February 2021 River Flooding
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Chapter 4 Waccamaw Subbasin Part of Hydrologic Unit Code: 03040206
Chapter 4 Waccamaw Subbasin Part of Hydrologic Unit Code: 03040206 General Description Watershed at a Glance This subbasin contains some of the most unique environments in the state. COUNTIES Lake Waccamaw, the largest Carolina bay lake and the second largest Bladen, Brunswick, Columbus natural lake in the state, can be found here (Figure 4-1). The lake contains three species of endemic fish and four species of endemic mollusk as well MUNICIPALITIES as many other rare species. The eastern and southern shore of the lake Bolton, Brunswick, Calabash, Carolina Shores, Chadbourn, have been protected by the Lake Waccamaw State Park since 1976. Lake Clarkton, Lake Waccamaw, Waccamaw has been designated as an ORW and all waters draining to it are Shallotte, Tabor City, Whiteville part of the ORW management strategy area [15 NCAC 02B.0225 (c) (10)]. A portion of the Green Swamp, a large natural pine wetlands preserve with PERMITTED FACILITIES many carnivorous plants, is partially located in this subbasin. NPDES Wastewater Discharge Major: 3 Minor: 8 Current Status and Significant Issues NPDES Nondischarge: 3 All of the waters in the subbasin are supplementally classified as Swamp NPDES Stormwater Waters. Swamp waters have lower pH and dissolved oxygen standards General: 18 State: 21 than other waterbodies. In addition to the chemical/physical differences, Animal Operations: 64 swamp waters are also evaluated for biological communities using modified criteria. For more information on swamp water standards visit AQUATIC LIFE SUMMARY the Classification and Standards Unit website athttp://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ Monitored: 95 Miles csu/index.html. 8966Acres Total Supporting: 92 Miles The portion of the subbasin east of the Waccamaw River and south of Juniper 8840 Acres Swamp will now be subject to new coastal stormwater rules because it is in Brunswick County. -
Bucksport Marine Park Master Plan Report
BUCKSPORT MARINE PARK MASTER PLAN REPORT Prepared for: Moncks Corner, South Carolina & Conway, South Carolina Prepared by: 4975 Lacrosse Road, Suite 151 North Charleston, SC 29406 (843) 576-3750 May 24, 2012 Bucksport Marine Park Contents Master Plan Report BUCKSPORT MARINE PARK MASTER PLAN REPORT BUCKSPORT, SOUTH CAROLINA CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of Study 1 1.2 Client Goals 1 2.0 SITE INVENTORY 3 2.1 Study Area Location and General Description 3 2.2 Study Area Planning Considerations 3 2.2.1 Jurisdiction Patterns 3 2.2.2 Existing Zoning 4 2.2.3 Existing Land Use Patterns 5 2.2.4 Proposed Land Use Patterns 6 2.3 Study Area Physical Characteristics 6 2.3.1 Existing Vegetation & Geology 6 2.3.2 Archaeological & Historical Influences 7 2.3.3 Roadway Site Access & Transportation Issues 7 2.3.4 Site Marine Access 9 2.3.5 Existing Site Drainage 11 2.3.6 Jurisdictional Wetlands 12 2.3.7 Potential Developable Land 12 2.3.8 Existing Utility Infrastructure 12 3.0 MASTER PLAN 14 3.1 Market Demand 14 3.2 Development Strategy 14 3.3 Site Development 14 3.3.1 Stormwater 16 3.3.2 Utilities 17 3.3.3 Marine Facilities 18 3.3.4 Dredging & Pond Excavation 19 May 24, 2012 i Bucksport Marine Park Contents Master Plan Report APPENDICES Appendix A Proposed Site Plan (11x17) Appendix B USACE Wetlands Delineation Letter FIGURES Figure 1.1 Aerial View of Proposed Bucksport Marine Park Site 2 Figure 2.1 Vicinity Map 4 Figure 2.2 Conceptual Alignment of Proposed New Road 9 Figure 2.3 Site Marine Access Routes to the Atlantic Ocean 10 Figure 2.4 Existing Site Drainage 11 Figure 2.5 Water and Sanitary Sewer Service 13 Figure 3.1 Proposed Site Plan 15 Figure 3.2 Proposed Marine Facilities 16 May 24, 2012 ii Bucksport Marine Park Introduction Master Plan Report 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF STUDY The purpose of this master plan report is to provide a clear conceptualized plan for the development of the Bucksport Marine Park facility. -
The People of the Falling Star
Patricia Lerch. Waccamaw Legacy: Contemporary Indians Fight for Survival. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2004. xvi + 168 pp. $57.50, cloth, ISBN 978-0-8173-1417-0. Reviewed by Thomas E. Ross Published on H-AmIndian (March, 2007) Patricia Lerch has devoted more than two presents rational assumptions about the Wacca‐ decades to the study of the Waccamaw Siouan, a maw tribe's links to colonial Indians of southeast‐ non-federally recognized Indian tribe (the tribe is ern North Carolina and the Cape Fear River recognized by the State of North Carolina) living drainage basin. in southeastern North Carolina. Her book is the She has no reservations about accepting the first volume devoted to the Waccamaw. It con‐ notion that Indians living in the region were re‐ tains nine chapters and includes sixteen photo‐ ferred to as Waccamaw, Cape Fear Indians, and graphs, fourteen of which portray the Waccamaw Woccon. Whatever the name of Indians living in during the period from 1949 to the present. The the Cape Fear region during the colonial period, first four chapters provide background material they had to react to the European advance. In on several different Indian groups in southeast‐ some instances, the Indians responded to violence ern North Carolina and northeastern South Car‐ with violence, and to diplomacy and trade with olina, and are not specific to the Waccamaw Indi‐ peace treaties; they even took an active role in the ans. Nevertheless, they are important in setting Indian Wars and the enslavement of Africans. The the stage for the chapters that follow and for pro‐ records, however, do no detail what eventually viding a broad, historical overview of the Wacca‐ happened to the Indians of the Cape Fear. -
Natural Vegetation of the Carolinas: Classification and Description of Plant Communities of the Lumber (Little Pee Dee) and Waccamaw Rivers
Natural vegetation of the Carolinas: Classification and Description of Plant Communities of the Lumber (Little Pee Dee) and Waccamaw Rivers A report prepared for the Ecosystem Enhancement Program, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources in partial fulfillments of contract D07042. By M. Forbes Boyle, Robert K. Peet, Thomas R. Wentworth, Michael P. Schafale, and Michael Lee Carolina Vegetation Survey Curriculum in Ecology, CB#3275 University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599‐3275 Version 1. May 19, 2009 1 INTRODUCTION The riverine and associated vegetation of the Waccamaw, Lumber, and Little Pee Rivers of North and South Carolina are ecologically significant and floristically unique components of the southeastern Atlantic Coastal Plain. Stretching from northern Scotland County, NC to western Brunswick County, NC, the Lumber and northern Waccamaw Rivers influence a vast amount of landscape in the southeastern corner of NC. Not far south across the interstate border, the Lumber River meets the Little Pee Dee River, influencing a large portion of western Horry County and southern Marion County, SC before flowing into the Great Pee Dee River. The Waccamaw River, an oddity among Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers in that its significant flow direction is southwest rather that southeast, influences a significant portion of the eastern Horry and eastern Georgetown Counties, SC before draining into Winyah Bay along with the Great Pee Dee and several other SC blackwater rivers. The Waccamaw River originates from Lake Waccamaw in Columbus County, NC and flows ~225 km parallel to the ocean before abrubtly turning southeast in Georgetown County, SC and dumping into Winyah Bay. -
Chapter 8: Transportation - 1 Unincorporated Horry County
INTRODUCTION Transportation plays a critical role in people’s daily routine and representation from each of the three counties, municipalities, addresses a minimum of a 20-year planning horizon and includes quality of life. It also plays a significant role in economic COAST RTA, SCDOT, and WRCOG. GSATS agencies analyze the both long- and short-range strategies and actions that lead to the development and public safety. Because transportation projects short- and long-range transportation needs of the region and offer development of an integrated, intermodal transportation system often involve local, state, and often federal coordination for a public forum for transportation decision making. that facilitates the efficient movement of people and goods. The funding, construction standards, and to meet regulatory Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP) is a 5 year capital projects guidelines, projects are identified many years and sometimes plan adopted by the GSATS and by SCDOT. The local TIP also decades prior to the actual construction of a new facility or includes a 3 year estimate of transit capital and maintenance improvement. Coordinating transportation projects with future requirements. The projects within the TIP are derived from the MTP. growth is a necessity. The Waccamaw Regional Council of Governments (WRCOG) not The Transportation Element provides an analysis of transportation only assists in managing GSATS, but it also helps SCDOT with systems serving Horry County including existing roads, planned or transportation planning outside of the boundaries of the MPO for proposed major road improvements and new road construction, Horry, Georgetown, and Williamsburg counties. SCDOT partnered existing transit projects, existing and proposed bicycle and with WRCOG to develop the Rural Long-Range Transportation Plan pedestrian facilities. -
Native Americans in the Cape Fear, by Dr. Jan Davidson
Native Americans in the Cape Fear, By Dr. Jan Davidson Archaeologists believe that Native Americans have lived in what is now the state of North Carolina for more than 13,000 years. These first inhabitants, now called Paleo-Indians by experts, were likely descended from people who came over a then-existing land bridge from Asia.1 Evidence had been found at Town Creek Mound that suggests Indians lived there as early as 11000 B.C.E. Work at another major North Carolinian Paleo-Indian where Indian artifacts have been found in layers of the soil, puts Native Americans on that land before 8000 B.C.E. That site, in North Carolina’s Uwharrie Mountains, near Badin, became an important source of stone that Paleo and Archaic period Indians made into tools such as spears.2 It is harder to know when the first people arrived in the lower Cape Fear. The coastal archaeological record is not as rich as it is in some other regions. In the Paleo-Indian period around 12000 B.C.E., the coast was about 60 miles further out to sea than it is today. So land where Indians might have lived is buried under water. Furthermore, the coastal Cape Fear region’s sandy soils don’t provide a lot of stone for making tools, and stone implements are one of the major ways that archeologists have to trace and track where and when Indians lived before 2000 B.C.E.3 These challenges may help explain why no one has yet found any definitive evidence that Indians were in New Hanover County before 8000 B.C.E.4 We may never know if there were indigenous people here before the Archaic period began in approximately 8000 B.C.E. -
Historic Rainfall and Record-Breaking Flooding from Hurricane Florence in the Pee Dee Watershed
Journal of South Carolina Water Resources, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 28–35, 2019 Historic Rainfall and Record-Breaking Flooding from Hurricane Florence in the Pee Dee Watershed MELISSA GRIFFIN1, MARK MALSICK1, HOPE MIZZELL1, AND LEAH MOORE1 AUTHORS: 1SC State Climatology Office, SC Department of Natural Resources, 1000 Assembly Street Columbia, SC 29201 . KEYWORDS: Florence, flooding, average return intervals, rainfall, ARI . With the advancements of software packages and data visualization, much of the analysis and information on the impact and historical perspective of the rainfall from Tropical Storm Florence included in our online ERSI Story Map is not viable to translate into the print format standards required by many publications. However, with the newly enacted Journal of South Carolina Resources policy, our article creates a precedent in how the Journal will address submittals that include subject matter available on the internet, by permanently archiving the information, and applying a structured peer-review process to the content. Abstract. For the third time in four years, record-breaking flooding occurred in South Carolina. Hurricane Florence, which made landfall near Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, on September 14, 2018, moved slowly across South Carolina from September 14–17, 2018. Over those four days, heavy rain fell over portions of the Pee Dee Watershed and eastern North Carolina, with over 30 inches of rain measured by an observer in Swansboro, North Carolina. Most of the excessive rainfall was confined to the Pee Dee region, with reported totals of over 24 inches in Horry County, while closer to the Savannah River Valley observers measured less than an inch of rain. -
The Emergence of the Gullah: Thriving Through 'Them Dark Days'
John Carroll University Carroll Collected Masters Essays Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects Summer 2015 The meE rgence of the Gullah: Thriving Through ‘Them Dark Days’ Brian Coxe John Carroll University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://collected.jcu.edu/mastersessays Part of the African History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Coxe, Brian, "The meE rgence of the Gullah: Thriving Through ‘Them Dark Days’" (2015). Masters Essays. 19. http://collected.jcu.edu/mastersessays/19 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects at Carroll Collected. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Essays by an authorized administrator of Carroll Collected. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Emergence of the Gullah: Thriving Through ‘Them Dark Days’ An Essay Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies College of Arts & Sciences of John Carroll University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By Brian Coxe 2015 Spanish moss clings to the branches of oak trees south of the sand hills which run the width of South Carolina from Aiken to Chesterfield County separating what is known as the “Up” and the “Low” Country of this region. The geographic barrier of the Sandhills created two distinct regions with vastly different climates. The Low Country’s sub tropical climate left it nearly uninhabitable in many places due to malarial swamps, with Charleston as the exception. The city of Charleston became a major commercial hub and one of the most populated cities in America during the antebellum era. -
Little Pee Dee-Lumber Focus Area Conservation Plan
Little Pee Dee-Lumber Focus Area Conservation Plan South Carolina Department of Natural Resources February 2017 Little Pee Dee-Lumber Focus Area Conservation Plan Prepared by Lorianne Riggin and Bob Perry1, and Dr. Scott Howard2 February 2017 Acknowledgements The preparers thank the following South Carolina Department of Natural Resources staff for their special expertise and contributions toward the completion of this report: Heritage Trust data base manager Julie Holling; GIS applications manager Tyler Brown for mapping and listing of protected properties; archeologist Sean Taylor for information on cultural resources; fisheries biologists Kevin Kubach, Jason Marsik, and Robert Stroud for information regarding aquatic resources; hydrologist Andy Wachob for information on hydrologic resources; and wildlife biologists James Fowler, Dean Harrigal, Sam Stokes, Jr. and Amy Tegler for information regarding wildlife resources. 1 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Office of Environmental Programs. 2 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey. i Little Pee Dee-Lumber Focus Area Conservation Plan The goal of this conservation plan is to provide science-based guidance for future decisions to protect natural resource, riparian corridors and traditional landscape uses such as fish and wildlife management, hunting, fishing, agriculture and forestry. Such planning is valuable in the context of protecting Waters of the United States in accordance with the Clean Water Act, particularly when the interests of economic development and protection of natural and cultural resources collide. Such planning is vital in the absence of specific watershed planning. As additional information is gathered by the focus area partners, and as further landscape-scale conservation goals are achieved, this plan will be updated accordingly. -
Waccamaw River Blue Trail
ABOUT THE WACCAMAW RIVER BLUE TRAIL The Waccamaw River Blue Trail extends the entire length of the river in North and South Carolina. Beginning near Lake Waccamaw, a permanently inundated Carolina Bay, the river meanders through the Waccamaw River Heritage Preserve, City of Conway, and Waccamaw National Wildlife Refuge before merging with the Intracoastal Waterway where it passes historic rice fields, Brookgreen Gardens, Sandy Island, and ends at Winyah Bay near Georgetown. Over 140 miles of river invite the paddler to explore its unique natural, historical and cultural features. Its black waters, cypress swamps and tidal marshes are home to many rare species of plants and animals. The river is also steeped in history with Native American settlements, Civil War sites, rice and indigo plantations, which highlight the Gullah-Geechee culture, as well as many historic homes, churches, shops, and remnants of industries that were once served by steamships. To protect this important natural resource, American Rivers, Waccamaw RIVERKEEPER®, and many local partners worked together to establish the Waccamaw River Blue Trail, providing greater access to the river and its recreation opportunities. A Blue Trail is a river adopted by a local community that is dedicated to improving family-friendly recreation such as fishing, boating, and wildlife watching and to conserving riverside land and water resources. Just as hiking trails are designed to help people explore the land, Blue Trails help people discover their rivers. They help communities improve recreation and tourism, benefit local businesses and the economy, and protect river health for the benefit of people, wildlife, and future generations. -
Waccamaw National Wildlife Refuge Climate Change Impacts
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Waccamaw National Wildlife Refuge Climate Change Impacts Located in portions of Horry, Georgetown, and Marion County, South Carolina, Waccamaw National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) is South Carolina’s newest Wildlife Refuge. Waccamaw NWR was established Photo by USFWSby Photo on December 1, 1997 after completing a two-year environmental impact statement. The refuge acquisition boundary spans over 55,000 acres and includes large sections of freshwater tidal wetlands associated with the Waccamaw and Great Pee Dee Rivers and a smaller section along the Little Pee Dee River. The Refuge currently manages approximately 23,000 acres which translates to 34 square miles of floodplain wetlands. In addition to refuge lands, there are an additional 13,500 acres of land permanently owned and protected by either the state or through private easements within the Refuge Waccamaw River Acquisition Boundary. The wetland diversity within the Refuge is significant and includes some of the most diverse freshwater wetland systems in the world. Because of the proximity of these wetlands to the Winyah Bay Estuary, these systems are heavily influenced by daily tides and they Photo by USFWSby Photo serve an important role in providing essential ecological functions that sustain this estuary. Signature wildlife species throughout the refuge include wood storks, osprey, black bear, and swallow-tailed kites. Kites have made Waccamaw NWR their northernmost nesting area within their range. Recently Waccamaw NWR developed a Strategic Habitat Plan for swallow-tailed kites that is focused on understanding the relationship between conservation lands in and Swallow-tailed kite around the Refuge as well as adjoining unprotected private lands which are also important to kite nest productivity. -
Watershed Conditions: Pee Dee River Basin
WATERSHED CONDITIONS: PEE DEE RIVER BASIN Broad Upper Savannah Lynches SANTEE Pee Dee Catawba- Saluda Wateree Little SA Pee Dee V ANN Congaree PEE DEE Waccamaw Black AH Santee Lower Edisto Savannah ACE Ashley- VIRGINI A Cooper Combahee- Coosawhatchie NO RT H C A R OLI NA Pee Dee Santee basin basin SOUTH Savannah CA RO LI NA basin ACE GEORGIA basin South Carolina Water Assessment 5-1 PEE DEE RIVER SUBBASIN Marion, and Cheraw saw population declines of 0.5 to 8.1 percent between 1990 and 2000. The 2005 per capita income in the subbasin counties ranged from a low of $20,005 in Williamsburg County to $30,399 in sixth-ranked Georgetown County. The 2005 per capita income in South Carolina averaged $28,285. Median household income for 1999 ranged from $28,205 in Williamsburg County to $35,312 in Georgetown County, all below the State median household income of $37,082. The 2000 annual-average employment of non- agricultural wage and salary workers in the subbasin’s counties was about 130,000. The distribution by type of employment included management, professional, and related, 26 percent; production, transportation, and materials moving, 25 percent; sales and office, 24 percent; service, 14 percent; and construction, extraction, and maintenance, 11 percent. PEE DEE RIVER SUBBASIN In the sectors of manufacturing, mining, and public utilities, the combined annual product value from the The Pee Dee River subbasin extends from the North subbasin counties exceeded $8 billion in 1997. Major Carolina border southeast to Winyah Bay and encompasses employers in those counties included Sonoco Products, parts of eight South Carolina counties, including most Wellman Incorporated, and Galey and Lord.