STATEMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE & CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT
ASHFORD HALL Ashford-in-the-Water Derbyshire DE45 1QA
Local Planning Authority Peak District National Park Authority
Site centred at SK 20003 69760
Author Adam Bench - BA Dip Arch RIBA AABC
Checked by Raida Kassim-Bench
June 2018 Revision E Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA CONTENTS PAGE
01 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 1922 - 3RD EDITION OS MAP 28 1904 - ASHFORD HALL PLANS & SECTION 29 1910 - ASHFORD HALL DRAINAGE PLAN 30 02 - INTRODUCTION 5 1900 - ASHFORD HALL - COTTAGE PLAN 31 STUDY SCOPE 5 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 6
03 - GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 7 06 - PHOTOGRAPH OF ASHFORD HALL 32 GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION 7 EARLY SETTLEMENT / ANGLO-SAXON ASHFORD 8 07 - PHOTOGRAPH OF GARDENERS COTTAGE 34 04 - ARCHAEOLOGICAL & HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 9 07 - PHOTOGRAPH OF STABLES BLOCK 35 DEMESNE, MANOR, AND ECCLESIASTIC TITHES 9 1550 THE CAVENDISH ESTATE - FEOFFMENT, MOIETY AND GENTRIFICATION 10 09 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 37 1703-1720 JOSEPH ROTHERHAM 10 1721 - 1819 THE BARKER FAMILY 11 2017 SURVEY / EXISTING DRAWINGS 37 COMMERCIAL INTERESTS 12 COMMERCIAL INTERESTS 13 10 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS- ASHFORD HALL 38 JOHN BAKER & JOSEPH PICKFORD 14 1819 - 1938 THE DEVONSHIRE PERIOD 15 1938-2010 OLIVIER PERIOD 15 11 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS - GARDENERS COTTAGE 39 05 - CARTOGRAPHIC APPRAISAL 16 1616 - WILLIAM SENIOR - THORPE / SMITHE/ DEMAINES 16 12 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS- STABLES BLOCK 1756 - SAMUEL BRAILSFORD MAP 17 (COACH HOUSE) 40 1766 - ASHFORD & SHELDON TITHE MAP 18 1791 - BURDETT’S MAP OF DERBYSHIRE 19 1796 - HALL END IN ASHFORD - THOMAS BARKER 20 APPENDIX A - BIBLIOGRAPHY 41 1818 - R STALEY, SURVEYOR 21 1824 - GEORGE UNWIN MAP 22 APPENDIX B - LISTING DESCRIPTIONS 42 1824 - GEORGE UNWIN MAP - ANNOTATED PROPOSED ALTERATIONS 23 1847 - ASHFORD COMPLETE MAP 24 1848 - ASHFORD TITHE MAP 24 1857 - ASHFORD TITHE MAP REVISED BY E. CAMPBELL 25 1879 - 1ST EDITION OS MAP 26 1898 - 2ND EDITION OS MAP 27 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA AUTHORISATION
Job Title: Ashford Hall, DERBYSHIRE DE451QA
Reference: 17187
©Adam Bench Architects Ltd. 2018
Bench Architects have prepared this document in the course of an assignment for Peter Hunt (“the Client”), the conditions of which were set out in the appointment for services and agreed by the Client. Bench Architects shall not be responsible for the use of the drawings or contents for any purpose other than those for which it was prepared and provided. Should the Client require to pass copies of the report to other parties for information, the whole of the report should be so copied, but no liability shall be incurred or warranty extended by Bench Architects to any other parties in connection with the report without explicit written agreement thereto by Bench Architects.
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&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 3 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 01 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
JOHN BARKER’S - HALL END The Ashford Hall - Barker land ownership correlates 7KH\DUHVLJQL¿FDQWDVEHLQJWKHRQO\WKFHQWXU\OHDG SUMMARY with Edward Cheney’s Hall End plot2 which was business whose records, to a considerable degree, are constrained by the Turnpike - Churchdale Lane which extant. The Manor of Ashford and its Chapelry were exchanged ran along of southern and eastern curtilage, connecting $VKIRUG+DOOLVFXOWXUDOO\DQGDUFKLWHFWXUDOO\VLJQL¿FDQW and let on multiple occasions during the medieval Ashford village to Hassop and Great Longstone. because it is an important example of a c.1777 Country period. THE CAVENDISH ESTATE - THE House attributed to the leading Derbyshire architect The original c.1777 curtilage was tight and constrained ASHFORD HALL PARKLAND Joseph Pickford. From 1550 Sir William Cavendish, ancestor of the Duke comprising a Forecourt / Upper & Lower Yards / of Devonshire, was the proprietor and owner of Ashford Stabling / Fish Pond & Walled Garden / Pastures and a It was commissioned by the Barkers Family who Manor. small Plantation3. ZHUH HVSHFLDOO\ VLJQL¿FDQW LQ WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI WKH In 1816 Thomas Barker, the builder's son, died and in Derbyshire Lead Industry. The 1766 Ashford Tithe Map - illustrates the Ashford 1819 the heir - John Henry Barker - retired to Bakewell Hall plot (formerly Hall End) as being in the Ownership THE BARKER FAMILY - STEWARDS & and the Hall was sold to the 6th Duke of Devonshire Ashford Hall’s curtilage was originally tight and Edward Cheney. LEAD MERCHANTS (1790-1858) for £14,000 with 1,000 acres, who let it to constrained by patterns of 17th century land-ownership William Ashby Ashby (resident 1818 -1830), magistrate, and the limits of Churchdale Lane. The Construction Craven (1991) states - “The architect was almost and agent to the Duke of Devonshire. of the 5th Dukes Carriage Way and the 1819 certainly Joseph Pickford (1734-1782), working there The BARKER FAMILY’S wealth originated from the abandonment of Churchdale Lane enabled the Hall to c.1777. The Derby architect had encountered the Duke Derbyshire Lead Industry and prosperous stewardships Saunders (1993) notes “It was shortly after this that the be set in extensive parkland in which the River Wye was of Devonshire in the early 1760s, and worked almost to both the Duke of Rutland, at Haddon and Belvoir, south front windows were widened and deepened, and PRGL¿HGWRIRUPODNHVZLWKDGMDFHQWDUERUHDOSODQWLQJ exclusively for him in the later 1770s, dealing through and the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth. the entrance turned round to the west, which makes John Barker's second cousin Alexander Barker, of nonsense of Pickford's cool, elegant hall, with its Tower Edensor. The latter is clearly described in papers still These stewardships, dealing, amongst other things, of the Winds screen”. It is more likely that the windows at Chatsworth1 as 'at Ashford Hall', so it may be that he with the receipt of lot and cope payments (mineral were altered between 1857-1879. lived there until his death as tenant of the Duke who duties) to their respective employers, ensured that the later sold it to Alexander's Bakewell-based cousins who Barker family had detailed knowledge of the production The development of extensive Parkland along the River were hereditary agents to the Dukes of Rutland. and prospects of almost every mine in the Peak District, Wye was enabled by the abandonment of Churchdale and gave them the opportunity to lease smelting mills, Lane and the construction of the 5th Dukes Carriage Saunders (1993) attribution of Joseph Pickford as the and the right to smelt duty ores on favourable terms4. Way which following a 1810 Parliamentary Act became architect of Ashford Hall, rests on its similarities to other the 1817 Buxton to Ashford Turnpike. Pickford designs (St. Helen’s House - Derby); and on 7KH %DUNHUV DUH HVSHFLDOO\ VLJQL¿FDQW LQ WKDW WKHLU the ornamental detail. In particular, Saunders notes business spanned a transition from small-scale to large- The evolution of the Ashford Hall Parkland is illustrated the distinctive urn with handles in the form of serpents scale organisation, involving a considerable degree in the 1818 Staley5 / 1824 Urwin6 / 1848 - Ashford Tithe7 carved on the east door-pediment, a design associated of horizontal and vertical integration. This comprised / 1857 - Campell8 maps. with Pickford's old colleague, George Moneypenny. the: a) mining and washing of ore; b) the buying, In 1776 Moneypenny was working at Kedleston Hall smelting or burning of ore; and c) the merchanting or Extensive accounts from the period of 1819-1834 verify under Pickford's direction; and Moneypenny’s close disposal of the lead. Barker and Twigg were among the the implementation of the landscape designs illustrated association with Pickford is illustrated by Pickford’s VPHOWHUV ZKR KDG ¿UVW DGRSWHG WKH FXSROD SURFHVV in the cartography. business accounts. Moneypenny used the urn design which superseded the earlier hearth blown with water (and other sundry Pickford designs) on a number of powered bellows. This period of landscape expansion correlates with occasions after the architect's death. the period during which Sir Jeffrey Wyatt (Wyatville) In the 19th century The Barkers commercial interests was reconstructing and extending Chatsworth House Attributions to the parkland design are often inaccurate. GLYHUVL¿HG WR OHDG GHULYDWLYHV SDLQW DQG SLJPHQW (1820-40) for the 6th Duke of Devonshire. (Craven (1991) cites William Emes 1730-1803, www. PDQXIDFWXUHUV5DZVRQDQG%DUNHU 6KHI¿HOG:KLWH parksandgardens.org - cites Joseph Paxton 1803- Lead Company) and coal / ironstone workings. Lord George Henry Cavendish (1810-1880) - brother to the 6th Duke was in residence at Ashford Hall from 1865). 2 A Map of the Manor of Ashford and Sheldon. 1766. 9chains/1inch and associated accounts. 1830-1880. 3 Refer to 1796 Thomas Barker Map of Hall End - Ashford. 1 C/139 - Barker, Alexander 1773 -1779: Account with Chatsworth L/76/29 5 R Staley, Surveyor - 1818 Map of the Land at Ashford the trustees of Lords Richard and George Henry Cavendish and Hall - Chatsworth ref. 2639 (1818) AS/1728; AS/22 the accounts of Alexander Barker for 1776 to 4 AS/1493 - Surveys and Particulars 1704 -1760: Surveys 6 George Unwin 1824 map of Map of Ashford Town - 1777. and particulars of lands leased by Thomas Barker and William Chatsworth ref. L0B8416 Barker from the Duke of Devonshire in Sheldon in the manor of 7 1848 - Ashford Tithe Map Chatsworth ref. DRO/ 87A/P21 $VKIRUG %XQGOHRIVL[GRFXPHQWVLQFOXGLQJDFRS\RIWKHZLOORI 8 1857 - Ashford Tithe Map Revised By E. Campbell - Thomas Barker dated 10 January 1750. Chatsworth ref. L0B8416 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 4 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 02 - INTRODUCTION STUDY SCOPE This Heritage and Archaeological Assessment of the The assessment incorporates published and Ashford Hall Estate in the Parish of Ashford in the unpublished material, and charts historic land-use Water, has been researched and prepared by Bench through a map regression exercise. Architects, on behalf of Peter Hunt. A site inspection was undertaken on 16th January The site, also referred to as the study site, is located 2017 & 19th September 2017, opening up intrusive on the north side of the A6 Buxton Road, which runs investigations 22nd November 2018. between Bakewell to the east and Buxton to the west. Bounding the west side of the site is the A6020 (the The assessment enables relevant parties to assess 5th Dukes 1795 carriage road and 1811 Turnpike), and WKHVLJQL¿FDQFHRIKHULWDJHDQGDUFKDHRORJLFDODVVHWV along northern perimeter is Churchdale Hall. To the on and close to the site and to consider the potential east is the escarpment Cracknowl Wood. for hitherto undiscovered archaeological assets, thus HQDEOLQJ SRWHQWLDO LPSDFWV RQ DVVHWV WR EH LGHQWL¿HG The study site encompasses approximately 76.33 along with the need for any design, architectural or hectares (188.61 acres). Comprising of extensive archaeological solutions. gardens; large walled kitchen garden with greenhouse and potting shed; large terrace; original stable block with stabling, garaging and workshop; range of traditional and modern farm buildings; sheep shed and handling pens; tennis court; further garaging; game larder; traditional farm buildings; former sawmill; ponds; a boat-house on the River Wye; pasture-land and woodland.
This assessment has been prepared in compliance with the National Planning Policy Framework, to identify and SURYLGHDGHVFULSWLRQRIWKHVLJQL¿FDQFHRIKHULWDJHDQG archaeological assets on the site. Therefore, together with NPPF, this assessment also makes reference to the relevant legislative framework contained within the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, as well as national and local planning policy.
The assessment comprises an examination of evidence LQWKH'HUE\VKLUH5HFRUG2I¿FH+LVWRULF(QYLURQPHQW Record (HER), the Historic England Archives (HEA), &KDWVZRUWK$UFKLYHV6KHI¿HOG$UFKLYHV'HUE\/RFDO Studies Library, Pickford’s House Museum, and online resources. Information regarding Scheduled Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered and Listed Buildings was obtained from the Archaeology Data Service and Historic England Archives.
Information on The Ashford in the Water - Conservation Area was obtained from Peak District National Park Authority.
2016 Estate Plan
&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 5 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 02 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK The ensuing Concept Design and Masterplan (based upon this documentary research) - should reference the following legislation and policy guidance: -
• Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 • National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) • Planning Practice Guidance (PPG) • Historic England Good Practice Advice in Planning Overview • Historic England Good Practice Advice in Planning: 1RWH 0DQDJLQJ6LJQL¿FDQFHLQ'HFLVLRQ7DNLQJ in the Historic Environment (March 2015) • Historic England Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 3: The Setting of Heritage Assets (March 2015) • Historic England Advice: Note 1 (HEA1): Conservation Areas (February 2016) • Historic England Advice: Note 2 (HEA2): Making Changes to Heritage Assets (February 2016) • Seeing the History in the View (Historic England, May 2011) • Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance (English Heritage 2008) • BS 7913: 2013 - Guide to the Conservation of Historic Buildings • Local Policy Plans
2011 - Ashford Conservation Area Map
&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 6 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 03 - GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION The River Wye is a limestone river in the Peak District of Derbyshire. It is 15 miles (24 km) in length. The Wye rises a little above Buxton on Axe Edge Moor, passing near King’s-Sterndale, Wormhill, through Monsall Dale and Millers Dale, near Little-Longsdon, through Ashford DQG%DNHZHOODQGVNLUWLQJ+DGGRQSDUNÀRZVLQWRWKH Derwent near Rowsley.
The White Peak of Derbyshire and Staffordshire is one of the most important areas of carboniferous limestone in Britain. The limestone is cut by valleys, the ‘dales’, which both expose areas of high geological and geomorphological interest and support a range of important semi-natural woodland, scrub, grassland and stream habitats. Of particular importance is the variety of daleside grasslands, which show similarities to those found in other notable limestone areas such as the lower hills of the Somerset Mendips and the higher Craven area of Yorkshire. This gives rise to a distinctive assemblage of calcicolous grasslands, with a number of communities and species typical of either more northerly or southerly limestone grasslands, here being found together.
The dales vary widely in their orientation and this, together with differences in slope, affects the development of soil types and plant communities. South facing slopes are warm and dry in contrast to north facing slopes which are cool and moist, whilst the east facing slopes are slightly cooler than those which face west. The most common soils of the steeper dalesides are shallow nutrient-poor, well-drained rendzinas, high in calcium carbonate.
Toward the plateau, downwash of loessic material combined with surface-leaching has reduced the calcium carbonate and resulted in soils which are more acidic, and which tend to grade into deeper brown earths. Richer, moister soils cover the more variable GHSRVLWV RQ WKH ÀRRU RI WKH GDOHV DQG WKHVH DUHDV tend to support neutral rather than calcareous plant communities.
William Hole for the 1622 edition of Poly-Olbion by Michael Drayton (OC)
&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 7 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 03 EARLY SETTLEMENT / ANGLO-SAXON ASHFORD (Brighton.7-12) The Anglo-Saxon period consists of a (Hey.82-83) The campaign of the royal family of Wessex (Hey.73) The enormous territory that was served by succession of conquests by the Angles in the seventh against the Danes continued in 917 under Alfred’s son the Minister church1 of All Saints -Bakewell covered the century; the Vikings in the ninth; the Saxons in the tenth DQG GDXJKWHU (GZDUG WKH (OGHU DQG$HWKHOÀDHG WKH royal estates of Bakewell and Ashford. It stretched as far and the Normans (Northmen or French Vikings) in the window of the Mercian ealdorman Aethelred. west as the Roman road (A515) that crossed the White eleventh. Peak from Derby to Buxton, as far north as the deep $HWKHOÀDHGUHJDLQHG'HUE\LQ µWRJHWKHUZLWKWKH valley of the river Wye, and even beyond this valley The Angles came from the north Netherlands (Friesland) region which it controlled’ in the north-east. The river Derwent formed its eastern DQGDGMDFHQWDUHDVRIQRUWK*HUPDQ\DQGVDLOHGLQWR boundary and in the south it included Youlgreave. the Humber and up the Trent - where they settled :KHQ $HWKHOÀDHG GLHG LQ WKH 0HUFLDQ ORUGV to form Mercia ‘the boarderlands’. Some gradually accepted Edward as their king. Edward had taken occupied lands along the River Derwent to Northworthy 1RWWLQJKDPZLWKRXW¿JKWDQGLQ KHEXLOWDVHFRQG (Derby) and further north to Wirksworth - entering a fRUW EXUK WKHUH DQG UHIRUWL¿HG 0DQFKHVWHU ,Q WKH land of limestone crags and gritstone tors which they same year, in order to strengthen his frontier half way called Peacland, the pointy land. (Peacsaetan - Peak between Manchester and Nottingham, he ordered dwellers). the construction of a burh near Bakewell. The Anglo- Saxon Chronicle records (Garmonsway) that Edward Local Celts would have been living in scattered family went from Nottingham ‘Thence he went to Bakewell farmsteads much as they would have done for the in Peakland; and ordered a fort to be built as near as previous thousand years of the Iron Age. The Angles possible to it, and manned. And the King of Scotland, 1 Minister church - All Saints -Bakewell was a mynster church - became their new overlords and their contribution to with all his people, chose him as father and lord; as did served by a community of priests before the medieval system of farming is deduced from the prevalence of place names Reynold, and the son of Eadulf, and all that dwell in parishes was created. An ancient foundation going back to the ending in ‘ley’ (woodland clearing) i.e. Darley Dale, Northumbria, both English and Danish, both Northmen origins of Christianity in Britain. Minsters where a feature of the Anglo-Saxon period for which little documentation survives. By Wensley, Farley, Rowsley, Beeley, Lanyly and Pisley. and others; also the king of the Strathclydwallians, and WKHWLPHWKDWVXI¿FLHQWUHFRUGVDUHDYDLODEOHWKHROGSDWWHUQRI all his people’. ecclesiastical organization had largely disappeared. Since the late-eighth century Norse and Danish Vikings had raided the coast of England, but serious conquest For most of the tenth century the Wessex kings were began with the Great Army of Danes in AD865 with triumphant. Ahtelstan’s policy of purchasing land from their settlement of Mercia by 877. the Danes is demonstrated by the 926 reiteration of the 906 charter that he granted in to Uhtred of the large Peacland was now under the Danelaw and ruled by estates of Hope and Ashford ‘which he had bought with the Danish army at Derby. The Danes divided their VXI¿FLHQWPRQH\RIKLVRZQ«IURPWKHSDJDQV¶ territories into ‘warpentakes’ and Ashford was in the vanished Hamenstan, stretching from Glossop to In 942 King Edmund regained full control of Derbyshire. Ashbourne. Seven years later, when his brother Eadred was king and Uhtred was now an earl, a royal charter allowed By 900 King Alfred had retaken a portion of Saxon lands Uhtred to reinforce the ancient importance of the from the Vikings and had been succeeded by his son church at Bakewell by founding a religious community Edward of Wessex (The Elder) who called on Uhtred there; whilst Eadred was careful to keep his possession (son of the earl of Northumbria) to buy part of Peacland of the town and bridge over the Wye. from the Vikings. A land charter of 906 contains the following ‘to Uhtred, 60 manentes of land at Hope and Ashford, the estate he had brought from Danes by order of King Edward for 20 pounds of gold and silver’.
Hope and Ashford, mentioned in the charter, were probably the principal settlements in northern Peacland and the principal trackway in the region, Portway, passed through them. (Dodd.13-17;44-49)
Prospect of the River Wye in Monsal dale. Engraved by E. Vivares 1742 (OC)
&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 8 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 - ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND DEMESNE, MANOR, AND ECCLESIASTIC TITHES 1086 - ROYAL DEMENSNE THE MANOR OF ASHFORD THE MANOR OF ASHFORD - ECCLESIASTIC TITHES - (ADVOWSON “M. In Aisseford (Ashford) with (its) berewicks, Ralunt The Medieval history of Ashford is explained succinctly & GLEBE) (Rowland), Langesdune (Longstone), Hetesope by Daniel and Samuel Lysons in their 1817 Magna (Hey.75) Long after the Norman Conquest, the parish (Hassop), Calvoure (Calver), Basselau (Baslow), Britannia: volume 5 (1817) - (page 23-41): of Bakewell included the chapelries of Ashford, Baslow, Bubenenli (Bubnell), Berceles (Birchill), Scelhadun Beeley, Buxton, Chelmorton, Hassop, Longstone, (Sheldon), Tadintune (Taddington), Flagun (Flagg), “The village of Ashford, the Aisseford of the Domesday Monyash, Over Haddon, Rowland, Rowsley, Sheldon Presteclive (Priestcliff), Blachewelle (Blackwell)” Survey, is situated on the banks of the Wye, about two and Taddington all of which contributed to the upkeep of miles from Bakewell. The manor, which was parcel of Bakewell Church. Bakewell was the wealthiest manor “King Edward had 22 carucates of land (assessed) to the ancient demesnes of the crown, was granted by King in the Peak District at the time of the Domesday Book. the geld and I carucate of land exempt from geld (sine -RKQLQWKH¿UVW\HDURIKLVUHLJQWR:HQXQZHQ/RUG From 1192 King John gifted Bakewell Minster to the geldo). There the king has now in demesne 4 ploughs RI3RZLVODQGZKRVHVRQ*ULI¿QKDGDJUDQWRIIUHH 'HDQ DQG &KDSWHU RI /LWFK¿HOG ZKR WKHQ DFTXLUHG ; and 18 villeins have 5 ploughs. (There is) land for 22 warren in this manor in the year 1250. King Edward II most of the Churches income. ploughs. There is 1 mill (rendering) 12 pence, and the granted it in 1319, to his brother Edmund Plantagenet, site of 1 mill and 1 lead mine and 40 acres of meadow. Earl of Kent. This manor having descended to the The possession of the tithes of the Bakewell parish Wood(land), not 6 for pannage, 2 leagues in length and posterity of Joan his daughter, (and eventually heiress) (and its Ashford chapelry) was a matter of contention, 2 in breadth”. by her second husband Sir Thomas Holland, passed, leading to active hostility between the Dean and Chapter on the death of Edmund Holland Earl of Kent, in 1408, RI/LFK¿HOGDQG/HQWRQ3ULRU\QHDU1RWWLQJKDP7KH The 1086 survey also records 1 lead mine. to Elizabeth his sister and co-heiress, married to John latter, a satellite house of the great monastery of Cluny Lord Neville. Henry Neville Earl of Westmorland sold it in Burgundy, was founded by William Peveril, who From the numerous ingots that have been found in 1549 or 1550 to Sir William Cavendish, ancestor of endowed it with part of the tithes of Holme and Bakewell, stamped with Roman inscriptions it is well known that the Duke of Devonshire, who is the present proprietor”. Peveril’s sub-tenant, William Avenel, granting the tithes the Romans mined lead in Peacland. It seems that lead from Haddon. mining continued when the Romans left and may have Also - Joseph Tilley 1892 - Volume I, The High Peak EHHQWKHPDMRUDWWUDFWLRQIRUWKH0HUFLDQVLQRFFXS\LQJ Hundred - Ashford Rookery and Little Longstone Manor Ashford ceased as a Bakewell parochial chapelry and this area, particularly as silver occurs geologically House. became a separate parish 1872. with lead. Perhaps for this reason Anglo-Saxon royal interest in the area seems to be strong. 7KHFKDSHOU\LQFOXGHGWKHWRZQVKLSRI%UXVK¿HOGXQWLO c.1870. Sixteeenth century lead mining (including mining in TENURE BEFORE THE CAVENDISH Ashford) is documented in Kiernan-1989. PURCHASE
1086-1550 Medieval Context (up to the Reformation Feoffement and the exchange for land for a pledge and Cavendish Purchase) of service, favour or fee was central to the European feudal system.
The Manor of Ashford and its Chapelry were exchanged and let on multiple occasions during the medieval period.
&XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 9 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 1550 THE CAVENDISH ESTATE - FEOFFMENT, MOIETY AND GENTRIFICATION
The granting of a landholding to a vassal did not Date Source / Tenant Event / Description relinquish the lord’s property rights, but only the use of 1534 Rauff Gell of '/HDVHE\WKH3UHVLGHQWDQG&KDSWHURI/LFK¿HOGWR5DXII*HOORI+RSWRQRIWKHVLWHRIWKHSDUVRQDJHRI%DZNHZHOO the lands and their income; the granting lord retained Hopton with the Wolle House and a house nearby 2 burgages and a barn late in the tenure of John and Richard Roland, a burgage ultimate ownership of the fee and could, technically, ODWHLQWKHWHQXUHRI0DUW\Q(\UHDQG1LFKRODV5RE\QVRQZLWKDOOWKHJOHEHODQGVPHDGRZVHWFZLWKLQWKHWRZQDQG¿HOGVRI recover the lands in case of disloyalty or death. Bawkewell pertaining to the parsonage, a cottage and croft in Holmes "nigh unto the water of Wy" and all land, pasture, meadow etc in Holmes or elsewhere within the lordship of Ashford and all other lands late in the holding of Richard Hoton, late vicar of Historically the fees of the 11th and the 12th century %DZNHZHOOZLWKLQWKHWRZQDQG¿HOGVRI%DZNHZHOODQG+ROPHVIRU\HDUVDWDQQXDOUHQWRI VGZLWKDFRYHQDQWE\5DXII GHULYHG IURP WZR VHSDUDWH VRXUFHV 7KH ¿UVW ZDV to build a competent dwelling house on the site of the parsonage and if there be a vicar resident at Bakewell during the said term, land granted from the estates of the upper nobility. the President and Chapter may let a portion of Thomas Hyblyn's tenement to him and reduce Rauff's rent accordingly 20 Nov. The second source was allodial land transformed into dependent tenures. 1557 Chatsworth - A bargain and sale from Richard Wensley and Thomas Burton to Sir William Cavendish of the manor of Chatsworth, Ashford and AS/854 divers other lands. Conveyance of the Manors of Chatsworth, Ashford, Longstone, Litton, Cromford, Meadow Pleck (Meadow 1703-1720 JOSEPH ROTHERHAM Richard Wensley Place), Dovebridge and Dovebridge Holt, Church Broughton, and Tutbury, and also all his messuages, lands and tenements and and Thomas Burton other hereditaments in Beeley, Baslow, Edensor, Calton, Pilsley, Bakewell, Tideswell, Wheston, Abney, Matlock, Bonsall, Riber, Although resident in Bubnell, Chatsworth has accounts &KHVWHU¿HOG6FURSWRQ+DWWRQ)RVWRQDQG6DSSHUWRQ DOOLQ'HUE\VKLUH DOOODWHJUDQWHGWR5LFKDUGDQG7KRPDVE\6LU:LOOLDPWR for Joseph Rotherham for approximately 17 years and hold to Sir William for his life afterwards to his son Henry, with remainder in default to his second son William (5 April 1557). included the manor of Ashford, including particulars for 1 Eliza. Elizabeth Leech An assignment from Elizabeth Leech of all her estate to Sir John Mason and others in Chatsworth Ashford etc. Ashford, Little Longstone, Monsal Dale, Sheldon, Great 1558-9 Longstone, and Wardlow and sundry Yorkshire estates. 1571 Rental, listing "Rents Dewe at Michaelmas in the XIII th yeare of the Reigne of the Soveraigne Ladye Elizabeth of Englande France The 1704-1705 Ashford Manor tenure reads - & Irelande quene &c for the halfe yeare" 1701- Chatsworth - Summary of accounts of John Whildon for the years 1700 - 1705, including particulars for Chatsworth, Edensor, the manor of • Joseph Rotheram - £72.10.0 1705 AS/474 +484 Ashford, the Granges, Wetton, Winster, Tideswell and Litton, Hartington, and Rowland, Hassop and Calver. • More for part of Brenells (brindle?) - £02.10.0 JOHN WHILDON +Summary of accounts for the manor of Ashford and the Granges, including particulars for Ashford, Great Longstone, Sheldon, • More for y Hall Riderings (Ridings?) - £02.10.0 :DUGORZ/LWWOH/RQJVWRQH0RQVDO'DOH0HDGRZ3OHFN 0HDGRZ3ODFH 2QH$VK&DOOLQJORZ&RQNVEXU\ 1703 JOSEPH AS/1008; AS/175; AS/491; AS/ 136+241+242; AS/127+240; AS/ 497+1530+238+239; AS/ 235+236+237 1720 ROTHERAM Chatsworth Ashford Rentals 1721- BARKER FAMILY The Barkers did not possess extensive estates themselves until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The family fortunes were 1819 only really founded in the seventeenth century by Thomas Barker who became Steward to the Duke of Rutland. Although mainly concerned with the estates, the varied interest and professions of members of the Barker family are also represented. Several were interested in lead mining, William Barker was a merchant in Smyrna and Charles Barker a captain in the Royal Navy. John Barker (1731-1795) and Thomas Barker (1767-1816) were the patrons (or initial owners) of the Joseph Pickford designed (?) $VKIRUG+DOOZKLFKLVDGMDFHQWWR$VKIRUG0LOO &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 10 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 1721 - 1819 THE BARKER FAMILY The Barker family originate from prosperous Principal Barker estates and areas of settlement are as stewardships to of both the Duke of Rutland, at Haddon follows - and Belvoir, and the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth. 7KH\DOVRPDUULHGMXGLFLRXVO\WRDFTXLUHZHDOWK DERBYSHIRE The Duke of Rutland installed John Barker (1668- • Parish of Alfreton: Cotes Park (Charlesworth VWHZDUGIRUPHUMRLQHUFDUSHQWHUDQGDUFKLWHFW Family) who had been responsible for many of the works on • Parish of Bakewell: Bakewell (Barker Family) the estate. John Barker was succeeded as steward by (Scholler and Twigg Families) his son, Thomas (1709-1754), who is described as of • Parish of Bakewell: Ashford (Barker Family) Little Rowsley Hall, but who also spent much time at • Parish of Bolsover: (Watkinson Family) Belvoir. Thomas’ son, another John (1731-1795), was • Parish of Brampton: (Watkinson Family) the last of the family to live there, moving to Bagshaw • Parish of Brampton: Wadshelf (Watkinson Family) Hall, Bakewell, and later acquired Ashford Hall. • Parish of Barlow: (Barker Family) • 3DULVK RI &KHVWHU¿HOG &KHVWHU¿HOG :DWNLQVRQ Primary archive sources relates to the Watkinson, Family) Scholler / Twigg / Charlesworth and other North • 3DULVKRI&KHVWHU¿HOG +ROPH+DOODQG1HZEROG Derbyshire families with whom the Barkers intermarried. (Watkinson Family) The papers of these families contain most of the earlier • Parish of Hope: Castleton (Charlesworth Family) records in the collection as the Barkers did not possess • Parish of Monyash: Monyash (Thorpe Family) extensive estates themselves until the eighteenth and • Parish of Tideswell: (Barker Family) nineteenth centuries. • Parish of Youlgreave: (Barker Family) The family fortunes were only really founded in the eighteenth century by Thomas Barker who became YORKSHIRE Steward to the Duke of Rutland, but the family • 3DULVK RI (FFOHV¿HOG 1HWKHU +RXVH DQG 6WRUUV connections probably go back further than this. (Scholler and Twigg Families) • 3DULVKRI(FFOHV¿HOG 6KLUHJUHHQDQG:LQFREDQN 6KHI¿HOG&LW\$UFKLYHV 6&$ KROGVH[WHQVLYHUHFRUGV (Scholler and Twigg Families) of the Barker family (Bar D 1-870); although mainly • Parish of Silkstone: Dodworth (Scholler and Twigg concerned with the estates, the varied interest and Families) professions of members of the Barker family are also represented. Several had commercial interests in lead A pedigree of the Barker family of Darley, Rowsley and mining / lead-merchant partnerships Rawson and East Lodge, Derbyshire, is available at SCA. %DUNHU 6KHI¿HOG :KLWH /HDG &RPSDQ\ DQG FRDO ironstone workings. John Barker (1731-1795) and Thomas Barker (1767- 1816) were the patrons (or initial owners) of the Joseph William Barker (1738-1825) was a merchant in Smyrna Pickford designed Ashford Hall. ø]PLU 7XUNH\ DQG &KDUOHV %DUNHU D captain in the Royal Navy. 1832 - Derbyshire Parish Map (OC) &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 11 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 COMMERCIAL INTERESTS Lynn Willies (DAJ 1973) produced a comprehensive employers, ensured that the Barker family had detailed account with George’s children. The functions of the The management of the Barker business can be divided appraisal of the Barker Family and the eighteenth knowledge of the production and prospects of almost two partnerships would thus be combined. At the same into three operations: FHQWXU\OHDGEXVLQHVV$V\QRSVLVRIKLV¿QGLQJVUHODWHG every mine in the Peak District, and doubtless also time he continued a close association with Milnes and to the Ashford Hall estate is provided below. gave them the opportunity to lease smelting mills, Wilkinson, the latter taking nearly all the lead produced • The maintenance and pricing of the ore supply; and the right to smelt duty ores on favourable terms. for manufacture of red lead at their Brampton (part of • 7KH DFTXLVLWLRQ DQG SUR¿WDEOH UXQQLQJ RI WKH 7KH %DUNHUV DUH HVSHFLDOO\ VLJQL¿FDQW LQ WKDW WKHLU It is perhaps no coincidence that the Chatsworth Ore East) Moor Mill. In or about 1759 a partnership was smelting works business spanned a transition from small-scale to large- Accounts mainly date from the period when the Barkers formed between Alexander Barker and John and • 7KHSUR¿WDEOHGLVSRVDORIWKHOHDGSURGXFHG scale organisation, involving a considerable degree of took up their lead interests. ,VDDF:LONLQVRQDQGIURPWKHQXQWLOWKH¿UPZDV KRUL]RQWDODQGYHUWLFDOLQWHJUDWLRQ7KH\DUHVLJQL¿FDQW known as Barker and Wilkinson. In the late 1760s the In the mid-18th century lead was sold to red-lead mills also as being the only 18th-century lead business The founding of their lead business appears to have Barker share passed to George Barker, perhaps when belonging to a Mr. Lucas at Longside, to Nicholas whose records, to a considerable degree, are extant. been due to William Barker, Steward to the Duke of he became of age. In 1816 John Barker formed a Twigge at Oler and to Mines and Wilkinson at Brampton, Devonshire, in 1729. In 1731 a William Barker died, SDUWQHUVKLSZLWK%HQMDPLQ:\DWWLQWRZKRVHKDQGVWKH all on East Moor. The Barkers (and their business associates) integrated and was probably succeeded by his son Alexander. In whole business accrued in 1829. the: mining and washing of ore; the buying, smelting or 1735 or 1736 Alexander Barker signed deeds of co- ,W PD\ LQ SDUW KDYH EHHQ WKH GLI¿FXOWLHV RI WKH GLUHFW burning of ore; and the merchanting or disposal of the partnership with Thomas Barker, of Bakewell, Steward After Alexander Barker had taken over the business, London trade that caused the partnership of Barkers lead. to the Duke of Rutland, as lead merchants. Their much of the ore-buying was done by a John Barker. and Wilkinson to be formed, following the very interests were mainly in the mines near Monyash, Thus from 9th August to 12th September 1755 John extensive business with Milnes and Wilkinson. The Barker and Twigg were among the smelters who had smelting their portion of the lead at Shacklow Furnace. Barker was paid £1,065 to settle ‘sundries’. Despite this result was the formation of almost certainly the largest ¿UVW DGRSWHG WKH FXSROD SURFHVV ZKLFK VXSHUVHGHG From 1729 until 1781 Shacklow mill was leased by importance in the affairs of the business, he does not vertically integrated lead business of the 18th century, the earlier hearth which was blown by water powered the dukes of Devonshire to members of the Barker seem to have become a member of the partnership. with direct operations in mining, smelting, white / red- EHOORZV7KHFXSRODIXUQDFH DFRDO¿UHGUHYHUEHUDWRU\ family. The partners smelted ore mined at Monyash in lead production and lead sales, both to London and to its introduction c.l735 did not require water-power and Shacklow mill until it was closed in 1781. It seems likely that this John Barker was the son and the continent. was associated with the proximity of coal supplies. KHLURI7KRPDVRIWKHMRLQWSDUWQHUVKLSRI7KRPDVDQG In March 1743 George Barker, of Baslow, and Thomas George Barker. If so, then his involvement in mining SCA Bar D/666 10 Mar 1711 - John Barker of Rowesley, The Barkers appear to have formed a partnership Barker, of Bakewell, signed deeds as partners in and smelting is explained. MRLQHUDJUHHVZLWK:LOOLDP'XNHRI'HYRQVKLUHWRSXOO with Wilkinsons, who were lead dealers and red- the lead business, with George as manager of the down the roof and walls of part of the well house or lead manufacturers, after which practically all their business. George and Thomas took over the smelting John Barker, like his father, became Steward to the Duke bathing house at Buxton and build a new arch of stone lead was disposed of by the partnership. In 1755 ore side of the business, apparently leasing the Shacklow of Rutland, during which time he opened his own cupola, over the well and four rooms with a staircase above worth £12,500 was smelted, so that the potential of Mill from Alexander Barker. Alexander and Thomas on land belonging to the Duke of Rutland at Barbrook, it, before 20 May, 1712, and also a stable and coach a guaranteed outlet was considerable. Milnes were Barker also stayed in business, probably dealing with Baslow. The earliest positive indication of his smelting house; for four hundred pounds. Annexed is a plan, active in mining and smelting in Derbyshire, but they the sale of smelted lead. Hopkinson, however, wrote activity is contained in a list of subscribers, including a apparently drawn by Barker. Refer William Stukeley seem to have concentrated on lead dealing and in the that the Alexander and Thomas Partnership was taken Mr. Barker, as well as Barker and Wilkinson, to pay the (1687 - 1765) English antiquary and one of the founders 1750s were in partnership with Wilkinsons. In 1789 over by George and John Barker, though he cited no expenses of a petition to Parliament protesting about RI¿HOGDUFKDHRORJ\-XO\LOOXVWUDWLRQVRI%X[WRQ Sykes Milnes and Co. took over many of the interests of reference. increased taxes on lead exports in 1775, though he may Bath House and Well. Twigg and Winchester when their smelting partnership have smelted prior to this at Rowsley or elsewhere. He collapsed, including their Dore and Kelstedge cupolas. After the death of George Barker, the business was is mentioned frequently as John Barker in subsequent Sykes was the head of a Hull merchant house, and WDNHQRYHUE\$OH[DQGHU%DUNHU¿UVWDVKLVEURWKHU¶V ore accounts. John Barker was succeeded by his two thus capable of providing capital and a guaranteed H[HFXWRUWKHQHLWKHURQKLVRZQDFFRXQWRURQDMRLQW sons, Thomas Barker (1767-1816) and John, after his outlet. The Barker family (of Bakewell) also took action death in 1795. After the death of John, in 1841, the to maintain a market by acquiring a partnership, in the business was run by his son Thomas Rawson Barker, HDUO\ WKFHQWXU\LQWKH6KHI¿HOG:KLWH/HDG:RUNV as T. R. Barker and Rose, at Barbrook, Lords’ Cupola, They were also considerable lead buyers from other DQG¿QDOO\$OSRUW&XSRODXQWLO cupolas in the Middleton Dale area, a policy which was also followed by Barker and Wyatt, and then Wyatt, mainly after 1825 from Lords’ Cupola. The Barker fortunes were almost certainly tied up with their stewardships of both the Duke of Rutland, and the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth. These posts, dealing, amongst other things, with the receipt of lot and cope payments (mineral duties) to their respective The Shot Tower, Derby - C19 Engraving - Industrial Derby, Michael Buxton Bath - 1712 by William Stukeley. The discovery of the E. Smith, Reader in International Relations Michael E Smith p.40 Peak District, Trevor Brighton p.27 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 12 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 COMMERCIAL INTERESTS Extract from Kiernan (1989) pp 158-163 0DQ\RWKHU¿UPVVXFKDV&R[DQG3R\VHURI'HUE\ and Yeats Brown and Scott of London, also became “In the sixteenth century two chemical products were large buyers of lead. derived from lead: white lead, a compound of lead carbonate and hydrated oxide of lead, and red lead, a As a consequence of this, the direction of the Barker compound of peroxide of lead (Pb (IV)O2) and protoxide lead sales was increasingly direct to a few large of lead (Pb(II)O). Both were used as pigments in the manufacturers. Considerable sales were made to manufacture of paint. London, Manchester and Birmingham, and to other towns with canal and, later, rail connections. The The Hull port books do not record the shipment of any Barkers also supplied their own company Rawson and white lead until the 1680s and so it is unlikely that the %DUNHU 6KHI¿HOG:KLWH/HDG&RPSDQ\ substance was manufactured in Derbyshire before that date. Red lead, however, was made in Derbyshire from 7KHFROODSVHRISULFHVMXVWEHIRUHWKHHQGRIDQGDIWHU the late 1570s and was shipped to London and abroad the Napoleonic Wars to about £18 a ton caused a in increasing quantities in the seventeenth century. considerable contraction in the business, so that only The two processes involved in the manufacture of Middleton Dale continued in operation. Hopkinson’s red lead were most fully described by Percy1 in 1870, postulated shortage of capital, due to the withdrawal whose chapter on red lead includes a description of the of Wilkinson from the partnership, may have been the furnaces and processes used at the works of Messers UHDVRQIRUWKHHQWU\RI%HQMDPLQ:\DWWLQWRSDUWQHUVKLS 5DZVRQ %DUNHU &R DW 6KHI¿HOG VXSSOLHG E\ WKH with John Barker in 1816, subscribing £500 for a quarter former manager of the works. An earlier description of share. With the entry of Wyatt into the partnership, the ZRUNVQHDU&KHVWHU¿HOGDQG:LUNVZRUWKZDVLQFOXGHG business was largely out of the hands of the Barker by Gabriel Jars2 in his Voyage Metallurgiques which family. was written in 1780 on the basis of enquiries made in the 1760s. The survival of a family business for a century is unusual and itself indicates that any general conclusions may Complaints, in which the Barkers took a prominent part, be atypical. Barkers had the considerable advantage about the imposition of an export tax on raw lead in of being stewards to the Dukes of Rutland and 1784, suggest that the smelters still saw themselves as Devonshire, and additionally were very lucky, or skilful, raw lead producers dependent on the export market. in their choice of partners with the Wilkinsons who They complained that a lead-tax gave the red and white provided the capital for the buoyant years in the mid- lead manufacturers an advantage over the miners century, and with Wyatt who clearly introduced tighter and presumably themselves, and would lead to the ¿QDQFLDOFRQWUROLQWKHGLI¿FXOWZDUDQGSRVWZDU\HDUV expansion of foreign lead producers Germany, Spain of the early 19th century. and elsewhere. Others survived too. The Barkers of Bakewell, who An expansion in the home manufacture of lead broke away from the better-known branch, remained in products at the expense of the export of raw lead did the lead business for a further half century, with mining, occur though. A considerable number of lead product VPHOWLQJDQGWKH5DZVRQDQG%DUNHU 6KHI¿HOG:KLWH manufacturers began operations at this period. Of Lead Company of Royd’s Mill) which produced white, WKHVHWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWZDVWKH¿UPRI:DONHU3DUNHU UHGDQGUH¿QHGOHDGV and Company, which began operations in 1778, and expanded greatly after 1785. Hull began a white lead Yet most others fell away. Hopkinson suggests the manufacturing business at Elswick, near Newcastle- numbers declined as the derived wealth allowed them upon-Tyne. Samuel Walker provided most of the capital, to leave trade and found their own landed families, while his partners contributed business and practical such as Thornhill, Rotherham and Brights, whilst the expertise. This enterprise was extended, producing not increased capital required after the introduction of the only white and red lead but also lead shot and pipes. cupola, and the more speculative conditions after the mid-century, prevented the entry of newcomers. 1 Percy, John (1870) The Metallurgy of lead, including desliverisation and cupellation 2 Jars, Gabriel (1774-81) Voyage Metallurgiques – Lyon Barker Smelting Works - 1729-1816 - Derbyshire Archeological Journal p.59 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 13 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 JOHN BARKER (1731-1795) JOSEPH PICKFORD Principal documentary evidence of John Barker Ashford Hall c.1776 is attributed by Colvin (1995) and attributions will be found). 7KHUHZHUH¿YHFKLOGUHQLQWKHIDPLO\ 7KRPDV-RKQ includes; Saunders (1993) to JOSEPH PICKFORD (1734- 1782). Saunders (1993) states that - Robert, Jane and Sarah. • (Justice of the Peace) relate to his 1795 will (D/721 10 Jul 1795) Joseph Pickford - was the leading architect in “Nothing is known of the building history of Ashford Thomas, the eldest son, and John, he appointed as • 1801 schedule of Property (D/721 10 Jul 1795) Derbyshire in the reign of George III. He was the son Hall and there is even some doubt about who built it. his executors. As he entreated the Duke of Rutland • 1790 survey of his land (D/775) of William Pickford, a mason of Ashow near Warwick, The best information we have comes from the Lysons, to allow his son John to tenant the house in Bakewell, • Appointment as Deputy Lieutenant of Derbyshire and the nephew of Joseph Pickford, a sculptor and usually reliable witnesses. Writing in 1817, some forty ‘which I now inhabit with the farm and tithes I hold of his by Lord George Cavendish Bar (Bar D/638 13 monumental mason with a yard at Hyde Park Corner years after the house was built, they tell us that ‘near Grace’, it seems reasonable to suppose that Thomas Apr 1773). in London. His father died soon after his birth, and in Ashford is a good house, the property and residence of paid off the legacies to his brothers and sisters and 1748 he was sent to London to be trained in his uncle’s the late Thomas Barker Esq. and now in the occupation took Ashford Hall for himself. A limited number of John Barker legal and estate yard. He remained in London for about ten years, of his widow. It was built by Mr Barker’s father’. business letters survive (D/842) including; gaining experience by working on buildings designed Saunders (1993) notes that Pickford’s claim to be • his letters as 3rd generation agent to the Duke of by leading architects such as Stephen Wright and Sir Saunders notes that John Barker’s residence is given the architect of Ashford Hall rests mainly on the Rutland 1773-1774 (DRO - D3340/1/1-3) William Chambers. At the same time he became a in Burke’s Landed Gentry as The Hall, Bakewell, ornamental detail, in particular the distinctive urn with • Letter to regarding ore in Longstone liberty (D1289 competent architectural draughtsman. (Bagshaw Hall?) - which was the house provided by the handles in the form of serpents carved on the east B/L 166). Duke of Rutland for his Derbyshire agent. Assuming the door-pediment, a design associated with Pickford’s old In 1759 he returned to Derbyshire to supervise the Lysons were correct the matter is further complicated colleague, George Moneypenny. In 1776 Moneypenny John Barker married Jane née. WATKINSON daughter building of Foremark Hall on behalf of the Warwick by documentation in the Chatsworth Archives, dating was working at Kedleston Hall under Pickford’s of Col. Godfrey Watkinson of Brampton Derbyshire and architects David and William Hiorne. from the late 1770s and directed to Alexander Barker, direction; and Moneypenny’s close association with Elizabeth R P SCHOLLER of Rowsley. (JW bap 2 Aug the Duke of Devonshire’s agent, at Ashford Hall. Pickford is illustrated by Pickford’s business accounts. 1745 and died at Peckham April 1829 aged 84 years). Subsequent work at Longford Hall led to his marriage Moneypenny used the urn design (and other sundry to the daughter of the owner’s agent, and to his own The site of the present Ashford Hall seems to have Pickford designs) on a number of occasions after the establishment as an architect and builder in Derby. come into the leasehold possession of the Barker architect’s death. family by the mid-eighteenth century, and the Lysons During the next twenty years Pickford designed and tell us that it was built for John Barker (1731-1795 ). Saunders assumed that the version at Ashford is the built several small country houses and some town original and was the work of Joseph Pickford. mansions in a competent late Palladian style that Craven (1991) states - “The architect was almost owed something to James Paine. Among the buildings certainly Joseph Pickford, working there c.1777. Saunders quotes the following architectural samplers which he erected to the designs of others was James The Derby architect had encountered the Duke of in Pickford’s iconography - Candon’s county Hall at Nottingham, which no doubt Devonshire in the early 1760s, and worked almost explains the inclusion of one of his own houses (Sandon exclusively for him in the later 1770s, dealing through • James Gibbs (1728) Book of Architecture Hall) in Woolfe and Gandon’s Vitruvius Britannicus (vol. John Barker’s second cousin Alexander, of Edensor. • John Vardy (1744) - Some Designs of Mr Inigo 5, 1717). Jones and Mr William Kent. The latter is clearly described in papers still at • Stuart and Revett (1762) - The Antiquities of In Derby Pickford built a handsome house for himself Chatsworth as ‘at Ashford Hall’, so it may be that he Athens. in Friargate, became a member of the corporation, and lived there until his death as tenant of the Duke who • Joseph Wright - Italian drawings 1773 by Charles was a close friend both of the artist Joseph Wright, who later sold it to Alexander’s Bakewell-based cousins Louis Clerisseau made for the Empress Catherine painted a portrait of his two sons as children, and of who were hereditary agents to the Dukes of Rutland”. of Russia for a House in Rome. (Robert Adam John Whitehurst, an intellectual clockmaker who was engaged Clerisseau to survey the Roman Palace the author of an Inquiry into the Original State and A month before he died, in August 1795, John Barker RI 'LRFOHWLDQ DW 6SOLW WKH VXEMHFW RI$GDP¶V ¿UVW Formation of the Earth (1778). drew up his will which in part explains why Alexander great publication in 1764). Barker was living in the house. John Barker does not • George Richardson (1776) - A Book of Ceilings Pickford died in July 1782, aged 47, leaving a widow claim to have built Ashford Hall, but he does say that Composed in the Style of the Antique Grotesque and two sons, the elder of whom became a Fellow of ‘for better securing the payments of my said debts ... (Pickford was an original subscriber). Oriel College, Oxford. legacies and funeral expenses I do hereby charge my • James Gandon (1778) A Collection of Friezes, estates purchased by me in the Manor of Ashford and Capitals and Grotesque Ornaments. His business was not continued by his family, but he ... at Coats Park with the payment of the same’. had two pupils, Thomas Gardner and James Pollard, the former of whom established a provincial practice as an architect at Uttoxeter. (Edward Saunders, Joseph Pickford, 1993, where the works listed below are Joseph Pickford (1734-82) - Joseph Wright (OC) documented and illustrated, and where further stylistic &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 14 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 04 1819 - 1938 THE DEVONSHIRE PERIOD In 1816 Thomas Barker, the builder’s son, died and in 1819 the next heir retired to Bakewell and it was sold to • R. Clifford Smith esq 1888-1910. 1891 Kelly’s the Duke of Devonshire for (£14,000 with 1,000 acres, Directory - “May, 1891 - Near to the village who let it to William Ashby, magistrate, and agent to the is Ashford Hall, the property of the Duke of Duke of Devonshire. Devonshire K.G. and the residence of R. Clifford Smith esq”. William Ashby of Quenby Hall, Leicester was resident • Frederick Lees 1910 -1929. From 25th September at Ashford Hall from 1818 -1830. until 1929 (Lees died 20th November 1929) then in the hands of his representatives until 24th June Saunders (1993 Notes) “It was shortly after this, that the 1930. south front windows were widened and deepened, and • Brigadier Hon George Evan Michael Baillie 1930 the entrance turned round to the west, which makes -1939. Baillie was married to Lady Maud Louisa nonsense of Pickford’s cool, elegant hall, with its Tower Emma Cavendish, he died 6th June 1941 aged 46 of the Winds screen, an order used by Pickford at his on active service. own house in Derby (1770), and published by Stuart and Revett in 1762.“ Lord George Henry Cavendish (1810-1880) - brother to the 6th Duke of Devonshire (1790-1858) was in residence at Ashford Hall from 1830-1880. Cavendish the second son of William Cavendish and Louisa O’Callaghan. He was known as George Henry Cavendish until 1858, when his brother succeeded as Duke of Devonshire and he was given precedence as 1938-2008 OLIVIER PERIOD the son of a duke by Royal Warrant of Precedence. Ogston, Derbyshire - private collection postcard In 1938 Col W.H.Olivier took the house on, buying the He replaced his older brother, William, as Member of freehold in 1954. Jasper William Dacres Olivier sold Parliament (MP) for North Derbyshire when the latter Ashford Hall to Peter Hunt in 2008. succeeded their grandfather as Earl of Burlington. Cavendish would retain the seat until his death in 1880. He married Louisa Lascelles, daughter of Henry Lascelles, 2nd Earl of Harewood on 4 July 1835 and had six children: • Henry George Cavendish (24 May 1836 – 9 November 1865) • Alice Louisa Cavendish (London, 18 July 1837 – 28 March 1905), married Algernon Fulke Egerton and had issue • James Charles Cavendish (London, 15 November 1838 – 12 July 1918) • Arthur Cavendish (12 December 1841 – 13 March 1858) • Walter Frederick Cavendish (6 November 1844 – 26 November 1866) • Susan Henrietta Cavendish (London, 29 July 1846 – 16 October 1909, Cromer), married Henry Brand, 2nd Viscount Hampden had issue Following the death of Lord George Henry Cavendish - Ashford Hall was leased to the following tenants - St Helen’s House, Derby - Joseph Pickford of Derby (Biography, Letters & Diaries) by Saunders, Edward, 1993-09-30, p.86 West View of the Assembly House, engraved by Robert Hancock after George Moneypenny, circa 1791 © Derby Museums Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 15 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 - CARTOGRAPHIC APPRAISAL 1616 - WILLIAM SENIOR - THORPE / SMITHE/ DEMAINES Senior’s 1616 Survey illustrates - The prehistoric track Portway crosses north from Wardlow - south through Ashford to Wirksworth. The Senior map also illustrates the short length of medieval track (Churchdale Lane to the East of the future Hall) linking Ashford to Hassop / Rowland and Great Longstone. This track now forms the driveway to Ashford Hall. Land Tenure in the area of the future Hall appears to be split between - 01 Thomas Thorpe - The Howse fould and 8 Mirye crofts 11-0-0 (Total tenure - 57A:2R:2P) 02 William Goodwin - House & Yard 1-0-0 (Total tenure - 8A:1R:0P) 03 William Smith - Croftes 6-0-20 / Flaxlands 4-1-0 (Total tenure - 39A:1R:37P) 0303 011 0202 1616-Senior 061 Ashford and Churchdale-Ashford Village Centre - ed., The Welbeck Atlas : William Senior’s Maps of the Estates of William Cavendish, Earl of Newcastle, 1629-1640, Thoroton Society Record Series vol.47, 2017. © Thoroton Society/Private Collection. &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 16 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1756 - SAMUEL BRAILSFORD MAP Brailsford’s 1756 Survey illustrates - HT - “A Court Baron of the most Noble William Duke of Devonshire held at Ashford this Thirteenth day of May The explanation: “One part his Grace the Duke of :HWKH+RPDJHUV MXURUVRIDPDQRU FRXUW Devonshire Estate in this Plan of Ashford is colour’d and Jurors duly sumond to the said Court and sworn do with; Green; the other Part being his Demesne Lands each and every one of us Certify that wee have Carefully is colour’d Red. As also his graces Houses. The Examined this Map or Plan being a Description and Freeholders Lands are with a lightish Colour; and Mensuration of all the lands lying within the Liberty and their Demesne lands colour’d with yellow as are the Hamblet of Ashford and that the same to the best of our Copyholders Houses. And the Copyholders lands are knowledge Information & Belief is a true and perfect OHIWXQFRORXUHG$OVRWKH¿JXUHVZLWKLQWKHSODQUHIHUWR Plan of the Scituation Buttals and Boundings of all and the same in the Margins and the Reference Book. The every Parcel and Parcells of Land herein Contained. letters a b c etc. in every Inclosure refers to the Book to shew whose each land is in every Mean Field. And Signed by 20 men - Him Tynney; John Harris; John Harris the single dotted lines are to distinguish every Parcel of Junr; George Hagne; Humy Bretnor; John Crefyell; 03 land within every Inclosure. Also the River wye colour’d William Hall; George Heyward; George Heyward Blue and the Roads a darkish colour”. Junr; Geo: Blackden; Robert Wright; John Naylor; William Cook; Thomas Gregory; William Naylor; Janus Superior Lord (Cavendish) - Lands coloured Green 1HZEROH 7KRPV%UXVK¿HOG -RKQ:ULJKW 6LPQ&RRNH with Demesne Lands coloured Red. Thomas Teynney In presence of: Ralf Fleastsrode (?) Steward. (Families present on Senior 1616 highlighted) Freeholders Lands*1 - are coloured Buff; and their 02 Demesne lands colour’d with yellow. (Freehold*1. A Land tenure as follows - WHQXULDO VWDWXV IRU SURSHUW\ ZKLFK ZDV QRW VXEMHFW WR 010 01 Mrs. Hall - Churchdale and Brewell Croft manorial customs, as were *copyhold or *leasehold. A freehold was originally held in *knight service or 02 G. Hewood - Croft Toft / Longdinyard /Flaxland & in *socage. (See fee simple and entail). Men aged Nether Flaxland between 21 and 70 with freehold property worth 40 03 Mr. Cheney - Estate Cop Owner shillings a year could vote at local and parliamentary HOHFWLRQV6XFKSHRSOHZHUHHOLJLEOHIRU MXU\ZHUYLFH and therefore (from 1696) lists were drawn up for each *parish. These are kept amongst the *quarter sessions LQ'HUE\VKLUH5HFRUG2I¿FH)URPWKHDGGUHVVHV of freeholders were included). Copyholders lands*2 are left uncoloured. . (Copyhold*2. A form of customary tenure by which a tenant held a copy of the entry in the rolls of the manorial *court baron which recorded his or her possession of a holding on agreed terms. In the early Middle Ages the tenant performed services to the lord, but by the 16th century services had generally been converted LQWRPRQH\SD\PHQWVLQYROYLQJODUJHHQWU\ ¿QHVDQG nominal annual rents. Copyhold was abolished in 1922 in favour of Leasehold agreements. 1756 Samuel Brailsford-Ashford Tithe Part Map, DRO - D1306/A/PP/1 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 17 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1766 - ASHFORD & SHELDON TITHE MAP A 1766 map of Ashford and Sheldon - 890 x 990mm - The 1768 Tithe Award records the following ownerships: black ink on parchment with little colour. Centred on: SK 182698. Alexander Barker - Owner Notes: north-east at map top. Shows Sheldon and Ashford with church and houses in plan: river with leats: strips numbered: Great Common parcelled and Alexander Barker - Tenant numbered: Sheldon pasture, Finn Pasture, Finn Cop; *UHDW DQG /LWWOH 6KDNHORZ ZRRGHG URDGV DGMDFHQW lordships: title in decorative cartouche. Edward Cheney - Owner The map illustrates - 01 Plots 71 - a messuage and farm buildings, prior to the construction of Ashford Hall 02 The Stable appears to correlate with existing stable position 03 To the east the plots occupy the Cavendish and Demesne Lands occupied by Mrs Hall of Churchdale in 1752 and include Flaxlands. 030 0101 022 1766-Ashford Map - Chatsworth ref. L/76/29 © Chatsworth House Trust 1766-Ashford Map - Chatsworth ref. L/76/29 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 18 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1791 - BURDETT’S MAP OF DERBYSHIRE The Derbyshire map was surveyed and produced by Peter Perez Burdett 1762-1767. The map was updated in 1791 by engraver and Cartographer - John Chapman. Peter Perez Burdett (c.1734-1793) was an 18th-century cartographer, surveyor, artist, and draughtsman originally from Eastwood in Essex where he inherited a small estate and the name Perez from his maternal grandfather who was the clergyman there. +H ZRXOG KDYH EHHQ QRWDEOH MXVW IRU KLV PDQ\ appearances in Joseph Wright’s pictures but he was also LQYROYHG ZLWK QXPHURXV SURMHFWV LQFOXGLQJ VXUYH\LQJ WKHURXWHIRURQHRIWKHPDMRUSURMHFWVRIWKHLQGXVWULDO revolution, the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in 1769. He has been described as “if not in the centre at least in the penumbra of the Lunar Society of Birmingham”. He spent the last years of his life in Karlsruhe, avoiding debtors, but still active in German society.1 The map illustrates - 01 The short length of medieval track now a Turnpike - Churchdale Lane to the East of the Hall End linking Ashford to Hassop / Rowland and Great Longstone. 02 Hall End (Ashford Hall) is annotated as belonging to ‘T Barker Esqr’. 03 Hall End is undistinguished by Parkland - none is 01 illustrated. 020 03 1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Perez_Burdett Burdett’s map of Derbyshire 1791 - Derbyshire Archeological society 1975 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 19 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1796 - HALL END IN ASHFORD - THOMAS BARKER A Map of Hallend in Ashford belonging to Thomas The following is of note - Barker Esq. 1796. Colour washed plan. Scale 2 chains to 1 inch. 01 7KHHVWDWHLVUHODWLYHO\VPDOODQGFRQ¿QHGE\WKH Church Dale Turnpike Road . The site of the present hall came into the leasehold 02 The Farm Yard and Stables abuts the possession of the Barker family (William Barker) in Churchdale Turnpike and 1721 as part of the Mesne Lordship of the manor of Ashford (following Joseph Rotherham). 03 ownership includes Croft Toft to the south of the Turnpike . In 1777 Joseph Pickford under John Barker’s (1731- 04 The Hall has (walled?) upper and lower Yards to 1795) patronage constructed Ashford Hall (refer to the north & south. section 04 above). 05 Culverted-Forecourt opens on two sides of 0909 06 The map was drawn to illustrate the curtilage of Thomas the Turnpike. (Some of Pickford’s c.1768- Barker (1767-1816) estate - shortly after the death of 72 earlier country villas, including Sandon his father John Barker (1731-1795). Hall, had chained-and-bollard markers denoting boundaries). The estate boundaries correlate with earlier cartography 06 A small weired lake and Fish Pond was formed - including that of William Senior 1617 and Samuel from Thornbridge Brook to the north of the lower Brailsford (refer to sections above). yard. The brook discharges under the culverted 022 forecourt to the river Wye. Hall End (Ashford Hall) occupies the former plots of Mr. 0077 080 Edward Cheney and G. Hewood – Great Leys, Croft 07 Further north is a Walled-Garden Toft / Longdinyard /Flaxland & Nether Flaxland and of - 08 Palladian Gardener’s Cottage, masquerading Estate Cop. (refer to sections above). 033 as a temple, with simple Venetian windows and 0404 giant distyle ‘Tower of the Winds’ portico in antis. 0404 0606 09 There are Pastures to the North (6-3-21) and South (3-1-17) of the lake 10 Plantation (0-3-13) 1111 11 Flaxlands (4-0-37) (2-0-4) (2-0-4) follows route of the eastern Turnpike. 055 1010 0101 1796 - HALLEND in ASHFORD _Thomas Barker - Chatsworth ref. L/76/29 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 20 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1818 - R STALEY, SURVEYOR ‘Map of Lands situated at Ashford - the property of His Grace the Duke of Devonshire. 1818. R Staley, Surveyor. 3chains/1 inch’. In 1816 Thomas Barker died and in 1819 the next heir - John Henry Barker retired to East Lodge Bakewell and Ashford Hall was resold to the Duke of Devonshire for £14,000 with 1,000.00 acres. As noted above - the initial Barker land ownership was constrained by the Medieval Road - Churchdale Lane (marked Turnpike Road) which ran along of southern and eastern curtilage of Ashford Hall; connecting Ashford village to Hassop and Great Longstone. 020 The Staley map illustrates both the new 1812 Birchhill Turnpike to the west; and the old Churchdale Turnpike to the east. In 1818 there was no extensive Parkland towards Holme Hall / Bakewell; this was not created until Churchdale lane was abandoned. 0303 The Staley map illustrates the following alterations from the 1796 Thomas Barker map: - 0404 01 Abandonment of Crofts to the southern side of 0606 070 the Church Dale Turnpike? 055 02 Extension to the stables / farm-yard complex. 0909 03 Construction of Dog Kennels. 0101 0808 04 To the west of the garden front a conservatory, possibly glazed. 05 The southern entrance was still being utilized. 06 7KH)LVK3RQGVHUYHGE\D¿VKLQJSDYLOLRQ7KLV 077 VXUYLYHVUHORFDWHGDVDQHVWDWHRI¿FH 07 The formal walled gardens have had glass- houses constructed. 08 Circular garden feature – (Fountain/Pavilion?) to Gardens. 09 Extensive paths around Gardens and Fishing Pond, including bridge & culvert to the south. Gates are also indicated on the plan. 10 A Pavilion or Toll-House has been constructed on the south-side of the road opposite the Church Dale Lane Plantation. 1010 1818 R Staley - Chatsworth ref. 2638 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 21 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1824 - GEORGE UNWIN MAP The 1824 map of Map of Ashford Town is similar to the 1832 1818 map but with the following variables. • Dec 31 mason for building a larder, reforming the NLWFKHQ DQG ¿[LQJ DQG DSSDUDWXV IRU FRRNLQJ E\ Only with the construction of the Duke of Devonshire’s 4 steam and paving the courtyard mile ‘private road across Birchhill’s Farm’ from Edensor 1834 to Ashford c1812 was Churchdale Lane abandoned • glazing works and the park running along the Wye to Holme created. • masonry works to vinery 1835 6LJQL¿FDQW DOWHUDWLRQV ZHUH PDGH WR WKH$VKIRUG +DOO • glazing at vinery parkland between the 1818 Staley survey and the 1824 Urwin Survey. The Chatsworth Ashford Hall Accounts Principal alterations to the parkland and architecture illustrate these landscape alterations between 1819 illustrated by the 1824 - Unwin map is as follows - and 1824. 01 Except for a short stretch of driveway to the ACCOUNTS - south-west of the house - Churchdale Lane has 1819-20 been eradicated 044 0505 • Glazing, carpentry work 02 Although the plantation abutting the Churchdale • Lead to stables Lane survives. Churchdale Lane manifest again • Labour in the improvement of the grounds and at Churchdale Hall. 0606 land attached to the house £238-1-0 1821 03 Extensive Woodlands and Shrubberies have • Plantation of shrubbery been planted. • August 31 making a ‘ford over’ the river 04 Extensions have been added to the stables. • September 5th for enlarging and ?separating? a 0303 pond 05 The Walled Garden has an additional glass- • Gravel for pond and lime for pastures house. 011 • Gravel for coach road 06 7KH)LVK3RQGGUDLQHGDQGWKH¿VKLQJSDYLOLRn • Hall - May 7 ‘hanging bell’ moved. 1822 • May 8 for making gates 0202 • Dec £289-31 for a bridge in the meadows • a horizontal sundial 1823 0011 • SXWWLQJGRZQÀRRGVKXWWOHVDQGELUFKLQJ" • -XO\µFXWWLQJDQGSXGGOLQJDQHZ¿VKSRQG 0303 • Sept 12 422 fruit trees 1824 • July 1 deal bookcase • Dec 31 579 " DQG HQODUJLQJ WKH VHUYDQW RI¿FHV and having the ? yards? • FDUSHQWU\ZRUNDWWKHVHUYDQWVRI¿FHVDQGDWWKH their hot house? 1826 • expense of taking down and rebuilding the weir and shuttles and cleaning out and fencing the pond in front of the house 1831 • Cast iron pipes for carrying water to the house, EULFNV« 1824 - George Unwin-Ashford Map - Chatsworth ref. L0B8416 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 22 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1824 - GEORGE UNWIN MAP - ANNOTATED PROPOSED ALTERATIONS Principal proposed alterations to the parkland and architecture illustrated by the 1824 - Unwin map is as follows - 01 Except for a short stretch of driveway to the south-west of the house - Churchdale Lane has been eradicated 0303 02 Although the plantation abutting the Churchdale Lane survives. Churchdale Lane manifest again at Churchdale Hall. 0707 03 Extensive Woodlands and Shrubberies have been planted. 04 A lake had been constructed to the SE of the 0808 house. 05 The lake enlargement and an island. 06 A parterre and terrace has been proposed in 099 front of the southern elevation of the house. 1010 07 Sundry enclosures and extensions to the stables 0606 and farmyard. 0033 08 Minor outbuildings, walls and re-landscaping in the north yard. 0101 09 7KH)LVK3RQGGUDLQHGDQGWKH¿VKLQJSDYLOLRn moved. 10 Minor extensions to Gardeners Cottage. 0022 0101 0404 0303 0505 1824 - George Unwin-Ashford Map - Chatsworth ref. 2737 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 23 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1847 - ASHFORD COMPLETE MAP 1848 - ASHFORD TITHE MAP The 1847 Complete and 1848 Tithe maps are similar WRWKH8UZLQPDSEXWZLWKWKHIROORZLQJVLJQL¿FDQW estate alterations - 04 The Lake has been greatly enlarged 01 A second site-entrance has been provided from 05 Original water course discarded and re- the 1812 Birchhill Turnpike to serve the Farm. landscaped. (Unless a cartographic error) 03 06 The Gardeners Cottage with extensions to East 02 Southern entrance to the stables has been and West. relocated. Sundry enclosures and extensions have been added to the stables and farmyard. 07 Conservatory extended. 03 An animal shelter has been constructed in the 08 Minor extensions, walls and re-landscaping in the 011 South Pasture. north yard. 0202 0808 0606 0707 0505 0404 1847-Ashford Tithe Map - © DRO - D2360.3.30a 1848 Ashford Tithe Map Chatsworth ref. L0B8416 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 24 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1857 - ASHFORD TITHE MAP REVISED BY E. CAMPBELL 1857 - Plan of Ashford village - revised by E Campbell, Surveyor. Sydenham. The 1857 - Plan Of Ashford Village is similar to the 1848 Tithe Map but with the following alterations - 01 A new western access to the Farm. 02 A minor structure to the rear of the house 03 North yard - dog kennels? 04 An animal shelter? has been constructed against north elevation of the Walled Garden. 05 The Gardeners Cottage has been extended to the east. 06 To the Conservatory western extention added and northern extention demolished. 0404 0303 0505 0101 022 0606 1857-Ashford village-Revised by E Campbel - Chatsworth ref. L0B8416 © Chatsworth House Trust &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 25 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1879 - 1ST EDITION OS MAP The 1879 1st Edition Ordnance Survey illustrates the following alterations in comparison with the (DRO/ 87A/ P2 1) 1848 Tithe and 1857 Campbell maps - 01 Reintroduction of the original water-course to the Lake 02 Re-landscaping of the Lake entrance with an island. 03 A galleried-extension, to the Kitchen Wing to 06 provide a covered-staircase to the lower-yard and under-crofts. 0707 04 A Logia or Porte-Cochere to the east-elevation of he house in the lower-yard. 077 05 Further stores (possibly for fuel and game) to the lower-yard. 06 Animal Housing (Pigsty / Hen-houses) to the north of the Fish Pond. 07 Numerous conservatories and hot-frames to the 07 :DOOHG*DUGHQ DQGDGMDFHQWWRWKH*DUGHQ 09 08 A Pavilion within the Walled Garden and 09 $3DYLOLRQDGMDFHQWWRWKH+D+DHDVWRIWKH 08 Walled Garden 10 Vestibule and bay window added. 030 04 05 11 3RVVLEO\(VWDWH2I¿FHEHIRUHLWVUHORFDWLRQ 11 101 02 01 1879 - Ordnance Survey First Edition (OC) &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 26 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1898 - 2ND EDITION OS MAP The 1898 2nd Edition Ordnance Survey is similar to the 1879 1st Edition Ordnance Survey with the following variables - 01 Addition of a glazed ‘Porte-Cochere’ to the Stables Block. 02 Construction of a Billiard Room to the rear of the house 03 (VWDWHRI¿FH 04 Minor structure in Stable Yard. 05 Minor structure in position of former Fish-Pond and subsequently a landscaped area. 05 04 03 01 020 1898 - Ordnance Survey Second Edition (OC) &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 27 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1922 - 3RD EDITION OS MAP The 1922 3rd Edition Ordnance Survey is similar to the 1898 2nd Edition Ordnance Survey with the following variables - documented in detail at Chatsworth archive ref- 01 Alterations to the Animal Housing (Pigsty / Hen-houses) to the north of the Fish Pond. 02 Further minor structure in Stable Yard. 01 02 1922 - Ordnance Survey Third Edition &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 28 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1904 - ASHFORD HALL PLANS & SECTION &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 29 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1910 - ASHFORD HALL DRAINAGE PLAN &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 30 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 05 1900 - ASHFORD HALL - COTTAGE PLAN &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 31 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 06 - PHOTOGRAPH OF ASHFORD HALL - GARDEN FRONT © NMR &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 32 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 06 - PHOTOGRAPHS OF ASHFORD HALL c1992 - Ashford east end-PDNPA-c 1933 27th May - Times - Ashford Fete Derbyshire &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 33 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 07 - PHOTOGRAPH OF THE GARDENERS COTTAGE 25.11.1992 © NMR &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 34 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 08 - PHOTOGRAPH OF THE STABLE BLOCK (COACH HOUSE) © PNDPA © PNDPA © PNDPA © PNDPA &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 35 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 09 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 2017 SURVEY / EXISTING DRAWINGS Please refer to Historical Development Analysis. 2017 Topographical Survey - DRAFT &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 36 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 010 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS - ASHFORD HALL '͘ ͘Ϭϲ t'͘ϯϯ t'͘ϯϮ t'͘ϯϭ t'͘ϭϲ KĨĨŝĐĞ'͘ϭϰ t'͘ϯϰ >ŽďďLJ'͘ϯϬ '͘ ͘Ϭϱ '͘ϮϬ '͘ϭϵ '͘Ϯϴ t'͘ϯϬ t'͘Ϯϵ t'͘Ϯϴ ZĂĚ >ŝǀŝŶŐZŽŽŵ ^ƚĂŝƌ t t t'͘ϭϴ '͘ϭϴ '͘ϭϮ '͘Ϯϰ '͘Ϯϵ '͘Ϯϴ tĂƐŚƌŽŽŵ t'͘ϭϳ '͘Ϯϳ t'͘ϭϱ '͘ϭϳ '͘ϭϲ ŽƌƌŝĚŽƌ '͘ϭϱ ͘ϭϳϳϳ '͘Ϯϲ t'͘Ϯϳ '͘Ϯϳ ,Ăůů ϭϳϵϲͲϭϴϭϴ '͘Ϯϯ '͘ ͘Ϭϰ WĂŶƚƌLJ '͘ϭϭ t'͘ϭϰ t'͘ϭϵ ϭϳϵϲͲϭϴϭϴ;ĚĞŵŽůŝƚŝŽŶͿ '͘ϭϰ tĂƐŚƌŽŽŵ '͘Ϯϲ '͘ϮϮ ϭϴϭϴͲϭϴϮϰ t'͘Ϯϲ t '͘Ϯϱ '͘Ϯϯ '͘Ϯϭ '͘Ϯϰ ϭϴϮϰͲϭϴϰϴ t'͘ϮϬ t'͘ϭϯ '͘ϭϯ '͘ϮϮ <ŝƚĐŚĞŶ '͘ϭϬ ϭϴϰϴͲϭϴϱϳ t'͘Ϯϭ t'͘ϯϱ ŝůůŝĂƌĚƐZŽŽŵ ŽƌƌŝĚŽƌ '͘ϭϯ '͘Ϯϱ t'͘ϮϮ ϭϴϰϴͲϭϴϱϳ;ĚĞŵŽůŝƚŝŽŶͿ t'͘ϭϮ t'͘ϯϲ t'͘Ϯϱ ,Ăůů '͘ϮϬ ϭϴϱϳͲϭϴϳϵ t'͘Ϯϯ t'͘Ϯϰ ϭϴϱϳͲϭϴϳϵ;ĚĞŵŽůŝƚŝŽŶͿ '͘ϭϮ t'͘ϯϳ ^ŶƵŐ WĂƌůŽƵƌ ŽŽƚ '͘Ϯϭ KĨĨŝĐĞ ϭϴϱϳͲϭϴϳϵ;ĞŶƚƌĂŶĐĞǀĞƐƚŝďƵůĞ '͘Ϭϴ '͘Ϭϳ ZŽŽŵ '͘Ϭϱ ĂŶĚŐůĂnjĞĚƌŽŽĨƐĂĚĚĞĚͿ t'͘ϯϴ '͘Ϭϲ t'͘ϭϭ ϭϴϳϵͲϭϴϵϴ t'͘ϯϵ ,Ăůů t'͘ϰϱ t'͘ϰϰ t'͘ϰϯ t'͘ϰϮ t'͘ϰϭ t'͘ϰϬ '͘ϬϮ '͘Ϭϯ '͘ϭϵ '͘ϭϭ '͘ϭϬ ϭϴϳϵͲϭϴϵϴ;ĚĞŵŽůŝƚŝŽŶͬƌĞůŽĐĂƚĞĚͿ t'͘ϰϲ '͘Ϭϵ ŶƚƌĂŶĐĞ ,Ăůů '͘Ϭϵ '͘Ϭϭ '͘ϭϱ ,Ăůů ,Ăůů '͘ϭϲ '͘ϭϳ '͘ ͘Ϭϭ '͘Ϭϴ ϮϬƚŚĐĞŶƚƵƌLJĚĞŵŽůŝƚŝŽŶƐ ^ƚĂŝƌƐ t'͘ϭϬ '͘ϭϴ ϮϬƚŚĐĞŶƚƵƌLJĂůƚĞƌĂƚŝŽŶƐ '͘Ϭϳ ŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƚŽƌLJ ƌĂǁŝŶŐZŽŽŵ ,Ăůů ŝŶŝŶŐZŽŽŵ '͘Ϭϭ '͘ϬϮ '͘Ϭϯ '͘Ϭϰ t'͘ϰϳ '͘Ϭϰ t'͘Ϭϵ '͘Ϭϱ '͘Ϭϲ t'͘Ϭϭ t'͘ϬϮ t'͘Ϭϯ t'͘Ϭϰ t'͘Ϭϱ t'͘Ϭϲ'͘ ͘Ϭϯ t'͘Ϭϳ t'͘Ϭϴ '͘ ͘ϬϮ &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 37 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 11 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS - GARDENERS COTTAGE t'͘Ϭϰ t'͘Ϭϯ 'ĂƌĚĞŶĞƌΖƐ t'͘Ϭϲ t'͘Ϭϱ KƵƚďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ 'K͘ϬϮ '͘ ͘ϬϮ <ŝƚĐŚĞŶ 'ĂƌĚĞŶĞƌΖƐ '͘ϬϮ KƵƚďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ 'K͘Ϭϭ '͘ ͘Ϭϭ '͘Ϭϯ '͘ ͘Ϭϯ ,Ăůů '͘Ϭϭ '͘Ϭϯ '͘ϬϮ t'͘Ϭϴ 'ĂƌĚĞŶĞƌΖƐ KƵƚďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ŝŶŶŝŶŐZŽŽŵ >ŝǀŝŶŐZŽŽŵ 'K͘Ϭϯ '͘Ϭϭ '͘ϬϮ &ůŽŽƌďŽĂƌĚƐ '͘ ͘Ϭϰ t'͘Ϭϳ t'͘Ϭϭ t'͘ϬϮ ͘ϭϳϳϳ ϭϴϮϰͲϭϴϰϳ;ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌĚĞŵŽůŝƐŚĞĚͿ ϭϴϮϰͲϭϴϰϳ ϭϴϰϴͲϭϴϱϳ ϭϴϱϳͲϭϴϳϵ &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 38 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA 12 - CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS - STABLES BLOCK (COACH HOUSE) INDICATIVE DG.E.07 WG.04 DG.E.06 DG.E.08 Former Cartshed Utility Room G.08 G.07 G.09 Stables Stables Store Store Store G.02 G.01 G.03 G.04 G.05 WG.05 DG.02 DG.05 Stables DG.06 DG.01 DG.04 G.06 DG.03 WG.01 DG.E.01 WG.03 DG.E.02 DG.E.03 WG.02 DG.E.04 DG.E.05 Build between: C. 1777 1796 - 1818 1818 - 1824 1818 - 1824 (demolition) 1857 - 1879 1857 - 1879 ( demolition) 1879 - 1898 1879 - 1898 ( demolition) 20th century demolitions &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 39 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA APPENDIX A - BIBLIOGRAPHY • 1811 - DAVID PETER DAVIES - A NEW HISTORICAL DESCRIPTIVE VIEW OF • 1991 - MAXWELL CRAVEN & MICHAEL STANLEY - THE DERBYSHIRE DERBYSHIRE - PUBLISHER S. MASON. COUNTRY HOUSE - BREEDON BOOKS • 1815 - JOHN FAREY - A GENERAL VIEW OF THE AGRICULTURE OF • 1991 - MAXWELL CRAVEN - A DERBYSHIRE ARMORY - DERBYSHIRE DERBYSHIRE - B. MCMILLAN. VOL II P.492, 31 658. RECORD SOCIETY P11 • 1823 - REV. JAMES INGRAM - ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE • 1991 - JAMES LEES-MILNE - THE BACHELOR DUKE - 6TH DUKE OF DEVONSHIRE 190-1858 - JOHN MURRAY • 1846 - BAGSHAW, S.HISTORY - GAZETTEER AND DIRECTORY OF DERBYSHIRE. SHEFFIELD. • 1992 - DAVID CROSSLEY - THE LEAD-SMELTING MILLS OF DERBYSHIRE - DAJ 1991 PP 6-24 • 1857 - FRANCIS WHITE & CO - HISTORY, GAZETTEER & DIRECTORY OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY • 1993 - EDWARD SAUNDERS - JOSEPH PICKFORD OF DERBY - ALAN SUTTON PUBLISHING LTD. • 1892 - JOSEPH TILLEY - OLD HALLS, MANORS AND FAMILIES OF DERBYSHIRE - THE HIGH PEAK HUNDRED • 1995 -HOWARD COLVIN - A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS 1600-1840 - YALE UP • 1889 - JOHN PYM YEATMAN - FEUDAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF DERBYSHIRE - VOL. II.-SECTION III. THE HANSARD PUBLISHING UNION, • 2004 - A.E. & E.M. DODD - PEAKLAND ROAD & TRACKWAYS - LANDMARK LIMITED PUBLISHING. PP. 16, 46, 55-56, 111-112, 159-160, 168-171. • 1890 - JOHN PYM YEATMAN - FEUDAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF • 2004 - BARNATT, J. AND SMITH, K. - THE PEAK DISTRICT: LANDSCAPES DERBYSHIRE - VOL. II.-SECTION IV. THROUGH TIME. MACCLESFIELD: WINDGATHER PRESS. • 1895 - T. BULMER & CO - HISTORY, TOPOGRAPHY, AND DIRECTORY OF • 2008 - DAVID HEY - DERBYSHIRE A HISTORY. CARNEGIE PUBLISHING. DERBYSHIRE - T. SNAPE & CO. • 1906 - JEAYES, I. H. (ISAAC HERBERT) - DERBYSHIRE CHARTERS - BEMROSE & SONS LTD • 1959 - KENNETH CAMERON - THE PLACE-NAMES OF DERBYSHIRE: PART 1 - THE HIGH PEAK HUNDRED. CAMBRIDGE UP. • 1973 - LYNN WILLIES - THE BARKER FAMILY AND THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LEAD BUSINESS - DAJ 1973 PP 55-74 • 1975 - DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. PP.5,81791 - BURDETT’S MAP OF DERBYSHIRE. • 1989 - DAVID KIERNAN - THE DERBYSHIRE LEAD INDUSTRY - DERBYSHIRE RECORD SOCIETY • 1990 - JUDY EGERTON - WRIGHT OF DERBY - TATE GALLERY &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 40 of 41 Bench Architects 17187 – ASHFORD HALL www.bencharchitects.co.uk Ashford-in-the-Water, Derbyshire, DE45 1QA APPENDIX B - LISTING DESCRIPTIONS ASHFORD HALL STABLE BLOCK AT ASHFORD HALL GATE PIERS & WALLS SOUTH OF GARDENER’S COTTAGE & WALLS STABLE BLOCK GRADE II* GRADE II GRADE II GRADE II 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO SK 19 69 and PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER SK 19 69 PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER SK 19 69 PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER SK 20 69 PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER BASLOW ROAD SK 20 69 (East Side) 11/3 Ashford BASLOW ROAD 11/6 (East Side) 12.7.1967 Stableblock BASLOW ROAD 11/8 (East Side) Gate Piers and BASLOW ROAD 11/5 (East Side) Gardener’s house Hall 12.7.1967 II* at Ashford Hall GV II attached walls south of Stable- block at Ashford Hall and attached walls to north east of Ashford Hall GV II GV II GV Small Country House c1785, additions of c1840. Stableblock. Late C18 with C19 additions. Gritstone Gardener’s house and attached walls. Late C18. Ashlar Ashlar with gritstone dressings. Coursed squared ashlar and dressings. Hipped slate roof with lead Gate piers and attached walls. Late C18. Ashlar gritstone and gritstone dressings and quoins. Hipped, gritstone to sides and rear. Slate roof behind balustrade ÀDVKLQJ2QHVWRQHULGJHVWDFNRQHEULFNULGJHVWDFN gritstone and coursed squared gritstone, Short, square JUDGXDWHG VODWH URRI ZLWK OHDG ÀDVKLQJV 6WRQH ULGJH parapet. Stone ridge stacks. Bracketed eaves cornice. and one louvred cupola with pyramidal top. Plain eaves rusticated stone piers with domed tops. To centre, stacks with simple cornices. Plain eaves band and )LYHED\VWKUHHVWRUH\V5XVWLFDWHGJURXQGÀRRUZLWK band and plinth. Two storeys, four bay central section additional plain pilasters with scroll tops for attaching shallow plinth. Two storeys, two bays. Central full central doorcase of Tuscan columns and Adam-style with two bay single storey side wings. Central, slightly gates to. To other sides, attached stone walling with height tetrastyle portico in antis with Tuscan columns frieze with dentilled pediment over. Moulded semi- advanced pedimented bay with central semi-circular chamfered copings. Included for group value only. and plain pediment. Shallow walls between bases to circular headed arch below and double glazed doors. headed arch. Double plank doors with divided fanlight sides. Doorcases with stepped architraves to either side To either side, pairs of blind semi-circular arches with above. Continuous stringcourse at impost level. Later, Listing NGR: SK1994569758 inside portico. Venetian windows with plain stringcourse full height glazing bar sashes. Plain stringcourse at large glazed porch over, support on cast iron columns. 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO at impost level to either side. Flush aedicules, except impost level. Above, another plain stringcourse and To either side, similar arches with plank doors and over central light where stepped. Glazing bar sashes. EDQGRIÀXVKVWRQHZRUNEURNHQE\VL[EDOXVWHUSLODVWHUV divided fanlights. Plain stringcourse over. Beyond, Above, to either side, diocletian windows with stepped EHQHDWK HDFK ZLQGRZ 3ODLQ VLOO EDQG RYHU WR ¿YH to either side, double, stepped semi-circular headed aedicules. Central glazing bar sashes with small pane pediment glazing bar sashes with moulded architraves arches with blain pilasters between. Door with semi- side casements. Attached, curving espalier walls to and alternating segmental and pointed pediments. circular traceried fanlight over to either end. Semi- either side,of red brick,with courses of gritstone to west, $ERYHDJDLQ¿YHVKDOORZJOD]LQJEDUVDVKHVLQPRXOGHG circular window to sides. Above, in central block, four regular blocks of gritstone to east. Flat copings over. aedicules. To south, early C19 conservatory with semi- windows with skewback lintels and plain sill band. Doorways to either side of house. Steps up to eastern circular headed central door with two full-height, semi- Moulded pediment above with central oculus. door. At either end square gritstone piers with moulded circular headed windows either side. Raised fanlight to FRUQLFHVWRSSHGE\EDOO¿QLDOV ridge. Listing NGR: SK1994269771 Listing NGR: SK2009269857 Listing NGR: SK2000369760 CARTSHED AT REAR OF STABLE TERRACE, STEPS & WALLS TO SOUTH 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO BLOCK EAST OF HALL SK 19 69 and PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER GRADE II GRADE II 'DWH¿UVWOLVWHG -XO SK 19 69 PARISH OF ASHFORD IN THE WATER BASLOW ROAD SK 20 69 (East Side) 11/4 Terrace, BASLOW ROAD 11/7 (East Side) Cartshed to rear of steps and walls to south east of Ashford Hall GV II Stableblock at Ashford Hall GV II Terrace, steps and walls. Mid C19. Coursed limestone Cartshed. Early C19. Coursed limestone rubble with rubble and ashlar gritstone. Five feet high paved terrace gritstone dressings and quoins. Stone slate roof with along full width of Hall, bounded by limestone rubble three skylights. Stone coped gables with plain kneelers, ZDOOZLWKÀDWJULWVWRQHFRSLQJV7RHLWKHUHQGÀLJKWRI VPDOO ¿QLDOV WR ULGJH 6LQJOH VWRUH\ /DUJH VHJPHQWDO eight steps down to formal parte-terre. Beside steps, headed,arch with quoined surround, to east of centre. low Elizabethan-style walls with pierced stone circles Double plank stable doors. Regular pattern of breathers and semi-circular arcades, between square piers, to sides. Included for group value only. WRSSHGE\EDOO¿QLDOV,QFOXGHGIRUJURXSYDOXHRQO\ Listing NGR: SK1993269786 Listing NGR: SK2000869749 &XOWXUDO+HULWDJH$VVHVVPHQW +HULWDJH6LJQL¿FDQFH Page 41 of 41