FAMOUSs SCIENTISTS
From chemistry to biology to physics and much more, these esteemed men and women have helped us learn more about the world around us, the universe, and why things work the way they do!
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MARY ANNINGs ARCHIMEDES DANIEL BERNOUILLI MARIE CURIE AMELIA EARHART GALILEO WILLIAM GILBERT JANE GOODALL ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL MARGARET HAMILTON ROBERT HOOKE MAE JEMISON ISAAC NEWTON LOUIS PASTEUR AGNES POCKELS SALLY RIDE NANCY GRACE ROMAN MARIE THARP NEIL DEGRASSE TYSON
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com Scientist Video Projects Click on each of the images below to watch an animated video explaining an easy project! Scientist Video Projects
Click on each of the images below to watch an animated video explaining an easy project! Scientist Video Projects Click on each of the images below to watch an animated video explaining an easy project! MYs FAVORITE SCIENTIST
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ME! AS A SCIENTIST DRAW YOURSELF, AS A SCIENTIST
WHAT FIELD OF SCIENCE WOULD YOU LIKE TO STUDY, AND WHY
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www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MY FAVORITE SCIENTIST
MY FAVORITE SCIENTIST IS... DRAW WHAT YOUR SCIENTIST IS MOST KNOWN FOR
NAME
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FIELD OF SCIENCE
WHAT INSPIRES YOU ABOUT THEIR WORK?
HTTPS://MYMODERNMET.COM/RECREATE-ART-HISTORY-CHALLENGE/
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com SCIENTISTS AND INVENTORS
Do you love science and experimenting? Do you love learning about cool inventions? From chemistry to biology to physics ands much more, these esteemed men and women have helped us learn more about the world around us, the universe, and why things work the way they do!
CRAFTS EXPERIMENTS 5
ACTIVITIES
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com SCIENCE SUPPLIES SUGAR MARKERS OR CRAYONS FULL FAT MILK STYROFOAM CUPS 1 PACKET RAPID RISE YEAST STRING OLIVE OIL s NAIL FLOUR KEY RING SALT WHITE FLOWERS WATER FOOD COLORING ROUND COOKIE CUTTER JARS DINOSAUR FIGURES PAPER TOWELS GLASS OF WATER STIRRER RANDOM SINK FLOAT OBJECTS CARDBOARD 2 BALLOONS GLUE TAPE LARGE ZIP LOCK BAG STRING BOWL A STRAW PAPER BAG BLACK CONSTRUCTION SCISSORS PAPER GLUE STICK GRAY WASHABLE PAINT DAWN DISH SOAP WHITE CHALK COTTON SWABS CANVAS PENNIES PAINT EYEDROPPER ART PAPER MARSHMALLOWS NAILS, SCREWS, NUTS TOOTHPICKS
MAGNET www.littlebinsforlittlehands.comRULER www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com TIPS FOR SUCCESS
Kids are born scientists, curious about the world around them and how it all fits together. And science experiments are greats ways for children to explore the world, learn about the scientific method and just have fun. OUR TOP TEN TIPS Find your supplies Read ahead Follow the instructions Value your child’s questions Explore and find the answers together Give children time and space to explore Accept that explorations are often messy Learn from mistakes together Invite curiosity Encourage children to record their observations
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com TOP SECRET SCIENTIST Make your own Secret Decoder Ring!
STEP 1: Print out the two page templates SUPPLIES: and the coded message page. STEP 2: Cut out each circle. Circle templates STEP 3: Place the middle circle on top Coded message of the larger circle so the letters and Scissors Paper fastener images line up. STEP 4: Place the smaller circle on top and use scissors or a nail to punch a hole through all the circles. STEP 5: Push the paper fastener through the circles and fasten.
Secret codes are similar to science investigations. They contain both direct and indirect evidence to help you draw conclusions and solve the code!
When you analyze the data from an investigation, you need to look at all the evidence. Sometimes the evidence is very clear and direct or observable and measurable. This is called direct evidence.
Evidence that is not as clear and measurable is called indirect evidence. This type of evidence you have to infer from what your data tells you or what you can see but can not actually measure.
Both types of evidence are used to draw conclusions and determine whether you have answered your question or proved your hypothesis or solved your code.
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MARY ANNING
Mary Anning was an English British fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist. She was not a trained scientist, but taught herself to read and write then read all about anatomy – her parents were too poor to send her to school.
The cliffs near where she lived in Dorset, England were rich with fossils Mary was never from the Jurassic period. Anning taken seriously as spent months uncovering the body of a scientist. It was her first fossil, a marine reptile that very unusual for swam in the time of dinosaurs. It was women at this later named Ichthyosaurus, which time to become means ‘fish lizard.’ She found the first ‘proper’ plesiosaur and a pterosaur as well. scientists. Today, Over the course of her life she made Mary is many incredible discoveries. This remembered as made her famous among some of the one of the most important scientists of the day. greatest fossil They would visit her for advice and to hunters to have discuss scientific ideas about fossils. ever lived. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.comwww.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARY ANNING Fossils with salt dough SUPPLIES
Make your own salt dough fossils and explore 2 C all-purpose favorite dinosaur activities through fun play! bleached flour 1 C of salt STEP 1: Combine all the dry ingredients in a bowl 1 C of warm water and form a well in the center. Round cookie cutter STEP 2: Add the warm water to the dry ingredients Dinosaur Figures and mix together until it forms a dough. STEP 3: Roll the dough to ¼ inch thick or so and cut out round shapes with a circle cookie cutter. STEP 4: Take your favorite dinosaurs and press the feet into the salt dough to make dinosaur fossils. STEP 5: Place on a tray and leave for 24 to 48 hours to air dry. STEP 6: When the salt dough fossils are hard use them to create your own dino dig. Can you match each dinosaur fossil to the right dinosaur?
HOW ARE FOSSILS FORMED? Most fossils are formed when a plant or animal dies in a watery environ- ment and then is rapidly buried in mud and silt. The soft parts of the plants and animals break down leaving the hard bones or shells behind. Over time, small particles called sediment build up over the top and harden into rock. These clues of the remains of these animals and plants are preserved for scientists to find thousands of years later. These type of fossils are called body fossils.
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MARY ANNING
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Mary Anning. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 9.
17 217 1 20 9 26 15 13 9 22 12
16 13 9 4 7 10 3 2 17 2 17 2
2 1613 14 17 26 1 2 9 22 12 23 22 20 7
23 22 13 12 17 1 11 23 4 13 26 13 12
. 17 22 13 3 26 23 24 13
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARY ANNING
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! ICHTHYOSAURUS OCEAN SCIENTIST ENGLAND WOMAN CLIFFS PREHISTORIC FOSSILS DINOSAURS JURASSIC
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ARCHIMEDES
Archimedes was a Greek scientist. He was an inventor, an astronomer, and a mathematician. He also understood and wrote about what happens when things float in liquids, which is called buoyancy.
Archimedes image - Ron Leishman Digital Toonage
ARCHIMEDES INVENTIONS Archimedes also invented a machine to measure distance, an odometer. A cart was built with wheels that turned four hundred times in one Archimedes mile. A pin on the wheel would hit a gear, so it is also famous as turned once for every mile. This gear would then an inventor make a small stone fall into a cup. At the end of because he made a journey one could count the number of stones new tools and in the cup to find the distance. machines. For Archimedes also made a system which one example, he made person could pull a large ship with just one rope. a machine to lift This was called the compound pulley. This is an water that could important machine even today, as it helps be used by farmers people in everyday life, although the versions we to bring water to now use are much more complicated. They still their crops. This is work by the same principle, though. called Archimedes' screw. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ARCHIMEDES Buoyancy Experiment SUPPLIES Can you guess which things will sink and which Printed will float? Try this experiment and find out! observation log Glass of water STEP 1: Print observation log. Random objects STEP 2: Fill a glass of water 2/3 full. STEP 3: Find random objects from around the house. Place them in the glass of water to find out if they will sink or float! Record results.
ARCHIMEDES AND BUOYANCY
Archimedes was a man with many talents.
Not only did he make many different inventions, tools and machines, he also knew about numbers and about water and other objects.
In physics, buoyancy is an upward force on an object immersed in a fluid, enabling it to float or at least to appear to become lighter. If the buoyancy is more than the weight, then the object floats; if the weight is more than the buoyancy, the object sinks. If the buoyancy equals the weight, the body has neutral buoyancy and may remain at its level. Buoyancy is the underlying principle of many vehicles such as boats, ships, balloons, and airships.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ARCHIMEDES Experiment Results
ITEMS SINK FLOAT PAPER CLIP X
NOTES: ______
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ARCHIMEDES
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Archimedes. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 15.
1158 22 1 1 9 11 5 8 23 1 7 7
61 9 10 91 15 26 7 23 8 7
71 9 17 6 19 8 7 3 2 26 13 8 3
8 223 7 19 11 22 3 15 44 6 315 17 22
, 23 8 11 23 8 22 4 9 6 19 26 3 10 19
20 3 6 23 8 7 3 11 2 16 19 159 8 13 .
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ARCHIMEDES
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! EUREKA ASTRONOMY MATHEMATICIAN EUCLID DENSITY ALEXANDRIA LEVER BUOYANCY GREECE PULLEY
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com DANIEL BERNOUILLI
Daniel Bernouilli was a Swiss mathematician and physicist. He was best known for his work on hydrodynamics.
Bernoulli was hired as a professor of Around schooling physiology at the University of St. age, his father, Petersburg, Russia in 1725. During this encouraged him to time, Daniel made the biggest revelation study business, not of his lifetime based on his studies of the math. Daniel refused, but later movement of fluids. In his paper, gave in to his Hydrodynamica, that was published in father's wish and 1738, Bernoulli described what we know as studied business. Bernoulli's Principle. It states that as air His father then moves around an object, it creates asked him to study in medicine, and different pressures on that object. Faster Daniel agreed air means less pressure. Slower air means under the more pressure. The key to flight is creating condition that his pressure upwards on the bird's wing to father would teach him mathematics keep the bird in the air. We will look at privately, which how airflow can change over a bird's wing they continued for to create pressure to push up on the wing some time. to keep it in flight.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com DANIEL BERNOUILLI
Bernouilli’s Balloons SUPPLIES
Bernoulli's Principle says that the pressure decreases 2 Balloons Tape inside a stream of flowing air. Let’s try it with balloons. String A straw STEP 1: Blow up two balloons. STEP 2: The the balloons with 3 foot long strings. STEP 3: Tape balloons to the top of a doorway, about 6” from each other. STEP 4: Now blow with a straw, between the two balloons and see what happens! Blow harder, softer, and on the far side of each balloon.
WHAT IS HAPPENING? The effect which you observed is a great demonstration of Bernoulli's principle. As long as both balloons just dangle from the door frame, the air around them in every direction is static. This means the air exerts the same amount of pressure onto every side of the balloon and both balloons are still. By blowing air forcefully between the balloons you created an area of low pressure. This is because fast-moving air produces less pressure. The air pressure between the balloons decreased in comparison with the air pressure around the rest of the balloons. **The spacing between the balloons matters. If the gap between the balloons is too wide, the low air pressure area produced by blowing between them will no longer have an effect.
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BERNOUILLI
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Bernouilli. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 23.
23 8 824 5 14 26 5110 1 1 26
16 11 28 21 23 141 16 4 1
- , 14 5 34 16 15 4 23 12 1 26 19 510 3 15
16 4 1 14 53 4 16 12 14 1 15 1517 14 1
. 23 10 26 16 4 1 14 53 4 16 23 10 3 8 1
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Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! FLUID TUBE DYNAMICS SPEED ACCELERATION BIRD FORCE WING PRESSURE PRINCIPLE
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE CURIE
Marie Curie was a Polish and French physicist, chemist and feminist. She did research on radioactivity. She was also the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. She was the first woman professor at the University of Paris.
In 1895, she married Pierre Curie. Together they discovered
Curie image - Ron Leishman Digital Toonage two new elements, or the smallest pieces of chemical substances: polonium (which she named after her home country) and radium. Curie soon started using her work to save lives. Her discoveries of radium and polonium In 1921, Marie were important because the elements founded the were radioactive, which meant that Curie Institute in when their atoms broke down, Paris, which they gave off invisible rays that operates as a major cancer could pass through solid research facility matter and conduct electricity. to this day. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE CURIE MAKE YOUR OWN X-RAY SUPPLIES STEP 1: Paint the bottom of your hand and arm up Black Construction to the elbow with washable gray paint. paper Gray washable paint STEP 2: Press your hand/arm down onto black White chalk construction paper to make a print. STEP 3: Let print dry. STEP 4: Draw the bones of the hand and arms with white chalk on top of the gray arm print. The effect will look like an x-ray.
THE FIRST MOBILE X-RAY MACHINE!
During World War I in Paris, Marie Curie made a decision. Rather than flee the turmoil, she decided to join in the fight! She decided to redirect her scientific skills toward the war effort; not to make weap- ons, but to save lives.
At the start of the war, X-ray machines were still found only in city hospitals, far from the battlefields where wounded troops were being treated. Curie’s solution was to invent the first “radiological car” – a vehicle containing an X-ray machine and photographic darkroom equipment – which could be driven right up to the battlefield where army surgeons could use X-rays to guide their surgeries.
These radiological cars were nicknamed “Little Curie”.
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MARIE CURIE
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Marie Curie. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 11.
24 254 18 19 24 171 9 24 22 19 16 15
, 193 4 25 12 15 1615 11 2 15 14
19 4 19 3 2524 22 9 4 25 12 15
. 5 2414 15 2 3 4 25 25 14 24 25 7 19 3
- 4 18 15 4 19 23 15 4 25 5 24 14 15 2
, 3 4 11 24 14 23 25 2 15 325 4 18 11 4
. 7 51 23 11 9 16 15 11 2 22 153 3
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE CURIE
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! POLAND RADIATION MATH MOBILE PHYSICS NOBEL WOMAN RADIUM XRAY CHEMISTRY
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AMELIA EARHART
Amelia Mary Earhart was an American aviation pioneer and author. Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.
After graduating from high school, Amelia wasn't sure what she wanted to do. She first went to the Ogontz School in Pennsylvania, but dropped out to become a nurse's aide tending wounded soldiers from World War I. Then she studied to become a mechanic, but soon was back in school studying for a career in medicine. Eventually she decided to go into medical When she was research. That is, until she took her first just seven years plane flight. old Amelia made a homemade On December 28, 1920 Amelia and her roller coaster. father visited an air show in California. After crashing Amelia went on her first plane flight that dramatically she day. She later said that "I knew I had to told her sister that it "was just fly" as soon as the plane was just a few like flying". hundred feet off the ground.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AMELIA EARHART
MAKE YOUR OWN GLIDER SUPPLIES Straw STEP 1: Print out paper strip template. Card Stock STEP 2: Use the template to cut out three strips Paper strip template Tape of card stock. Scissors STEP 3: Tape the ends of one strip to make a circle. STEP 4: Tape the other two strips together and then make a larger circle out of them, and tape. STEP 5: Now tape the circles to each end of the straw. STEP 6: Fly your unusual glider!
THE SCIENCE
Can we really call this a plane? It may look weird, but you will discover it flies surprisingly well. The two sizes of hoops help to keep the straw balanced as it flies. The big hoop creates “drag” (or air resistance) which helps keep the straw level while the smaller hoop in at the front keeps your super hooper from turning off course.
Some have asked why the plane does not turn over since the hoops are heavier than the straw. Since objects of different weight generally fall at the same speed, the hoop will keep its “upright” position.
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AMELIA EARHART
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Amelia Earhart. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 3.
‘ 22 10 7 20 7 21
15 17 20 7 2217 14 11 8 7
22 10 3 16 12 23 21 22
4 7 11 16 9 3
. 18 3 21 21 7 16 9 7 20
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AMELIA EARHART
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! AIRPLANE OCEAN FLY SOLO PILOT CANARY WOMAN FRIENDSHIP ATLANTIC FIRST
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com GALILEO
Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer from Pisa. Galileo has been called the "father of astronomy", "father of modern physics", the "father of the scientific method", and the "father of modern science".
Galileo image - Ron Leishman Digital Toonage
ASTRONOMY He discovered that the Milky Way is made of many stars. He discovered that the Moon has hills. He found four moons around Jupiter. Besides inventing Those moons are now called the Galilean moons. He discovered sunspots, which are the improved dark areas of the Sun. telescopes, he also invented the PHYSICS - Gravity compass and a Galileo was the first to discover that objects thermometer. fall to the ground at the same rate, unless Galileo decided things like wind resistance change the rate. It that he wanted to was Galileo’s discovery that led to Issac be a doctor and Newton creating his Law of Gravity. started to do a medical degree at Galileo became knows as the man who chal- the University of lenged centuries worth of previously-held Pisa but never notions and revolutionized the sciences. finished. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com GALILEO Brushless Gravity Painting SUPPLIES Do you think you could make a beautiful painting Canvas without ever touching the canvas? Gravity can help! Paint
STEP 1: Place canvas in a bowl or bin for easy clean up. STEP 2: Use acrylic or tempera paint of any colors. STEP 3: Squeeze paint directly at the top of the canvas, so the paint will drip down on it’s own, by forces of gravity! That’s it! So easy, and pretty too!
GRAVITY
Why did the paint you put at the top edge of your paper drip all the way to the bottom? Gravity is the force by which a planet or other body draws objects toward its center. The force of gravity keeps all of the planets in orbit around the sun.
Why do you land on the ground when you jump up instead of floating off into space? Why do things fall down when you throw them or drop them? The answer is gravity: an invisible force that pulls objects toward each other. Earth's gravity is what keeps you on the ground and what makes things fall.
What do you think would happen if the astronauts were to try this experiment in space? www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com
GALILEO
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Galileo. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 19.
126 19 14 23 623 14 23 10
5 23 12 19 519 6 11 7
1 256 7 10 19 6 12 12 26 19 12 1
‘
21 7 13 4 22 6 12 5 23 19 10 6
11 75 23 12 26 1 6 25 24 10 7 5
. 261 5
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com GALILEO
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! ITALY KINEMATICS ASTRONOMER GRAVITY INSTRUMENTS PISA STARS TELESCOPE MOON COMPASS
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com WILLIAM GILBERT
It's because of English inventor William Gilbert that electricity got its name. He produced some of the first work that explained magnetism and electricity.
Gilbert was the Gilbert introduced the word 'electricus' which first to propose means 'like amber' in Latin to describe the that the Earth's way amber attracted small items due to what core contains iron we now call static electricity. The word and that that electricity develops from 'electricus'. magnets point north because the Gilbert’s work around magnetic compasses Earth itself is a was groundbreaking because people already giant magnet. thought they understood how a compass worked. They used them for navigation; miners used them to search for veins of iron; and surveyors used them in tunnel construction. But Gilbert wanted to know more. He wanted to understand magnets at a deeper level, to understand the laws that govern their behavior.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com WILLIAM GILBERT Paint With Magnets SUPPLIES Paint (acrylic William Gilbert was considered the ‘father of or tempera) Art paper electricity and magnetism. Let’s have some fun Nails, screws, nuts with paint and magnets! Magnet
STEP 1: Place the paper on a thin surface like a glass coffee table or a tv tray. STEP 2: Place a random assortment of nails, screws, nuts onto your paper. STEP 3: Squirt several colors of paint onto paper. STEP 4: Place the magnet underneath the tray or table and move around. STEP 5: Move the magnets around to pick up the metal items on the paper, and drag them around through the paint to create a work of art!
WHAT’S HAPPENING In physics, magnetism is a force that can attract (pull closer) or repel (push away) objects that have a magnetic material like iron inside them (magnetic objects). In simpler words it is a property of certain substances which pull closer or repel other objects.
Have you ever held two magnets close to each other? They don't act like most objects. If you try to push the South poles together, they repel each other. Two North poles also repel each other. Turn one magnet around, and the North (N) and the South (S) poles are attracted to each other. Just like protons and electrons - opposites attract. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com
WILLIAM GILBERT
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by William Gilbert. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 5.
1619 19 15 1019 22
15 1819 1 16 9 8 11 918 19 24 13 18
6 19 19 15 23 6 25 24 13 18
24 12 13 18 11 23
. 24 129 17 23 9 16 26 9 23
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com WILLIAM GILBERT
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! ELECTRICITY GRAVITY MAGNETS ELECTRICUS MAGNETISM LODESTONES POLES COMPASS EARTH IRON
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com JANE GOODALL
Jane Goodall is a British primatologist and anthropologist. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her over 55-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees.
Goodall is best known for her study of chim- panzee social and family life. She began Goodall image - Ron Leishman Digital Toonage studying the Kasakela chimpanzee community in Tanzania in 1960.
Instead of numbering the chimpanzees she observed, she gave them names such as Fifi and David Greybeard, and observed them to have unique and individual personalities, an unconventional idea at the time. She found that, “It isn’t only human beings who have personality, who are capable of rational As a child, as an thought [and] emotions like joy and sorrow”. alternative to a teddy She also observed behaviors such as hugs, bear her father gave kisses, pats on the back, and even tickling, Goodall a stuffed what we consider 'human' actions. chimpanzee named Jubilee, and she has Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute said her fondness for (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, this figure started her and she is a global leader in the effort to early love of animals. protect chimpanzees and their habitats. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com JANE GOODALL CHIMPANZEE PUPPET PROJECT
SUPPLIES Printable STEP 1: Print our chimpanzee face. Markers or crayons STEP 2: Color the face. Paper bag STEP 3: Cut out face. Scissors STEP 4: Glue to top of folded paper bag. Glue stick
JANE GOODALL
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Jane Goodall. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 21.
25 16 25 12 19
. 3 824 3 16 3 24 15 21 6 7 2114 14 25 12 13
2516 25 12 19 3 824 3 16 3 24 15 21 6
. 2 21 13 21 12 9 6 25 14 9 10 6 21 19
2516 25 12 19 3 824 3 16 3 24 15 21 6
. 7 21 5 25 13 21 24 326 26 25 12 25 8 23 25
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com JANE GOODALL
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! CHIMPANZEE ENVIRONMENT NOTEBOOK CLIMATE BINOCULARS DEFORESTATION PROTECT GOMBE EXTINCTION HABITAT
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
Alexander Graham Bell was a famous inventor. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1847. He was best known for inventing the telephone. He first became interested in the science of sound as both his mother and his wife were deaf. Bell did not like Bell began to study communication to have a machines. His experiments in sound telephone in his eventually allowed him to send voice study as he found signals down a telegraph wire. Bell made the first transcontinental telephone call on it intrusive! January 15, 1915. He called Thomas Watson from New York City. Watson was He helped form in San Francisco. the Bell Bell also had a strong interest in other scientific fields, conducting medical Telephone research, searching for alternative fuel Company, and sources, experimenting with metal the National detectors, developing hydrofoil watercraft and much more. He also made a piano Geographic that could be heard far away by using Society. electricity.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
STRING PHONE SUPPLIES
Let’s experiment with sound by making a homemade 2 Paper or plastic cups phone using only paper cups and string! String Nail STEP 1: Poke a hole in the bottom of each cup using the nail. STEP 2: Cut 10 feet of string and push the ends through the holes in the cups. STEP 3: Tie a large knot in the string once you pushed them through the cups. STEP 4: Now have a friend hold one cup while you hold the other. Walk away from each other so that the string gets tight. Talk quietly into your cup and have your friend put their cup to their ear to listen. Now switch! See how low you can whisper and still be heard.
WHAT’S HAPPENING When you speak into the cup, it creates sound waves which vibrate the bottom of the cup. The vibrations move along the tight string into the bottom of your friends cup. When they reach the 2nd cup the vibrations are turned back into sound waves. This is how your friend is able to hear what you are saying.
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ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Bell. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 2.
3 6 7 16 19 6
, 2 1526 21 9 10 15 8 6 1320 6
17 196 17 2 19 2 21 10 16 15 10 20
21 9 6 12 6 26 21 16
. 20 22 4 4 6 20 20
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! TEACHER PIANO SCIENTIST DEAF INVENTOR TELEGRAPH TELEPHONE VIBRATE WATSON WIRES
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARGARET HAMILTON
American computer scientist Margaret Hamilton was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work.
Margaret Hamilton worked as a programmer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1959. Using computers in the meteorology On November 22, department, she developed a program 2016, she was that predicted the weather. In another awarded the project, called SAGE, she wrote software Presidential Medal of that searched for enemy aircraft. Freedom by U.S. Hamilton was put in charge of the President Barack onboard flight software for Apollo space Obama for her work mission. This software made sure the leading the lunar module (the spacecraft that landed development of on the Moon) and the command module on-board flight (the craft that carried the astronauts to software for NASA's and from Earth) worked successfully. Apollo Moon missions. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARGARET HAMILTON
Code a Keychain SUPPLIES
Use computer language, ‘binary code’ to create Binary printable a beaded keychain using the word ‘KEYS’. Red and blue beads (or any two colors) STEP 1: Print the binary code info sheet. String STEP 2: Place the beads onto the sheet in the pattern Scissors shown on the paper. Key ring STEP 3: String the beads for each letter onto a string. Make the strings about 8-10 inches long. STEP 4: Wrap the string around the key ring and then thread it back through the beads. STEP 5: Repeat for each letter so you have 4 sets of beads around the ring. STEP 6: Gather all of the string ends together and tie into one big knot. WHAT IS BINARY CODE? Binary code is how computers talk and represent information. Letters, numbers, and pictures…. basically everything you see on the computer is made up of different combinations of 0’s and 1’s.
Imagine trying to use words to describe every scene in a film, every note in a song, or every street in your town. Now imagine trying to do it using only the numbers 1 and 0. Every time you use the Internet to watch a movie, listen to music, or check directions, that’s exactly what your device is doing, using the language of binary code.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com CODE A KEYCHAIN
RED BEAD BLUE BEAD
Place the appropriate bead in each circle to spell ‘keys’.
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MARGARET HAMILTON
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Margaret Hamilton. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 1.
19 15 6 20 23 1 18 5
5 22 5 14 20 21 1 12 12 25
1 14 4 14 53 5 19 19 1 18 9 12 25
7 1 9 14 5 4 20 8 5 19 1 13 5
18 5 19 16 5 3 20 1 19 1 14 25
. 15 20 8 5 18 4 919 3 9 16 12 9 14 5
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARGARET HAMILTON
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! APOLLO TECHNOLOGY MEDAL SOFTWARE BINARY PROGRAMMER CODING ENGINEER METEOROLOGY NASA
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ROBERT HOOKE
Robert Hooke was born on in 1635 on the Isle of Wight. He was one of four children. He moved to London to be a painter’s apprentice, but he soon left the apprenticeship and instead went to Oxford University to study experimental science. In 1965, Hooke published a book Hooke discovered that the narrower the tube, called the higher water will rise in it, due to what we Micrographia, now call ‘capillary action’. Hooke was also which means ‘small drawings’ unsurpassed in his time as an inventor and and included designer of scientific instruments. He invented many sketches of the compound microscope; a wheel barometer; things Hooke had and the universal joint found today in all seen through his microscope, such motor vehicles (the “Hooke’s joint”). He built as a flea, snow, the first reflecting telescope, using it to mold and cork. observe the rotation of Mars and note one of Many people were the earliest examples of a double star. Hooke not convinced by his sketches as was even an accomplished architect, providing they thought it all his services as a surveyor and designing many looked too London buildings after the Great Fire of strange to be real! London.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ROBERT HOOKE Color Changing Flowers SUPPLIES
Robert Hook discovered ‘capillarity’ which is the White flowers Food Coloring ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without Jars the assistance of external forces like gravity. Water
STEP 1: Cut the bottoms of the flower stems so that you have a fresh cut. STEP 2: Fill your containers half-way with water and add food coloring. The more food color, the sooner you’ll see results. 15-20 drops at least STEP 3: Wait 2-24 hours. Make sure to observe the process at regular intervals to note the progress.
WHAT IS HAPPENING? Capillary action is what happens when water climbs up things like small tubes. Water can do this because it’s sticky! Not sticky like glue, but sticky like the droplets that stick to your fingers after you wash your hands. Water sticks to the walls of a tube and starts to inch upward. It also sticks to itself, so it pulls more water after it as it climbs. Gradually, capillary action lets water climb up to all the different parts of a plant through the xylem tubes in the stem.The small "vessels" in the celery stalks carry the water and color to the leaves, like the way blood travels through your body.
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ROBERT HOOKE Walking Water SUPPLIES
Water Capillary Action is a process during which a liquid, Test Tubes like water, moves up something solid, like a tube or or mason jars into a material with a lot of small holes. Food Coloring Paper Towels Stirrer STEP 1: Add red, yellow, and blue food coloring (one Scissors color per tube) in a pattern. Give each tube a little stir to evenly distribute the color. STEP 2: Cut thin strips of paper towel to fit in the test tubes. STEP 3: Place the paper towel strips into the test tubes. There will be two ends in each tube. Watch closely to see capillary action in action!
WHAT IS HAPPENING? Walking water science is all about capillary action which also can be seen in plants. The colored water travels up the fibers of the paper towel. These gaps are similar to the capillary tubes of a plant that pull the water up through the stems.The fibers of the paper towel help the water move upward which is my this walking water science experiment looks like it is defying gravity. How else does water move up the tree? As the paper towels absorb the colored water, the water travels up the towel strip. It meets up with the other colored water that has traveled up the neighboring strip. Fun science that’s colorful and simple to do!
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ROBERT HOOKE
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Hooke. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 14.
22 1 7 21 18
, 10 2 5 24 6 2 19 1 147 8 5 18
7 21 18 17 1818 3 18 6 7
17 226 16 2 9 18 5 22 18 6 6 212 10
8 67 21 18 20 5 18 14 7 18 6 7
. 18 1116 18 25 25 18 1 16 22 18 6
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ROBERT HOOKE
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! ENGLISH MICROSCOPES NATURALIST CELLS ARCHITECT STARS ELASTICITY GRAVITY TELESCOPES OBSERVATORY
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MAE JEMISON
Mae Jemison is an American engineer, physician, and former NASA astronaut. She became the first black woman to travel into space aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
In college, Mae studied the physical and social sciences, and learned to speak Russian and the African language Swahili. She earned a degree in chemical engineering and African studies. After college, she studied medicine for four years, and became a medical doctor.
In 1987, Mae was accepted into NASA's Jemison has had astronaut program. She trained in Texas, many careers. learning about space exploration. She She has been a worked for NASA, and waited for a shuttle physician, assignment. engineer, business woman, When the space shuttle Endeavour professor and launched into orbit in 1992, Mae became was even an the first African-American woman to orbit actress on Star the earth. Trek!
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MAE JEMISON
YOU AS AN ASTRONAUT SUPPLIES Helmet printable STEP 1: Print out helmet artwork. Color with markers. Scissors STEP 2: Cut out the center of the helmet. Markers Glue stick STEP 3: Cut out the center of the paper plate. Paper plate STEP 4: Using the glue stick, attach the helmet to the Photo of yourself front of the paper plate. STEP 5: Print out a photo of yourself and cut to fit inside the plate. STEP 6: Glue your photo to the bottom of the plate.
THE SCIENCE OF SPACE HELMETS
A spacesuit is more than clothes astronauts wear in space. The suit is really a small spacecraft. It protects the astronaut from the dangers of being outside in space and protects them from getting too hot or too cold.
The helmet is a large plastic, pressurized bubble that has a neck ring and a ventilation distribution pad. It also has a purge valve, which is used with a secondary oxygen pack. In the helmet, there is a straw to a drink bag in case the astronaut gets thirsty, a visor which shields rays from the bright sun, and a camera which records extra vehicular activities. It also has four small "head lamps" which shine extra light where needed.
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MAE JEMISON
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Mae Jemison. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 6.
19 10 1 10 23 7 10
17 14 18 14 2510 9 7 4
‘ 20 25 13 10 23 21 10 20 21 17 10 24
17 14 18 14 25 10 9
. 14 18 6 12 14 19 6 25 14 20 19 24
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MAE JEMISON
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! SHUTTLE JEMISON WOMAN ASTRONAUT FIRST PHYSICIAN ENGINEER PROFESSOR NASA SPACE
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ISAAC NEWTON
Isaac Newton is considered one of the most important scientists in history. Even Albert Einstein said that Isaac Newton was the smartest person that ever lived.
Newton image - Ron Leishman Digital Toonage Isaac Newton made many scientific discoveries and inventions throughout his career.
GRAVITY - Newton is probably most famous for discovering gravity.
In the LAWS OF MOTION - Newton's laws of motion 1660s, English were three fundamental laws of physics that laid the foundation for classical mechanics. physicist and mathematician CALCULUS - Newton invented a whole new Isaac Newton type of mathematics which he called began a series of "fluxions." Today we call this math calculus experiments with and it is an important type of math used in sunlight and advanced engineering and science. prisms. He REFLECTING TELESCOPE - This type of demonstrated that telescope uses mirrors to reflect light and form clear white light an image. Nearly all of the major telescopes was composed of used in astronomy today are reflecting seven visible telescopes. colors. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com Newton’s Disk SUPPLIES
Isaac Newton discovered that light is made up of Wheel template many colors. Let’s learn more by making a color disk! Markers Scissors STEP 1: Print wheel and color with markers. Cardboard (use blue, purple, green, red, orange, and yellow) Glue Nail STEP 2: Cut out the wheel and cut a circle of the same String size out of cardboard. STEP 3: Glue the color wheel to the cardboard. STEP 4: Punch two holes in the middle with a small nail. STEP 5: Insert the ends of the string (8 ft of string, folded in half) into each little hole. Pull through so each side is even, and tie the two ends together. STEP 6: Spin the wheel toward you, while holding the ends of the string in each hand. Continue to spin until the string tightens and twists. STEP 7: Pull your hands apart when you are ready to spin the circle. Pull harder to make it spin faster. Watch the colors blur and then seem to lighten or disappear! WHAT IS HAPPENING? This phenomenon can also be described as color addition. When the colors spin so fast their reflection will blend with each other and will appear close to the color white. At first you will see the colors quickly spinning. As you spin the disc faster, you will start to see the colors blending, and they will blend together and appear white. If you aren’t seeing this happen, try spin- ning the disc even faster. The light from all of the colors is hitting your eye at almost the exact same time. This tricks the eye into thinking you are seeing white light. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com
ISAAC NEWTON
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Newton. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 7.
15 12 15 14 7 2 11
25 11 11 20 12 1 2426 14 11 24 26 147 20
, 21 2614 11 24 25 15 26 15 25 8 5
25 267 20 10 15 20 13 21 20 26 14 11
25 14 21 1 18 10 11 24 25 21 12
. 13 157 20 26 25
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com ISAAC NEWTON
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! SCIENTIST TELESCOPE ASTRONOMER LIGHT GRAVITY RAINBOW MOTION PLANETS CALCULUS MECHANICS
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com LOUIS PASTEUR
A trained scientist, chemist and physicist, Louis Pasteur, dedicated his life to research, becoming a pioneer in microbiology.
VACCINATIONS YEAST Pasteur continued Louis Pasteur discovered that certain organisms, including yeasts, were able to live to investigate with in the absence of air. He called them diseases. He found anaerobic organisms. Yeast feeds on the that he could make starches in flour, producing carbon dioxide. a weak form of a The carbon dioxide expands the gluten disease that would proteins in the flour. The gluten proteins cause the dough (of which flour is a main cause people to ingredient) to expand and rise. become immune
to the stronger PASTEURIZATION form of the Pasteur found that heating up the liquids disease. He called would kill most microbes and allow the beverages to last longer and be safer to drink. this weak form a This process became known as pasteurization "vaccine." and is still done on many foods such as milk, vinegar, cheese, and juices.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com LOUIS PASTEUR
BREAD IN A BAG SUPPLIES
How does yeast work in bread making for kids? Large zip lock bag Bowl Well, yeast is actually a living, single-cell fungus! 3 C plain flour 3 TBSP sugar STEP 1: Open up your zip-lock bag and place 1 .25oz Packet it in a large bowl. rapid rise yeast 1 1/2 TSP salt STEP 2: Scoop 1 cup flour into a large zip-lock 1 C of warm water bag, with 3 tablespoons sugar, 1 .25oz packet 3 TBSP olive oil of rapid rise yeast, and 1 cup of warm water. STEP 3: Let the air out of the bag, then seal the bag closed and mix from the outside of the bag with your hands. Let the mixture sit for 10-15 minutes. STEP 4: Now open the bag and add 1 cup of flour, 1 1/2 teaspoons of salt, and 3 tablespoons of olive oil. Seal the bag, and mix again. STEP 5: Add 1 more cup of flour, seal, and mix again. STEP 6: Remove the dough and knead for 10 minutes on a piece of floured parchment paper to prevent the dough from sticking to the surface. Cover with a warm damp hand towel for 30 minutes. STEP 7: Place in a greased bread pan and bake for 25 minutes at 375 degrees. ENJOY!
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LOUIS PASTEUR
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Pasteur. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 20.
12 22 224 7 22 24
4 7 8 16 12 7 8 22 8 147 13 11 18
21 24 2220 14 12 24 2 13 2 12
13 1 24 5 2 26 1 13 13 120 13
2 5 5 14 6 2 7 20 13 24 12 13 1 24
. 168 11 5 23
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com LOUIS PASTEUR
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! CHEMIST DISEASE MICROBIOLOGIST BACTERIA VACCINATION MOLD PASTEURIZATION YEAST GERMS SILK
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AGNES POCKELS
Agnes Pockels was a pioneer in chemistry. Her work was fundamental in establishing the concept known as surface science, which describes the properties of liquid and solid surfaces.
As a child, Pockels was interested in As legend has it, Pockels discovered the science, and influence of impurities on the surface would have liked tension of fluids doing the dishes in her to study physics. own kitchen. She was unwed and the In those days, caretaker of her ailing parents, so she however, women had no access to spent much time cooking and cleaning universities. It was with various oils, soaps, and other only through her household products. Despite her lack of younger brother, formal training, Pockels was able to Friedrich Carl measure the surface tension of water by Alwin Pockels, devising an apparatus known as the that she gained access to scientific Pockels trough, a key instrument in the literature. new discipline of surface science.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AGNES POCKELS Magic Milk SUPPLIES
This magic milk science experiment is the perfect Full Fat Milk kitchen science experiment to help understand the Food Coloring science behind ‘surface tension’. Dawn Dish Soap Cotton Swabs STEP 1: Start by pouring your milk into a baking dish or another flat bottom surface. Just enough to cover the bottom. STEP 2: Next you want to fill the top of the milk with drops of color! STEP 3: Now pour a bit of your dish soap into a bowl, touch your cotton swab tip to the dish soap to coat it. Bring it over to your milk dish and gently touch the surface of the milk with the soapy cotton swab! What happens?
WHAT IS HAPPENING?
Milk is made up of minerals, proteins, and fats. Proteins and fats are sus- ceptible to changes. When the dish soap is added to the milk, those mole- cules run around and try to attach to the fat molecules in the milk. You wouldn’t see this without the food coloring! The food coloring looks like fireworks because it’s getting bumped around! The soap heads for the fats creating the cool bursting of color. When there is no more movement, all the fat molecules have been found. Are there any more hiding?
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AGNES POCKELS Water on a Penny? SUPPLIES
Learn from things found in your purse or pocket? Pennies How many drops of water can fit on a penny? Eyedropper or pipette STEP 1: Use an eyedropper or pipette to pick up and Water carefully drip one drop of water at a time onto the penny. STEP 2: Count how many drops you can fit onto one penny until the water overflows. STEP 3: Record your results. Try the same experiment with other coins.
WHAT IS HAPPENING? You might think that you can’t fit many drops of water on the surface of a penny. Pennies are just so small!
Surface tension and cohesion is the reason you can get so many drops of water on a penny. Cohesion is the “stickiness” of like molecules to one another. Water molecules love to stick together! Surface tension is the result of all the water molecules sticking together.
Once the water has reached the edge of the penny, a dome shape begins to form. This is due to the surface tension forming a shape that has the least amount of surface area possible (like bubbles)!
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AGNES POCKELS
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Pockels. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 11.
19 18 1114 11
26 11 3 3 19 25 24 11 4 15 19 24 415 2 15 3 4
19 24 24 11 4 5 2 11 22 3 13 19 15 24 13 15
, 15 3 26 15 13 19 11 22 22 9 26 18 9 3 19 13 3
11 24 14 7 25 5 22 14 18 11 6 15
. 22 19 21 15 14 4 25 3 4 5 14 9
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com AGNES POCKELS
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! SURFACE SCIENCE TENSION PHYSICS WATER TROUGH DISHES FLUID WOMAN EDUCATION
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com SALLY RIDE
Sally Kristen Ride was an American astronaut and physicist. Born in Los Angeles, she joined NASA in 1978 and became the first American woman in space in 1983.
Sally Ride never intended to be a hero. In fact, she was a shy girl who never raised her hand in class, loved to play tennis and read Scientific American religiously.
Ride was considered the youngest American astronaut to have traveled to space by the Sally Ride’s age of 32. She went through a rigorous other interest training program and served as the was tennis and ground-based capsule communicator for the she was a STS-2 and STS-3, second and third space nationally ranked shuttle flights. She also helped develop the tennis player. space shuttle’s robot arm, “Canadarm”.
In 2001, Ride co-founded Sally Ride Science and became its president and CEO. The company creates entertaining science programs for upper elementary and middle school students as well as publications. The company particularly focuses on girls.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com SALLY RIDE
MAKE A SPACE SHUTTLE! SUPPLIES
STEP 1: Print out the shuttle template. Shuttle template Scissors STEP 2: Cut out the shuttle. Glue Stick STEP 3: Paint white dots with a toothpick to make Red and yellow ‘stars’ on your black paper. tissue paper STEP 4: Glue down your shuttle. White paint Toothpick STEP 5: Cut strips of red and yellow tissue paper. Black paper STEP 6: Glue strips to rocket boosters.
THE SPACE SHUTTLE The Space Shuttle was a spacecraft which was used by NASA. Space Shuttles were used to carry astronauts and cargo into space. Cargo such as satellites, parts of a space station or scientific instruments were taken up into space by the space shuttle. It was a new kind of spacecraft because it could be used again and again.
The shuttle was launched out of Earth's gravity and into space by 3 rocket engines on the back of the orbiter along with help from 2 long white solid rocket boosters. Fuel for the shuttle was stored in the large, usually orange, external fuel tank. Before the shuttle reached orbit, the boosters were released and fell into the Atlantic Ocean where they were towed back to shore for reuse.
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SALLY RIDE
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Sally Ride. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 21.
21 6 6
, 21 24 16 25 8 14 15 12 25 13
25 13 10 25 23 3 21 6 6 19 3 9 14 9
, 8 25 17 14 25 12 12 3 14 9 12 19
. 21 12 25 13 23 21 12 19
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com SALLY RIDE
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! SPACE NASA ASTRONAUT SCIENCE CHALLENGER CANADARM WOMAN SHUTTLE TENNIS PROFESSOR
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com NANCY GRACE ROMAN
Nancy Grace Roman was an American astronomer. She created the first astronomical program at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
When she was young her mother used to take her outside at night so that she could learn about the constellations, and
During Roman’s she was entranced with astronomy from lifetime, it was not then on. The National Aeronautics and common for women Space Administration (NASA) was estab- to become scientists. lished in 1958, and the next year Roman Roman was almost constantly spearheaded their astronomy program. discouraged during The astronomers generally agreed that her studies and they wanted to be able to look at space beyond. She was from above Earth’s atmosphere. As a given fewer opportunities and result, Roman and the astronomers and much less pay than engineers she managed spent the next men doing the same few years designing a device to get work. However, she was confident in her those images. That device would turn ability and succeeded into the Hubble Space Telescope. in her field. www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com NANCY GRACE ROMAN
Marshmallow Dipper SUPPLIES
Make a fun star constellation using marshmallows Big dipper printable and toothpicks! The Big Dipper! Mini (or star) marshmallows STEP 1: Print the constellation template. Toothpicks STEP 2: Cut out the constellation. Scissors STEP 3: Splatter paint ‘stars’ onto the black paper. Glue Stick STEP 4: Glue the constellation to the paper. White paint STEP 5: Place a marshmallow onto each circle in the Black paper constellation. STEP 6: Connect the stars with toothpicks. Break them apart if you need smaller ones.
THE BIG DIPPER Kids who love to stargaze are probably familiar with the most identifiable star configuration in the night sky -- the Big Dipper. It’s easy to find and instantly recognizable thanks to its long “handle” and large “bowl.” Over the centuries, the Big Dipper has developed a rich mythology.
The Big Dipper is part of a constellation known as Ursa Major, which is Latin for “Great Bear,” and which is the third largest constellation. The seven stars that make up the Big Dipper are the brightest stars in Ursa Major.
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NANCY GRACE ROMAN
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Nancy Grace Roman. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 21.
3
22 25 6 3 25 16 25 14 2 21 14 14 2 25 12 25
17 3 6 6 22 25 17 9 7 25 8
, 21 1314 12 9 8 21 15 14 13 4 15 13 14
21 13 14 2 25 12 25 21 12 25 17 9 7 25 8
. 21 3 12 10 6 21 8 25 10 3 6 9 14 13
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com NANCY GRACE ROMAN
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! SPACE CONSTELLATIONS EARTH HUBBLE ATMOSPHERE NASA MOTHER WOMAN ADVOCATE ASTRONOMER
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE THARP
Marie Tharp was an American geologist and oceanographic cartographer who, in partnership with Bruce Heezen, created the first scientific map of the Atlantic Ocean floor.
Marie said she never would have We know that maps can change the way gotten the chance we think about the world. But what about to study geology the way we think about what’s if it hadn’t been underneath? In 1953, a young geologist for Pearl Harbor. Girls were needed named Marie Tharp made a map that to fill the jobs left proved the controversial theory of plate open because the tectonics. But Tharp’s discovery of the guys were off 10,000-mile-long Mid-Atlantic Ridge—a fighting. A year find that showed that the sea floor was after the war started, the spreading—was initially dismissed as “girl geology talk.” I had a blank canvas to fill with department at the extraordinary possibilities ... It was a University of once-in-a-lifetime—a once-in-the-histo- Michigan opened ry-of-the-world—opportunity for anyone, its doors to women. but especially for a woman in the 1940s.”
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE THARP
PLATE TECTONICS SUPPLIES
Let’s learn about ‘plate tectonics’ and magma with 2 Styrofoam cups this fun and simple experiment! Red food coloring Bowl of water STEP 1: Add red food coloring to a bowl of water. STEP 2: Cut 2 styrofoam cups into 12 pieces. These represent the 12 major plates which are like the skin of the earth. STEP 3: Place the 12 pieces into the bowl of water. STEP 4: Push the plates around and watch the activity of the other plates, of the ‘magma’. Think about what might make a mountain range form, or a volcano erupt, or an earthquake happen. Discuss while you play!
WHAT’S HAPPENING As the plates move, they interact at their boundaries in different ways. At one type of boundary the plates slide alongside each other. At another type, the plates crash into each other. In this case the edge of one plate may slide under another plate and be destroyed. Or the two edges of the plates may rise up and form mountains. At the third type of boundary the plates move apart from each other. When they do, the melted rock beneath the plates rises up. This melted rock, or magma, cools as it rises and forms new crust.
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MARIE THARP
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Tharp. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 19.
, 19 12 12 26 23 12 1 5 23
20 23 4 1 23 14 1 6 25 1 6 12 26 23
12 26 23 7 10 17 7 24
21 7 6 12 1 6 23 6 12 19 4 22 10 1 24 12
15 19 11 19 4 5 7 11 12
. 11 21 1 23 6 12 1 24 1 21 26 23 10 23 11 17
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com MARIE THARP
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! GEOLOGIST PLATE OCEAN TECTONICS CARTOGRAPHER ROCKS MAP DRIFT WOMAN MAGMA
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com NEIL DEGRASSE TYSON
Neil deGrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, planetary scientist, author, and science communicator. He is one of the most visible and well-known scientists in the world.
As a young boy growing up in New York Although he was City, Neil deGrasse Tyson was fascinated recruited by by the sky above. Tyson followed his Cornell interest in space to become an icon in the University, he field of astrophysics. decide to attend
Harvard and As the director of the Hayden Planetarium, while there he Tyson became well known for his role in lettered in the debate surrounding Pluto's status as a wrestling and dwarf planet. was a member of the rowing team. In the tradition of Carl Sagan, Tyson educates the public as the host of the History Channel's television series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey. Tyson's love of science and learning serves as a stellar example for kids and adults alike.
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com Neil deGrasse Tyson MAKE A PLANETARIUM SUPPLIES INSTRUCTIONS: Pringles can Constellation printable STEP 1: Print out constellation template. Black paper STEP 2: Cut out the circles. Scissors STEP 3: Trace the plastic lid onto black paper Nail Flashlight three times. Cut out the three circles. STEP 4: Tape the constellations to the black circles and punch your nail through the ‘stars’. STEP 5: Wrap your can with decorative paper. STEP 6: Put one of your constellation circles into the plastic lid. STEP 7: Shine your flashlight inside the can, and point your can at the ceiling or wall in a dark room to see your constellations come to life! CONSTELLATIONS A constellation is a cluster of stars that create an imaginary shape… a celestial connect-the-dots. In a sky full of millions of stars, these con- nections between the brightest objects helps astronomers, storytellers, and night sky enthusiasts find their way in the vastness of space, like storied landmarks on a map.
Constellations often carry names and take the shape of gods, hunters, princesses, objects and mythical beasts associated with Greek mythol- ogy – however, at times, it requires quite an imagination to draw out what some constellations are supposed to represent! www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com Orion
Andromeda
Casiopea
NEIL DEGRASSE TYSON
Use your decoder ring to reveal a quote by Neil deGrasse Tyson. ** Turn your coder so the letter A lines up with 26.
19 7 4 17 4 8 18 13 14
6 17 4 26 19 4 17 4 3 20 2 26 19 8 14 13
19 7 26 13 14 13 4 19 7 26 19
- . 8 18 18 4 11 5 3 17 8 21 4 13
www.littlebinsforlittlehands.com NEIL DEGRASSE TYSON
Try to find all the words listed in the list below. Remember, the words can be up, down, diagonal, and backwards! ASTROPHYSICIST EARTH SCIENCE PLANET SPACE PLANETARIUM GALAXY CONSTELLATIONS TELESCOPE UNIVERSE
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