Belfer Center Deepens Impact on Defense Policy in D.C. Ashton B
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Winter 2011–2012 www.belfercenter.org Belfer Center Deepens Impact on Defense Policy in D.C. Ashton B. Carter and Eric Rosenbach Get Senior Pentagon Posts Cyber Shield: Eric Rosenbach (left), former executive director for research at the Belfer Center, was appointed deputy DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE assistant secretary of defense for cyber policy on September 26, 2011. In this position, he leads efforts to improve Department of Defense capability to operate in cyberspace. Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs, is tasked with overseeing efforts to develop and install cyber-related policies, strategies, and plans. Commenting on Carter’s appointment, Securing the Nation: Ashton B. Carter (left) is sworn in as the 31st deputy secretary of defense by Jeh C. Johnson, Department of Defense general counsel, while Carter’s wife, Stephanie, holds the Bible. Belfer Center Director Graham Allison said, “As under secretary for acquisition, Ash has he Belfer Center is keeping up its impres- who lectures at the Kennedy School and is a been in the middle of the toughest calls about Tsive track record of sending Center affili- Belfer Center faculty affiliate. the future of the greatest military in the ates to take up senior positions in the federal world. With budgets shrinking, his challenges Ash has been in the middle of government. This fall, two Center veterans will be even more severe. But he’s the right were tapped for jobs that are among the most the toughest calls about the man for the right job at the right time.” challenging in the Department of Defense. future of the greatest military in Regarding Rosenbach, Allison said, “Eric Ashton B. Carter was sworn in on Octo- the world. [H]e’s the right man is a tremendous leader who brings extensive ber 6 as deputy secretary of defense, the sec- cybersecurity policy and technical experience for the right job at the right time. to his new job as DASD for cyber policy. At a ond highest-ranking official in the Pentagon. —Graham Allison Unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate time when our country’s cybersecurity chal- for the position, Carter had served since 2009 In his new role, Carter’s responsibilities lenges demand great leadership, Eric will be a as under secretary of defense for acquisition, include identifying and carrying out billions major asset to DoD and the national security technology and logistics. Previously, he was of dollars in defense cuts mandated by Con- community.” co-director of the Belfer Center’s Preventive gress in a budget deal agreed upon this sum- See page 6 for a Q&A with Ashton B. Carter. Defense Project and he was director of the mer to reduce the projected federal deficit. A listing of Belfer Center affiliates serving in Center from 1990–93. He is on leave from the Rosenbach, working within the Office of the government is on page 4. Belfer Center Board of Directors. In September, Eric Rosenbach, who See Inside . served as executive director for research in the Belfer Center from 2007 to 2010 and taught Papademos Named Prime Minister of Greece 2 cyber terrorism classes at Harvard Kennedy Area Scholars Brainstorm Technology Innovation 3 School, was appointed deputy assistant secre- Belfer Center Presence in the Capital 4 tary of defense for cyber policy. Rosenbach, a veteran Army intelligence officer who served First U.S.-Russia Joint Threat Assessment 5 on the staff of the Senate Select Committee Q&A with Ashton B. Carter 6 on Intelligence, was most recently in a senior Spotlight on James Schlesinger 7 position with Good Harbor Consulting, a leading consulting firm on cybersecurity and Fresh Ideas Essential to Security: Mowatt-Larssen 9 related issues founded by Richard Clarke— Impact of Palestinian Bid for Statehood 12 himself a former top White House official Diana Buttu on Palestinian bid. FROM THE DIRECTOR uring the Cold War, one of the Dsignal contributions of schol- ars at the Harvard Kennedy School was to encourage communication between Soviet and American scien- tists seeking to reduce the threat of a DEPARTMENT OF STATE nuclear Armageddon. The work of Paul Doty, John Holdren, and many others in the Belfer Center for Sci- ence and International Affairs was rightly acknowledged with the award of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 to the Pugwash Conferences. As we approach the 20th anniversary of the collapse of the Soviet Head of State: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (right) meets with the State Union on Christmas Day 1991, we can note with some satisfaction the Department’s International Security Advisory Board, which includes the Belfer Center’s Graham Allison and William Tobey (far end of table, left and right). ongoing role of the Belfer Center in addressing what Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama both called “the single largest threat to American national security.” This fall, former Kennedy School Associate Dean Robert Blackwill Two decades later, three strategic nuclear arsenals (Ukraine, Kazakh - and I co-chaired a new report examining why Russia still matters cru- stan, Belarus) have been zeroed out, 14,000 tactical nuclear weapons cially to the United States—especially with Vladimir Putin now poised (left in the 14 former Soviet republics) have been eliminated, and not to return to the presidency next year. This report was produced jointly a single nuclear weapon has been found loose in international arms by the Belfer Center and the Center for the National Interest in Wash- bazaars or another country. ington, with whom we have worked on U.S.-Russian relations for more than a decade. The Belfer Center is staying relevant and involved as It is with pride that we applaud Ash Carter as he begins work as the challenges shift from Cold War strategic nuclear deputy secretary of defense. President Obama chose him for this posi- weapons to . terrorist drones and dirty bombs. tion on the basis of his outstanding work as under secretary for acqui- sitions and logistics in the first two years of the Obama administration. This summer, specialists from the Belfer Center published the first- Other Belfer alumni with whom Ash will be working at the Defense ever joint threat assessment by U.S. and Russian experts on the threat Department include Under Secretary for Policy Michèle Flournoy, of nuclear terrorism. The report’s recommendations have been closely Deputy Under Secretary Jim Miller and now Eric Rosenbach, execu- studied in Washington and Moscow. This effort was led by senior fel- tive director for research from 2007 to 2010, who recently became low Rolf Mowatt-Larssen, Associate Professor Matt Bunn, senior fel- deputy assistant secretary of defense for cybersecurity. This is a field low Will Tobey, fellow Simon Saradzhyan, and Executive Director for where the Belfer Center is deepening its expertise thanks in part to Research Kevin Ryan, working with experts from the Institute for U.S. Venky Narayanamurti and Joe Nye, who are building up the new and Canadian Studies in Moscow. Explorations in International Cyber Relations project. Tobey, a former senior official in the National Nuclear Security In these ways, the Belfer Center is staying relevant and involved as Administration, is director of our U.S.-Russia Initiative to Prevent the challenges shift from Cold War strategic nuclear weapons to con- Nuclear Terrorism. That project is an important conduit for cooperation. tending with the threats of terrorist drones and dirty bombs. Belfer Faculty Member Lucas Papademos Named Prime Minister of Greece ucas Papademos, the Minos A. Zombanakis Professor at Harvard Papademos has taught courses on “Macroeconomic and Financial Pol- LKennedy School, has been named prime minister of Greece fol- icy in the Global Economy,” and “The Global Financial Crisis: Policy lowing the resignation of PM George Papandreou. Papademos will Responses and Challenges.” lead an interim government of national unity until elections in just Papademos was named Zombanakis Professor in April 2011. The over three months. professorship, which is based at the Belfer Center, was established last Papademos is a former vice-president of the European Central year with a $4 million endowment honoring Minos Zombanakis, a Bank and was governor of the Bank of Greece from 1994 to 2002. Harvard alumnus and member of the Belfer Center’s International “The course will not be easy,” Council. Zombanakis earned Harvard degrees in economics and public Papademos was quoted in news administration and has spent his career in banking. He is recognized for reports. “But the problems, I’m con- founding roles in the Euroloan markets, the syndicated loan market, vinced, will be solved. They will be and the creation of the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR. MARTHA STEWART solved faster, with a smaller cost and “I am very pleased to have a man of the stature of Lucas Papademos in an efficient way, if there is unity, as the first person to occupy the Zombanakis chair,” Zombanakis said agreement and prudence.” when the professorship was announced. “These are trying times for Papademos is a visiting professor international markets, and I’m hopeful that Professor Papademos’ at Harvard Kennedy School, a profes- research will help enhance the understanding of the global financial New Greek Prime Minister Lucas sor of economics at the University system and identify ways in which we might improve it.” Papademos (left) with Minos A. of Athens, and senior fellow at the Papademos addressed a dinner of the Belfer Center International Zombanakis, Belfer Center Center for Financial Studies, Goethe Council’s annual meeting in April, describing Europe’s economic crisis International Council member. University, Frankfurt. At Harvard, and the prospects for getting through it without severe damage. 2 Scholars Weigh Info-Tech Policy Challenges • How do you transform an invention into that triggered a lively discussion on the inter- an innovation that changes society? section of information and communications • Why does the transition to a new Internet technology and public policy/global eco- protocol amount to a “brain transplant?” nomic development.