DOCSLIB.ORG

Icthyofauna of Genus: Channa Scopoli 1777, Recorded in River Siang of Arunachal Pradesh, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Icthyofauna of Genus: Channa Scopoli 1777, Recorded in River Siang of Arunachal Pradesh, India IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 Icthyofauna of Genus: Channa Scopoli 1777, recorded in River Siang of Arunachal Pradesh, India 1* 2 3 Biplab Kumar DasP ,P Hiranya Chamuah SaikiaP ,P and Devashish KarP 1. Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam – 788011 (India). 2. Department of Zoology, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji, Assam - 787057 (India). 3. Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam – 788011 (India). ABSTRACT Channa is a genus of the Channidae family of snakehead fish. This genus contains 34 scientifically described species, but in River Siang we recorded Channa gachua, Channa marulius , Channa orieantalis, Channa punctata and Channa stewartii. Apart from their importance as a food fish, snakeheads are also consumed as a therapeutic for wound healing as well as reducing post-operative pain and discomfort, and collected for the international aquarium pet trade. The diets of various species of Channa include fish, frogs, snakes, rodents, birds, and insects. Some can move on land like snakes, and breathe air. Snakeheads amorphologically unique groups of freshwater fishes, they are highly priced and are in good demand in North-East India. Species of snakeheads can be distinguished based on coloration, meristics, morphometrics as well as the distributions of scales on the underside of the lower jaw, the shape of snakehead and the morphology of the supra-branchial organs. Keywords: Channa, Channidae, River Siang, Arunachal Pradesh. 185 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 INTRODUCTION st River Siang, a hill-stream of 1P P order river; had colluvial valley segment and pool-riffle type of reach. Pools, riffles and runs were generally found to dominate the micro-habitat type with frequent occurrence of trench pools. River Siang was said to be more entrenched based on V-shaped valley segment. The substrate type had been found to be dominated by gravels and cobbles with frequently occurring quite large number of boulders and some bed rocks. River Siang was the unique in the ichthyofaunal diversity. Fish sampling was carried out with the help of different kinds of nets such as cast net, gill net and traps, lines and hooks, etc. More than 50% of fish species of River Siang belongs to the Order Cypriniformes whereas other fishes were represented by the Orders viz., Siluriformes, Perciformes, Clupeiformes, Synbranchiformes, Osteoglossiformes, Tetradontiformes and Beloniformes. In the present study on fish diversity, it was revealed that the number of fishes was recorded higher in pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons in all the study years. In this regard, the present objective is the numbers of different species of Channa are available in River Siang of Arunachal Pradesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Study Site The River Siang, is largest river of Brahmaputra river system, originates from Chema Yungdung Glacier near Kubi at 5150 m in Tibet. In Tibet it is popularly known as Tsang-Po, flows in West–East direction. After traversing a distance of about 1625 km river in Tibet and then it takes a turn in south direction, enters the territory of India near Tuting in the Upper Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh and flows through North–South direction in East Siang district 186 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 towards Assam and finally it merges with Lohit and Dibang in Assam and it becomes the mighty River Brahmaputra (Das et. al. 2014 a, b; Das and Kar 2015) (Figure 1). C A B Fig 1: Map of (A) India indicating Arunachal Pradesh, (B) Arunachal Pradesh indicating to East Siang District, (C) In East Siang district highlighting River Siang (Study Area) of Arunachal Pradesh. 2.2. Freshwater Survey Fish samples were collected from River Siang during January 2012 to December 2014 through experimental fishing; using cast nets (dia.3.7 m and 1.0 m), gill nets (vertical height 1.0 m- 1.5 m; length 100 m -150 m), drag nets (vertical height 2.0 m), triangular scoop nets (vertical height 1.0 m) and a variety of traps and with hook and lines in certain places (where netting is not possible). River was surveyed and classified into different habitat units based on morphology (Bisson et al., 1982) and finally divided in to six (6) different study sites covering upstream, mid-stream and downstream stretches of the river. General survey of the fish biodiversity was done using standard procedures (Armontrout, 1990). 187 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 2.3. Fish Measurement The morphometric study included measurement of Total length (TL), Standard length (SL). Body depth (BD) Snout length, Post orbital length, Head length (HL), Pre dorsal length, Prepelvic distance, Eye diameter (ED), length of Caudal Peduncle, and Length of caudal fin. SL was the distance from the tip of the snout to the mid base of the caudal fin and TL was the distance from the tip snout to the furthest tip of the caudal fin. BD was the greatest vertical distance across the body. The measurements were done using Vernier Calliper Scale and Digital Sartorious Electronic Balance. 2.4. Fish Preservation and Identification Fish species had been preserved, at first, in concentrated formaldehyde in the field. After that, the fishes were transferred to laboratory and preserved in 10 % formalin. The small size fishes were preserved in 5% aqueous formalin solution and big size fishes in 10% aqueous formalin solution and kept in the air-tight plastic bottles. InU the laboratory, the fishesU were identified by following standard literature, notably, Day (1878), Rainboth (1996), Sen (2000), Talwar and Jhingran (1991), Jayaram (1999, 2010), Nath and Dey (1997, 2000), Vishwanath (2000, 2002), and Kar (2007, 2013) and www.fishbase.org31TU .U31T All the fishes were kept in the Assam University Fish Museum (AUFM) for preservation and record. After labeling the fishes were drawn and photographed with the help of digital camera (Nikon Coolpix L-810). 188 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In River Siang we had recorded Channa gachua, Channa marulius, Channa orieantalis, Channa punctata and Channa stewartii. They are described as follows: 3. Genus: Channa Scopoli 1777 Channa Scopoli, Intro. Hist. Nat., 1777, p. 459 (type- species, Channa orientalis Bloch and Schneider, by subsequent designation).-Ophicephalus Bloch, 1793, Naturges. ausland. Fische, p. 137 (type-species, Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch, by subsequent designation). Diagnosis: Body elongated, subcylindrical anteriorly. Abdomen rounded. Head large, depressed with plate like scales. Snout somewhat obtuse. Eyes lateral and moderate, in anterior part of head, not visible from below ventral surface. Dorsal fin long, inserted almost above pectoral fins with 35 rays and no spine. Anal fin long, with 22 rays. Both dorsal and anal fins were free from caudal. Caudal fin rounded. Scales small, cycloid or ctenoid; scales on head larger on body and with concentric rings towards their margin. Lateral line almost interrupted with 40 scales. 3.1. Channa gachua (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) Key to Species: White dorsal, anal and caudal margins; 3 scales between the lateral line and the base of the anterior dorsal rays; relatively small size (Figure 2 and Plate 1). Figure 2: Channa gachua Plate 1: Channa gachua 189 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 Snout length = 0.9 cm, Post orbital length = 1.3 cm, Head length = 6.7 cm, Pre-dorsal length = 4.2 cm, Pre-pelvic distance = 4.5 cm, Standard length = 11.4 cm, Total length = 13.2 cm, Eye diameter = 0.6 cm, Length of caudal peduncle = 1.1 cm, Length of caudal fin = 2.3 cm, Body depth = 2.5 cm and Weight = 29.26 g. Distribution: Through out Brahmaputra, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Thailand. 3. 2. Channa marulius (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) Key to Species: 10 scales between orbit and angle of preopercle, 16 predorsal scales. No such colour markings on lateral line. A black white-edged ocellus on basal portion of caudal fin present (Figure 3 and Plate 2). Figure 3: Channa marulius Plate 2: Channa marulius Snout length = 0.9 cm, Post orbital length = 1.3 cm, Head length = 6.7 cm, Pre-dorsal length = 4.2 cm, Pre-pelvic distance = 4.5 cm, Standard length = 11.4 cm, Total length = 18.6 cm, Eye diameter = 0.6 cm, Length of caudal peduncle = 1.1 cm, Length of caudal fin = 2.3 cm, Body depth = 2.5 cm and Weight = 109.26 g. Distribution: Throughout River Siang, River Brahmaputra of India. Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand. 190 IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 9, September 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 3. 3. Channa orientalis Bloch and Schneider, 1801 Key to Species: 12 predorsal scales. Pelvic fin less than half length of pectoral fin. Anal fin with 22 rays. Dorsal fin with 35 scales (Figure 4 and Plate 3). Figure 4: Channa orientalis Plate 3: Channa orientalis Snout length = 0.9 cm, Post orbital length = 1.3 cm, Head length = 6.7 cm, Pre-dorsal length = 4.2 cm, Pre-pelvic distance = 4.5 cm, Standard length = 11.4 cm, Total length = 13.2 cm, Eye diameter = 0.6 cm, Length of caudal peduncle = 1.1 cm, Length of caudal fin = 2.3 cm, Body depth = 2.5 cm and Weight = 29.26 g.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Snakeheadsnepal Pakistan − (Pisces,India Channidae) PACIFIC OCEAN a Biologicalmyanmar Synopsis Vietnam
    Mongolia North Korea Afghan- China South Japan istan Korea Iran SnakeheadsNepal Pakistan − (Pisces,India Channidae) PACIFIC OCEAN A BiologicalMyanmar Synopsis Vietnam and Risk Assessment Philippines Thailand Malaysia INDIAN OCEAN Indonesia Indonesia U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1251 SNAKEHEADS (Pisces, Channidae)— A Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment By Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1251 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES G. GROAT, Director Use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Copyrighted material reprinted with permission. 2004 For additional information write to: Walter R. Courtenay, Jr. Florida Integrated Science Center U.S. Geological Survey 7920 N.W. 71st Street Gainesville, Florida 32653 For additional copies please contact: U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services Box 25286 Denver, Colorado 80225-0286 Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams Snakeheads (Pisces, Channidae)—A Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment / by Walter R. Courtenay, Jr., and James D. Williams p. cm. — (U.S. Geological Survey circular ; 1251) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN.0-607-93720 (alk. paper) 1. Snakeheads — Pisces, Channidae— Invasive Species 2. Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment. Title. II. Series. QL653.N8D64 2004 597.8’09768’89—dc22 CONTENTS Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Literature Review and Background Information . 4 Taxonomy and Synonymy .
    [Show full text]
  • Spatio-Temporal Variation of Fish Assemblages in Babai River of Dang District, Province No. 5, Nepal
    Our Nature | December 2019 | 17 (1): 19-30 Spatio-temporal variation of fish assemblages in Babai River of Dang district, Province No. 5, Nepal Punam G.C and Jash Hang Limbu Central Department of Zoology, T.U., Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages were investigated seasonally from October 2018 to May 2019. Fish assemblages were agglomerated with environmental variables both to spatial and temporal scales. Water temperature, dissolved Oygen, free carbon-dioxide, pH and water velocity of water of each site were measured. Based on analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), fish assemblages were significantly different in spatial variation but not in temporal variation. A total of 1,024 individuals belonging to 5 orders, 9 families and 15 genera and 24 species were collected. The dominated species were Puntius sophore, followed by P. terio, P. ticto and Barilius bendelisis. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) vindicated that environmental variables of water temperature, pH, water velocity and free carbon-dioxide were found to be contributed variables to shape the fish assemblage structure of Babai River. The cluster analysis delineated that similarity between fish species decreases as the distance of sites increased. Keywords: Babai River, Cluster, Fish Diversity, RDA, Spatio-Temporal Pattern DOI: http://doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33988 Manuscript details: Received: 11.8.2019 / Accepted: 26.11.2019 Citation: G.C. P. and J.H. Limbu. Spatio-temporal variation of fish assemblages in Babai River of Dang district, Province No. 5, Nepal Our Nature 17 (1): 19-30. DOI: http://doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33988 Copyright: G.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Channa Brahmacharyi Sp. Nov., a New Species of Dwarf Snakehead from Meghalaya, North-East India (Teleostei: Channidae)
    NEW SPECIES Vol. 21, Issue 67, 2020 NEW SPECIES ARTICLE ISSN 2319–5746 EISSN 2319–5754 Species Channa brahmacharyi sp. nov., a new species of dwarf snakehead from Meghalaya, North-East India (Teleostei: Channidae) Priyankar Chakraborty1, Kranti Yardi1, Prasun Mukherjee2 1Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment and Education Research, Bharati Vidyapeeth (deemed to be) University, Pune, India 411043 2School of Water Resources Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India-700031 Author Contributions- All authors equally contributed to the study Corresponding author: Bharati Vidyapeeth Institute of Environment and Education Research, Bharati Vidyapeeth (deemed to be) University, Pune, India 411043. Email: [email protected], +91 8335946771 Article History Received: 26 December 2019 Accepted: 17 February 2020 Published: February 2020 Citation Priyankar Chakraborty, Kranti Yardi, Prasun Mukherjee. Channa brahmacharyi sp. nov., a new species of dwarf snakehead from Meghalaya, North-East India (Teleostei: Channidae). Species, 2020, 21(67), 101-108 Publication License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. General Note Article is recommended to print as color digital version in recycled paper. ABSTRACT 101 A new species of snakehead, Channa brahmacharyisp. nov., is described based on 8 specimens (109.54mm–135.69 mm standard Page length), collected from Simsang river in Meghalaya. The new species is closely similar to Channa lipor Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan © 2020 Discovery Publication. All Rights Reserved. www.discoveryjournals.org OPEN ACCESS NEW SPECIES ARTICLE & Singh and Channa aurantipectoralis Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana. Itcan be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of 8-9 oblique bands horizontally along the dorsal flank of the body, 45-47pored lateral line scales, 34-37 dorsal fin rays, 23-26 anal fin rays and 45total vertebrae.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Biology of Channa Punctata (Bloch, 1793) from Mandalay Environs
    1 Yadanabon University Research Journal, 2019, Vol-10, No.1 Reproductive biology of Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) from Mandalay Environs Htay Htay Aung, Mie Mie Sein Abstract A total of 383 specimens of Channa punctata were collected from Mandalay environs during the study period from June, 2016 to May, 2017. Sex ratio, length-weight relationship, gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and fecundity were conducted. The total length of females was ranging from 14.5 cm-21 cm and that of weight, ranging from 32 g-120 g. The total length of males, were ranging from 15.5-22 cm and that of weight, ranging from 38.5 g- 140 g. The sex ratio for male to female was 1: 0.76. Gonadal maturity stages namely, immature, maturing, mature and ripe of maturity in both sexes were recognized during the study period. An inverse relation was observed between GSI and HSI values during the study month. The absolute fecundity of C. punctata ranged from 4667.0 - 9143.46 eggs with the relative fecundity varied from 66.27 - 99.76. Fecundity-ovary weight gave a better relationship in comparison to fecundity-total length and fecundity-body weight relationship. However, as the monthly GSI values in male and female of this species were high during June to August and even to September, the spawning season of C. punctata to fall between June to September. Keywords: Reproductive biology, Channa punctata, Mandalay environs Introduction Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) belonging to the family Channidae of order Perciformes and has accessory respiratory organs that help the fish to survive in oxygen deficient water bodies.
    [Show full text]
  • Age and Growth of Spotted Snakehead Channa Punctata (Bloch, 1793) of Kajla Beel in North East Bangladesh
    International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research Volume 6, Issue 2, ISSN (Online) 2319-1473 Manuscript Processing Details (dd/mm/yyyy) : Received: 24/06/2017 | Accepted on : 03/07/2017 | Published : 19/09/2017 Age and Growth of Spotted Snakehead Channa Punctata (Bloch, 1793) of Kajla Beel in North East Bangladesh Lailun Nahar1*, Md. Mozammel Hoque2, Dr. Mst. Kaniz Fatema3 and Dr. Zoarder Faruque Ahmed4 1M.S. in Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. 2International Institutes of Applied Science & Technology (IIAST), Rangpur - 5400, Bangladesh. 3Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymeningh - 2202, Bangladesh. 4Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymeningh - 2202, Bangladesh. Abstract – Present study described age and growth of these rivers and the natural depressions (haor-seasonal spotted snakehead, Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) locally wetland, baor-oxbow lake, and beel-perennial water body) known as taki belongs to the family Channidae. A total of go under water during the monsoon and create a huge 1200 fish were collected from kajla beel at Mohongonj. open water fish habitat. The fisheries sector of Bangladesh Therefore, age and growth pattern of C. punctata was playing an increasingly important role in the economy established by direct fit of length frequency data both to standard and modified von Bertalanffy growth models with uplift efforts which augments growth and alleviates ELEFAN I procedure. Powell-Wetherall procedure gave an poverty. The inland water is inhabited by 260 species of initial asymptotic standard length (SL∞) for male and female indigenous fin fishes, 14 species of exotic fishes and 25 were 208.43 mm and 173.52 mm and Z/K value were 2.39 and species of shrimp, while the marine water is inhabited by 1.52 respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Small Indigenous Freshwater Fish
    et International Journal on Emerging Technologies 10 (2): 357-361(2019) ISSN No. (Print) : 0975-8364 ISSN No. (Online) : 2249-3255 Diversity of Small Indigenous Freshwater Fish Species (SIFs) in Assam; Nutritional Contents and Medicinal Importance: A Review Pallwabee Duarah 1 and Kalyan Das 2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, J.B. College, Jorhat, Assam, India. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, J.B. College, Jorhat, Assam, India (Corresponding author: Pallwabee Duarah) (Received 06 May 2019, Revised 29 July 2019 Accepted 08 August 2019) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ABSTRACT: Assam is enriched with varieties of water bodies. All these water bodies are the house a wide variety of fish species. Diverse fish species, including Small indigenous Fish species (SIFs) were recorded by various workers from different rivers and wetlands of Assam. SIFs are considered as a source of rich food. They are the source of high-quality protein, dietary calcium, essential fatty acids, amino acids and some of the principal vitamins and minerals. Fish plays a significant role in nutrition and food security but often little recognized element in food security and nutrition. A good number of fish species are consumed as medicine by different ethnic tribes of Assam. In the present paper a review on the diversity of small indigenous freshwater fish species in Assam and their nutritional contents and medicinal importance are presented. Keywords : Fish Diversity, SIFs, Assam, Nutritional content, Ethnomedicine. I. INTRODUCTION II. DIVERSITY OF SMALL INDIGENOUS Fishes are cold blooded vertebrates having an aquatic FRESHWATER FISH SPECIES IN ASSAM mode of habitat [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Eu Non-Native Organism Risk Assessment Scheme
    EU NON-NATIVE SPECIES RISK ANALYSIS – RISK ASSESSMENT Channa spp. EU NON-NATIVE ORGANISM RISK ASSESSMENT SCHEME Name of organism: Channa spp. Author: Deputy Direction of Nature (Spanish Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment) Risk Assessment Area: Europe Draft version: December 2016 Peer reviewed by: David Almeida. GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain ([email protected]) Date of finalisation: 23/01/2017 Peer reviewed by: Quim Pou Rovira. Coordinador tècnic del LIFE Potamo Fauna. Plaça dels estudis, 2. 17820- Banyoles ([email protected]) Final version: 31/01/2017 1 EU NON-NATIVE SPECIES RISK ANALYSIS – RISK ASSESSMENT Channa spp. EU CHAPPEAU QUESTION RESPONSE 1. In how many EU member states has this species been recorded? List An adult specimen of Channa micropeltes was captured on 22 November 2012 at Le them. Caldane (Colle di Val d’Elsa, Siena, Tuscany, Italy) (43°23′26.67′′N, 11°08′04.23′′E).This record of Channa micropeltes, the first in Europe (Piazzini et al. 2014), and it constitutes another case of introduction of an alien species. Globally, exotic fish are a major threat to native ichthyofauna due to their negative impact on local species (Crivelli 1995, Elvira 2001, Smith and Darwall 2006, Gozlan et al. 2010, Hermoso and Clavero 2011). Channa argus in Slovakia (Courtenay and Williams, 2004, Elvira, 2001) Channa argus in Czech Republic (Courtenay and Williams 2004, Elvira, 2001) 2. In how many EU member states has this species currently None established populations? List them. 3. In how many EU member states has this species shown signs of None invasiveness? List them.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenges in Biodiversity Conservation in a Highly Modified
    water Review Challenges in Biodiversity Conservation in a Highly Modified Tropical River Basin in Sri Lanka Thilina Surasinghe 1,* , Ravindra Kariyawasam 2, Hiranya Sudasinghe 3 and Suranjan Karunarathna 4 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State University, Dana Mohler-Faria Science & Mathematics Center, 24 Park Avenue, Bridgewater, MA 02325, USA 2 Center for Environment & Nature Studies, No.1149, Old Kotte Road, Rajagiriya 10100, Sri Lanka; [email protected] 3 Evolutionary Ecology & Systematics Lab, Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka; [email protected] 4 Nature Explorations & Education Team, No. B-1/G-6, De Soysapura Flats, Moratuwa 10400, Sri Lanka; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-508-531-1908 Received: 11 October 2019; Accepted: 13 December 2019; Published: 19 December 2019 Abstract: Kelani River is the fourth longest river in the South-Asian island, Sri Lanka. It originates from the central hills and flows through a diverse array of landscapes, including some of the most urbanized regions and intensive land uses. Kelani River suffers a multitude of environmental issues: illegal water diversions and extractions, impoundment for hydroelectricity generation, and pollution, mostly from agrochemicals, urban runoff, industrial discharges, and domestic waste. Moreover, loss of riparian forest cover, sand-mining, and unplanned development in floodplains have accentuated the environmental damage. In this study, based on Kelani River basin, we reviewed the status of biodiversity, threats encountered, conservation challenges, and provided guidance for science-based conservation planning. Kelani River basin is high in biodiversity and endemism, which includes 60 freshwater fish species of which 30 are endemic.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Body Composition of Channa Marulius (Soul) from Two Natural Habitats of Pakistan
    Biology and Body composition of Channa marulius (Soul) from Two natural habitats of Pakistan A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for The degree of Ph.D In the subject of ZOOLOGY By Muhammad Latif PIN No: 085-13075-Bm5-084 Institute of Pure and Applied Biology (Zoology Division) Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 2015 This thesis Submitted by Muhammad Latif is accepted in its present form by Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (Pakistan) as satisfying the thesis requirement for the degree of Ph.D in the field of Zoology. SUPERVISORY BOARD 1. Dr. Furhan Iqbal (Internal Examiner) 2. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ali (Internal Examiner) 3. Dr. Seema Mehmood (Director IP&AB) 4. External Examiner Dedication I dedicated this dissertation to My Dear Parents, Teachers, Family and Friends CONTENTS LIST Contents Page No. Acknowledgements I List of Abbreviations Iii List of Figures Iv List of Tables V Summary Xiii 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction Water 1 1.2Water quality 3 1.3Soul (Channa marulius) 7 1.4Body composition 12 1.5Blood 13 1.6Hematological parameters 14 1.7Serological parameters 17 1.8 Elements 19 2. Material Method 2.1Water quality Analysis 23 2.2 Measurement of wet weight and total length of Channa marulius 29 2.3 Estimation of body / fillet Composition parameters 30 2.4 Blood and serum collection 34 2.5 Estimation of Serum parameters 36 2.6 Estimation of elemental contents in fish powder 37 2.7 Statistical Analysis 39 3. Results 3.1 Results of water Quality Parameter Analysis 41 3.2 Body Composition 46 3.3 Fillet Composition 48 3.4 Results of Hematological Parameters of Channa marulius 50 3.5 Results of Elements Composition of Channa marulius 54 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor in Channa Punctata
    International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2014; 2(3): 56-57 ISSN: 2347-5129 Length-weight relationship and condition factor in IJFAS 2014; 2(3): 56-57 © 2013 IJFAS Channa punctata of the River Manu in Tripura www.fisheriesjournal.com Received: 08-11-2014 Accepted: 02-12-2014 Satyajit Das, Tanujit Das, Biplab Kumar Das and Devashish Kar Satyajit Das Department of Life Science and Abstract Bioinformatics Assam University, The present study attempts to develop a comprehensive Length-Weight relationship and relative Silchar – 788011, Assam, India. condition Factor (Kn) of Channa punctata collected from River Manu in Tripura. The value of exponent ‘n’ in the equation W = cLn was found to be 2.818 for the species Channa punctata. The computed ‘t’ Tanujit Das value indicated that the ‘n’ value of the species is not significantly different from the expected value Department of Life Science and ‘3‘and hence the Cube Law W = cLn hold good in the case of Channa punctata. The computed co- Bioinformatics Assam University, relation co-efficient (r) in Channa punctata was found to be 1 indicating that there is high positive Silchar – 788011, Assam, India. correlation between length and weight in the species. The relative Condition Factor (Kn) remained greater (1.01) than 1 for the species indicating their general well being to be good in Manu river in Biplab Kumar Das Tripura. Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics Assam University, Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Relative condition factor, Channa punctata, River Manu, Silchar – 788011, Assam, India. Tripura. Devashish Kar Department of Life Science and 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Barcoding Snakeheads (Teleostei, Channidae) Revisited: Discovering Greater Species Diversity and Resolving Perpetuated Taxonomic Confusions
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Barcoding snakeheads (Teleostei, Channidae) revisited: Discovering greater species diversity and resolving perpetuated taxonomic confusions Cecilia Conte-Grand1, Ralf Britz2, Neelesh Dahanukar3,4, Rajeev Raghavan5, Rohan Pethiyagoda6, Heok Hui Tan7, Renny K. Hadiaty8, Norsham S. Yaakob9, Lukas RuÈ ber1,10* a1111111111 a1111111111 1 Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom, 3 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, a1111111111 Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra, India, 4 Systematics, Ecology & Conservation Laboratory, Zoo Outreach a1111111111 Organization, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, 5 Department of Fisheries Resource a1111111111 Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India, 6 Ichthyology Section, Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia, 7 Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 8 Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Indonesia, 9 Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 10 Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland OPEN ACCESS * [email protected] Citation: Conte-Grand C, Britz R, Dahanukar N, Raghavan R, Pethiyagoda R, Tan HH, et al. (2017) Barcoding snakeheads (Teleostei, Channidae) Abstract revisited: Discovering greater species diversity and resolving perpetuated taxonomic confusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial Isolation from the Gut of Channa Punctata (Goroi Fish) And
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2019; 7(4): 735-740 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Microbial isolation from the gut of Channa JEZS 2019; 7(4): 735-740 © 2019 JEZS punctata (Goroi fish) and study of their glycosidic Received: 22-05-2019 Accepted: 24-06-2019 activity Dipika Doloi Department of Zoology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, Dipika Doloi and Dip Jyoti Haloi India Abstract Dip Jyoti Haloi Microbial isolation from the gastro-intestinal tracts (only the midgut and hindgut) of Channa punctata Department of Zoology, Handique Girls’ College, have been performed to detect their importance in the digestion process of the experimental fish. Three Guwahati, Assam, India types of microbes (bacteria and fungi) were separated from the GI tract of Channa punctata. Pure bacterial cultures were grown on Nutrient Agar (NA) media and were identified as Gram –ve cocci shaped bacteria through morphological test. While pure cultures of fungi were grown on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media and were identified as Penicillium sp. and white sterile mycelia with no spore formation through morphological test. Intestinal isolates were checked for extra-cellular enzyme producing abilities by plate screening method. Amylolytic and cellulolytic microbes were found in the experimental fish’s gut. Cellulase activity was shown by all microbial isolates, while amylase activity was exhibited by the bacterial isolates and Penicillium sp. isolated from the GI tract of Channa punctata. Thus, from the experimented study, it can be concluded that, there would be a possibility of the digestive enzymes to be supplemented by the microbes of the experimental fish’s gut, which would be helpful in the preparation of diets, constituting or including the feeds that are non-conventional ones.
    [Show full text]