Actes Des Congrès De La Société Française Shakespeare, 22

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Actes Des Congrès De La Société Française Shakespeare, 22 Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare 22 | 2005 Shakespeare et l’Europe de la Renaissance Actes du Congrès de la Société Française Shakespeare 2004 Yves Peyré and Pierre Kapitaniak (dir.) Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/shakespeare/33 DOI: 10.4000/shakespeare.33 ISSN: 2271-6424 Publisher Société Française Shakespeare Printed version Date of publication: 1 November 2005 ISBN: 2-9521475-1-5 Electronic reference Yves Peyré and Pierre Kapitaniak (dir.), Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare, 22 | 2005, « Shakespeare et l’Europe de la Renaissance » [Online], Online since 30 November 2006, connection on 25 May 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/shakespeare/33 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/ shakespeare.33 This text was automatically generated on 25 May 2020. © SFS 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Avant-propos Pierre Kapitaniak Le masque dans les comédies de Richard Brome, un divertissement sous influence continentale ? Claire Bardelmann Stereotypical National Characterizations in the Europe of Shakespeare’s Day Pauline Blanc « Petruchio, I shall be your ben venuto » : Shakespeare, Jonson et la langue italienne Christophe Camard Shakespeare et le De Pictura de Leon Battista Alberti Jean-François Chappuit « The bonds of heaven are slipp’d, dissolv’d and loos’d »: Figures de l’espace dans Troilus and Cressida Muriel Cunin Between Topographical Fact and Cliché: Vienna and Austria in Shakespeare and other English Renaissance Writing Manfred Draudt Plotting and Edification in Shakespeare and Wotton Roy Eriksen La Pucelle sur la scène littéraire et politique : le trajet Pont-à-Mousson – Londres Richard Hillman Shakespeare et la géographie imaginaire de l’Europe François Laroque Corporeal Ecology and European Otherness on the Shakespearean Stage Leanore Lieblein Shakespeare’s Possible Use of Polydore Vergil’s Anglica Historia in Henry VIII Roberta Mullini Shakespeare et la gravure morale de l’Europe du Nord Josée Nuyts-Giornal Samuel Daniel et le paradoxe de la frontière : « Thames doth out goe / Declined Tybur » Christine Sukic “Horror… is the sinews of the fable”: Giraldi Cinthio’s works and Elizabethan tragedy Mariangela Tempera Giordano Bruno et Shakespeare : la poétique d’une écriture dans l’Europe de la Renaissance Gisèle Venet To great St Jaques bound: All’s Well That Ends Well in Shakespeare’s Europe Richard Wilson Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare, 22 | 2005 2 Avant-propos Pierre Kapitaniak 1 En ces temps où une nouvelle Europe se constitue, le concept même de « civilisation européenne » devient problématique, car il est facile d’y voir une construction a posteriori qui pose une unité culturelle des pays d’Europe, développée à l’aide d’icônes nationales comme Érasme ou Shakespeare, dont on fait des représentants d’une « culture européenne » homogène, élitiste et ethnocentrique. 2 Dès le début du second millénaire, l’Europe occidentale prend conscience de sa singularité, tout d’abord en opposition à l’Asie et à l’Afrique. Au fil des croisades, son identité se forge dans l’adversité, en prenant appui sur la foi chrétienne. De l’effervescence humaniste du Quattrocento aux changements politiques, économiques et religieux tout au long du XVIe siècle, cet Occident chrétien subit de profondes transformations, qui affectent la perception de son identité. La découverte du Nouveau Monde et l’exploitation des richesses qu’il recèle sonnent le glas d’une économie qui, encore féodale au XVe siècle, est désormais régie par une tendance inflationniste et voit émerger une nouvelle classe de riches marchands. Les foyers de Réforme religieuse allumés par Luther à Wittenberg, par Zwingli à Zurich et par Calvin à Genève, entraînent une riposte catholique concrétisée tout d’abord par la création de la compagnie de Jésus, puis par les décisions du Concile de Trente, et plongent l’Europe dans une longue période de guerres de religion. Ces déchirements internes ne doivent pas faire oublier la menace ottomane qui se fait de plus en plus présente et pressante. Ainsi, les profonds bouleversements qu’apporte le XVIe siècle esquissent un mouvement de sécularisation qui fait glisser l’unité identitaire des nations occidentales de « chrétienté » vers « Europe », glissement que John Hale rapproche notamment de la présence turque en Europe1. Cette nouvelle réalité se perçoit ainsi au tournant du siècle dans l’apparition aux côtés du substantif « Europe », de l’adjectif « européen », et ce n’est sans doute pas une coïncidence si son premier emploi attesté en langue anglaise revient à Richard Knolles à propos de « Europian Tartars2 ». 3 Étudier les rapports entre Shakespeare et l’Europe de son temps soulève d’emblée la question de la place de l’Angleterre au sein de cet espace européen, tant du point de vue géographique que politique ou encore religieux. Son insularité en fait tout d’abord une région en périphérie et, depuis la perte de Calais, en retrait des conflits sur le sol Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare, 22 | 2005 3 européen. Du point de vue anglais, il y a également une distance vis-à-vis du Continent, et ce dernier suscite autant la curiosité que la méfiance. Cette « exception » anglaise apparaît clairement sous la plume de Sir John Smythe lorsque celui-ci oppose la paix qui règne en Angleterre (« Nation of a singular gift of God ») aux guerres qui font rage outre-mer : they had and haue continual practise and exercise, by reason that they are in the continent, where euerie kingdome and state doth ioyne one to another without anie partition of sea, and therefore driuen to keepe continuall garrisons and exercises of warre3… 4 Cette différence géographique et politique se retrouve également dans la particularité de sa Réforme qui, après les années mouvementées entre la mort d’Henri VIII et les premières années du règne d’Élisabeth, adopte une position modérée, résistant aux pressions catholiques et puritaines. 5 L’isolement insulaire de l’Angleterre n’empêche pas la circulation des biens, des hommes et des idées. Comme ailleurs, même si cela se fait parfois avec un certain retard, on y accueille, assimile et transforme tant les avancées scientifiques que les idéaux de la Renaissance italienne dans les domaines d’architecture, de peinture, de poésie ou de musique. On y accueille aussi des hommes de sciences et de lettres pour qui Londres et Oxford deviennent des centres culturels incontournables, mais aussi parfois des lieux de refuge. On y traduit à profusion et tous domaines confondus, même si en matière de théologie la préférence est donnée aux œuvres protestantes, en raison d’une censure exercée par l’État. 6 À l’instar de celle de ses contemporains, l’œuvre de Shakespeare, qui ne puise pas uniquement dans la culture britannique, mais s’inscrit bien plus largement dans un contexte européen, reflète cette circulation foisonnante de textes et d’idées. Les communications réunies dans ce volume en explorent les différentes facettes. L’une des manifestations les plus visibles de ces échanges est la représentation des autres pays européens dans des pièces dont l’action se déroule en Espagne, en Italie, en Autriche ou en France, et les stéréotypes nationaux qui s’y attachent. D’autres articles jaugent les œuvres de Shakespeare à l’aune des mouvements d’idées politiques et religieux et des courants artistiques, qu’ils soient architecturaux, philosophiques, poétiques ou musicaux. Parfois ces enquêtes mettent à jour l’assimilation et la transformation par Shakespeare d’œuvres précises et identifiables, permettant ainsi de retracer dans le détail le cheminement de tel ou tel texte ou illustration. NOTES 1. John Hale, La civilisation de l’Europe à la Renaissance, Paris, Perrin, 2003, p. 7. 2. The generall historie of the Turkes from the first beginning of that nation to the rising of the Othoman familie, Londres, Adam [?], 1603, STC 15051. 3. Certaine discourses, Londres, Richard Johnes, 1590, f° 27 r°-v°. Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare, 22 | 2005 4 Le masque dans les comédies de Richard Brome, un divertissement sous influence continentale ? Claire Bardelmann 1 Je m’intéresse aujourd’hui aux rapports entre masque et théâtre à l’époque caroléenne sous un angle particulier, celui de l’influence qu’a pu exercer le ballet de cour français de la même période à travers l’exemple d’un dramaturge, Richard Brome. 2 Cette étude part d’un constat : dans le théâtre caroléen se trouve beaucoup de musique, surtout dans les comédies de Richard Brome et de James Shirley. Les masques ou éléments de masques y occupent une place particulièrement importante. Parallèlement, le masque de cour lui-même subit des modifications en profondeur sous l’influence musicale étrangère, c’est-à-dire très prioritairement française. 3 On peut donc se demander en quoi le masque caroléen reflète cette influence française – en l’occurrence, celle du ballet de cour – et si le théâtre s’en faisait l’écho, non seulement à travers des allusions aux pratiques musicales de l’époque, mais aussi dans les éléments de masque que l’on peut trouver à la scène, surtout chez Richard Brome, dont le théâtre est particulièrement imprégné de musique. En effet, cette densité musicale, ainsi que la présence de masques dans certaines pièces, suggèrent une hybridation des formes qui reflète aussi les genres à la mode, et donc, potentiellement, les nouvelles orientations du masque de cour. Les dramaturges ont-ils répercuté ces changements structurels dans les masques insérés au théâtre, et comment l’influence française influe-t-elle sur la dynamique des genres ? 4 Mon but est donc d’étudier les changements structurels du masque caroléen et de voir s’ils se retrouvent au théâtre, et dans quelle mesure ils influent sur la structure dramatique. Je commencerai donc par établir l’influence du ballet de cour sur le masque anglais sous Charles Ier.
Recommended publications
  • KNIGHTHOOD in the GRAND DUCHY of LITHUANIA from the LATE FOURTEENTH to the EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURIES* Rimvydas Petrauskas In
    3 9 LITHUANIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 11 2006 ISSN 1392-2343 pp. 39–66 KNIGHTHOOD IN THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA FROM THE LATE FOURTEENTH TO THE EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURIES* Rimvydas Petrauskas ABSTRACT The main aim of this article is to collect and assess all accessible data about the early development of chivalric culture in the GDL and to identify possible trends. This phenomenon is perceived as part of the history of the European knighthood in the late Middle Ages. The article also seeks to investigate the meaning of the conception of the knight in the GDL documents of the fifteenth century in order to determine the spread of knighthood in the nobility of the Grand Duchy. In the research of these aspects the flourishing of the knighthood culture at the court of Grand Duke Vytautas in the early-fifteenth century is distinguished as a period when high-ranking representatives of the country’s nobility were awarded titles; and a new enhancement is noticeable in the times of Alexander Jogailaitis when an initiative, a unique phenomenon in Poland-Lithuania, was undertaken to establish a brotherhood of knights. In the analysis of the use of the concept of knighthood, emphasis is placed on the difference between the singular use of the knightly title and the pluralistic estate conception. In 1446 the grand master of the Teutonic Order sent a letter of credence to Grand Duke Casimir and the palatine of Vilnius, Jonas Goštautas, to the effect that that the noble knights Hans Marschalk and Jenichen von Tergowitz were going to visit the courts of the Lithuanian ruler, and other nobles and dukes in order to gain knowledge of knighthood there: Die edelen und vesten Hans Marschalk und Jenichen von Tergouitz…haben liebe und lust und sint geneiget euwer grosmechtikeit und andern hern und fursten hoeffe, landt und gegenaten zcu besuchen, sich darinne zcu sehen und * This article is part of the project ‘Political, Ethnic, and Religious Confrontations in Lithuania in the Thirteenth – Fifteenth Centuries’ financed by the Lithuanian State Foundation for Research and Studies 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Droughts in the Area of Poland in Recent Centuries in the Light of Multi- 2 Proxy Data
    1 Droughts in the area of Poland in recent centuries in the light of multi- 2 proxy data 3 4 Rajmund Przybylak1 ORCID: 0000-0003-4101-6116, Piotr Oliński2 ORCID: 0000-0003-1428- 5 0800, Marcin Koprowski3 ORCID: 0000-0002-0583-4165, Janusz Filipiak4 ORCID: 0000-0002- 6 4491-3886, Aleksandra Pospieszyńska1 ORCID: 0000-0003-2532-7168, Waldemar 7 Chorążyczewski2 ORCID: 0000-0002-0063-0032, Radosław Puchałka3 ORCID: 0000-0002- 8 4764-0705, and Henryk P. Dąbrowski5 ORCID:0000-0002-8846-5042 9 1 Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, 10 Poland 11 2 Department of Medieval History, Institute of History and Archival Sciences, Faculty of History, Nicolaus 12 Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 13 3 Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus 14 University, Toruń, Poland 15 4 Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, 16 University of Gdansk, Poland 17 5 Dendroarchaeological Laboratory, Archaeological Museum in Biskupin, Biskupin, Poland 18 19 Correspondence to: R. Przybylak ([email protected]) 20 21 Abstract: The history of drought occurrence in Poland in the last millennium is poorly known. To improve this 22 knowledge we have conducted a comprehensive analysis using both proxy data (documentary and 23 dendrochronological) and instrumental measurements of precipitation. The paper presents the main features of 24 droughts in Poland in recent centuries, including their frequency of occurrence, coverage, duration and intensity. The 25 reconstructions of droughts based on all the mentioned sources of data covered the period 996–2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Curzel Chiese Trentine.Pdf
    © Copyright 2005 Cierre Edizioni via Ciro Ferrari, 5 37060 Sommacampagna, Verona tel. 045 8581572 fax 045 8589883 [email protected] www.cierrenet.it Emanuele Curzel Chiese trentine Ricerche storiche su territori, persone e istituzioni BIBLIOTECA DEI QUADERNI DI STORIA RELIGIOSA iv Indice 7 Presentazione di Gian Maria Varanini 11 Nota introduttiva 31 I. Immagini del territorio 33 1. Il pagamento della decima papale degli anni 1313-1319 in diocesi di Trento 89 2. L’organizzazione ecclesiastica della Valsugana nel medioevo 127 3. Per una storia dei santuari trentini 147 4. Confini e santuari “all’Adige e sui monti” 163 5. Luoghi di culto e mete di pellegrinaggio nel Trentino tardomedioevale 179 6. Le chiese dedicate a san Vigilio in diocesi di Trento 191 II. Studi sul clero 193 1. Scolastici e “scolares” nella cattedrale di Trento 215 2. Cappellani e altari nella cattedrale di Trento nel XIV secolo 253 3. L’altare dei Santi Sisinio, Martirio e Alessandro 289 4. Federico IV e il Capitolo di Trento 315 5. Il vescovo Giorgio Hack a Castel Roncolo (1463-1465) 335 6. Attraverso le Alpi. Mobilità ed etnia del clero nel tardo medioevo 4 361 III. Chiese grandi e piccole 363 1. Alla ricerca dell’archivio dei domenicani di San Lorenzo 373 2. Sant’Anna di Sopramonte: dati per una riscoperta 385 3. San Lorenzo in Banale: dal “pulchrum templum” alla parrocchia 413 4. San Paolo di Ceniga: fortuna e declino di un eremo 427 5. San Pietro in Bosco: documenti e tradizioni 447 Fonti e bibliografia 489 Indice dei nomi di luogo e di persona 5 Si ringrazia la Federazione Trentina delle Cooperative per il contribu- to che ha permesso la pubblicazione del volume.
    [Show full text]
  • To Vote a King
    CONTRACTUAL MAJESTY ELECTORAL POLITICS IN TRANSYLVANIA AND POLAND-LITHUANIA 1571-1586 A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Felicia Roşu, M.A. Washington, DC May 1, 2009 Copyright 2009 by Felicia Roşu All Rights Reserved ii CONTRACTUAL MAJESTY ELECTORAL POLITICS IN TRANSYLVANIA AND POLAND-LITHUANIA, 1571-1586 Felicia Roşu, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Andrzej S. Kamiński, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Stefan Báthory (1533-1586) was chosen by the orders and estates of Transylvania to be their ruler in May 1571; in December 1575 he was also elected king of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth and was crowned as such in May 1576. Although Báthory never returned to his homeland after he took hold of his Polish-Lithuanian throne, he maintained control over the affairs of Transylvania and ruled both countries simultaneously until his death in December 1586. This dissertation analyzes Báthory’s two elections while comparing them to similar phenomena in the rest of Europe and placing them in the larger framework of early modern constitutionalism and civic republicanism. The goals of this dissertation are to unveil the dynamics of electoral politics in sixteenth-century East Central Europe; to illuminate the political language at play during elections; and to clarify the values, intentions, and motivations of political actors—both candidates and voters—in the electoral context. Research findings indicate that electoral politics not only reflected, but also affected the identity, values, and behavior of citizens and rulers in elective constitutional monarchies, particularly at moments when citizens had to rule themselves and prospective rulers had to comply with the conditions of citizens in order to be able to occupy their thrones.
    [Show full text]
  • Programme | Bishops Identities and Careers | the University of Aberdeen
    Programme | Bishops Identities and Careers | The University of Aberdeen Home Contact Map Sitemap Home First Call for Papers Registration Programme People Bishops Identities and Careers In This Section Conference Programme AHRC Early Career Home / Programme Research Grant Bishops' Identities, Careers and Networks Conference The Research Grants Scheme - early career route shares the same University of Aberdeen aims as the standard route but has been introduced to assist new researchers at the start of their careers in gaining experience of FRIDAY 26 MAY 2017 managing and leading research projects. The AHRC will aim to ensure that 9.00-10.00 – FIRST KEYNOTE LECTURE – Steinar Imsen, Norwegian University of Science and the success rate for proposals to Technology – The Nidaros Church and the insular parts of its province this route is slightly higher than proposals to the Research Grants 10.00-10.30 COFFEE standard route. 10.30-12.00 SESSION A 'Tenth and Eleventh Century Networks' Applications may be submitted for proposals with a full economic cost Fraser McNair - Ottonians in Miniature?: A Post-Carolingian Reichskirchentendenz in France, c.950- between £50,000 and £250,000 and for a duration of up to 60 990 months. Sally Vaughn - Herluin's Dream: Lanfranc of Canterbury and Anselm of Bec's Creation of a Bec Network of Ecclesiastical Rulers Spread Over Normandy, France, and England Learn More Andrew Smith - Pope Leo IX (1049-1054): Bishop of Rome or Pope for Europe 10.30-12.00 SESSION B ‘Episcopal Networks in Central Europe’ Jacek Maciejewski
    [Show full text]
  • The Chosen Many: Population Growth and Jewish Childcare in Central-Eastern Europe, 1500-1930”
    THE PINHAS SAPIR CENTER FOR DEVELOPMENT TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY “The Chosen Many: Population Growth and Jewish Childcare in Central-Eastern Europe, 1500-1930” Maristella Botticinii, Zvi Ecksteinii, Anat Vaturiiii Discussion Paper No.4-16 March 2016 i Thanks to The Pinhas Sapir Center for Development at Tel Aviv University as well as Israeli Science Foundation grant no. 1401/2012 for their financial support 1 We wish to thank Dima Kolotilenko and Stas Tarasov for their excellent and devoted research assistance in collecting the data and summarizing the vast literature related to this paper. In addition, we wish to thank the following list of scholars who helped us with the project: Tali Berner, Sergio DellaPergola, Avner Greif, Judith Kalik, Jonathan Karp, Aviad Kleinberg, Joel Mokyr, Yochanan Petrovski-Stern, Moshe Rosman, Noga Rubin, Tamar Salmon-Mack, Merav Schnitzer, Shaul Stamper, Adam Teller, and Dorota Żołądź-Strzelczyk. i Maristella Botticini, Bocconi University and CEPR, [email protected] ii Zvi Eckstein, IDC Herzliya, Tel Aviv University and CEPR, [email protected] iii Anat Vaturi, Haifa University, [email protected]. Abstract: The paper documents the growth of the Jewish and non-Jewish populations in the regions of Germany-Austria (GA) and Poland-Lithuania (PL) from 1500 to 1930. Although borders changed considerably, we attempt to maintain comparability throughout the period. We summarize evidence that a large proportion of the Jewish population in PL originated from GA and find no significant evidence for the immigration of Khazars or any other Jewish group from the East. While the proportion of Jews in the total population of PL was only 0.13% in 1500, this figure reached more than 17% by 1880 and the Jewish population in PL constituted more than 75% of the global Jewish population in that year.
    [Show full text]
  • Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society. from the Middle
    Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society Polen: Kultur – Geschichte – Gesellschaft Poland: Culture – History – Society Herausgegeben von / Edited by Yvonne Kleinmann Band 3 / Volume 3 Imaginations and Configurations of Polish Society From the Middle Ages through the Twentieth Century Edited by Yvonne Kleinmann, Jürgen Heyde, Dietlind Hüchtker, Dobrochna Kałwa, Joanna Nalewajko-Kulikov, Katrin Steffen and Tomasz Wiślicz WALLSTEIN VERLAG Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Deutsch-Polnischen Wissenschafts- stiftung (DPWS) und der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Emmy Noether- Programm, Geschäftszeichen KL 2201/1-1). Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2017 www.wallstein-verlag.de Vom Verlag gesetzt aus der Garamond und der Frutiger Umschlaggestaltung: Susanne Gerhards, Düsseldorf © SG-Image unter Verwendung einer Fotografie (Y. Kleinmann) von »Staffel«, Nationalstadion Warschau Lithografie: SchwabScantechnik, Göttingen ISBN (Print) 978-3-8353-1904-2 ISBN (E-Book, pdf) 978-3-8353-2999-7 Contents Acknowledgements . IX Note on Transliteration und Geographical Names . X Yvonne Kleinmann Introductory Remarks . XI An Essay on Polish History Moshe Rosman How Polish Is Polish History? . 19 1. Political Rule and Medieval Society in the Polish Lands: An Anthropologically Inspired Revision Jürgen Heyde Introduction to the Medieval Section . 37 Stanisław Rosik The »Baptism of Poland«: Power, Institution and Theology in the Shaping of Monarchy and Society from the Tenth through Twelfth Centuries . 46 Urszula Sowina Spaces of Communication: Patterns in Polish Towns at the Turn of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Times . 54 Iurii Zazuliak Ius Ruthenicale in Late Medieval Galicia: Critical Reconsiderations .
    [Show full text]
  • Silver Pfennigs and Small Silver Coins of Europe in the Middle Ages
    Silver Pfennigs and Small Silver Coins of Europe in the Middle Ages David P. Ruckser and Lincon Rodrigues AUSTRIA *In the section entitled “AUSTRIA” are included coins from Vienna, Vienna Neustadt , Krems, some non-ecclesiatic Friesach and Enns mints.... Especially the “Wiener Pfennigs”. Other issues are listed under the various cities , bishoprics or provinces. The March of Austria was first formed in 976 out of the lands that had once been the March of Pannonia in Carolingian times. In 1156, the Privilegium Minus elevated the march to a Duchy independent of the Duchy of Bavaria. LEOPOLD I - 976-994 Leopold I, also Luitpold or Liutpold (died 994) was the first Margrave of Austria from the Babenberg dynasty. Leopold was a count in the Bavarian Danube district and first appears in documents from the 960s as a faithful follower of Emperor Otto I the Great. After the insurgence by Henry II the Wrangler of Bavaria in 976 against Emperor Otto II, he was appointed as "margrave in the East", the core territory of modern Austria, instead of a Burkhard. His residence was proba- bly at Pöchlarn, but maybe already Melk, where his successors resided. The territory, which originally had only coincided with the modern Wachau, was enlarged in the east at least as far as the Wienerwald. He died at Würzburg. The millennial anniversary of his appointment as margrave was celebrated as Thousand years of Austria in 1976. Celebrations under the same title were held twenty years later at the anniversary of the famous Ostarrîchi document first mentioning the Old German name of Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Articles Are Not Cited, Are Available Upon Request from Rahimzadeh, F., Tagipour, A., Rupa Kumar, K., Revadekar, J., Marcin Koprowski ([email protected])
    Clim. Past, 16, 627–661, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-627-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Droughts in the area of Poland in recent centuries in the light of multi-proxy data Rajmund Przybylak1,6, Piotr Olinski´ 2,6, Marcin Koprowski3,6, Janusz Filipiak4, Aleksandra Pospieszynska´ 1,6, Waldemar Chor ˛azyczewski˙ 2,6, Radosław Puchałka3,6, and Henryk Paweł D ˛abrowski5 1Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun,´ Poland 2Department of Medieval History, Institute of History and Archival Sciences, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun,´ Poland 3Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun,´ Poland 4Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk,´ Gdansk,´ Poland 5Dendroarchaeological Laboratory, Archaeological Museum in Biskupin, Biskupin, Poland 6Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun,´ Poland Correspondence: Rajmund Przybylak ([email protected]) Received: 27 May 2019 – Discussion started: 11 June 2019 Revised: 30 January 2020 – Accepted: 31 January 2020 – Published: 1 April 2020 Abstract. The history of drought occurrence in Poland criteria used were those proposed by McKee et al. (1993) and in the last millennium is poorly known. To improve this modified for the climate conditions of Poland by Łab˛edzki knowledge we have conducted a comprehensive analysis us- (2007). ing both proxy data (documentary and dendrochronological) More than 100 droughts were found in documen- and instrumental measurements of precipitation. The paper tary sources in the period 1451–1800, including 17 presents the main features of droughts in Poland in recent megadroughts.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconsidering the Origins of Portraiture: Instead of an Introduction
    Reconsidering the origins of portraiture: instead of an introduction Mateusz Grzęda and Marek Walczak Figure 1 Martin Kober, Portrait of Anne Jagiellon, Queen of Poland and grand duchess of Lithuania, 1576, King Sigismund Chapel, Cracow Cathedral, photo: Wikimedia Commons In 1586, Anne Jagiellon, queen regnant of Poland and grand duchess of Lithuania, the last Polish ruler of the Jagiellon dynasty, sent her portrait in coronation robes from Warsaw to Cracow Cathedral (fig. 1). The portrait was painted shortly after the coronation ceremony and her marriage to Stephen Bathory in the Cracow Cathedral (1st May 1576) and shows the queen full-length, wearing a crown and holding a sceptre and orb in her hands. Anne is presented here in the full splendour of her royal status: she wears a white dress adorned with bands of golden embroidery with jewels sewn in, and around her neck are a costly pendant and chains made of gold and pearls. The queen’s presence, however, is underscored not only through the rendering of the coronation insignia and an emphasis on rich clothing but also through the faithfully depicted countenance that reveals the austere features of her actual appearance. Although the portrait was undoubtedly created with Journal of Art Historiography Number 17 December 2017 Grzęda and Walczak Reconsidering the origins of portraiture: instead of an introduction representational purposes, in Cracow its function had been changed. According to the queen’s instructions, the portrait was to be complemented on site with her coats of arms and an inscription signalling the identity of the sitter and the dignities held by her, and subsequently installed in the Jagiellons’ chantry chapel, ‘on the side of the altar where we used to kneel down, as this seems to us to be the best place for this purpose’.
    [Show full text]
  • Mikhail Kizilov the Sons of Scripture the Karaites in Poland and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century
    Mikhail Kizilov The Sons of Scripture The Karaites in Poland and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century Mikhail Kizilov The Sons of Scripture The Karaites in Poland and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century Managing Editor: Katarzyna Tempczyk Language Editor: Wayne Smith Published by De Gruyter Open Ltd, Warsaw/Berlin Part of Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 license, which means that the text may be used for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. Copyright © 2015 Mikhail Kizilov ISBN: 978-3-11-042525-3 e-ISBN: 978-3-11-042526-0 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbi- bliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. Managing Editor: Katarzyna Tempczyk Language Editor: Wayne Smith www.degruyteropen.com Cover illustration: the inauguration of Seraja Szapszał to the office of the head of the Polish- Lithuanian Karaites on 11.09.1928. Sitting (from left to right): Halicz ḥazzan I. Abrahamowicz, ḥakham S. Szapszał, Polish linguist T. Kowalski, Troki ḥazzan Sz. Firkowicz, and Wilno ḥazzan J. Łobanos. Standing: important members of the Karaite community (Z. Nowachowicz is second from the left). The photo was published in the periodical “Myśl Karaimska” in 1929. Contents List of Abbreviations XI Foreword XIV
    [Show full text]
  • Estonia 15 Since the End of the Cold War the Issue of Human Rights Has Finland 17 Unquestionably Come Into Increased Global Prominence
    MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF BELARUS The Most Resonant Human Rights Violations in Certain Countries 20 13 List of Acronyms of International Human Rights Instruments ICCPR—International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR—International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ICERD — International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination CEDAW—Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women CRC— Convention on the Rights of the Child CRPD – Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities CAT— Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment OPSC – Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography The Most Resonant Human Rights Violations in Certain Countries – 2013 FOREWORD INDEX This is the second report on the most resonant human rights Austria 4 violations in certain countries issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It was written on the basis of various sources, like the Belgium 7 results of Human Rights Council’s UPRs, observations of the Bulgaria 9 HRC’s special thematic procedures and the UN treaty bodies, information of international, regional, and national Canada 11 governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as Czech Republic 13 data collected from open sources by the diplomatic missions of Belarus. Estonia 15 Since the end of the Cold War the issue of human rights has Finland 17 unquestionably come into increased global prominence. What is more, the international community has in recent years elevated France 19 human rights to the level of importance at the United Nations Germany 22 that only the issues of peace, security and development heretofore enjoyed.
    [Show full text]