DOCSLIB.ORG

Abanyasida: Emergent Subjectivities and Socialities in Rwandan Associations for People Living with Hiv Jennifer Ilo Van Nuil Wayne State University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Abanyasida: Emergent Subjectivities and Socialities in Rwandan Associations for People Living with Hiv Jennifer Ilo Van Nuil Wayne State University Wayne State University Wayne State University Dissertations 1-1-2015 Abanyasida: Emergent Subjectivities And Socialities In Rwandan Associations For People Living With Hiv Jennifer Ilo Van Nuil Wayne State University, Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Van Nuil, Jennifer Ilo, "Abanyasida: Emergent Subjectivities And Socialities In Rwandan Associations For People Living With Hiv" (2015). Wayne State University Dissertations. 1383. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/1383 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. ABANYASIDA: EMERGENT SUBJECTIVITIES AND SOCIALITIES IN RWANDAN ASSOCIATIONS FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV by JENNIFER ILO VAN NUIL DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2015 MAJOR: ANTHROPOLOGY Approved By: _________________________________________ Advisor Date _________________________________________ _________________________________________ __________________________________________ © COPYRIGHT BY JENNIFER ILO VAN NUIL 2015 All Rights Reserved DEDICATION For my grandmother, Wave Bearl Heyboer and the members of all the Rwandan HIV support associations ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are so many people who have assisted in the completion of this work both academically and emotionally. This process was isolating and challenging and I was fortunate to have a solid support network. Without the academic and personal support of so many mentors and friends I never would have succeeded in writing this dissertation and completing my doctorate degree. First I would like to extend my extreme gratitude to Dr. Andrea Sankar, my advisor and mentor. Andrea diligently read and reread countless reworking of these data and this work would not have been possible without her guidance and encouragement. I also deeply appreciate the comments and critique from my committee, Dr. Mark Luborsky, Dr. Todd Meyers, and Dr. Julia Gluesing. Each one gave me valuable insight for this work and helped me to not only think critically about my research topics but also place my work within the larger field of anthropology. The critique was not always easy to hear but it certainly made this dissertation stronger and for that, I am forever grateful. I also thank Jennifer Wesson, my in-country advisor and dear friend, who provided so much support. Our weekly meetings gave me insight and perspective. I also want to express my gratitude to the employees at FHI Rwanda who graciously provided an office within their Research House for me to work and hold meetings. The Research House staff, especially Emmanuel Munyambanza, provided constant advice throughout my data collection period. I also thank Felicien Rusagara, my research assistant. Felicien helped me to gain access to the associations and was instrumental in the success of the data collection. My fellow researchers in Rwanda and abroad gave me the motivation to continue writing: Josefine Larsen, Evelyne iii Kestlyn, Benjamin Chemouni, Monica Rodriguez, and many others. Your encouragement was priceless. I extend my thanks to my family and close friends in USA. It was not easy being far from home while I created a whole new life in Rwanda. I thank my parents and younger sister who traveled to Rwanda more than once to visit and experience Rwanda. I met my dear husband, Peterson Gasangwa, during my time in Rwanda so I will always remember that this experience resulted not only in an academic accomplishment but also a very personal bond. Peterson was very patient with me during endless nights of writing, reading, talking, and simply trying to understand what it all meant. I also acknowledge my firstborn son, Alden Ilo Gasangwa, who was born at the end of this journey. Alden taught me how to type one-handed while nursing and changed my perspective about life, as I became a mother in Rwanda. The research would not have been possible without financial support. I received funding from the following institutions over the course of the research: Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University (2008), Aswad Travel Award, Wayne State University (2009), Family Health International Rwanda (2009), Foreign Language Area Studies (FLAS), US Department of Education (2010), Rumble Fellowship, Wayne State University (2012-2013) and the Department of Anthropology and Institute of Gerontology funding received in between for my coursework. I held a research position in Rwanda from 2013 - 2014 with the University of Liverpool working with Dr. Janneke van de Wijgert making it possible to remain in Rwanda working on new and exciting research while also writing my dissertation. Finally and importantly, the work would not have been possible without the support of RRP+ and the members of the associations who allowed me to experience their lives for a short while. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 Abanyasida......................................................................................................................1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................1 Methodology..............................................................................................................................23 Outline........................................................................................................................................26 Chapter 2 History and Context .....................................................................................................30 Gushyirahamwe ni byiza [To come together is great] ...............................................................30 The rise of Rwanda ....................................................................................................................32 The hills of Rwanda...................................................................................................................34 Ethnic divide ..............................................................................................................................38 Kinyarwanda:*the*language*that*unites* ......................................................................................40 Colonialism, Independence, and Genocide................................................................................40 The aftermath.............................................................................................................................47 Rwanda after year 2000 .............................................................................................................48 Home grown solutions ...............................................................................................................50 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................52 Chapter 3 Sample ..........................................................................................................................54 Introduction................................................................................................................................54 Site selection ..............................................................................................................................55 v Permission from the community................................................................................................59 Description of sites ....................................................................................................................62 Home visits ................................................................................................................................70 Chapter 4 The State of the Ishyirahamwe .....................................................................................76 Introduction to amashyirahamwe ..............................................................................................76 The first amashyirahamwe and RRP+ .......................................................................................82 Ishyirahamwe activities .............................................................................................................93 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................96 Chapter 5 Coming Together ..........................................................................................................97 Introduction................................................................................................................................97
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Genocide, Citizenship and Political Identity Crisis in Postcolonial Africa: Rwanda As Case Study
    Genocide, Citizenship and Political Identity Crisis in Postcolonial Africa: Rwanda as Case Study By Faith R. Simbi Student Number 206525522 Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Social Science in International Relations, School of Politics, Faculty of Humanities, Development and Social Science at the University of KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Supervisor: Doctor Alison Jones 2012 1 | P a g e ACRONYMS AU African Union AU African Unity BBTG Broad-Based Transitional Government CDR Coalition pour le Defense de la Republique DRC Democratic Republic of Congo FRODEBU Front for Democracy in Burundi MDR Movement Democratique Republician MNRD Movement National pour la Revolution et le Development NRA National Resistance Army NRMD National Revolutionary Movement for Development OAU Organization of African Union PARMEHUTU Parti du Mouvement de l‟ Emancipation Hutu PL Parti Liberal PSD Parti Social Democrate RANU Rwanda Alliance for National Unity RPA Popular Resistance Army RPF Rwandan Patriotic Front RRWA Rwanda Refugees Welfare Association RTML Radio Television Libre des Mille Collines TANU Tanganyika African National Union UN United Nations UNAR Union Nationale Rwandaise UNHRCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 2 | P a g e Declaration I, Faith Rumbidzai Simbi declare that this dissertation is my own original work. Student: Faith Simbi ------------------------------ Supervisor : Dr. Alison Jones: ------------------------------ 3 | P a g e ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to thank God for giving me the strength and the ability to complete my thesis. Secondly, my greatest appreciation goes to my supervisor Doctor Alison Jones for her guidance, encouragement and support. Without her comments and insights, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Gender Profile: Rwanda Final Report
    Country Gender Profile: Rwanda Final Report December 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY EI (JICA) JR Gyros Corporation 13-172 The views expressed in this book are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of JICA. JICA does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accept no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Table of Contents Rwanda Summary ................................................................................................................................. ii List of Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. vi Map ...................................................................................................................................... viii 1. Basic Profiles ....................................................................................................................... 1 1-1 Socio-Economic Profile ............................................................................................... 1 1-2 Health Profile ............................................................................................................. 3 1-3 Education Profile ........................................................................................................ 4 1-4 Millennium Development Goals（MDG） .................................................................. 5 2. General Situation of Women and Government Policy on Gender ........................................
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Barbara Dissertation Template
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Iron Mothers and Warrior Lovers: Intimacy, Power, and the State in the Nyiginya Kingdom, 1796-1913 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Sarah Elizabeth Watkins Committee in charge: Professor Stephan F. Miescher, Chair Professor Mhoze Chikowero Professor Erika Rappaport Professor Leila Rupp June 2014 The dissertation of Sarah E. Watkins is approved. _____________________________________________ Mhoze Chikowero _____________________________________________ Erika Rappaport ____________________________________________ Leila Rupp ____________________________________________ Stephan F. Miescher, Committee Chair May 2014 Iron Mothers and Warrior Lovers: Intimacy, Power, and the State in the Nyiginya Kingdom, 1796-1913 Copyright © 2014 by Sarah Elizabeth Watkins iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS While responsibility for the end result of this work rests with me, its creation would not have been possible without the support and dedication of many others. For their intellectual and moral support through the preparation and writing of this dissertation, I want to thank Stephan Miescher, my advisor, and Mhoze Chikowero, Erika Rappaport, and Leila Rupp, for agreeing to shepherd me through this process. Writing a dissertation can be excruciating, but having such a supportive and engaged committee makes all the difference. For their mentorship during my research and writing in Rwanda, I want to thank David Newbury, Catharine Newbury, Rose-Marie Mukarutabana, Bernard Rutikanga, and Jennie Burnet, as well as the Faculty of History at the National University of Rwanda. Their insights have sharpened my analysis, and consistently challenged me to engage more deeply with the sources, as well as to consider the broader context of the stories with which I am so fascinated.
    [Show full text]
  • Power and Politics in Precolonial Rwanda
    DYNAMICS OF DISCOURSE: POWER AND POLITICS IN PRECOLONIAL RWANDA _______________________________________ A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia _______________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts _____________________________________________________ by COLIN MCMILLIN Dr. Robert M. Baum, Thesis Supervisor DECEMBER 2014 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled DYNAMICS OF DISCOURSE: POWER AND CULTURE IN PRECOLONIAL RWANDA presented by Colin McMillin a candidate for the degree of Master of Arts, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Robert M. Baum Professor Nathan C. Hofer Professor Ibitola Pearce ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For the guidance, support, and encouragement without which this work would never have been able to exist, I wish to thank first and foremost Robert M. Baum, who invited and introduced me to the study of African religions and who was chair of my thesis defense committee. Thanks also to the other committee members, Nathan C. Hofer, Ibitola Pearce, and Dennis F. Kelley. Additionally, for help and advice in this and other aspects of the academic field of religion, thanks to Richard J. Callahan, Rabia Gregory, Justin Arft, Nathan Desrosiers, Bob Flanagan, Daniel Cohen, Signe Cohen, Edward Drott, and my other professors and friends in the Religious Studies Department at the University of Missouri-Columbia. Each of you has contributed along the way to my thinking about this problem and about the field of religion in general. Thank you all. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………...ii Introduction: Re-framing the Conflict between “Tutsi” and “Hutu” ................................
    [Show full text]
  • The American Media During the Rwandan Genocide of 1994
    University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2013 Too Few Voices, Too Many Distractions, Too Little Concern, Too Little Understanding: The American Media During The Rwandan Genocide Of 1994 Skip-Thomas Parrish University of Central Florida Part of the History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Parrish, Skip-Thomas, "Too Few Voices, Too Many Distractions, Too Little Concern, Too Little Understanding: The American Media During The Rwandan Genocide Of 1994" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 2874. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2874 TOO FEW VOICES; TOO MANY DISTRACTIONS; TOO LITTLE UNDERSTANDING: THE AMERICAN MEDIA DURING THE RWANDAN GENOCIDE OF 1994 by SKIP-THOMAS PARRISH B.A. University of Central Florida, 2002 A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 2013 ABSTRACT Too Few Voices; Too Many Distractions; Too Little Understanding: the American Media During the Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Upwards of one million people died during the Genocide, Civil War, and Refugee Crisis in Rwanda and surrounding nations, during one of the fastest Genocides to occur in modern history.
    [Show full text]
  • Implantation and Growth of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in Rwanda (1919-2000)
    IMPLANTATION AND GROWTH OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH IN RWANDA (1919-2000) By NGABO BIRIKUNZIRA JEROME Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF THEOLOGY In the subject CHURCH HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: Prof M J S MADISE AUGUST 2008 ********************** DECLARATION I declare that “Implantation and Growth of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Rwanda (1919-2000)” is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. Signature: NAMES: Ngabo Birikunzira Jérôme ii ABSTRACT In this research, I have attempted to show how the Seventh-day Adventist Church originated in America during the 19th century, following a spiritual revival centered on the eschatology propounded by the Millerite Movement, which proclaimed the return of Christ in 1844. After the disappointment and the defection of its members, the remainder formed the nucleus of Adventists. They believed in the mission to proclaim the Second Coming of Jesus to the world, without fixing the dates. The Adventists reached Europe and from there Rwanda in the persons of two missionaries during 1919. In spite of various difficulties, they founded three mission stations to be used as a base for their growth. They integrated faith in education and medical work while, in particular, involving laity in evangelism, which was the key to their success. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR Ve TARİH Yıllık Uluslararası Hukuk Ve Tarih Dergisi INTERNATIONAL CRIMES and HISTORY
    ISSN: 1306-9136 ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR ve TARİH Yıllık Uluslararası Hukuk ve Tarih Dergisi INTERNATIONAL CRIMES and HISTORY Annual International Law and History Journal sayı / issue Orta Asya’da Tarihsel Kimlikler ve Çatışma Pınar KÖKSAL 21 Avrupa Birliği’ne Üyelik Yolunda Türkiye’nin Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesini Kuran Roma Statüsüne Taraf Olmasının Yeri 2020 Çiğdem AKIN Milan Nedić İktidarında Sırp Toplumunda Düşman İnşası Propagandasına Yönelik Bir İnceleme Özkan AVCI - Caner ÇAKI Suç, Cezalandırma ve Hapishanelerde Bir Disiplin Aracı Olarak Kullanılan İletişim Olgusu Arda Umut SAYGIN An Evaluation Regarding the Role of France in Rwanda in the Light of Recent Developments Ceyda ACİCBE İbn Haldun’un Siyaset Teorisi Bağlamında Mançu Devleti’nin Çinlileşmesi Gülperi GÜNGÖR RAPOR / REPORT Bir İnsanlık Trajedisi: Kuzey Amerika Kızılderililerinin Trajik Öyküsü Ömer ZEYTİNOĞLU KİTAP İNCELEMELERİ / BOOK REVIEWS ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR VE TARİH INTERNATIONAL CRIMES AND HISTORY Yıllık Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi Annual International Peer-Reviewed Journal 2020, Sayı / Issue: 21 ISSN: 1306-9136 EDİTÖR / EDITOR E. Büyükelçi - Ambassador (R) Alev KILIÇ SORUMLU YAZI İŞLERİ MÜDÜRÜ / MANAGING EDITOR Teoman Ertuğrul TULUN İMTİYAZ SAHİBİ / LICENSEE AVRASYA BİR VAKFI (1993) Bu yayın, Avrasya Bir Vakfı adına, Avrasya İncelemeleri Merkezi tarafından hazırlanmaktadır. This publication is edited by Center for Eurasian Studies on behalf of Avrasya Bir Vakfı. YAYIN KURULU / EDITORIAL BOARD Alfabetik Sıra ile / In Alphabetic Order Prof. Dr. Ayşegül AYDINGÜN Prof. Dr. Cemalettin TAŞKIRAN (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi) (Gazi Üniversitesi) Prof. Dr. Sadi ÇAYCI Prof. Dr. Durmuş TEZCAN (Başkent Üniversitesi) (İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi) Prof. Dr. Birgül DEMİRTAŞ Prof. Dr. Ömer TURAN (Türk-Alman Üniversitesi) (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi) E. Büyükelçi / Ambassador (R) Bilal ŞİMŞİR (Tarihçi-Yazar) YAYIN SAHİBİ / PUBLISHER Hazel ÇAĞAN ELBİR YAYIN İDARE MERKEZİ / PUBLICATION OFFICE Terazi Yayıncılık Bas.
    [Show full text]
  • UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Memorializing the Genocide of the Tutsi Through Literature, Song and Performance Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2j23t4n3 Author Mueller, Anne Goullaud Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Memorializing the Genocide of the Tutsi Through Literature, Song, and Performance A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in French and Francophone Studies by Anne Goullaud Mueller 2016 © Copyright by Anne Goullaud Mueller 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Memorializing the Genocide of the Tutsi Through Literature, Song, and Performance by Anne Goullaud Mueller Doctor of Philosophy in French and Francophone Studies University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Dominic R. Thomas, Chair “Memorializing the Genocide of the Tutsi Through Literature, Song, and Performance” examines how the 1994 Rwandan genocide has been commemorated in literature, music, and theater performances. Over the past twenty years, in the goal of reconciliation, the Rwandan government has developed a single acceptable narrative of the atrocity; this discourse is enacted and perpetuated through cultural practices (such as yearly commemoration events and marches) and through selective silencing (discussions of ethnicity are illegal in Rwanda). Far from smoothing over the troubles of the past, this rewriting of Rwandan history creates a set of complex challenges for the scholar seeking to interpret representations of genocide, particularly insofar as the cultural texts in question produce counter narratives that question both the official story and their own capacity to represent the trauma of ethnic cleansing.
    [Show full text]
  • ECFG Rwanda 2021R.Pdf
    About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information contained within will help you understand the cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success.. ECFG The guide consists of 2 parts: Part 1 introduces “Culture General,” the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any Rwanda global environment. Part 2 presents “Culture Specific” Rwanda, focusing on unique cultural features of Rwandan society and is designed to complement other pre- deployment training. It applies culture-general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at www.airuniversity.af.edu/AFCLC/ or contact AFCLC’s Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the expressed permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources as indicated. GENERAL CULTURE CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments. A culture is the sum of all of the beliefs, values, behaviors, and symbols that have meaning for a society. All human beings have culture, and individuals within a culture share a general set of beliefs and values.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Direct Investment in Uganda and Rwanda; a Cross-Country Analysis
    M.Sc. International Business Foreign Direct Investment in Uganda and Rwanda; a Cross-Country Analysis Christoph Kissel 15/12/2013 M.Sc. Thesis Foreign Direct Investment in Uganda and Rwanda; a Cross-Country Analysis M.Sc. International Business Reykjavik University Author Christoph Kissel Examiner Prof. Dr. Gerhard Apfelthaler Date December 15, 2013 Keywords: Uganda, Rwanda, Foreign Direct Investment, Globalization, Economic and Political Risk Declaration of Research Work Integrity This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature of any degree. This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. By signing the present document, I confirm and agree that I have read RU’s ethics code of conduct and fully understand the consequences of violating these rules in regards of my thesis. December 15, 2013, Leonberg, Germany Christoph Kissel (Kennitala 050182-3129) i Abstract This thesis has been written to delineate motivational factors and country-related opportunities and constraints of foreign investors who run a subsidiary in Rwanda or Uganda with the intention of discussing why foreign entities are investing in either of the two countries and what market entry modes and strategies are used. This document’s results intend to help foreign enterprises in deciding why, how and where either of the two countries’ markets could be entered via FDI. The first chapter contains the study’s objectives, its research questions and problem statement – which is: “if drivers exceed restraining forces, foreign entities choose Rwanda and/or Uganda as a destination for FDI”.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines on Dealing with Collections from Colonial Contexts
    Guidelines on Dealing with Collections from Colonial Contexts Guidelines on Dealing with Collections from Colonial Contexts Imprint Guidelines on Dealing with Collections from Colonial Contexts Publisher: German Museums Association Contributing editors and authors: Working Group on behalf of the Board of the German Museums Association: Wiebke Ahrndt (Chair), Hans-Jörg Czech, Jonathan Fine, Larissa Förster, Michael Geißdorf, Matthias Glaubrecht, Katarina Horst, Melanie Kölling, Silke Reuther, Anja Schaluschke, Carola Thielecke, Hilke Thode-Arora, Anne Wesche, Jürgen Zimmerer External authors: Veit Didczuneit, Christoph Grunenberg Cover page: Two ancestor figures, Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea, about 1900, © Übersee-Museum Bremen, photo: Volker Beinhorn Editing (German Edition): Sabine Lang Editing (English Edition*): TechniText Translations Translation: Translation service of the German Federal Foreign Office Design: blum design und kommunikation GmbH, Hamburg Printing: primeline print berlin GmbH, Berlin Funded by * parts edited: Foreword, Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Background Information 4.4, Recommendations 5.2. Category 1 Returning museum objects © German Museums Association, Berlin, July 2018 ISBN 978-3-9819866-0-0 Content 4 Foreword – A preliminary contribution to an essential discussion 6 1. Introduction – An interdisciplinary guide to active engagement with collections from colonial contexts 9 2. Addressees and terminology 9 2.1 For whom are these guidelines intended? 9 2.2 What are historically and culturally sensitive objects? 11 2.3 What is the temporal and geographic scope of these guidelines? 11 2.4 What is meant by “colonial contexts”? 16 3. Categories of colonial contexts 16 Category 1: Objects from formal colonial rule contexts 18 Category 2: Objects from colonial contexts outside formal colonial rule 21 Category 3: Objects that reflect colonialism 23 3.1 Conclusion 23 3.2 Prioritisation when examining collections 24 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and the Genocide in Rwanda
    Gender and the Genocide in Rwanda This book examines the mobilization, role, and trajectory of women rescuers and perpetrators during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. While much has been written about the victimization of women during the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, very little has been said about women who rescued targeted victims or perpetrated crimes against humanity. This book explores and analyzes the role played by women who exercised agency as rescuers and as per- petrators during the genocide in Rwanda. As women, they took actions and deci- sions within the context of a deeply entrenched patriarchal system that limited their choices. This work examines two diverging paths of women’s agency during this period: to rescue from genocide or to perpetrate genocide. It seeks to answer three questions: First, how were certain Rwandan women mobilized to parti- cipate in genocide, and by whom? Second, what were the specific actions of women during this period of violence and upheaval? Finally, what were the tra- jectories of women rescuers and perpetrators after the genocide? Comparing and contrasting how women rescuers and perpetrators were mobilized, the actions they undertook, and their post- genocide trajectories, and concluding with a broader discussion of the long- term impact of ignoring these women, this book develops a more nuanced and holistic view of women’s agency and the genocide in Rwanda. This book will be of interest to students of gender studies, genocide studies, African politics and critical security studies. Sara E. Brown is a Fellow at the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, and has a PhD in Comparative Genocide Studies from Clark University, USA.
    [Show full text]