DOCSLIB.ORG

Download File

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download File Research report Rapid Appraisal of Vulnerabilities, Resilience, Coping Mechanisms and Service Delivery Gaps for Children In Hebron Governorate, State of Palestine November 2019 Research report Rapid Appraisal of Vulnerabilities, Resilience, Coping Mechanisms and Service Delivery Gaps for Children In Hebron Governorate, State of Palestine UNICEF-SoP/2018/Ahed Izhiman November 2019 Disclaimer This is a product of professional research and represents the opinions of the authors. It is not meant to represent the position or opinions of the Child Protection AoR or its Members, nor the official position of any staff members. Executive Summary The Child Protection Area of Responsibility (AoR) commissioned a rapid appraisal to better understand the different protection risks and vulnerabilities experienced by boys, girls and women, impact on realizing their rights, how these vulnerabilities can be reduced, and the coping and resilience mechanisms of children and families in Hebron. The appraisal aimed to identify available protective factors, interventions, services and responses currently offered and to provide some knowledge of where the main information and child protection gaps are, and to develop a coherent set of priorities for strengthening the current responses and identify programmatic areas of priority. The findings are to be used to inform the development of an action plan for a coordinated response to the main protection gaps. The study was conducted between April 2018 and April 2019 and focused on four areas in Hebron governorate that have experienced high levels of conflict with settlers and Israeli Security Forces (ISF) and high levels of vulnerability, namely: Hebron H2, Arroub refugee camp, Beit Ummar and Masafer Yatta (in South Hebron hills). Qualitative data collection methods were used to gather information. Information was collected from 158 children, 64 caregivers/parents and 61 key informants from different sectors including Palestinian and Israeli NGOs, humanitarian organisations and the Palestinian and Israeli authorities. Risk and protective factors In Hebron governorate incidences of children arrested and detained by Israeli Security Forces (ISF) appear high. For these children it is possible that the impact of their arrest and detention may be traumatic, and the perception that the arrest is unjust exposing children to further risks. The study identified key drivers/risk factors and protective factors for children in conflict with settlers and ISF. Risk factors include ISF practices, especially when children live close to a settlement or military structures; the wish for retaliation/ revenge in response to provocation, perceived abuse and humiliation by the ISF and settlers, media and social media, and peer pressure. Contributing factors which put the children more at risk than others included having to pass through hot spot areas on the way to and from school; schools not providing a protective or supportive environment; difficult domestic backgrounds; the lack of safe places to play; and sex and age of the child with adolescent boys aged 14 – 17 years being the most vulnerable to being in conflict with ISF. Preventive factors identified included the presence of protective parents in the children lives, protective presence and protective presence around schools. Children’s wish to avoid injury or arrest, access to safe playgrounds and extra- curricular activities and community promotion of non-violence are also preventive factors. - i - Experiences and needs of children who have been injured, arrested and detained The ill treatment of children during their arrest and detention was mentioned in each of the 6 in-depth interviews with former detainees and their families as well as CBOs. The main impacts of detention on children are psychological and educational: i) upon release, children tend to be angry, hopeless, frustrated and isolate themselves. They don’t trust anyone anymore. Changes in relationships with family members and particularly fathers were often mentioned; ii) former child detainees encounter many difficulties with education such as catching up on missed classes, accepting the need to repeat a class and lose an academic year, and lack of support from education staff. It is perceived that child ex-detainees which receive a sentence with jail time, a fine and/or conditional release, have limited prospects for the future. Physical consequences for detained children were cited with released children reportedly ill when returning home due to poor treatment in detention. Current responses to children directly and indirectly impacted by conflict with settlers and the ISF, services and gaps In all areas, the most commonly available services are human rights case documentation and access to recreational services. There is limited access to educational services or vocational training, and child protection services to provide case management and mental health support is the least common. It was beyond the scope of this study to collect information on the efficiency and reach of services provided, but discussions with service providers suggest that the reach of many services is very limited. The main services gaps and challenges identified are on several levels. First on the services providers working processes, there is a poor coordination amongst them and a lack of community-based contextualized responses and an insufficiency of the children’s safeguarding measures in CBOs providing services to children. Finally, we note an uncoordinated approach to services for children arrested, detained and released. Service provision gaps relate to the lack of capacity of MoSD to provide systematic child protection case management services; schools who are not consistently serving as places of safety and protection; the limited availability of remedial education and vocational training for child ex-detainees; and the lack of access to legal services during detention. Finally, there is a limited support for children’s caregivers and a lack of awareness of the impacts of long-term exposure to trauma and evidence-based responses. - ii - Recommendations 1. Design a common and/or complementary advocacy strategy to advocate for realization of children’s rights from duty-bearers. 2. Target adolescent boys (12 – 17 years) in “hot spot” areas of Hebron governorate with protective and preventive programmes. This can include design and maintenance of safe recreational spaces for children and safe spaces especially targeting adolescents, and ensure structured activities are in place. 3. Strengthen parents’ capacity to provide a protective presence for their children, and provide caregiver support especially to those with children in contact with ISF; 4. Support schools to serve as places of safety and protection for children. 5. Support to ensure ongoing protective presence around schools (see UN Hebron Strategy). 6. Strengthen the existing national case management system, including referral pathways, to systematically screen and respond to children affected by violence and arrests and detention, who require sustained interventions and support provided by multiple actors. 7. Ensure ex-detainee children, as well as those briefly detained, access child protection and MHPSS services including targeted PSS interventions, individual therapeutic counseling, and enrolment of child who has been in long-term detention or served a prison sentence in a structured reintegration/ rehabilitation programmes. 8. Provide awareness raising sessions on children’s rights when in detention. 9. Encourage greater engagement of service providers with communities to build trust. 10. Develop a centralised database on children injured, arrested and detained in Hebron governorate. This will be used to inform a multi-sectoral approach involving humanitarian actors and protection clusters to monitor, share, report and act on new protection concerns for children. - iii - UNICEF-SoP/2019/Noorani - iv - Table of Contents Acknowledgements 9 Acronyms 10 1 Introduction 11 2 Rapid appraisal methodology 13 3 Data on children injured, arrested or detained in Hebron Governorate 15 4 Risk and protective factors 16 4 1 Key drivers/risk factors 17 4 2 Key protective factors 25 5 Needs of children injured, arrested and detained 29 6 Current responses and service gaps 31 6 1 Geographic spread and range of services 31 6 2 Service gaps and challenges 32 7 Conclusions and Recommendations 36 Annex A: Additional Information on Data Collected 42 Annex B: Actor Mapping for Hebron Governorate Rapid Appraisal Study Areas 45 Endnotes 56 List of Boxes Box 1: Impact of the Occupation on Schools and Education 21 Box 2: Impact of exposure to settler and ISF violence on children 24 Box 3: Protective presence 26 Box 4: The case of Tuba school children escorted to school by ISF 27 Box 5: MoSD Index of Networking and Referrals 32 Box 6: Community Based Child protection Mechanisms (CBCPM) 40 Box 7: Comment on the development of the proposed Action Plan for Hebron governorate 41 - v - List of Figures Figure 1 : Source 2018 CAAC database, UNICEF .....................................................................15 Figure 1: Type and number of services for children in contact and conflict with settlers and ISF .............................................................................................31 List of Tables Table 1 Overview of Hebron Governorate and Study Areas ....................................................12 Table 2: Summary of Drivers/Risk Factors and Protective
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FINAL REPORT: Evaluation of the Local Governance and Infrastructure Program
    FINAL REPORT: Evaluation of the Local Governance and Infrastructure Program An evaluation of the effect of LGI's local government initiatives on institutional development and participatory governance Pablo Beramendi, Soomin Oh, Erik Wibbels July 24, 2018 AAID Research LabDATA at William & Mary Author Information Pablo Beramendi Professor of Political Science and DevLab@Duke Soomin Oh PhD Student and DevLab@Duke Erik Wibbels Professor of Political Science and DevLab@Duke The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be attributed to AidData or funders of AidData’s work, nor do they necessarily reflect the views of any of the many institutions or individuals acknowledged here. Citation Beramendi, P., Soomin, O, & Wibbels, E. (2018). LGI Final Report. Williamsburg, VA: AidData at William & Mary. Acknowledgments This evaluation was funded by USAID/West Bank and Gaza through a buy-in to a cooperative agreement (AID-OAA-A-12-00096) between USAID's Global Development Lab and AidData at the College of William and Mary under the Higher Education Solutions Network (HESN) Program. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Tayseer Edeas, Reem Jafari, and their colleagues at USAID/West Bank and Gaza, and of Manal Warrad, Safa Noreen, Samar Ala' El-Deen, and all of the excellent people at Jerusalem Media and Communication Centre. Contents 1 Executive Summary 1 1.1 Key Findings . .1 1.2 Policy Recommendations . .2 2 Introduction 3 3 Background 4 4 Research design 5 4.1 Matching . .6 4.1.1 Survey Design and Sampling . .8 4.1.2 World Bank/USAID LPGA Surveys .
    [Show full text]
  • Hebron Governorate
    Hebron Governorate: The Governorate of Hebron is located in the southern part of the West Bank. It is the largest Governorate in the West Bank in terms of size and population. Its area before the 1948 Nakba (disaster) was 2076 km2 while its current area is about 1060 km2. This means that Hebron has lost 51 % of its original size due to the events of Nakba. The population of the Governorate is now half million according to the estimates of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (2005). The population density of the Governorate is 500 individuals per km2. Hebron Governorate ARAB STUDIES SOCIETY - Land Research Center (LRC) - Jerusalem , Halhul - Main Road 1 Tele / fax : 02 - 2217239, P.O.Box :35 Email: [email protected] URL : www.Ircj.org The number of Palestinian communities in the Governorate is 145, the largest of which is the city of Hebron. It has a built up area of 79.8 km2 (about 7.5 % of the total area of the Governorate). The Governorate of Hebron contains many religious, historical and archeological sites, the most important of which are: the Ibrahimi mosque, the Tel Arumaida area of ancient Hebron which started in the Bronze age – 3500 BC- the biblical site of Mamreh where Abraham pitched his tent and dug a well after his journey from Mesopotamia in 1850 BC, Al Ma’mudiay spring (probable baptismal site of Saint John the Baptist in the village of Taffuh), Saint Philip’s spring in Halhul where Saint Philip baptized the Ethiopian eunuch. Hebron Governorate Israeli Settlements in Hebron Governorate There are 22 Israeli settlements in Hebron Governorate with a built up area of 3.7 km2 (about 0.4% of the total area of Hebron Governorate) as illustrated by the attached map.
    [Show full text]
  • Idhna City Profile
    Idhna City Profile Prepared by The Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem Funded by Spanish Cooperation Azahar program March 2007 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Table of Content Location and Physical Characteristics _________________________2 History___________________________________________________3 Demography and Population _________________________________4 Economy _________________________________________________5 Education ________________________________________________7 Health Status _____________________________________________9 Religious and Archaeological Sites ____________________________9 Institutions and Services ___________________________________10 Infrastructure and Natural Resources_________________________11 Agricultural Sector ________________________________________12 Impact of the Israeli Occupation ____________________________15 Development Plans and Projects _____________________________16 Locality Development Priorities and Needs_____________________16 1 Palestinian Localities Study Hebron Governorate Idhna City Profile Location and Physical Characteristics Idhna is a Palestinian city in Hebron Governorate located 15 km southwest of Hebron City in the southern part of the West Bank. Idhna is bordered by Tarqumiya city to the north, Taffuh village and Hebron city to the east, Al Kum villages to the south and the 1949 Armistice Line (the Green Line) to the west (See map 1). Map 1: Idhna location and borders According to Ministry of Local Authority classification, the municipal area of Idhna includes
    [Show full text]
  • 13-26 July 2021
    13-26 July 2021 Latest developments (after the reporting period) • On 28 July, Israeli forces shot and killed an 11-year-old Palestinian boy who was in a car with his father at the entrance of Beit Ummar (Hebron). According to the Israeli military, soldiers ordered a driver to stop and, after he failed to do so, they shot at the vehicle, reportedly aiming at the wheels. On 29 July, following protests at the funeral of the boy, during which Palestinians threw stones Israeli forces soldiers shot live ammunition, rubber bullets and tear gas canisters, shooting and killing one Palestinian. • On 27 July, Israeli forces shot and killed a 41-year-old Palestinian at the entrance of Beita (Nablus). According to the military, the man was walking towards the soldiers, holding an iron bar, and did not stop after they shot warning fire. No clashes were taking place at that time. Highlights from the reporting period • Two Palestinians, including a boy, died after being shot by Israeli forces during the reporting period. Israeli forces entered An Nabi Salih (Ramallah) to carry out an arrest operation, and when Palestinian residents threw stones at them, soldiers shot live ammunition and tear gas canisters. During this exchange of fire, Israeli forces shot and killed a 17-year-old boy, who, according to the military, was throwing stones and endangered the life of soldiers. According to Palestinian sources, he was shot in his back. On 26 July, a Palestinian died of wounds after being shot by Israeli forces on 14 May, in Sinjil (Ramallah), during clashes between Palestinians and Israeli forces.
    [Show full text]
  • Protection of Civilians
    U N I TOCHA E D Weekly N A Briefing T I O Notes:N S 29 November – 5 December 2006 N A T I O N S| 1 U N I E S OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS P.O. Box 38712, East Jerusalem, Phone: (+972) 2-582 9962 / 582 5853, Fax: (+972) 2-582 5841 [email protected], www.ochaopt.org Protection of Civilians – Weekly Briefing Notes 29 November – 5 December 2006 Of note this week − Significantly reduced Palestinian casualties compared to high numbers reported in previous weeks. Five Palestinians – including three children – were killed throughout the oPt and 20 Palestinians injured. Four Israelis and one international were also injured. In the Gaza Strip: − A fragile cease-fire agreed brokered on 26 November held for a second week despite infringements. Nine homemade rockets were fired by Palestinians towards southern Israel. One Palestinian was injured when IDF soldiers fired from the border fence and in another incident IDF soldiers fired machine guns at farmers working their land northeast of Gaza City although no injuries were reported. On another occasion, IDF patrol boats opened fire at local fishing boats off the coastline. − Five Palestinians were killed and four injured in Palestinian – Palestinian (internal) violence in the Gaza Strip including during armed family disputes (not counted in weekly casualty figures). In the West Bank: − Four Palestinians were killed and 19 others injured as a result of IDF operations and settler violence in Salfit, Hebron, Nablus, Qalqiliya, Tulkarm, and Ramallah governorates. Two of the Palestinian fatalities were children killed in the northern West Bank during clashes between the IDF and Palestinian stone throwers.
    [Show full text]
  • Protection of Civilians Weekly Report 13 – 19 February 2008 of Note This Week
    U N I T E D N A T I O N S N A T I O N S U N I E S OCHA Weekly Report: 13 – 19 February 2008 | 1 OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS P.O. Box 38712, East Jerusalem, Phone: (+972) 2-582 9962 / 582 5853, Fax: (+972) 2-582 5841 [email protected], www.ochaopt.org € Protection of Civilians Weekly Report 13 – 19 February 2008 Of note this week Gaza Strip: • The IDF killed eight Palestinians, including a 10-year-old boy, and injured 16 others, including one woman (Central Gaza, Rafah and Khan Younis). • The Egyptian authorities and Gaza police permitted 334 Palestinians who had been stranded in Egypt to return to the Gaza Strip through Salah Ed-Din gate on 18 February. However, about 150 people of various nationalities were not allowed to enter Egypt through Salah Ed-Din gate. • The IDF carried out three land levelling and excavation operations in the North Gaza and Rafah governorates. • 50 rockets and 15 mortars were fired at Israel. In addition, 16 mortars were fired at IDF soldiers inside the Gaza Strip. • The IDF carried out three air strikes, compared to 15 during the preceding week. • Palestinians farmers and exporters of carnation flowers demonstrated at Sufa crossing on 14 and 15 February to protest against being disallowed to export their products. West Bank: • One 56-year-old Palestinian man died of wounds sustained on 7 February during an IDF military operation in Qabatiya town. • The IDF injured nine Palestinians, including a journalist, two men in their 60s, one woman and a 17-year-old boy.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing a Community Safety Plan for Hebron
    Developing a Community Safety Plan for Hebron a centre for security, development and the rule of law Human Rights & Democracy Media Center “Shams” Hebron Governorate Developing a Community Safety Plan for Hebron a centre for security, development and the rule of law About DCAF Editorial Board The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Fareed A’mer Armed Forces (DCAF) promotes good governance Roland Friedrich and reform of the security sector. The Centre Peter Homel conducts research on good practices, encourages Fatima Itawi the development of appropriate norms at the Ibrahim Jaradat national and international levels, makes policy Regula Kaufmann recommendations and provides in-country advice Arnold Luethold and assistance programmes. DCAF’s partners Nicolas Masson include governments, parliaments, civil society, Omar Rahhal international organisations and the core security Haitham Al-Sharif and justice providers such as police, judiciary, Mayada Zeidani intelligence agencies, border security services and the military. Design and Layout DCAF has worked in the Palestinian Territories Wael Dwaik since 2005. It assists a wide range of Palestinian actors such as ministries, the Palestinian Legislative Council, civil society organisations Translation support and the media in their efforts to make Palestinian Yassin Al-Sayyed security sector governance democratic, transparent and accountable. Publisher About SHAMS Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) The Human Rights & Democracy Media Center Rue de Chantepoulet 11 (SHAMS) is an independent, non-profit, non- P.O. Box 1360 governmental organisation. It was established 1211 Geneva 1 in 2003 in Ramallah, Palestine, by a group of Switzerland Palestinian academics, teachers, journalists, lawyers and human rights activists.
    [Show full text]
  • Hebron Deir Samittarusa Kureise
    Wadi Rahhal Hindaza Al Jab'a Za'tara (Bethlehem) Al Beida Beit FalouhAl 'Asakira Khallet al Balluta Rakhme Khallet Sakariya Ath ThabraAbu Nujeim Jubbet adh Dhib Marah Ma'alla Harmala Al Fureidis Khirbet ad Deir Wadi an NisAl Ma'saraKhallet al Haddad Surif Khallet 'Afana Jurat ash Sham'a Khirbet ad Deir Al Halqum Umm Salamuna Tuqu' Safa Al Manshiya Khirbet al Mantara Marah RabahWadi Muhammad Khirbet Tuqu' Khirbet Jamrura Khirbet Mushrif Al 'Arrub CampBeit Fajjar Hitta Jala Beit Ummar Hamrush Al Maniya Shuyukh al 'Arrub Kharas Qila Nuba Kisan Ras al Jora 'Irqan Turad Beit Ula Al Baqqar Kuziba Shamaliyyat al Hawa Sa'ir Halhul Ash Shuyukh Tarqumiya Bir Musallam Beit Kahil Qafan al Khamis 'Arab ar Rashayida Khirbet al Hasaka Ras at Tawil Idhna Beit 'EinunAd Duwwara Al 'Azazima Al 'Uddeisa Jurun al Louz Wadi ar Rim Al Khamajat Ar Rawa'in Suba Taffuh Beit Maqdum Al KumAl Muwarraq As Samiya Hebron Deir SamitTarusa Kureise Bani Na'im Rafada Wadi 'Ubeid Beit 'Awwa Dura Ar Rawa'in Wadih At Tabaqa Qalqas As Sikka Tawas Fuqeiqis Al Hijra Khirbet Salama Birin Kharsa Zif Al Majd Turrama Al Fawwar Camp Marah al Baqqar Hadab al Fawwar Wadi as Sada Hureiz Deir al 'Asal at Tahta Al Heila Imreish Wadi ash Shajina Deir al 'Asal al Fauqa As Sura 'AbdaDeir Razih Ar Rihiya Beir ar Rush at TahtaIskeik Khirbet Bism Al Buweib Al 'Alaqa al Fauqa Biyar al 'Arus Ad Duweir Hadab al 'Alaqa Beit Mirsim Qinan an Najma Beit ar Rush al Fauqa Karma Beit 'Amra Khurisa Ar Rifa'iyya Juwai & Kafr Jul Khallet 'Arabi Yatta Khallet al MaiyyaAd Deirat Al Burj Wadi al Kilab Kurza Al Bira Abu Al Ghuzlan Umm Lasafa Khallet Salih Rabud Al Muntar Abu al 'Urqan Az Zuweidin I'zeiz Al Karmil An Najada Somara Qinan Jaber Adh Dhahiriya At Tuwani Khirbet Deir Shams Ma'in Khashem al Karem Khirbet Sarura Khirbet Shuweika Qawawis 'Anab al Kabir As Samu' Khirbet Asafi Maghayir al 'AbeedKhirbet al Maq'ura Khirbet Bir al 'Idd Khirbet al Fakheit Khirbet Tawil ash Shih Khirbet al Majaz Ar Ramadin Haribat an Nabi Khirbet Zanuta Imneizil Khirbet al Kharaba Khirbet ar Rahwa Khirbet Ghuwein al Fauqa 'Arab al Fureijat.
    [Show full text]
  • Khalil Tumar.Pdf
    Faculty of Graduate Studies Institute of Environmental and Water Studies M.Sc. Program in Water and Environmental Engineering M.SC. THESIS A STUDY ON THE AVAILABLE OPTIONS FOR MITIGATING WATER SCARCITY IN THE HEBRON DISTRICT, PALESTINE SUBMITTED BY: KHALIL TUMAR STUDENT NUMBER 1105479 SUPERVISOR DR. MAHER ABU-MADI This thesis was submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Masters in Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Graduate Studies at Birzeit University, Palestine. APRIL, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENT Summary………………………………………………………………………………. 5 6 .……………………………………………………………………………….. الخﻻصة Dedication ...………………………………………………………………………….. 7 Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………... 8 List of Abbreviations ...……………………………………………………………….. 9 List of Figures ………………………………………………………………………... 10 List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………. 11 Chapter One: Introduction……………………………………………………………. 12 1.1 Overview ………………………………………………….. 12 1.2 Statement of the Problem …………………………………. 13 1.3 Research Questions………………………………………... 14 1.4 Aim and Objectives……………………………………….. 14 1.5 Significance of the Study………………………………….. 14 1.6 Approach and Methodology………………………………. 15 1.7 Hypothesis..……………………………………………….. 15 1.8 Thesis Outline ..…………………………………………... 16 Chapter Two: The Study Area: The Hebron District……..…………………...……… 17 2.1 Location …………………… …………………………….. 17 2.2 Climate ……………………………………………………. 19 2.3 Temperature ……………………………...……………….. 19 2.4 Land Use ………………………....……………………….. 19 2.5 Demography ………………………………………………. 19 2.6 Water situation in
    [Show full text]
  • PDF | 2.75 MB | Chapter 4: the Spatial Dimensions of Poverty
    CHAPTER 4 4. The Spatial Dimensions of Poverty in the West Bank: Geography or Checkpoints? “Where is Spain? Before the checkpoint, or after the checkpoint?”41 Based on a series of maps using geo-referenced data, this chapter presents a powerful visual depiction of spatial disparities in economic outcomes in the West Bank, in the unique context of man- made internal barriers to mobility in addition to external movement restrictions. In this context, the analysis validates our findings on the determinants of poverty: areas characterized by high rates of poverty also tend to be areas with severe mobility restrictions, poor access to markets, high rates of unemployment, a dominance of low-wage sectors, and a reliance on increasingly scarce employment opportunities in Israel. The West Bank defies the stylized facts of economic geography: the economic heart of the West Bank, Ramallah, is a mid-sized city while its most populous city, Hebron, is its poorest. Hebron also faces harsh restrictions in mobility, within the city, the governorate and in its limited access to the rest of the West Bank. Internal mobility restrictions in the form of checkpoints have far-reaching economic implications: the presence of checkpoints is associated with higher transaction costs and uncertainty that manifest in increases in price differentials and unemployment rates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to measure the size of the distortions brought on by the internal checkpoints, which is found to be comparable to the transaction costs incurred when crossing the U.S.- Canada border. The „immobile‟ agricultural sector is particularly vulnerable.
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid Over Palestine
    Metula Majdal Shams Abil al-Qamh ! Neve Ativ Misgav Am Yuval Nimrod ! Al-Sanbariyya Kfar Gil'adi ZZ Ma'ayan Baruch ! MM Ein Qiniyye ! Dan Sanir Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid over Palestine Al-Sanbariyya DD Al-Manshiyya ! Dafna ! Mas'ada ! Al-Khisas Khan Al-Duwayr ¥ Huneen Al-Zuq Al-tahtani ! ! ! HaGoshrim Al Mansoura Margaliot Kiryat !Shmona al-Madahel G GLazGzaGza!G G G ! Al Khalsa Buq'ata Ethnic Cleansing and Population Transfer (1948 – present) G GBeGit GHil!GlelG Gal-'A!bisiyya Menara G G G G G G G Odem Qaytiyya Kfar Szold In order to establish exclusive Jewish-Israeli control, Israel has carried out a policy of population transfer. By fostering Jewish G G G!G SG dGe NG ehemia G AGl-NGa'iGmaG G G immigration and settlements, and forcibly displacing indigenous Palestinians, Israel has changed the demographic composition of the ¥ G G G G G G G !Al-Dawwara El-Rom G G G G G GAmG ir country. Today, 70% of Palestinians are refugees and internally displaced persons and approximately one half of the people are in exile G G GKfGar GB!lGumG G G G G G G SGalihiya abroad. None of them are allowed to return. L e b a n o n Shamir U N D ii s e n g a g e m e n tt O b s e rr v a tt ii o n F o rr c e s Al Buwayziyya! NeoG t MG oGrdGecGhaGi G ! G G G!G G G G Al-Hamra G GAl-GZawG iyGa G G ! Khiyam Al Walid Forcible transfer of Palestinians continues until today, mainly in the Southern District (Beersheba Region), the historical, coastal G G G G GAl-GMuGftskhara ! G G G G G G G Lehavot HaBashan Palestinian towns ("mixed towns") and in the occupied West Bank, in particular in the Israeli-prolaimed “greater Jerusalem”, the Jordan G G G G G G G Merom Golan Yiftah G G G G G G G Valley and the southern Hebron District.
    [Show full text]
  • Eco Otouris Sm and D Cultu Ural La Andscap Pe Con Nservat Tion
    I FACULTY OF ENGINEERING Ecotourism and Cultural Landscape Conservation “Bani Na’im Wilderness/Hebron” اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ و اﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﻬﺪ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲ "ﺑﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ- اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ" Submitted By: Nisreen Ajlouni (1075155) Supervisor: Dr. Samar Nazer This Thesis was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture from the Faculty of Enngineering at Birzeit University, Palestine. 2010- 2011 II Ecotourism and Cultural Landscape Conservation “Bani Na’im Wilderness/Hebron” Submitted by: Nisreen Ajlouni (1075155) This thesis was developed under the supervision of Dr. Samar Nazer, and has been approved by all members of the Examination Committee. Dr. Samar Nazer (Chairman of the Committee) ……………………………………. Dr. Ahmad Abu Hammad ……………………………………. (Member) Dr. Yazid Anani ……………………………………. (Member) Date of Defense: May 3, 2011 The author is solely responsible for the accuracy of the statements and interpretations contained in the publication. Such interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views of the Birzeit University. III Dedication To my parents, sisters and brothers, who are the best supporters ever …. To my friends and colleagues, who have encouraged me in so many ways…. To you all I dedicate this humble work…. IV Acknowledgement I owe thanks to many people for their support and encouragement along the whole journey of doing my thesis. Without their kind support, guidance, encouragement and assistance, I would not have been able to finish my thesis I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my thesis supervisor Dr. Samar Nazer for her guidance, encouragement, patience and critics. For her insightful and valued comments as well as her kindness during the whole process of doing my thesis.
    [Show full text]