dieu project? district – shopping centre, Muni- completely unique” cipal library, Auditorium -, Coeur It’s an ambitious project which Part-Dieu is a vast agora with cultu- has drawn support from many ral, shopping, entertainment and Interview with Pascal Barboni, quarters. The idea is to turn it into events facilities designed with the Program director for Extensions / a model district for Europe, by public in mind. Rénovations d’Unibail - giving this district which was desi- Rodamco, joint owner of the gned in the 1970s a new lease of life The challenge is to make these faci- Part-Dieu shopping centre. so that Part-Dieu can become an lities available in the public space to essential address. valorise and diversify their functions What does the Lyon Part- to form a full and consistent package Dieu shopping cente mean to The work undertaken by the AUC of shops, leisure and cultural facili- Unibail-Rodamco ? is of a very high quality, notably ties for a metropolitan hyper centre. in terms of the method: there The shopping centre that we have has been a true engagement with It’s also about interlinking them and in this emblematic district is our the stakeholders involved in the providing them with better connec- third biggest in France in terms district. tions to the rest of the city. Having of number of visitors, after the inherited a town-planning based on Quatre Temps at la Défense and Furthermore, what we have before paving stones, the Cœur Part-Dieu the Forum des Halles in Paris. us is a local authority which is dead is a combination of different levels Lyon Part-Dieu is also the number set on moving forward and is a with upper locations (often quiet) one city centre shopping centre in dynamo for creativity. This is fun- and ground level locations (very western Europe in terms of size – damental if we are to achieve the busy). Because of the necessity for 130,000 m2 of retail space – and in targets that we have set. “Easy ground”, the Part-Dieu pro- number of shops: 270. ject is aimed at making the pathways The desire to undertake this pro- and the connections between these We are already in a district which ject goes back along way and we are different spaces more visible and is intrinsically spectacular. With very much aware of the vision that more comfortable to to bring them an extra million m2 space planned the Greater Lyonhas for the Part- to life and so that users can feel a under the Part-Dieu project, it’s Dieu district. We have been able sense of sharing them. appeal will be strengthened. It’s an to follow The development of the Concept Plan, then of the Guide Plan and then the Reference Plan designed by the AUC right from the very first concepts to the pres- entation of a very innovative model to the MIPIM, International Pro- fessional Property Market in 2011.

We have shared and established the first blueprint for a coproduction. We are in the process of completing a major stage with the signature of a protocol of objectives. What is necessary now is that all the pro- jects which have been prepared, materialise. Every one of the public and private stakeholders is going to have to actively participate in the regeneration of this district. The Part-Dieu aims to develop into a public leisure area. Do trict because it is an entity that one this district in the next 5,10, 20, you go along with this project? crosses and goes through to reach 30 years. What future changes one’s destination. In this respect, it do you see for the Lyon Part- Today, the Greater Lyonhas has the features of a public place. Dieu shopping centre? made clear its decision to create Our feeling is that one must be able a purpose for this roof terrace of to continue to use the shopping Our strategy is one of constant the shopping centre by developing centre as a through route, but it’s change, both in commercial, a certain number of activities. It’s our job to make the route for users architectural, and technological true that this is a unique location more functional and legible – I say respects as well as in design and with an astounding view, looking “users “, and not just “customers “. communication. The fact that out over Fourvière. Apple Store and other brands are At the heart of the Part-Dieu opening their stores in the shop- In addition, one needs to take island, the shopping centre must ping centre or in the city centre account of the atypical character have the role of helping improve for the first time, is recognition of Lyon Part-Dieu: the hypermar- the visibility of the district. This of our determination to engage ket is located in the top part of the involves the refurbishment of our in constant renewal which chimes shopping centre instead of on the entrances. When the rue Clément perfectly with the expectations of ground floor or in the basement. Bouchut entrance is refurbished our clientele. And it’s because the car park is and when the rue de Bonnel is essential for providing access to redesigned, we’ll have to start wor- Since 2009, we have accelerated the users of the hypermarket that king on the interface. the proof of this policy of renewal, it is located on the roof. These fun- with the opening of the Terrasses damentals need to be taken into For the boulevard Vivier-Merle, we in a friendly, warm and welcoming account. still think that the opening should setting. Where there was once only be through the shopping centre. unwelcoming paving slabs which Is that to say that you are not needed serious redesigning, we prepared to abandon the idea Overall do you go along with have introduced new concepts for of the car park on the shopping the approach of the AUC and dining. It’s the first stage in a story centre roof? the Greater Lyon ? which is unfolding before our eyes. The roof for the existing centre Our group fully supports the The 2nd stage, the extension on the has two functions: a parking func- policy instigated by the Greater Tour Oxygène side, has allowed us tion and a technical function (the Lyon, with whom we share a com- to welcome new brands which air-conditioning equipment, etc.). mon vision for the district. It’s this couldn’t previously be found in the Certain things may change. The that undeniably allows us to move Rhône- Alpes such as New Look, car park could be moved but only forward as a partner and coprodu- Via Uno, We Store, Calzédonia, partly because our concern is not cer of the renovation project. etc. to have as many parking spaces as possible but for them to be close Tomorrow, when the Part-Dieu Autumn 2011, saw the end of the to the shops. The proximity of the becomes home to major national 3rd chapter to the story, that of the car park to the hypermarket is head-offices, it will need to be in renovation of the shopping centre. essential. a position to provide a new gene- ration shopping centre combining What’s left now is the redevelop- There’s no doubt that the car park all the expertise of our group: ment of the level – 0 (“metro “) needs to be looked at again, lands- polysensoriel experience, design, which handles a lot of traffic and caped and made more attractive, technology… We are going to for which we are looking at dif- but part of it must remain on the continue to attract major brands, ferent ways for its redevelopment roof. international flagships and inno- which will embody our expertise vative concept stores. The vision as much in the work with the shop What do you think of the AUC’s and the will which exist in the dis- brands as well as with the design project of creating an East- trict, apply equally to our centre. and attractions. This in paral- West pedestrian gallery? lel with the introduction of new We are very excited about this pro- technological applications and One can’t imagine cutting the ject and very happy that it is being notably interactive directories shopping centre in two to recreate carried through in a spirit of par- (touch screens for finding one’s way a road open to the sky. The pro- tnership, which is totally unique around). perty structure forms a whole. The on a national scale. existing asset must support the The Part-Dieu project includes urban transformation. It is now the conversion of the roof ter- the shopping centre which is pro- race of the shopping centre viding the irrigation for the dis-

68 Part-Dieu shopping centre

Cinema complex Reorganised car parks

Roof-terraces for the new cinemas

New entrance from the paved area

Panoramic footbridge

Hanging square

New entrance from rue Servient

Extension of the shopping centre Thoroughfare along alongside rue Bouchut the rue Servient Main stairway leading to the hanging square through the shopping centre

New entrance

New logistics centre under the Cuirassiers car park

Source: Reference plan for the Part Dieu project - AUC – January 2012 / image updated on 17.10.2012 Tribute Tribute to Charles Delfante

harles Delfante who was the urban destiny of Lyon alongside involved with each stage of the the Mayor Louis Pradel (1957-1975). Cproject for the “redesigning” of the Part-Dieu, and who was the ini- Charles Delfante next went on to tial designer of this district, died on undertake the construction of the 4 January 2012. With his knowledge Saint-Genis-Laval shopping centre of all the issues and peculiarities of in 1980 and the household waste pro- this district which he helped create, cessing centre of Nancy in 1995, and Charles Delfante followed the pro- then the renovation of the Gratte- gress of the Part-Dieu project with Ciel de Villeurbanne (Villeurbanne his outspoken views and his rebel- skyscraper) in 1999. lious spirit. But Part-Dieu remains his “great Born in Lyon in 1926, Charles work”, which he always viewed with a Delfante graduated from the town- critical eye. In a work entitled “Part- planning institute in 1953; he was Dieu, the success of failure” (éditions before too long named town-plan- Libel, 2009), he examines how the ning advisor to the Ministry of politicians, developers, financiers Tribute Reconstruction. As part of this role and the doubting Thomases finally he was responsible for studying a pro- got their way for what was originally ject which would become the general to be one of the most innovative development and organisational Plan urban centres in Europe. Charles for the Lyon region (PADOG) in 1961. Delfante recognises in his book that in the same year he became Director this urban failure was a very great of the Lyon municipal town-planning financial success… Workshop for which had just been opened and where he would carry on Only a few days before his death he with his Program until 1978. At the was still speaking with energy same time, he was in charge of the about one the great passions study group set up for restructuring in his life: Part-Dieu. the centre of Lyon and which culmi- nated in the creation of the Part-Dieu district. In 1983, he also worked with the architect Michel Macary on the construction of the Part-Dieu railway station. For more than 30 years, this disciple of a human and ambitious style of town planning p r e s i d e d over “in this “redesigning” relevance of the findings and the garden party in the gardens of the of the Part-Dieu, quality of the proposals. The cynics Préfecture, the project was explai- might say that I’m only congratu- ned to De Gaulle by a quartet I find all the lating them because this Guide consisting of: the prefect, Louis enthusiasm and sprit Plan is using a certain number of Pradel the Mayor, the facilities the original guiding principles. director and myself as designer. that gripped us 50 Never mind! In this “redesign” I De Gaulle, all six foot six of him years ago” can see all the enthusiasm and the looked down at us. There was this spirit which guided my team some silence. Then a sudden impulse : 50 years ago. It’s a remarkable “Tell me, Mr Mayor, what’s life undertaking which brings with it, like after 5 in the evening in this its load of hypotheses, solutions place your proposing? Is there and its innovative character which any enjoyment to be had? Is there should be able to propel Lyon to a bistrot anywhere to be found?” the position where it is once more He was so right! at the cutting edge of European town-planning. I must offer my hearty congratulations for the You wrote a self-critique on -work that has been Interview with Charles Delfante the initial project, which was town-planner and initial creator called “Part-Dieu, the success done, the relevance of the of the Part-Dieu project. of failure”. Did the Part-Dieu findings and the quality of district really deserve the the proposals. How did you get involved scathing criticism from the with the urban “redesign AUC? Cities, and one can see this with “project for the Part-Dieu? the growth of Chinese cities, are What do you think about this Should we stubbornly attack, and always changing : they generate new major project, fifty years change everything or at least to a their own dynamic. What are we after the initial town planning considerable extent? Why not! The interested in when we are prepa- project that you designed? problem is that there will always be ring the urban plan for the Part- a problem of adjustment between Dieu? It’s the way in which the The Part-Dieu Mission has had the the implementation of the projects space is going to be able to live courtesy to keep me informed, at and the finance options. It gets from morning to evening, and how each stage, of the development of very difficult. But within a relati- we will feel the life pulse of the city. the Part-Dieu project. Nathalie vely short space of time one needs Berthollier and François Decos- to find parts to the program the Life is full of hard knocks. One of ter have both showed me the stu- usefulness of which can be detec- the first that I was on the receiving dies from the AUC. More recently, ted immediately by the population. end of was in the suburbs of Tunis, Nathalie Berthollier invited me to in front of the Roman ruins at come and see a most impressive “One can’t create a city if no- Dougga. As one faces these ruins, one lives there” as you always one feels that there is life! With us its Innovative character say and this is what you call there is nothing like that. In cer- should be able to propel the “Delfante Motto”… tain urban programs it was neces- Lyon to the position where it sary to stress the watchwords of I always refer to this anecdote. development, communication, etc. is once, more at the cutting When De Gaulle came to Lyon to allow life to flourish. edge of European town- after the turmoil of 1968, we planning. wanted to announce the Part-Dieu Do you still think that the project to him. Knowing what De population is not sufficiently model full of novelties which sets Gaulle was interested in, I tried to taken account of in the Urban out what the project is all about, promote the idea that one aim of projects? in a way that I don’t think could be the project might be to make the done any better. When I looked into work of the typist toiling away at I’m not sure that we’re asking the the Guide Plan, I was excited and Part-Dieu more fulfilling. Today it right questions here. Greater Lyon, delighted by what I found. I must would be the young PR specialist Grand Paris… We rattle off the offer my hearty congratulations for whose life we might be trying to projects but are we taking account the work that has been done, the make more rewarding. During the of the existing or future popula-

72 tion? Is the population going to be What do you notice most of all I also think that the Garibaldi pro- compatible, or in synch with what about the AUC’s project? ject, with the landscaping deve- the town-planners have in mind? lopment of the place Charles de We no longer use town-planning There are loads of interesting Gaulle, would be better if it were and the quality of town-planning things in the project from the more dense, in order to play a ful- to improve quality of life, which architects of the AUC, a stack of ler role in the Part-Dieu project. is something that seems to me to good things in fact! First because Unfortunately the head architect be essential. There are no smiling they have taken on board the cir- from “monuments de France” parts to the Part-Dieu; it’s just cumstances of the creation of the doesn’t seem to want to change boring! This is a pity. Even so the railway station and then of Part- anything, on the grounds that the initial policy from the politicians Dieu. It’s the problem of crea- Auditorium and the square are is interesting: a degree of social ting the station bearing in mind listed as being a part of the “20th diversity had to be found to keep the the half-hearted speculative century heritage “. Yet this Audi- population mixed. Then come the manœuvres of the SNCF which torium and the place Charles de questions of profitability … Still, in skewed the project. It was smart to Gaulle were designed to corres- order for there to be this attraction, take account of this context, and of pond to an environment left to this abundance of activities, quite the history. Garibaldi which resulted in this simply one needs to look after the wretched fiasco. They are interes- well-being of the people. People For the railway station, it’s clear ting creations but they need to be must be able to get satisfaction from that we are going to have to do what adapted to and reworked accor- what is around them, to feel good in we didn’t do 20 years ago: provide ding to the changes occurring in their environment, in order to feel underground access to the railway their environment. satisfied inside. lines. It’s going to cost a bomb ! Whereas it would have been so easy The way in which urban lands- What is the principal condition in the first place to build large rail capes are designed has changed a for making the Part-Dieu pro- area two levels underground. lot. The landscape environment is ject a success? that important that the features of But do you have any the area need to be able to adapt We need to avoid at all costs the reservations or criticisms of to the numbers of people passing Part-Dieu being confined to a cer- the project? through. tain space. In Italian cities there is a communication problem between The only “fault” with the project We have an opportunity to rede- certain parts of the city. It’s a pity is that it doesn’t develop the Part- sign all the spaces from the rue that after all wars of the Middle Dieu /Gratte Ciel route which I Juliette Récamier right up to the Ages we weren’t able to develop think is important. Another impor- place des Martyrs de la Résistance, our ability to criticize in order to tant point in my view is: the Part- so let’s go for it! increase the number of points of Dieu / Saint-Exupéry visual line. I polarisation. With this in mind, think that it’s essential that there (Remarks recorded on 21 December 2011, Just how can we get the Part-Dieu to link is visual contact between the air- before his death which occurred on 5 January 2012) up to the Presqu’île ? This seems to port and Part-Dieu. It’s important me to be a crucial point. to always be able to appreciate the distance, a sense of contact is what gives one a feeling of belonging.

Director of publication: Gérard Collomb General coordination: Part-Dieu Mission Editorial coordination : Greater Lyon- Planning and Public Consultation Department and Communications Department Editor: Anne-Caroline Jambaud Design and graphic production: Nova Consulting / Encore / Magazine © Greater Lyon- Jacques Leone - Emma Arbogast - itemcorporate - AUC – Lyon Town Planning - Mathieu Lee Vigneau - Alain Guillemaud - Pierre Even - Gamma - David Anémian and udL Greater Lyon- December 2012 PART-DIEU MISSION L’a t e l i e r 192, rue de Garibaldi 69003 Lyon Tel. 00 33 (0)4 26 99 35 18 [email protected] www.lyonpart-dieu.com

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