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" The one Idea which History exhibits as evermore developing itself into greater distinctness is the Idea cf Humauity—the noble endeavour to throw down all the barriers erected between men by prejudice and one-sided views ; and by setting aside ths distinctions of Religion, Country, and Colour, to treat the whole Human race as one brotherhood, having one great object—the free development of our spiritual nature."—Humboldt's Cosmos.

Content * Ireland .... 771 Indications of Beform m Doctors Are the Stars Inhabited ? 762 NEWS OF THE WEEK— PAGB An Episode in Town Iiife Commons 777 Jordan's Autobiography , 783 American Fishery 772 Tbe Question 766 " What's in a Name ?" .. 772 Hints to.New M.P.'s, by an Expe- Books on our Table 784 The Kafir "War ...... 766 Captain Atcherley Again 772 rienced " Stranger" 777 Letters from Paris..... 767 Cheap Funerals The Co-operative Movement 778 PORTFOLIO— Continental Notes 772 768 Miscellaneous , 772 The Dangers of the Temperance Letters of a Vagabond 784 " Von Beck"—Additional Evidence 768 Health of London daring the Week «' Cause" ... 779 Nunnery... 773 Comte's Positive Philosophy 785 The Norwood 769 Births, Marriages, and Deaths Emigrant's Transit Difficulties .. 773 OPEN COUNCIL— 770 THE ARTS— City Sympathy with the Sufferers at POSTSCRIPT 774 The Late Co-operative Conference 780 Montreal 770 Letter from Mr. E. Vansittart Neale 780 Signor KTegTini.., 787 PUBLI C AFFAIRS— Pietro il Grande 787 Curious Will Case 770 Ton Beck at Birmingham...... 780 * . Tb* Gold Fields of Australia 787 Agricultural Improvement 771 The Impossible War -with America 775 The Province of Toteratidn ... *** «•»•> 780 Bailway Aocidefct ...... 771 British Reaction on the Continent. 776 Verdict on the Duchessssa ofXentof Kent Ac-Ac The Clouded Bky 776 LITERATURE—LITERAT URE— COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS— czdent 771 Louis Napoleon's Best Friend 777 An American Thinker 781 | Markets, Advertisements, &c... 787-788

VOL. III. No. 125.1 SATURDAY, AUGUST 14, 1852. [Pkice Sixpence

guards to come forth, and promising to divide omnipotent, accountable to no one but himself;" %vm nf tk Wnk amongst them the re-captured cattle. He has the Tiberius of France, shared the fate of his kind recurred to the old " commando" system—a —having become a splendid scoundrel, how could War, possible or actual, is still the subject of the species of agricultural militia organization. Alto- he act like a gentleman ? But Lord Londonderry day. The American mail brings more about the gether, the attitude of the Governor Commander- still believed him, and waited for a reply to his ^ Fishery question ; and the Cape mail brings news in-chief is deferential and blustering; no real second letter. June passed ; July slowly lapsed of more disasters. Mr. Webster has been deliver- progress has yet been made in reducing the rebels ; away ; August arrived—three months, and still no ing a speech , professedly intended to moderate and meanwhile loss of life and property is in- reply. Lord Londonderry finds that " his Prince," tbe American mirid, but really calculated to creasing. M. Bonaparte, is a violator of solemn pledges ; inflame angry feeling ; a needless labour ; for we Another colonial subjectmerit s more attention and he lays the intercessory correspondence before believe that Americans will obtain all that they than it receives from tie public at large. More Europe and the world. The world will give the ask of Downing-street, by the help of public convicts are sent to Van Diemen's Land—to appellant what he asks—admiration for bis cre- opinion in England. The tone of our own swell the number of runaway convicts who reap- dulity, and contempt for his *' Prince." journals proves as much. The organ of the Peel pear in the gold diggings. The friends and set- The revival of Bonapartism in France is one party, that of the Manchester party, with most of tlers of Van Diemen's Land protest against this continued raise en schte. The people are caressed the Liberal papers, are adverse to the position as- short-sighted policy ; which also exasperates the with dramatic spectacles of past glories to atone sumed by Ministers ; the Times, which professes Australians generally; but our Government for present humiliations. Fete after f&te cheats to be a reflex of the public, bas had a series of perseveres. the Parisians of their self-respect, and beguiles daily articles, showing that the letter of the law Lord Londonderry is a chivalrous Irish soldier Frenchmen into forgetfulness of the rights of free- is on our side, the spirit of fairness on the other —-at least, such he delights to be thought. Spite men and the duties of citizens. The solitude and side, and urging, not the less effectively because of the proceedings in regard to the " Family the silence around the electoral urns, however, temperately, the necessity of revising the Minis- seat," he is unquestionably a gentleman—a little proclaimed trumpet-tongued the pent up indigna- terial policy. The organ of Ministers, the indiscreet, perhaps, but still a gentleman. As a tion. The very general abstention from voting Morning Herald, denies that anything new has soldier and a gentleman, he has, from time to even in the towns where Louis Napoleon was said been done ; on which the Times rejoins, that if time, endeavoured to prevail on M. Bonaparte to to be idolized, makes the isolation of the man the nothing new has been done, why make a parade release the gallant Arab from the durance of Am- more glaring, and proves that a country " cannot of it to the colonists of the British North American boise. Last year, we printed a correspondence be ruled in spite of itself." The President apes provinces, who had been led to expect somo new between the Irish soldier and the President of the the Czar in the suddenness and secrecy of his enforcement of protection for their fishing grounds? Republic ; and then, when his own fate hung movements. He goes to the Sologne one Satur- Either the colonists have been cajoled , or the trembling in tbe scales, M. Bonaparte said he had day to visit his new estate, and returns to St. United States are assailed. The argument is un- done all he could ; that if no more was done, it Cloud on Tuesday, the departure being announced 1 answerable ; but in fact the paper in the Herald was because he had not the power to do it: that in the Moniteur some hours after the return. is less noticeable as a disclosure of facts, than as when 1852 was passed the thing would be easier Niggard and offensive, even clemency sits upon an admission that tbe Ministerial position is un- of accomplishment ; and that, sooner or later, lie the usurper with an ill-grace : Fifteen exiles, of tenable. How Ministers are'to back out of their desired to set Abd-el-Kader free. Lord London- divers categories, are suffered to return to their absurd advance does not }r et appear. derry believed him. In December, we know, tbe country, and to excite their gratitude the official The intelligence from the Cape of Good Hope would-be liberator of Abd-el-Kader liberated him- press welcomes them with insulting paragraphs of is not quite so momentous, but is very discourag- self, and enslaved France. Abd-el-Kader and contemptuous pity. ing. It is clear that nothing has yet been done France were both in durance Vile. February Victor Hugo's burning words are stealing like to cheek the savages, who still make desperate came, Lord Londonderry still believing, wrote to fire from lip to lip, and from heart to heart, and raids on the border ; that tbey do not yet think remind M. Bonaparte of his promise. The Ides already begin to rouse his country from the <>f submission ; that tbe cession of independence of March were past : 1852 had come ; but the lethargy of indifference to the sense and the shame to the Emi grant Fanners of tbe Dutch race under hands of M. Bonaparte were now red with French of a national conscience. Proudbon, tin; self- Pretorius is made in a politic desire to conciliate blood, and how could he sign tbe release of the destroying sceptic, is permitted ; Victor Hugo, the men whose alliance with the Blacks is feared ; and Arab chief? For two months, Lord Londonderry fiery denouncer, is pursued as a terror and a that General Cathcart confesses the extremity of got not even a reply to his letter. In May he scourge. lua position, b y the desperately confident tone wrote again- trusting to the courtesy between gen- At home, the news is of mirtdr importance. which he assumes in threatening to establish his tleman and gentleman—that is, between Lord The Ministerial question is, for the time, absorbed own bead-quarters in fhe camp of Kreli. He also Londonderry and M. Bonaparte—for an answer. in the fishery affair ; and a general feeling grows appeals to the colonists, with a mixture of Still no reply. Of course, the " hero" who, in up among all parties, that the " difficulty " should not msinuated threat and promise ; urging the Burgher the word* of Londonderry, is " absolute, supreme, proceed without a consultation in Parliament ; yet [Country Edition.] cannot be withdritfn a*fr tfcig s$afrf6n of the year, when our ford flied, and the1 no one knows when Parliament is to meet, and courts only met to pass resolution Ministers desire to people, according to their . Qusljom , havie engaged in the of coridefatoce. As Kaine was on his the general idea is that put it business, withojw just and cannot way from the well have taken place without Sos ceives its coup de grace from the Weather. THK KAFIR W tefiowledgey and, fti rae*> without his concurrence or s&ttc* AR The more stirring .V^ gentlemen, I may venturemore than to say one vernment is actively preparing for any emergency tlmt on the ni ght of J uno 2nd, a body of Hottentots, under or two thi^fc* lf y-iniportant subject. In may arise?." the ¦;¦. / a»|^fc|*^Khl UiUmalder- attacked the cuttle-kraal belonging to ii... .,! ]<[ye , j .^lf n|iA|jgi^Wff»riip <,ifiri of the pursuits ol 1 he same paper shows that tho United States can ot e3ta-ieel can thirty Missionary Institution of Mount Coke. Seven men <)iiiMu tiz(ii^,- ^i^h^BBK on send a force of 12 vessels, mounting a total of KJl cattle years .¦wMbtJU^fttSe^ hardly be the place were killed and nino wounded ; but the guns, into tho fishing grounds by tho 15th of August ; cut from the wagons would havo been preserved, h«« and an additional force of G frigates, mounting 332 not u large mounted reserve appeared. Iho firing which f inhMK^^^J^^^^^^mihii^S sameu coast, in guns, by the 20th of August. was heard at Fort Murray ; and General Yorko des- and li^ik^ry^Sr^ii^^^^ivmconiothat they shall be , under this cannot be patched a squadron of Lancers and Cape Corps no loi^^%|^^nj ^mr^miwc^s- Weiw, far »» justifi(ul^tJj oulTMM«i»Sersuade himself that he had cheated tho country, and havo denied the rig , and violated iu tbe conception—perjury hi x Your contemp the execution—murder and that all who' once cursed, now adored him. The nega- the will of tho nation. t should be the assassination in the assault sole repl to their guilty manoeuvres, and the best —spoliation, swindling, robbery tive vote just accomplished, may, perhaps, havo opened y ex- in the triumph. This posure, of their impotence." crime bears within its bosom as integral his oyes. Now he may see that a void is gaping parts of itself —the suppression of law around him, nnd n void which broadens and deepens It would be a waste of time to dwell upon all the , the violation of constitutionally inviolable duy by day . You must have remarked that Strasburg, absurdities of this language. Two facts, however, it guarantees, arbitrary sequestration, confisca- tion of where the President lately found such an enthusiastic discloses : 1. The abstention has lieen considerable property, nocturnal massacres, secret butcheries, commissions reception , has, by abstaining from the municipal elec- enough to make tho functionaries of Bonaparte cry out. ' ' replacing tribunals, ten thousand citizens transported tions, refused to concur in recognising tho government 2. The Republicans are once more in the lists, and their , forty thousand citizens proscribed, sixty thousand of the usurper. The ollicial journals, tho Moniteur, eventual triumph already alarms MM. Ies Prefets. families ruined and driven to despair. These I'al rtc, Pays, Ike.., endeavour to create a diversion from Jj et us wait. Qui vivya, verra . On tho other hand, facts aro patent ! Ah ! well, painfu l as it may he to coii- fess, the elections. The Constitulionncl alone, for spite in a great number of localities, the electors havo pro- the assent of silence follows the, crime : it is there. present, Hgiunst Persigny, dwells with u malicious pertinacity tested against the nnuia.uvres employed by the agents visible, sensible to the sight and touch : nii'ii let it "pou the checks and defeats which the Government of Government to secure the success of their nominees. pass, tbey go to their business ; the* shops are' bus generally experienced . Cruel, you may imagine, It appears, from the protest of the electors of Mii- open , the Exchange gambles ; trade, sitting on its h»s been the disappointment at the Elysee. Louis rommoH (Charenle - Znferienre), that the sous-jircfet, bales, rubs its hands contented ly, and we are approach- "oniiparte, WUM so struck with tho result, that convoked all the functionaries of tho canton, and en- ing the t ime when all will be treated as a matter of io of fell ill. The chronic, rheumatism from which joined them menacingly to vote for Lucicn Murat, and course .' The man who sells a yard cloth does ndfc h in his hand say, It, ^Hui li.rs, bus struck his legs, and some days he is that his threats involved, not loss of oflieo alone, -hut hear tho very measure he holds ' is M»"t« unable to walk. His forthcoming visit to tho exile to Algeria. a false measure that rules.' The dealer who weighs an southern not the balance lift its voice departments causes some uneasiness. All the are making article of commerce hears Great preparations for the fUe of the ' '"go towns, fnmi Honleaux to Marseilles, even those and sny, «It is a false weight that governs.. ni» 15th inst. 'fhe outlay will be enormous. Gaines on whichwinei, the municiliinni. -iiuilpal councils....i,...,; !. havel,.,.,,. voted,,.,«,,,i largei _.. sums, or the a vast scale will bo instituted in different parts of # copy of tins reception and feasting of thc conqueror, havo We have received a energetic and fiery I'liris, to curry out the famous maxim of tho Roman It will receive distinct notice next stained from voting in tho indictment. week in an- recent elections, or have EmtiororH, " Pan em et Circences." With bread and other part of our paper.—Jin. of Leader. Prince Jerome Bonaparte is taking a cruise from port up only a clumsy and erroneous " Singular Order is this, having disorder for its basis, account of it—wro-non&» to port. He has visited Havre, Cherbourg, and St. Malo. in the dates. even™ in the negation of all rights, its stability founded on The inauguration of the statues in bronze of Bexnardin The Impostor' let every man who wears a s Account. iniquity. In these days de Saint Pierre and Casimir Delavigne took place on Sun- " G-orgy entrusted me with a despatch for scarf, a robe, or a uniform, let all who serve that man day, at Havre. The statues are executed by David the i? bassy at Vienna I had entrusted to know well, that when they deem themselves tbe agents (d'Angers). The Academie Franchise had deputed MM. me a 1*S" fr om Kossuth to the Embassy [&e. &c includ" of a Power, they are but the comrades of a pirate. de Salvandy ahd Alfred de Musset to represent that body another blunder in calling Mr. Motoschitzky a B^3 there are no more function- at the ceremony, but M. Salvandy was prevented from at- which he is not.] M Since the 2nd of December y military friends advised meT' tending by a sudden indisposition. The arts and sciences conceal the letters m my haversack. aries in France—there are only accomplices. The Nieuwer- This did not axmeZ were respectively represented by the Count de . to me good counsel. . . . ' I caused one of moment has come for every man to declare what he statues were the planks of th kerque and M. Michel Chevalier. When the cart to be hollowed out at the end, without has done, and what he is still doing. The gendarmes uncovered in the presence of the municipality, M. A. de breaking th surface of the side, and placed all my letters Musset made a brief speech, in which, alluding to the un- in the %nux, that arrested the citizens whom the man of Strasbourg thus formed. The plank was then replaced, and expected absence of M. de Salvandy, who was to have made the job and Boulogne calls insurgents, arrested the guardians ing at the end rubbed over with clay. ...On the evening the speech, he said he could not venture to dilate upon the of December the 5th I left of the Constitution : the judge who tried the com- Presburg. . . . Early on the graceful tenderness of the author of " Paul and Virginia," 6th I entered Vienna. ...I batants of Paris and the provinces, set in the dock repaired to the Hotel of the or the manly genius and pure style of Casimir Devigne, . Embassy, where I was received with the upholders of the law. The gaoler who turned the without study and reflection. M. Ancelot, of the Academy, the greatest attention. ...In the evening I received the dungeon-bolt upon tbe condemned prisoners read some verses composed for the occasion. Count de promised , held in answer of the Ambassador to Kossuth's letter.' durance the defenders of the Republic and of the State. Pelleport, a relative of Bernardin de St. Pierre, thanked the town of Havre for the honour done to his ancestor. Mr. Stiles ' Account. The African general who imprisons at Lambessa the M. Franoni, the recalcitrant Archbishop of Turin, has "On the night of the 2nd December transported victims sinking under the burning heat, , 1848, the author been on a visit to the Cardinal Archbishop of B^sanejon. was seated in the Offi ce of the Legation of shuddering the United with fever, digging furrows which will be The Grand Council of Neufchatel has passed a law for States at Vienna, when his servant introduced a their the punishment of hi h treason rebellion, and sedition. youna graves—that General, I say, robs, tortures, murders g , female, who desired, as she said, to see him at once upon men with whom is the right. All—generals, offi cers, This law is intended to restrain the manoeuvres of the urgent business. She was a most beautiful and Prussian monarchical faction in the Canton. graceful gendarmes, judges—all are guilty of a heinous crime : creature , and, though attired in the dress of a peas The latest accounts of the Emperor of Austria's progress ant they are the persecutors—I do not say of innocent the grace and elegance of her manner, the fluency and in Hungary are from Klausenburg, where he was on the corr ectness of her French, at once denoted that she men, but of heroes—not of victims, but of martyrs ! 3rd instant. He was expected at Vienna on the 14th was nearer a princess than a peasant. ... [A wagon rack was The present aspect of things, seemingly calm, is really instant. fetched into the room.] This rack, which is a fixture The presence of the Archbishop of Paris at the Faculty at- troubled. Let none be mistaken: when public morality tached either to the fore or back part of a peasant's wagon of Letters of Paris, on a recent occasion, is considered a , is eclipsed, a dreadful shadow creeps over the whole and intended to hold hay for the horses during a journey, was demonstration by the head of the church in France, in order of society: every guarantee is lost—all protection composed of small slats, about two inches wide, and about favour of the classical system of education condemned by the ei hth of an inch thick, crossing vanishes. g each other at equal the Univers and the Abbe Gaunie. A thesis in Latin, and distances, constituting a semicircular net-work. . . . An " Henceforth there exists no longer in France a tribu- one in French, were delivered; the former was a defence hour nearly was consumed before we could get the rack in nal, a court, a judge that dare administer justice or of Pope St. Gregory against the charge of having perse- pieces. When this was accomplished, we saw nothing be- pronounce a sentence upon any man, in any matter. cuted letters and destroyed the cliefs-d' ceuvre of antiquity; fore us but a pile of slats; but the fair cornier, taking and the latter, on the study of profane literature during the Drag before the assizes what criminal you will, the them up one by one, and examining them very minutely, early ages of the Christian era. The conclusions of the at length selected a piece, exclaiming, ' This is it !' Ij thief will say to the jud The Chief of tlie State y ge—' candidates were altogether in favour of the system . fol- the aid of a penknife, to separate its parts, the slat was stole 25 millions out of the Pank ; ' the false witness lowed for so many ages in the French schools. found to be composed of two pieces, hollowed out in the will say to the judge—' The Chief of the State stvore The dispute between the ultra-clerical party and the middle, and affording space enough fo hold a folded an oath before God and man, and that oath he broke f State on the projected Civil Marriage Law, is still raging letter. . . . in Piedmont. The Bishops of Savoy have issued a violent the man accused of arbitrary sequestration will say— " The statement, therefore, of a person assuming the address declaring any catholic married under the ne^r law title and name of Paroness Peck ' The C7iitf of t7ie State arrested and imprisoned ,and who, in a work upon , in as ipso facto excommunicate : his wife a concubine, and the Hungarian War, published in England about two ite of every sp law, the representatives of the sovereign her offspring illegitimate. The Sardinian Government years ago, claimed for herself the credit of having been of people/ the swindler will say — ' Th e Chief of the has taken no notice thia ecclesiastical protest ; but M. the bearer of the despatch referred to, is altogether without State swindled his mandate, swindled his power, Peinati, the Minister of the Interior, has in a circular foundation." —Austria in 1848-9 , vol. ii. p. 156, note. warned the provincial authorities against the factious swindled the Tuileries ; ' the forger will agi- " Mr. Stiles expressly says, on the 12th December of the say—' The tations of the priests. Chief of the State falsified the suffrage ;' the footpad same year, that he had ' heard nothing more from either The Pasle Gazette announces that the petition of the side.' "—-lb., p. 403. will say—' The Chief of the State plundered, like a populace of Friburg against the Government imposed cut-purse, the Princes of the house of Orleans ; ' the on them was rejected by the Federal Assembly, on the Diary of one of the Impostor' s Comrades. 5th inst., b majority of 79 to 18 voters. murderer will say —" The Chief of the State mowed y a " Some very remarkable additional relating Filangieri has resi and since resumed tho gover- evidence to down by grape and musket shot, sabred , and bayonetted gned, this imposture has been furnished h norship of Sicily. y a Diary written in ' ' the Hungarian tongue which was found in the house the pass ers-by in the open, street ; and all alike, and The trials for the revolt of May , lo, have again com- whose hospitalit impostor had with one voice, swindler, forger, false witness, footpad, menced at Naples. y the abused in Birming- ham. It contains no name or mark indicating who was burglar, assassin, will cry— And An electric telegraph has been put up between Naples ' you,jud ges, you went the writer. It was not written b principal impostor and Gaeta. This is the first experiment of thc sort in the y the to salute that man, you went to praise him for his per- herself, for sho could neither write nor Speak Hungarian. kingdom. The material is all English. jury, to comp liment him for having so adroitl e Two of her comrades (besides Derra) visited her while y forg d, The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa quotes letters from there : but each of these like Derra himself denied, at to glorify him for having swindled, to congratulate Rome of the 4th stating that Austria and France , , , havo Warwick, that he had ever called her as sho is called in him on having robbed, and to thank him for having if, in contemplation to withdraw their troops fro m thc this Diary. Who was tho writer is however, of no im- murdered.' Roman states leaving onl about 2 000 French at Civita , , y , portance. The contents of which the opportunity of in- Vccchia anel a small Austrian garrison at Ancona. This , "This is a grave posture of affairs; to fall asleep on , specting a translation has been afforded mo speak for is to be done as soon as tho Papal troops shall have been , such a state of things would be one disgrace the more ! themselves. It will bo enough here to call attention to a organized. We need scarcely add that the materials for a It is tim e, I say, that this monstrous lethargy of the few points. Papal , as distinguished from a national army, do not ex- to tho public conscience he shaken off; after the scandalous ist at Rome. " The Diary extends from the 1st of January 26th of August, 1851. The first noticeable fact is, that triumph of* crime let there not be witnessed the fur Our Mediterranean fleet increased b thc screw-squadron , y the impostor is therein many times called ' Racidula ;' nieire .scandalous from Lisbon, under the orders of Admiral ]3undas, is indifference of the civilized world ; if never, except once, with a sneer, spoken of as ' Baroness.' cruising off Capo Le Gatt, trying rates of sailing, exercis- that wore to be, avenging history would record the Where not called ' Racidula,' she is called simpl ' Beck,' ing crews at gunnery, &e. The Firebrand employed to y recompense ; and from this very a with tho feminine termination. d y, as the wounded take tho mails to ami fro to Gibraltar has latel been in- , y " On tho Oth of January is the entry, ' Conspiracy [con- lion seeks solitude to die, so the man of justice would dulging the " rank and fashion" of Malaga to a grand ball juratia is tho force of thc ori inal] at 's:' and sevoral hide his facte in the midst of the common degradation, given b the officers of the squadron in tho oiling, who g y , other entries occur showing tho sort of thing that was and take no doubt wero glad enough to refresh themselves from , refuge in the immensity of contempt. .But , going on in this direction. their labours at sea b " this wil l not be, men will awake and arouse themselves. y n peep at tho " beauties of tho " Attention must now ho recalled to tho documents Spanish shore. This hook has no other object than to roust; tJiem from No. II. and III. above.* Tho date of each of them is their sleep," Aze. A'e. &c 15th January. Now in tho Diary thoro occurs, on tho VON BECK"—ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE. 1.2th of January, the following Consultation at I his brochure circulates, as 1 have said, clandestinely. " entry :—' Raciduhi's.' And, on tho 15th itself the writer expressly Thousands of copies have been sold AooomiiNU to promise wc present the reader with the , , and create a prodi- enters :—'At Racidula's.' There can bo no doubt that gious sensation. Public, opinion is deep ly moved. Kvery important evidence contained in Mr. Toulmin Smith's these letters we;re planned at the ' consultation' of tho 12fh. effort is made, to introduce it into the provinces, es- pamphlet on the Von Heck imposture :— In the begging letter of tho 15th tho impostor says she is pecial ly (he rural districts. The latest ordonnancc ' abandoned by her friends, without acquaintances ;' and The Statement of the United Stales ' Charge di Affaires. Jhit it against hawkers of pamphlets was specially directed declares she must die of hunger if not relieved. " Tiie book itself, published under pretence of its having is proved, by this Diary, this letter against this terrible denunciation. You may conceive that, at tho very timo been written by this woman, contains abundant internal was sent off, the writer of tho Diary was frequently with how the Government dreads its power. S. evidence of its want of authenticity. This ev idence would her; that ' consultations' wero held with her ; and on tho pass unobserved by the; mass of English readers, requiring, SHh of February is the entry, 'With Beck and her com- CONTINENTA L NOTES iih it deies, a familiarity with tho details of places and events. rades. ' And it appears by the same Diary that, with no Neveral such instances were pointed out at the hearing moans of lawful income appearing since tho date oi the The; Treat y uf Commerce of 1815, between -Franco and before tho Magistrates at Hirmingluim. But an illustra- letter of the 15th January, this woman and hor comrades liclgiiiin , has been sufli-rcd to lapse without any provi- tive instance; can now be givem of the absence of authen- lived in any thing but a starving state. sional renewal by thc two Oovcrninents. Tho Moniteur ticity, e ven in points with which, as tbe servant of the " From the same Diary it is demonstrated that tl«) ascribes (bis result tot In- M inisteriiil crisis in liclgium ; princi pal spy, Raciilula might be supposed to have been ac- writer of it was also the eoncOetor of tho whole or greater unel asserts that negotiation**, " whie-h it is hoped may ter- quainted. On page .'10, Ac., of Pe rsonal Atliuintnres (first, part of the book which was to bo foisted on the public as ,HH minate favourably," n r#- nti. 1 in ]>r o^r *-\i> . In some; quar- edition), it is told how the protended writer this woman the Autobiography oJ 'the Paro ness Von Peck. No " with no ters it is surmised that lli dfri titti I^A.i favourable, of 54, as sworn by Dorru at the trial /it Warwick-—was than three l ayreeunfi ts ' with her aro expressly inention eth e ye; on these' convention«, and ii inftii *ft > ' ?***t\ i'i renew thoni. He inl. (ei the United States Embassy at. Vienna, and how Tho following *;nlrie;s speak for themselves :—March •• A Paris letter in the Fmf nyt'zitj /ir 'lu'm, t,i Brussels, men- she concealed her despatches. Mr. Stiles, the United (States 'My work leases Bock.' M arch 7. ' Bock has hud mjr (arroqiondenf p tions the expulsion from I'raw *- ni the. . of a Charge' d'Affaires, has lately published his own narrative work copied.* M arch 20. ' Beck has great need of m»- Hungarian journal, who ca me: to I'ttrw with M, Tclck i of what then look place. Let the two be compared. If April 25. ' M uch writing of Beck 's Memoirs.' April *». i n MB . will he; founel that they are; wholl y irreconcilable, both as ' First volume of Memoirs.' August «— two days after n M. Pe rsigny is at Dieppe, en rang t, M. Magno taking lei the) person and the mode of carry ing the despatches. is recorded in the same Diary that tho woman had g<>»" ro- his portfolio of the H ome Department. The up holders of the Imposture must necessarily charge from 'London to Birmingham, the writer of tho Diary The President se;t out. on Saturelay l ast , quite; suddenly, Mr. Stiles with wilful anel motiveless falsehood. Every mainiiig i u London New beginning of Beck's A utobio- ' 10 < e > visit his recently purchased estate in I.o ttedogno, where one else) will see, as the fact was, that this I mpostor never graph y? August II. ' Memoir writing.' In the su" extensive work s of drainage are in progress. lie returned went on such amission af all. It was the person named » to Nt. Cloud on Monday night , and on the following morn- in Mr. Pulszky's anel Mr. Ilaj iiik's letters, as the ' prin- * Two bogging letters, stating that Von HoQk was i« ing his departure was announced in the Moniteur. cipal spy,' who was wont on thut mission. Racidula picked starving und friendless condition. in payments of tent that she had been much injured in health, and had never kept in the " trial class" room for any length of m-arv are entries of disappointments nev by the woman to the writer, and of actual pay- lost the sight of one eye. time, but were always allowed to take exercise during made; while, in another part of the same docu- It seems that the girl was in a bad state of health the day. They were placed with their faces to the ments on the nt there is found a page of accounts, m which, entered the convent, and was generally of a wall, to avoid the temptation of speaking. Griffiths ™ following.— when she editor side, stands the appeared very weak and feeble when she came to the c very scrofulous habit. Memoies. Mr. Montague Chambers opened the case with a de- convent ; she was treated with every kindness and at- 20th. May lottailed account of her grievances. tention. A certain amount of food was allowed for the Copymg • • • J° children, but she believed they always had more. Qriqinat . • •• ••• v. sat - ^v He then called Griffiths herself as witness. After fOther credits are mentioned, amounting to] 17 3 3 stating the circumstances of her entering the convent, Madame. De l'Espinasse, who succeeded Madame she went on to describe their diet. Their breakfast Dossville, did not think tbat she had ever punished 27 13 9 soup, made of peas and rice, which was .820 consisted of Griffith s in any way, or ordered any punishment to be Paid. also given to them for dinner sometime, with tbe ad- inflicted on her. She had never placed her in the trial £19 11 9' dition—about three times a week—of meat, of which class or in the kitchen. The directions which Dr. not onl for his they had as much as they could eat. For supper, they Chapman had given as to her treatment had been " Thus the Diarist very properly charges, y labour in writing the original of the pretended ' Autobio- had vegetables, such as cabbage. There was a punish- carried out ic every pajticular. It was by his direc- graphy,' but for the copying of the first manuscript. No ment, which they called " the trial class." They were tions that she was placed in a dark room. She was the terms arranged in the three agree- doubt this was in made to sit on a low stool, facing a whitewashed wall placed in several rooms, one Of which was very and 9, and April 12) already mentioned. small, ments (March 1 close to them, and tbey were not allowed to look round public j ournal has vouched that the woman ' con- being eight feet by five, but she was not kept long in " One four o'clock in the ducted herself with entire respectability upon English soil.' or speak. They were kept thus from this room. She had a seat in each room. She was Without polluting these pages with any of the disgusting morning till nine at night, and this was often continued kept apart from the others, at first, because she had an details which it would have been proper ior the defendants, for several days. Griffiths then told a strange story, eruption on the skin. She could not have been for- , in the case of Derra v.Dawson and others, to have proved about Cardinal Wiseman coming to visit the convent, gotten for a day and a night when she was in .were prepared to prove had not the the and which they and about a robe which she was to present to him as broken'down, it is quite sufficient to take, on this darkened room : the arrangements of the convent plaintiff although in fact she matter, the words of this Diary. Such entries as the having been made by her class, would render such a thing impossible. She was never following are conspicuous :—' Beck is a real hag ;' ' The had never seen it before. According to her account, forced to go to confession, nor was any threat ever lesson has been useful to Beck ;' ' Quarrel with Beck ;' she displeased the superiors because she would not tell made use of to compel her to do so. She was never ' Beck grows daily tamer ;' ' The Baroness furious on ac- him that she had bad a hand in the making of it. For punished by prostration. Madame De l'Espinasse !' Beck a harpy ;' e&c. e&c." count of ' this offence , she stated that she had been placed in the never refused to allow her to go with her aunt to see consists of three letters The remaining evidence - kitchen for punishment. The damp and cold of the the oculist. Her aunt never made any complaint as to that Von Beck men- One from General Kmety, stating kitchen, together with the hard work which she was ber treatment, but, on tbe contrary, expressed great tions his name in her book " several times, always set to there, made her ill. When Dr. Chapman, the gratitude for the kindness shown to her< Madame de coupled with insipidly absurd -untruths." Another from medical attendant of the convent, noticed tbat she had l'Espinasse continued the system of diet which had been Baron Csesar Mednyansky, showing that there are only grown worse and worse, he was told that she had not practised by Madame Dossville, with but little altera- two ladies living who bear the name of Baroness Beck, taken her medicine. She told the doctor that she had tion. She provided meat for the children five times a- hoth born Horeczky, the name Racidula gave as her always taken what was given to her, and for saying week. The meat given to them was of the same kind maiden name; and that tbere never were any other this she had to undei-gothe punishment of prostration. as that provided for the boarders, who paid 301. a-year. ladies of that name married to any gentleman of the This was lying on the face upon the floor. She was The weekly consumption of meat was from 350 to 370 Beck family of late years. Baron Mednyansky's state- afterwards kept in a small, dark closet, being threatened pounds, and there were about 100 inmates in the house. ment is circumstantial ; he himself is a friend of the with the " trial class" if she should attempt to go out. The children were allowed to go out to walk for an family. The third letter is from Captain Hahn, who For three months she was kept there, from four in the hour after dinner, and, in summer, for half an hour states, from personal knowledge, that he found that morning till nine at night, without being allowed to go after breakfast. There were generally about thirty Racidula had been a domestic servant at Vienna. out for any purpose. There was neither chair nor table children in delicate health in the establishment, and These are Mr. Smith's new allegations in proof of in the room, and she was obliged to lie on the floor. these were allowed more meat. [It seems as if there the imposture. But we think it right to reprint the One day they forgot to bring her any food, and left must be some error in this statement, as there following, in order that another opportunity may be her in the closet all night. At one time she was placed were but thirty-two in the orphanage class ; — es- given to those who ought to refute it if they are in the trial class for refusing to go to confession, her pecially when compared with the subsequent statement able :— eye being then very bad. Dr. Chapman then ordered of Mr. Chapman, that the health of these children was Statement of diaries de Soden. her beer and meat twice a day, but no alteration was remarkably good.] Fifteen, only, of the orphanage " 13, Sussex-street, UniverBity-street, Aug. 26, 1851. made in ber food. She had sometimes water, coloured class were paid for entirely, the rest being partly sup- I " In reply to thc inquiry contained in your kind note, to get worse. At beg to inform you that the person styling herself ' Ba- with beer, to drink. She continued ported by the establishment. Madame De l'Espinasse roness de Beck' is the same who, accompanied by Dr. one time her aunt saw her, and was very much shocked positively declared that Griffiths was never treated in Heinemann, offered personally her services as a spy and at her appearance. In reply to some inquiry of the any way differently from the others, except in accord- informer to the recently established foreign branch of tho superior, the aunt was told that they did not allow any ance with the . medical directions. She was, in fact, English police force. This I know from good authority, one to interfere in cases of illness. They would not treated rather more favourably than the otlfers, as they and I know likewise that for a fortnight or three weeks , until the aunt she has obtained for such services tho sum of 51. 16s. 8d. allow her aunt to take her to an oculist had an especial interest in her. On cross-examination, per week. It is also no secret to me that tho soi-disant threatened to apply to a magistrate. She was at length Madame De L'Espinasse said that one child wished to Baroness introduced herself to tho Commissioners of tho taken to Dr. Alexander, who said that her life de- remain in the trial class room for an indefinite period, Police by forwarding a letter written by Dr. Heinemann, pended on the way in which she was treated. Her in order that she might correct herself. The chief se- anel con taining an enclosure, which consisted of some aunt offered to send her some stout, but the superior that they were separated articles verity of this punishment was, and regulations adojited by an association of the left the convent, Gorman Communists in London. With regard to Miha- would not allow it. When she at last from the other children, and wero not allowed to speak loczy, he himself has admitted to mo that tho baroness and went to live with her aunt, she was told by the to one another. They were never more than six hours insti gated him to the attack on your husband, and that assistant superior, that if she said anything about what during the day in that room, except in rainy weather, she; has defrayed all the expenses of the subsequent pro- took place in the convent, she would be damned. On when they might have been there, twelve hours. It ceedin gs. Should it bo requisite, I will with much plea- cross-examination, she admitted that the doctor had or- was not b the desiz-e of the aunt that Griffiths left tho sure; substantiate tho above statement by tho production y of unexceptionable evidence. Trusting you will use your dered her to be kept in tho shade, on account of the convent, but, when tbe aunt took her away the first timo, best endeavours in placing tho illiterate she-impostor be- state of her eyes, and this might have been the reason Madame Do l'Kspinasse wished to get rid of the girl fore; the pidilic in her true character, and in tearing tho of her con finement in a dark room. altogether. She was never locked up in a dark room, mask from her unblashing eountonaneo, I beg to subscribe Mr. Alexander, the oculist, said sho had been brought but remained there voluntarily. m yself yours very respectfully, to him from Norwood ; the si ht of her left eye was (Signed) " Cuait iTi.s he Soden." g Mr. Chapman, the medical officer to the convent, completely gone, and her right eye was in much said, that tho general health of the establishment was THE NfOItWOOD NUNNERY. danger. The second timo ho saw her she appeared no very good, and the health of the orphans in particular. but a fortni ht after she had been removed Tina case the pluintifi; had neglected to do so; that thoy hud ceeded by Mudaine Do l'Espinasso, gavo some account wore supported by what was left on the plates worked her beyond her strength, and had improperly of the inodo of life of the orphanage class. She said throughout the establishment. She hud the charge ot confined ,„i4 otherwise ill-treated her, to such iui ex- they hail meat four times a-week. The children wore tho class iu which Griffiths was placed, and as far letter He mentioned the fact, as Miss Leith knew, she was never punished but by the l7tb. On the 10th , Mr. Bastard received a that a considerable portio oft" till the of tho sufferers were having a piece of paper fixed upon her head, inscribed stating that the time of departure was put Roman-oatholics, and he ho that Protestants d with the words " Mefiez vous de cet enfant." This 25th, and another afterwards announcing a further would seize this opportunity of sh 6th ing that they did not allow was inflicted for stealing some needles belonging to delay till the 30th. Another postponement till the any difference of creedT his inten- interpose between the cry of another child. Miss Leith had never heard of her of August induced Mr. Bastard to abandon suffering humanity and being required to say or to do anything with regard tion of sailing by that vessel, and he accordingly wrote the sacred exercise of charity. , and 101. as a The Governor of the Bank of to the robe presented to Cardinal Wiseman. She knew to Mr. Woolley demanding his deposit England moved the- that Griffiths was of a scrofulous habit ; she thought compensation for tbe trouble and expense he had been second resolution :— put to. Mr. Woolley denied that he was under any that at one time she did not have enough meat. " That the exertions which are being made in Canada. Madame Desiree de Brenville, known in religion as contract to sail on the 7th of July, but offered to re- to render assistance to the sufferers can only afford partial! Sister St. Theodosie, had succeeded Miss Leith in the turn the deposit, or to pay one shilling a-day as deten- and temporary relief; and this meeting is of opinion that the calamity which has suddenly overtakeh management of her class. Griffiths had only been tion money, from the time Mr. Bastard first went to so many or our felloe-subjects appeals loudly to the symnathvJ P anrii placed once in the trial class, and that was for say ing London. liberality of the British public." ?M that she would never obey one of her mistresses. She Mr. Joseph Gull, a partner of Mr. Woolley, denied This was seconded by Baron RothschilcL was quite sure that Griffiths was never forced to go to that they had entertained any idea of acting illiberally Mr. IL C. Be van moved the third resolution :- confession. This was always ft voluntary act on the towards their passengers. He maintained that the — part of the children. She was also sure that meat and case came under the 33rd section of the act, limiting " That a subscription be now opened, antf that books be left at all banking-houses in the beer were provided for Griffiths according to the doctor's the demand to one shilling a-day ; and he stated that metropolis, with a re- quest that they will receive contributions for this ' directions. She had porter given to her, but she often if the 32nd section were put in practice in the case of object. " would not drink it, and sometimes threw it away. inevitable postponement, the owners or charterers of A committee was appointed to receive subscriptions Madame Folinot, one of the nuns who managed the vessels would be put to such a ruinous expense that and to apply them in such way as they should consider- kitchen when Griffiths was sent there, declared that the prudent firms would be deterred from engaging to most effectual. girl was never set to do anything that was beyond her carry out emigrants. strength, or was likely to injure her health. She was The Lord Mayor remarked that they had been post- CURIOUS WILL CASE in the kitchen from five o'clock in the morning till nine poning from time to time, and inquired when they A BEMAKKABiiE case respecting at night. would be ready to start. Mr. Gull replied, " To-mor- a will was deiatled" on. Tuesday, after Madame Armant Degier, the cook, stated that row morning." On the other hand, it was stated, on occupying the Prerogative C&m* fbr several days. The testator Griffiths had never done anything in the kitchen but behalf of Mr. Bastard, that the vessel was not yet , Mr. John Easthape, died in January 1849 , a bachelor, having light work. fitted up. It was urged that if Mr. Bastard were now personal property to the amount of 15 000Z., but possessed of no Elizabeth Bedser, one of the girls who had been in to embark in this vessel, he might on the voyage be . real estate. He bad executed a will in 1844, and had the orphanage class in tbe convent, at the same time as disagreeably reminded of the proceedings he was now kept-ifr ia-his possession till September, 1846 ; on the th» obtain probate the soup, made of dripping, and made much of the Alderman Finnis said the subject was very important, , alleging that the will was missing only,, or, if number of hours the girl had been worked in the and that he had carefully considered it. He thought destroyed, had been destroyed either by some one else than the kitchen. He thought tbat the trial class was a very the paper signed by Mr. Woolley was to all intents and testator, or by the testator when of un- sound mind cruel punishment, and urged that looking so long at a purposes a bond f ide contract. The delay had been , and consequently incapable of revoking; the will. white surface was very painful to the eyes. unreasonable, and the strong points in Mr. Bastard's It was urged on the other hand, on behalf of. Sir John The Chief Justice, in summing up, strongly censured case bad been admitted by Mr. Woolley's letter, Easthope, that the testator was of sound; Cardinal Wiseman for evading the service of the sub- Mr. Ballantme again stated that the ship would sail mind until the 9th of September, 1846 ; and that, as a>. dili poena, although the affair in which he had been con- the next day, but Mr. Wontner said that his client, as gent search had unsuccessfully been made> for the^ will a few cerned had nothing to do with the question. He did well as ten or a dozen more of the emigrants, were not days after that time, there was a strong? not think that the absence of the aunt amounted to now disposed to go by that vessel. presumption that the testator had destroyed the willi animo any thing. There was a mystery about the child ; if It was finally arranged to refer the matter to the revocandi while he was yet of sound mind.. The bulk she was the illegitimate child of the brother of Dr. arbitration of Captain Lean. of the property by the alleged will waaitltt to Miss Easthope. Griffi ths, the Bishop of Gibraltar, that would probably A similar case was brought before Mr. Mansfield , The evidence account for the interest shown towards her by Cardi- the stipendiary magistrate of Liverpool. The City of given was very voluminous, but tlia onl important nal Wiseman. The judge thought it would not lie suf- Lincoln had been detained fifteen days beyond the time y parts were those alluded to below, ,as. they ficient to prove an innocent omission on the part of the of sailing, on account of the charterers not having paid were referred to by Sir J. Dodson, the judge. Mr. Parkes ! defendants to do something that might possibly have the whole of the contract money to the owner. It was deposed that the testator had called upon him been beneficial to the jdaintiff. There appeared to be decided that the case came within the 32nd section of on the 3rd of September, 1846, and had pro- duced the will great confusion in the evidence of Griffiths in rearard to the act. The plaintiff recovered 151. f or his passage- , then perfect in every respect, request- ing Mr. the dates ; the affair of the robe could not have taken money, and 31. as compensation. Parkes to revoke the appointment of his father as executor. Mr. place at the time she represented it. With regard to This Mr. Parkes objected to do. Easthope of his the diet, he thought that even if they had meat but then became very violent, and spoke CITY SYMPATHY WITH THE SUFFERERS father in was throe times a week they could hardly consider it as in- a most disrespectful way. His conduct such as insane. sufficient. As to the discipline of the convent, they AT MONTREAL. to convince Mr. Parkes that he was After leaving Mr. Parla's. Mr. Easthope met Mr. must take into consideration that the religion to which A PTTBI.TO meeting of merchants bankers, and others, , Hnrkncss, bis principal clerk, who, from his conduct both pavtie* belonged was severe in its forms and cere- was held at the Mansion House to take on Wednesday, and conversation at that timo, also concluded that lie: monies. If the defendants did not desire the lienefit of measures to relieve the distress occasioned by the re- was unsound in mind. He went afterwards to thei the child he diel not see what motive they could have cent fire at Montreal. There were present, Baron house of Mr. Doyle, his brother-in-law, who, together - in calling in tbeir own doctor as well as another. Rothschild, M. P.; Mr. B. Oliveira, M.P.; Mr. Jtolt, with Mrs. Doyle, came to the same conclusion. Woods,, The jury, af ter deliberating three quarters of an M.P.; M essrs. A. Gillespie, C. Mills, R. C. Bovan, E. a footman of Mr. Doyle, who hud been accustomed t<» hour, returned a verdict for the defendants. Gurncy, the Governor of the Bank of England, Messrs. attend upon lunatics, and saw a great deal of Mr. East- J. Dilion, J. Bradbury, W. Leaf, N. Gould, W. Chap- EMIGRANTS* hope on that and the following day s, formed the sftfuoi TRANSIT DIFFICULTIES. man, T. II. Brooking. R. Gillespie, jun., the Jtcv. A. opinion as to the state of his mind. Woods also s'^ted t Ma. Tiiomah Wooixioy, of Culluni-strcct, Lime street, I). Campbell, of Montreal, the Hon. A. Kiniiuird, M.P., T that about four o'clock on the morning of the (fell ol . ship agent, appeared before the Lord Mayor, on Tues- the Rev. T. Binney, Messrs. R. Harrison, and S. Cope- ' September, Mr. Easthope went into the kitchen, witlli day, in answer to a summons obtained under the Pas- stake. him for a cup of tea, and there burnt a large, mill oT sengers' Act, 12fh and 13th Vic. c. 32, on the following The Lord Mayor, who presided, was sure that the piqiers, amongst which were some rolls of foolstftyp . l'Ao facts. Mr. J I. F. Bustard, of Portsea, was desirous of citizens of London, as well as the country generally, threatened to knock Woods down if ho attempted to emigrating to Australia, and having noticed an adver- would manifest their y with those who were sympath save them. The will had never been seen «it\c«v ami tisement stating that the ship Alfred would sail for suffering from this calamity. He reminded them that the Judge had scarcely a doubt that it hmd: bee «*e- Port Philip on the 7th of Jul y, his father, Mr. II . J. the winter in Canada was far more seven; than in this * stroyod on that occasion, and that the tes tator- rtm Bastard, went to town, and engaged a cabin passage, country, lie had received letters fro m Mr. Master- then of unsound mind. In any case, tl*» pvesmnptum: pay ing ten guineas as a deposit, and being at the time man, M.P., Mr. C. S. Butler, M.P., Mi-. Baring, and of law was, that Mr. Easthope hiu\ dosa royad tlUtr ]iositivoly assured that the vessel would sail on the day other gentlemen, expressing their regret that they were will after he had become insane. It was accordingly stated. He took a recei t for the money, at the foot prevented from affendiiiir the meeting. p decided to grant probate of the draught of the wilf of which were the words, " To sail about the 7th of Mr. A . Gillespie moved the first resolution :— which had been " pro]Mmuded" b Miss Etisthoj ie. Tlh» .I nly." The word " about" being inserted by one of " That this meet ing regret of the y has hear el with deep Judge thought that there was no ground' for suspicion the clerks as from au afterthought, a fter Mr. Bastard late calamitous fires at Montreal, by which nearl one- y that Sir John Eusthoji o hail destroyed or purposely had first taken the recei t. Mr. Bustard having got third of tho city, consisting principally of tho dwellings of p the poorer withheld the will, or that be had failed in diligent** in everything read inhabitants, has been destroyed, and about y for his son, an advertisement apjsaired 10,(XJO human searching their - «w« in the ' beings havo boon deprived of shelter and for it. Each party-wore to pi»y Times stating that the vessel would not sail till tho meunu of subsistence." costs. AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT. one of them being connected with a strip of plate torn luggage was a small portfolio, containing an order for side of the ash-pan. A train had passed over 50Z. and two circular 101. notes, and inside the port- Northumberland Agricultural Society held their from the The not folio bis name written in full. exhibition of implements and stock, in tbe the spot an hour and a half previously. He did and address was niversary could bave The jury returned the following verdict :—" That " of Belford, on Tuesday. There were think one person , in that interval, eiffhhourhood stone large h to cause the ac- the deceased , John Sard, came by bis death through ing-machines exhibited, one from CrosskilFs, placed on the line a enoug 1 vo reap cident j he thought it must have been produced by an an accidental collision between the Duchess of Kent r j 1J(r modification of Hussey's, and another invented a up-standing rail. and the Pavensbourne steamers, off North Fleet, on Bixpn, of Woller, which bore a great resem- \>y Mr. Captain Laffan, of the Royal Engineers, who had the 1st of July, 1852. The jury cannot separate with- to Hussey's, the corn when cut being delivered blance examined the engine, and the scene , of tbe accident, out expressing their feelings in terms of strong con- moving canvass. by a ht that the ash-pan had given way, in conse- demnation, in consequence of the neglect of thc ownez's grotfnd was crowded with visitors, when a vio- thoug The quence of tho failure of the supports. He did not of the Duchess of Kent not advertising the property of storm of rain and thunder drove them helter- lent think there could have been any obstacle on the Hue the said John Sard in tbeir custody, they having had into the tents, and kept them imprisoned thero skelter that could have torn off the ash-pan. the means of ascertaining the name from papers found above three hours. for Mr. Galton, a gentleman of Leamington, a passenger in his luggage which was saved from the wreck." The company dined at four o'clock, m the goods by the train from that town, said that he examined the "of the railway station, which was fitted up for the shed spot immediately after the accident, and could find no IRELAND ©coasion. The chair was taken by Earl Grey; and trace of any obstacle on the line. Fifty yards from The inquiry at Six-mile Bridge is so slowl , among the visitors were, Lord Lovaine, M.P., Sir George y conducted the spot where the train ran off, the line was covered roduced, of relieion by try, and tiio oaso traffic carried on in tho numo was continued on Monday. Mr. Joseph Mosedale, which did not, however, throw much new light upon the hireling proselytizers who infest this part of tho west being again examined, said he had examined tho ongine the case. The testimony of thc master and chief mate of Ireland. J To can and will bear testimony to the exag- since thc last meeting of the jury. Ho had found that of tho Meteor, and a waterman wdio was on board that gerations to which these wolves havo recourse to induce tho one of the stays on the loft-hand side, which attached vessel, tended to confirm the previous statements that simple and bigoted zealots of all parts of the; united king- the ash-pan, had evidentl been broken for some timo out of her right course in dom to subscribe largo funds towards their dishonest and y the Duchess of Kent was unholy purposes as well here as in all parts of the west." previously to the aceielont. Tho two on the other side crossing the river at that place, and that the accident An intimation of Lord Derby's favourable disposi - wero defective. Tho fact of one stay being broken, might have been avoided had bIio ported her helm. tion towards the representations of Irishmen, would much increase the strain upon tho others, espe- One of them thought that tbe man in charge of ber irrespec- tive of all political considerations cially if the engine oscillated. He thought these faults seemed confused. On tho other hand, they considered , is thus noticed in tho Dublin Evening could not have been detected by any one looking at the that the Pavensbourne was in her proper course, and Mail of Monday :— eng ine casually; it would have been necessary to go could not havo avoided tho accident by starboarding " Lost year an ap plication was made to the late Govern- ment under tho eng , praying that means might be taken to translate and ine with a candle, to examine these parts her helm. publish tho ancient laws and institutes of Irelanel , usuall of the y machinery, and this could not bo done while the The chief unite of the Duchess of Kent, who bad known iib tho Brohon Laws. These laws- which were fire was alight. He had no doubt that the ash-pan fell charge of her ut the time of the collision, said he in- actually in operation, the; potential code of the people of through the breaking of the stays. tended to pass between the Pavensbourne and the Ireland for more than 1, by the engine-driver. Tho two right band stays pany in having taken no steps for nineteen days to ""owed clour proof that great force had boon applied, lind out tho friends of the drowned man. Among his Total . . . £7,353,730 2 84 pro- mised tbo truth, there is an end of AN EPISODE IN TOWN LIFE there in great style for above a month, and having the matter. N mised M. Cailliez a cheque for the amount of his bill, person has a right to detain papers for ° Captain Shepherd, R.N., residing at Woodbine-cottage, expenses i which then came to l,200f., he went out and never returned. curred except an attorney for expenses in *** Ealing, attended at the Marylebone court on Thursday, laint a suit of la v He left behind some articles of small value. A comp and you are not an attorney. * in support of a summons which he had taken out against being made to the police, it was ascertained that the pre- David Hart, 4, Edward-street, Hampstead-road, for un- tended Mr. Cavendish had obtained shirts and gloves to Captain Atcherley.—Ob, but I am an attorney. lawfully detaining a portmanteau, two hats, a cap, and the value of 475f. from one tradeswoman, and goods to tho Mr. Bingham.—Not an attorney such to the Captain. as the 1 other articles belonging amount, of, 178f. and 673f. from two dressmakers, for none contemplates. If you bave any claim for Mr. Broughton (to defendant).—What are you ? expenses vo of which he had paid. It was afterwards found that he must proceed in a civil court. You cannot * Hart.—I am a " gent." {daughter.) > ' Hotel at Dover, kept by Mr. detain th hton.—Wh had been living at the Royal papers on tbat ground. Mr. Broug y do you detain these things ? Hughes, out of money obtained by a forged cheque on Hart.—I know of nothing move than the portmanteau, MM. Ferrere and Laffitte. He next appeared at Dun- Captain Atcherley.—I have no claim against this which I detain for money which I have lent to the captain of William Bentinck, where he man. My claim is against Government for different times kirk, under the name mileage at , to pay for cigars, brandy, &e. I once obtained goods on cheque which were afterwards disho- Mr. Bingham.—Then, my decision is, that had him before a magistrate at Brentford for you givo stabbing me noured. Here the police took him in charge, just as he the papers. You have shown no ri with a fork at Ealing, and for that offence he was con- up ght to them and was about to make another migration. The Tribunal of it is not disputed they belong to tbe applicant. fined; this proceeding, on his part, has arisen entirely condemned him to a Correctional Police at Paris have Atcherley immediatel through spite. He owes me 10s., and he left thc portman- ear's imprisonment and a fine of 50f. Captain y restored the papers teau with me as securit y y for the debt. The fact is, your and then asked if he was still bound to maintain the worship, he is mad ; there can be no mistake about it. applicant ? The Captain.—Mad, do you say ? I am not mad. CAPTAIN ATCHERLEY AGAIN. Mr. Bingham said tbe applicant had no claim " When the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a hand- Captain Atcherley was summoned before Mr. Bing- upon saw." Hem ! Shakspeare ! Captain Atcherley for maintenance. The course ham on Wednesday to show cause why he detained for Mr. Broughton.—Have you any witness, Captain Shep- Captain Atcherley to take was to deliver the applicant certain papers belonging to Pierre Basquet, an Indian herd ? to the relieving officer , who would no doubt do his The Captain.—Oh, yes ; I'll call a lady, Mrs. Hartley. chief. duty. Mrs. Hartley, a stylishly dressed woman, about 35 years Tho chief had explained to the magistrate, on pre- The chief having expressed no reluctance to accede of age, was then sworn. vious applications at this court, that he had certain Mr. Broughton.—Are you a married woman, ma'am, or to this proposition, Captain Atcherley left the court a widow ? claims upon, or representations to make to the Colonial- with him. Mrs. Hartley.—I am a widow, sir. (She here drew office on behalf of himself and tribe relative to certain aside her lace veil, and a face by no means unhandsome lands of which tbey had been dispossessed ; that be CHEAP FUNERALS! was full y exposed to view.) had come to England about thirteen months ago to Mr. Broughton.—What do you know of this business, An undertaker, named Avis, of High-street, St. Giles, was prosecute those claims; that unluckily he was seen in charged before Mr. Henry, on Tuesday, with having and where do you live ? to the Colonial-office b tain Mrs. Hartly.—I am living at the same house as Mr. the street on his way y Cap buried an infant without the Registrar's certificate. Tho Hart. He is not the landlord. I know that the port- Atcherley ; tbat be was induced to place himself and grandmother of the child had engaged Avis to provide a papers in tbe bands of Captain Atcherley, who under- coffin and bury the child for the sum of three shillings. manteau was left with Mr. Hart by the Captain, and I l also know that he (Mr. Hart) had lent him money. took to use his influence with Government to get justice The child was according y placed in a coffin and carried to Avis's house, where a certificate of the death was, accord- Mr. Broughton.—What do you know of Captain Shep- done to himself and people; that he had discovered, herd ? ing to the grandmother's statement, left with the after some months' delay, he had made a mistake in istrar Mrs. Hartley (blushing).—I lived with him, sir, for two body. Two months after the deputy reg , Mr. Faulk- or three days at Ealing, the same as if I had been his wife, allowing Captain Atcherley to have anything to do with ner, suspecting that all was not right, made some inquiries but I ran away from him because he beat me severely, and his business ; and tbat being now desirous of returning but could obtain no satisfactory information. The infant's shot at me often with bow and arrows. One of the arrows home, he had applied, but iu vain, for the restoration mother had also been to the undertaker since the summons entered my leg. He is a most strange man, for during the was issued, but could ascertain nothing. It now came out, of his papers, some of which were official. by the evidence of a man employed by Avis, that the child short period I was with him he amused himself by biting Captain Atcherley came to the court at an early dog-s' tails oflf^ and pulling flowers from other people's had not been buried at all, but had been kept for tho grounds. hour, and obtained summonses against several gentle- whole two months in a sort of vault or coal-cellar, under Thc Captain.—Now, about our first acquaintance. men connected with tbe Colonial and Government offices. the undertaker's house. Accordin g to the undertaker's Didn't I meet you one day in the street and ask you to The only summons which police-constable Roberts could version of the story, the body was kept there because there take a ride in my vehicle ? was no certificate with it. Mr. Henry considered this a serve was a summons addressed to a gentleman named case of great importance. If the undertaker could clear Mrs. Hartley.—Yes. Elliott. The Captain.—And have I not visited you at Hart's himself of this charge, he might probably be indicted for house frequently ? At three o'clock, Captain Atcherley having made bis improperly detaining the Jbody. The case was adjourned Mrs. Hartley.—Certainly. appearance with a considerable bundle of papers, to obtain further evidence, and to secure the attendance of The Captain.—I believe you once went to a masked Mr. Bingham requested he would tell him shortly the surgeon who gave the certificate. ball with mo; did you not ? why he detained the papers ? MISCELLANEOUS. Mrs. Hartley.—I did. Captain Atcherley proceeded to say, that in 1851 he The Captain.—Of course you enjoyed yourself there ? met the man Pierre Basquet in the street, and bearing The Queen and tbe Royal Family, accompanied by Mrs. Hartley.—Indeed I did not ; I was never in my on in mind tbat in 1820 be bad been sworn in sponsor for tbe armed escort of war-steamers, set out early life in so much misery before ; your behaviour was so ex- Tuesday morning in the Royal yacht Victoria and tremely strange and annoying. the Indians, that on the occasion of taking an Indian her des- The Captain.—Hadn't you a pretty dress ? to the Bay of Exploits he had been told to pull oft' his Albert, from Osborne, and steamed eastward, and her object a friendly visit Mrs. Hartley.—A very pretty one indeed. uniform, and to perform service as a clergyman, that tination being Antwerp, Mr. Broughton.—In what character did she put into you go ? he had so performed service for some time, but in con- to King Leopold. After a fair passage, Mrs. Hartley.—In that of a " Greek boy." steaming away sequence of the Indian being turned out into the open the Downs, and remained all night, The Captain.—Didn't you and I in the course of tho in the morning across tho Channel. She reached ni ht change dresses ? air, death ensued ; and having sent a report to Lord early g tiio Mrs. Hartley.—Oh! I don't recollect. Dalhousie, and afterwards received his commission as Antwerp in the evening, about half an hour before ' board Mr. JJrough ton.—Who paid for the " Greek boy's " lieutenant, he came to England, and was put into thc arrival of the King. When he came, ho went on dress P The rules of the peace for Middlesex and Worcester. the yacht, and dined with the Royal voyagers. M rs. Hartley.—It has not been paid feir at all, sir. for Brus- At this point of the story Mr. Vaughan interposed , next morning the Queen landed, and set out The Captain.—Did I not at one; time pay the defendant sels reaching the palace of Laccken about eleven Hart III. , on account of your rent, ? and reminded the captai n it would he advisable to , ' Mrs. Hartley.—You paid him something, but what it come to the case of Pierre Basquet without further o clock. was I cannot, tell. delay. The Captain.—Did I not The Irish prisoners wero found guilty of tbe various give you a pair of hoofs? Captai n Atcherley said, ho saw Pierre Basquet in Mrs. J I.arf.Iey.— You eliel—are ; they paiel for? charges brought against them for their share in (he The Cupfain (addressing the iruigisf.raf.e).~~They are as the street, and being of opinion his duties as Indian Stockport riots, on Thursday. There was nothing new good as pniel for, for I have given my promise; to Mr. Pat- sponsor came into requisition, be took charge of the appli- in the evidence adduced before the Judge of Assize, Mr. terson who made them. The ' price of f hem i.s three guineas; cant's business. He corresponded with the Colonial- Justice Crompton. they aro small anel of beautifu l make, and were in the office, and ascertained that Earl G rey had recognised News from the River Pluto has reached us by the Great Inhibition , where they attracted e-oiini el<> the; Duke ; so. I vendish , anil pretending to be a relative of eif presumed the reason you would offer would bo Daily News of Thursday. , - . Devonshire, wrote in Eel. run ry last to M. Cuillie;/ , pro- Hint , you laid done; souk; meritorious services, unel flint Mr. .1. It. Hind sta t es (hat the new p lane! wh ie-h hi'dis; prietor pomene of tho H otel Meiurice , to engage an apartment anel you retained the, papers until you were paid. covered on the 21th of.! lines !»>« been named " Mel tei have a carriage sent forhini tei the railway station. He it is the ueareHi Captain Atcherley is the real meaning of tin; by the Astronomer Royal. Ho states that arrived on the; day appointed , with a laely whom he repre- .—That Jupiter, its per'"' thing. to us of the group between Mara and sented as h is wife, lie; had a respectable appoaran<;o, anel of revolution being 1,200 days, which places it between scorned to bo about forty-fivo years of ago. Ho Jived Mr. Bingham.—Well, then, as I have correctly sur* Elora and Victoria. other letters from the Secretary-at-War, showing a close The trial of Christopher Smith, who, some weeks back A correspondent of the Daily News says, that a circular Cardinal Wiseman was read on Sunday at all intimacy between him and Frail, of Shrewsbury. Detec- was arrested for the murder of George Bush, near Bath, letter from b a party, and who made took lace at Roman-catholic chapels in London, requesting the tives were brought from London by the Li er l such a singular confession , p the and were kept, as commercial travellers, at the hotels Wells on Friday. The prisoner pleaded ' guilty;' Mr. congregations to contribute towards the expenses of tho means to be used for carrying out this occupied by the Tory party. As soon as Sharrack had Baron Piatt called for Mr. Walker, the surgeon of the gaol, late trial. The served who said he to the discretion of the priests, and in most given his evidence against the Tory agents, he was had seen Smith nearly every day for three obiect are left weeks, and he collection will be made after each of the services with a notice signifying that he was to be visited with the had continually talked of his having com- places a bribe. mitted three murders Sunday. The letter states that Dr. Newman's fine imposed hy the recent act, for receiving a , one having taken place seventeen of next years ago, when he could have been only thirteen years of expenses amount to 7500Z., and that of this 2500Z. has been The Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland made ing-machines at Perth on Friday week. A age. He said he wished to be hung, and thought that already collected. a trial of ,reap , competition took place between Hussey's American reaper if he confessed he should be hung. He stated that he Tho cholera is said to be making great ravages at and a new machine, invented by the Rev. Mr. Bell, of Car- had murdered his child : and it was the fact that this child Dantzic. myllie. Bell's machine is similar in principle to that ex- had never been seen or heard of since. His conversation The drainage of the Lake of Haarlem is now completed, hibited by M'Cormack in the Great Exhibition. This was perfectly rational on all other subjects, but Mr. Wal- with the exception of a little running water. machine is propelled by horses walking behind it, while ker was clearly of opinion that he was insane. Mr. Boyd, The Courrier du Pas-Rhin announces that the German the other requires a clear space on the right hand of the a surgeon at the Somerset County Lunatic Asylum, co- Governments have ratified the convention with Prance standing corn for the horses to draw it. The result of the incided in this opinion ; another surgeon pronounced him for the junction of the French and German railways. trial was greatly in favour of Bell's machine, which cut sane. The jury decided that Smith was insane, and ho The King of Naples has appointed the Marquis de Ba- the corn with the greatest regularity, even where the corn was sentenced to be detained during her Majesty's pleasure. lestrino to the post of NeapoHtan Ambassador to the was laid, leaving an even stubble three inches in length. Court of Turin. The other machine acted very imperfectly, failing altogether A man named Frederick Somerville was found dead in The Duke and Duchess do Montpensier had arrived at where the corn was down, and at one point coming to a Hyde Park a few days ago. Od of bitter almonds was Lisbon on the 30th ult., in the Isabella II. steamer, and dead stop. found in his stomach. received by the Queen of Portuga e a ac d Two or three men were at work in a limestone quarry been l in th P l e e comage in the Necessidades. There is said to be a great want of silver near Llangattock, Monmouthshire, on Friday, when one las A number of speculators have been Australian colonies. side of the quarry slipped and f ell with a frightful crash, A vestry meeting of the parish of St. Pancras was held sending out large quantities of silver money, one party to burying the poor men beneath the mass. It is stated that on Wednesday, at which it was determined that a new the amount of 10,000?. 60,000 tons have fallen . A large body of men from tho in the burial ground should be provided for the parish under the Mr. Thomas Sidney, in a letter published Times neighbouring quarries at once set to work to remove the new Act. of Tuesday, describes the state of the " labour-market" as fallen material, but it must be some time before they can The Islington Cattle Market was offered for sale at Gang- affected by the recent emigration. One lady in Cumber- uncover the bodies. s on Monday, b direction of the mort land is hopeless of obtaining a suitable cook ; another way' y gagees. It was Three engineers entered the boiler of tho Wid ht in at 62 0002., a sufficient sum to are at a great premium. Clerks geon boug , discharge the finds that housemaids steamer l ing at Woolwich on Tuesday, without having not being offered. and even men of business, are becoming , y , claims and shopmen, taken the necessary precautions. In a very short time it goes on to say that the workhouses , A communication has been received from the American scarce. Mr. Sidney was found that had fallen overcome by the foul air. in repl dom are becoming emptied, and that they , Government y to an application from, the British throughout the king A convict at work on board at the time, ventured into tho ton little frequented as to excite alarm among minister at Washing , in regard to Mr. Boyd, who is the eaols are so boiler and brought out eaeh of them through the narrow those hospitable abodes. , supposed either to have been murdered, or still to be held the officials of man-hole being obli himself several times an , in a letter to the Times, pub- , ged to come up in captivity by the natives of Guadalcaner, an island in An Australian merch t to breathe the fresh air. the Southern Pacific Ocean. A notice has been issued by lished on Thursday, says that he has received a communi- the American Government requesting the attention and cation from his correspondent at Hobart Town, dated the A horrible catastrophe has occurred on the Hudson after racing a consi- co-operation of all masters of vessels of the United States, 31st of March, complaining of the injustice and inex- river. The steamboat Henry Clay, engaged in the neighbourhood of that island, to ascertain pediency of transporting convicts to the Australian colonies. derable distance with another steamer (the Armenia) be- the fate of Mr. Boyd, and, if a prisoner, to use peaceful He says,—" The AbouMr brought about three hundred longing to a rival line, caught fire amid-ships, and was run and lawful means to obtain his release. It has beenstated prisoners, the greater portion of them receiving a ticket- on shore ; and there being 300 or 400 passengers on board, by Captain Lort Stokes, TON., well known as a surveyor in of-leave from the government on landing, and engagements a frightful scene of terror ensued. From 50 to 60 persons the South Seas, that the natives of those islands are fond at from 18s. to 20s. per week, from the advocates of trans- were either drowned or burnt, and the remainder saved their lives with the greatest difficult y. This calamity has of having a white man amongst them, and will not easily portation. When these men write to their friends in Eng- part with him; but that no instance has ever been known land, stating the bright prospects they have before them, excited the greatest sensation in New York, and the de- tails of thc occurrence exhibit a fearful disregaid of human of their hurting a white man when once they had got him we should think there will be plenty of applications at the on shore. Old Bailey for a passage, at her Majesty's expense, to Van life on the part of American steamboat proprietors. Some Diemen's Land." " indignation" meetings of the survivors and their friends The following announcement has been issued from the have been held at New York. General Post-Office :—1. On and after the 1st of Septem- A well-dressed man, accompanied by a woman, supposed A nursemaid at Hollingbourne went to sleep before the ber, 1852, an additional commission will be charged in to be his wife, applied on Sunday to Mr. Ansell, the proprie- kitchen fire early on Saturday morning, having an infant every case of transfer or repayment of a money order. tor of a coffee-shop in the Lower Marsh, Lambeth, for a in her lap. Her dress caught fire, and giving the infant 2. The payment of the additional commission, viz., 3d. on lodging. In the evening one of them was heard by some to another woman, she ran out into the yard. Her master, all sums not exceeding 21., and Qd. on all sums between 21. persons in an adjoining room saying, " why don't you come Mr. Marshall, on hearing her screams, jumped out of bed, and 5Z. must be invariably made by postage stamps trans- to bed ? what are you doing there ?" Some one going to and without putting on any of his clothes ran out into the mitted with tho application for transfer or repayment, and the room found the man hanging by the neck to a hat-peg, yard with a blanket. He threw tho blanket over tho girl unless the amount bo so transmitted, tho application will and the woman lying on the bed insensible, apparently and smothered the flames, which would otherwise soon not bo complied with. 3. All applications for transfer or from the effects of drink or some narcotic. The man was have burnt her to death. repayment must be addressed to the President of the quite dead, and the woman was unable to explain what Thc Cumberland Pecquet states that a young girl, London , Dublin, or Edinburgh Money Order-office , accord- had happened. named Hughes, fell into a well 60 feet deep, at Wetherall, ing as the order was issued in England (or Wales), Ireland, A ferocious beggar, named Georgo Wood, who bears tho a few days ago. A man went down in a bucket for the or Scotland. the western 4. To prevent tho necessity of a transfer, in title among his brotherhood of the " king of purpose of bringing up her corpse, but \^as astonished to consequence on Saturday, b of an order being erroneously drawn on a cadgers," was brought bofore Mr. Long y find her not only alivo, but uninjured, except by a few different office from the one at which payment is desired, two officers of the Mendicity Society. They stated that ho of tho shaft rendering it tho trifling bruises. The narrowness public are advised to furnish in writing to tho issuing had been convicted eighteen times of begging and brutally difficult to raise tho bucket, she again fell to tho bottom, Postmaster , at tho time of application, the full particulars assaulting officers who had taken him into custody, and after having been lifted 12 or 15 feet. She was ultimatel of the thirty months in tho y money order required, and also to ascertain, beforo that on the whole he had served oxtricated in a state very littlo tho worse for her falls. quitting the issuing office, that the order corresponds with House of Correction. On ono occasion he drew a large thoso particulars. knife, and attempted to stab ono of the officers. A fearful thunder-storm took place in tho neighbour- and elcvon o'clock on An association having for its objoct tho Thomas Collins was finally brought beforo Mr. Arnold hood of Manchester, between ten promotion of htning struck a chimney at a cheap and uniform system of colonial and international on Saturday, and the long series of charges against him Tuesday morning. Tho lig postage, was formed during tho Exhibition of tho Works was at length completed. Ho declined to say anything tho oncl of a row of eight unfinished houses. The elec- of Industry of all Nations, including among its members in his dofenco, and was fully committed for larceny. tricity scorns to havo run along a Ieadon gutter at tho many of tho foreign commissioners. A meeting of tho Among tho portraits which ho had pawned were thoso of front of tho roof, sending off branches through almost every ono of tho houses. Thoso streams seem to fiuvo association was hold at tho house of the Society of Arts, Viscount Hardingo, Lord Mannors, tho JSarl of Eglinton, on Tuesday, August tho 10th Sir E. Codrington, tho Earl of Minto, Admiral Downman, takon nearly a similar course in each case, passing elown , and tho following resolu- chiefl tions wore unanimously adopted :—That it appears to this Lord Craven, Don Miguel, Viscount Camelon, Lord Cath- through tho houses. Seven persons, y workmen, who wore in tho houses were struck four of whom wero killed association that all tho arguments used by Mr. Rowland cart, Lord Hay, Lord Jf. Manners, Lady Bossborough, tho , , Hill in favour of tho justice of an uniform rato of postage Countess Moroton, Mr. Justieo Talfourd, W. James, Sir instantly. A barn in a lnrpo farm-yard ,ll»ply certainly to colonial, anil probably to foreign corre- Henry James Ward, Messrs. Miles, G uinness, Wonnett, , belonging to Mr. Thomas spemdenco.—That tho ooet of convojiinco, as was proveel Glads'tono, Gronsditch, Betro, Anderson, and Guin. Ceillior, of ParrocK Hall, on tho east Bide of Windmill Hill Gravesend took fire on Sunday ni ht by Mr. Rowland Hill, depends upon tho number of letters, A number of Irishmen and women wero brought beforo , , g , about half- past nino o'clock . Tho yard is close to the hall and neit upon tho distance, and that therefore the justice Mr. Norton on Monday, charged with making a disturb- very , anel contains an extensivo rango of buildings. The ft ro of an uniform rato is evident.—That tho association wel- ane ein tho Vauxhall-road. A policeman stated, that seeing rapidl y caught two or throe stacks of hay and straw comes the recognition of this principle in tho recent two mon fi hting, ho interfered, and almost immediatel tho , and extended g y from them to tho great rango of barns. An abundant; adoption of uniform rates for printed papers to somo of street was filled with a mob of riotous Irish who attacked , l enir colonies.—That the simplicity and convenience of pre- him nnel some other constables who came to his assistance. supp y of water was at hand, and enabled the firemen, who were assisted b bod of seileliors from tho fort payment also appe;ar to apply to colonial anel foreign cor- Mr. Norton observed that lately thero had boon so many y a y , to keep the firo from tho mansion, whole; respondence.—The Right lion, the Earl G ranville has of these; Irish fi hts, and ho thought tho polico ought not anel its out-oflices. Tho g of the farm-yard consented to become president of the association. to bo quite bo prompt in interfering. He would lot them , however, was swept by the flames, anil break each others heads if they liked, but ho diel not seo all the barns anil farm-buildings destroyed. fhe ol<;etrio telegraph is now completo to IMymouth. why the polico should risk their lives among such a brutal A largo oil and flour-mill, belonging to Mr. ISdward An opportunity is thus alforded for the; uniform adoption sot of fellows, in attempting to quell their riots. Bol l, called Tottenham Mills, caught firo on Sunday morn- ol Orcenwieh time throughout tho west of lunel Eng , by Seven or ei ht men in black masks and armed with ing, about four o'clock. Tho building occupied an island which railway travellers would escape much inconvenience g guns and pistols, about nine o'clock on Monduy evening, in the river Lea, anel is nearly one hundroel anel fifty f ool <1rH W< 'r" 'HH,U!<1 orl Saturday, by the Lords Lieutenant long. The fire was first noticed by a watchman, who soon olf *iMur entered the house of Mr. Gerrard, a farmer, near Dids- iddlesex, and otber counties, to thoir deputies, to take Manchester. brought tho parish engine; to tho sped, anel a moHtmmi wan uiunodmto bury, a few miles from They looked up tho (.tops for raising the required number eif mem for whole of tho famil in a cellar, having cleverl immediately afterwards tologruphoel to Lonelem for further tho militia y y entrapped ; during the next week general courts of' Iiouto- who oame homo at tho timo. They assistance;. Three engines, with strong bodies of firemen, liancy will a man-Horvurit, then be hold in most of tho counties throughout tho lundered the house of some clothes, u wiiteh, and a started at once from town, and arriveel at Tottenham Kin gdom to p gun, settle fhe preliminary matters. together with 1 01. in money, and remained an hour after- in little more than half an hour. The oil mill was soon It is intended selee;t to a number of men freim tho e.n- wards to refrosh thoniBelves with roast beef, broad and on firo throughout ; tho flour mill, which contained three rollod Chelsea, pensioners to form the staff of the; militia. large quantity eif (lour, An cheese, anel beer. hundrod q uarters of corn, anil a uinpootion of some who hael boon selected Iiy Colonel anel which is onl depurated from the; either by an i nterval l,lloeh took y : place on Wednesday, at the officers' quarters, Johnny Broome has boon at last captured at Brussels, of eighteen foot, was not long spared. All that the; firo- j " llunhill-row. If an etfieient staff cannot bo found for Iiy two officers fro m Tunbridgo Wells, named Morten and preservation of the engine Jiomho 'lie mem could effect was the regiments eif militia freim fhe enrolled pensione-i-H Hudson, lie hail been recognised by the Belgian polico, anel senne outbuildings, anel to restrai n the firo from ex- nolongmg to elistri e":f,s within the respective counl.ioH, whei hiiel kept their eye upon him. eif the mills. At one time pointments ap- tending beyond the promises will be given to the most competent and the W illiam Thomas was fried at Chester on Wednesday, sovonty tons of oil, anel subsequently several othor large - conducted of tho non-commissioned ofHe;ors and murder of his mother, at Pronton vates pri- for tho , near Uirkon- quantities took fire, anel bursting tho vessel in which thoy ot tho orunwla »ml tho lino. hoael. The facts narrated last, wook woro At again proveel, woro contained, ran upon tho river in a burning state. it* stated that much important evidence has turned and tho jm'y, according to tho directio employed in WI» in n ot Mr. Justice Workmen have uinco boon skimming the oil reference to tho Borouford bribery case, including Crompton, acquitted tho prisoner on tho ground of insanity. fr om tho ourfuco of the river. Edition A telegraphic despatch from HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK. [Thefollowing appeared in our Second tbe Hague, dated th London is suffering from the same diseases as were noticed of last week.'] 4th inst., announces the rejection by the States-Genera? last week, and 1124 deaths have been registered in tho of the treaty with France. days ef August. The mortality is near the We learn from Cronstadt first seven that the Emperor reached average of the first week of the month, on which 801 per- Vf uhix lp that city in excellent health and spirits and 1909 in 1849 , when the epidemic of on the a fhrer"». sons died in 1843, noon of the 27th of July. Asiatic cholera was so fatal. Six hundred and f ifty-six Satueday, August 7. The Democrazia of Tesino says :-— children under 15 years of age, 299 men and women, and News arrived yesterday by the Stebonheath from " Our illustrious 165 persons of the age of 60 and upwarda, died in the sculptor Vela was brought back on the Port Phillip direct, about a fortnight later than those 26th' to our week ; 597 were males, and 527 females. It thus appears canton, under escort of the Lombardo-Venetian last received via Sydney, namely, to the 22nd April. police that though the bad sewers and water and air and im- for having refused to be a member of the purity in London are most fatal at a high temperaturo in It appears tbat the production at the mines was stea- Academy 0f Fine Arts with General Stranoldo aud other early life, persons of the middle age do not escape. dily increasing, and was now estimated at 100 ,000£. Austrian generals. Orders had been given to him Diarrhoea was the cause of 213, cholera of 21 deaths ; 16 per week, or at the rate of more than 5,000,000Z. per to quit Lom- children and 5 bardy in two hours. He solicited a persons above the age of 15 died of cholera ; annum for this colony alone. The present vessel has delay of four 192 children and 21 adults of diarrhoea ; 16 of the cases of months to put his affairs in order, but brought about 60,000 ounces, valued at 230,000^.; and he received a cholera occurred on the north, 5 on the south side of the letter from Venice telling him that he which sailed a few days previousl must expedite Thames. the Vanguard, y, but his departure. It is Field-Marshal In its leading symptoms the cholera which prevails at which has not yet arrived, took 17,490 ounces, or Radetzki who while at Milan, adopted this severe measure present differs little from Asiatic cholera, but it is in Lon- 000^. worth. The quotation was 60*. to against M nearly 70, 61 *. Vela. don less rapid in its course than Asiatic cholera ; it is less per ounce. Great complaints continued to be made of influenced by elevation of soil, it always prevails more or the prevalence of crime, owing to the influx of convicts less in summer, and comparatively few persons are attacked, The Roman Catholic Primacy bave again gone lience it is a variety, which for the sake of distinction may from Van Diemen's Land, many of whom were among through the form of nominating one of their bod be called summer cholera. the most successful people at the mines. Rain had y to fill the office of Primate and Archbishop, vacated by Dr. Macloughlin, an inspector during the epidemic of begun to fall at Mount Alexander, but not so as to in- the translation of Dr. Cullen to the metropolitan chair 1849, requests the Registrar General to call the attention crease the facilities for working, and in the other dis- of medical informants to the importance of stating in all with the brevet rank of Apostolic Delegate in Ireland tricts it was still delayed. cases how long premonitory symptoms of the approach of to the Court of Rome. There were three candidates The statement of the public revenue of the colony for cholera preceded the attack in its fatal form. No cases of for the appointment, two of whom (Drs. Dixon and diarrhoea should be neglected in the present season. They the quarter had just been issued, and had created both Kieran) had been chosen on the former occasion as should be immediately treated. satisfaction and surprise, the increase being 35,592.'., a dignissimus and dignior, the third being Dr. M'Nally, sum nearly equal to the whole public revenue of the " Bishop" of Clogher, a prelate who until lately had BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS corresponding quarter of last year. Much of this arose BIHTHS. belonged to tbe now forgotten class of " moderates," On the 30th of June last, at Barbadoes, the wife of Captain from the duties on spirits, tobacco, and foreign goods. almost the last of whom was personified by the lamented Deshon, A.D.C. : a daughter. In the territorial revenue, likewise, there was an ex- Archbishop Murray. Dr. Cullen presided in his capa- On the 30th ult,, at Hampton Court Palace, Mrs. Catesby traordinary augmentation. For the corresponding Paget : a daughter. city of administrator at the meeting of the clergy, and On the 1st inst., at Brockley Court, the wife of Henry Smyth quarter of 1851 tbe total of that revenue was 9,138Z., having celebrated the solemn High Mass of the Holy Pig-otfc, Esq. : a son. and now it was 156,827/., the chief items of increase On the Und inst., at Thurloe-square, Brompton, the lady of Ghost, " his Grace" delivered a sermon, after which Lieut.-Colonel George Warren : a daughter. being the land sales, which amounted to 95,248Z. ; the the election of his successor to the Primacy of all Ire- On the 2nd in.si., in Prince's-terrace, Hyde Park, the wife of gold licenses, which produced 48,597/. ; and the gold land was proceeded with in the cathedral. The cere- Arthur Otway, Esq., M.P. : a son. 489Z. The rate for bills on On the 3rd inst., at Wynaondham Kectory, Leicestershire, the escort, which produced 4, monial having been concluded, a scrutiny of the votes Hon. Mrs. John Beresford : a daughter. England was about 8| to 10 per cent, discount. Sub- was entered into, which gave the following results :— On the 4th inst., at Chatham, the wife of Captain Murchison, joined is a letter giving some clear details of the general 29th Regiment: a son, still-born. Dignissi?nus—The v ery Rev. Dr. Dixon . . 21 On the 9th inst., Mrs. C. Wentworth .D.Ike : a daughter. state of affairs :— Dignior—The Very Rev. Dr.' Kieran ...19 On the 9th inst., at North Villa, Regent's Park, the wife of " Melbourne, April 14. Dignus—The Very Rev. Dr. M'Nally, Bishop Colonel Miles : a daughter. " In my last letter I intimated my intention of visiting of Clogher 7 MARRIAGES. the gold fields in company with Mr. , which we have Dr. Dixon holds one of the Professorshi ps in the On the 3rd inst., at St. James's, We.stbourne-terrace, G. G. accomplished, making the detour by Mount Alexander, and Royal College of Maynooth. Philipps, Esq., Lieutenant in her Majesty's Navy, to Georgiana, coming down hy BalTarat on Geelong. The distance from daughter of tho late Jonas Wilkinson, Esq., of the Island of Melbourne to the commissioner's tents at Forest Creek, A curious trial began on Thursday,and was continued Barbadoes. which is at present the centre of the diggings, is 75 miles ; On the 1th inst., at Eastwcll Kent, "William Robert, second yesterday, still remaining unfinished. A irl about , but Bendigo Creek, some 16 or 20 miles further on, which g son of tho Hon. and Rev. Daniel Finch Hatton, to Agnes fifteen years old has brought a charge against the Graham, second daughter of the Rev . Montague Oxenden. is a more recent discovery, promises to be even still more On the 5th inst., at St. Peter's Church, Charlton next Dover, productive and extensive. The total population at the superior of the Warwood nunnery of ill-treatment, Charles Henry 8. Pickwick, Esq., late of the 91st Regiment, diggings is estimated by the Chief Commissioner at about resulting in the loss of an eye. The charge is met by mid only son of the late Itev. C. Pickwick, of Beckvngton, 35,000, but a considerable portion is migratory, and not point blank denial. How it will end remains to be seen. Somerset, to Eliza Frances, eldest daughter of Robert Sillery, half that number of licenses are issued. Esq., M.D., of Charlton Loilgo, Dover, late of tho .Army Medical Yesterday, after another long examination, Tripe and "Tho present weekly produce cannot be nnder 30,000 Staff. Montague wero committed for trial by Sir R. W. Garden. On tho 5th inst., at Cockayno Hatloy, Bedfordshire, Captain ounces, or about 100,000?. in value, as tho Government Henry Francis Cust, of tho 8th Hussars, to Sara Jane, wielow escort alono now brings down about 20,000 ounces, inde- In continuation of the series of demonstrations, which of Major Sielney Streat field, and elaughter of J. Cookson, Esq., pendent of the large quantity convoyed privately. have been held during tho present week to celebrate tho of Meleloii Park, Northumberland. " From the Post-office to the river Loddon, a distance of anniversary of the London Temperance League, tho annual On the; 5th inst., at All Soul's Church, Langham-place, John meeting and conference of its members wore held at ten Henry Murchison, Esq., elelest son of tho lato Hon. Alexaneler six or seven miles, the bed and slopes of Forest Creek pre- sent the appearance of being covered with a series of gigan- o'clock yesterday morning, in tho Lower Room of Exeter Murchison, of Springfield , Jamaica, anel Elgin, N.B., and of pranelson eif the late Patrick Copland , LL.D., to Louisa, only tic molehills, interspersed with miserable small tents of Hall. The proceedings occupied the greater portion dau ghter of the lato Henry Husey, Esq., of Brighton. every description, the occupants of which have a very the day, and the meeting was exceedingly well attended. On tho 7th inst., at Clifton Church, Thomas dei "Winton , Esq., squalid, unhealthy appearance, from exposure, privation, Mr. James Silk Buckingham, president, took tho chair ; of Wallsworth Hall, to Ihirliara , only daughter of William anel dust sore eyes being universally prevalent. and after briefly opening thc meeting by stating the ob- Henry Peel, Esq., of Aylesnioro House, Gloucestershire, and , " Tho roads now aro very bad, the cost of carriage from jects for which they had been called toget her, called upon 4, West-mall, Clifton. Afr. Brebble honorary secretary, to read tho report, which On the 7th inst., at St. George's Church, Hanover-square, Melbourne being from 221. to 251. a ton, but most people , the Hon. Freelerie-k A. If. Chichester, third son of tho late Lorel aro of opinion that when the rain falls, in about a month, they stated, that during tho year, tho committee had issued Temple-more, to I'Vances Marianne, eldest, elaughter of Daniel will ho all but impassable, and serious apprehensions aro 30,000 tracts anel appeals, tho expense for which had been tho Tiglui, Esq., of Itossann, in the county of Wicklow. entertained of a scarcity of food during fhe winter months. 1001. por month. Tho report further stated, that On the 11 tii inst. , at Thames Ditton, Surri'y , John Turner, committee had in contemplation the erecting of a Tem- Esq., Cap tain Royal Horse Artillery, sem of Lieut.-General " Tho gold is found both in deposit and in the matrix, a quartz vein having been utruck at about 20 or 30 feet be- perance Palace in tho Strand, which would cost about Oharli'H Turner, C'eilonel ]j)th Re'gimeMi t, to the Hon. Caroline a Hugilen elaug low tho miriacc, and traeed for somo distance, whioh is 150,000.7, and that , in their opinion, it would produce , hter ati tho Right Hon. the Leirel Chancelkir. showed worked successfull with no either tools or machinery than gooel dividend. Tho financial position of the league DKATUS. y been On the 2(il h ul t., at Homliurg, the l ion, Rirlianl Watson of and tin dish. It has also been found in that tho receipts for tho year ending August 3 hud , pickaxe, hammer, hand (toe'kingham Cast le, M.P. for Pelcrliorough , formerly major ia ehijiosit iu various strata eif alluvial earth, clay, and gravel, 807/. 5*., which included a sum of 470J. His. dd. in the army, unel Hi gh Sheri tl" of Northamptonshire, Hem of tho and oven below tho trap-rock, leaving little room to doubt at tho commencement of tho youv, and tho expenditure se.cemel liiii el HoneU'H. amounted to 110(1.*. 8«., leaving 2WI. 3s. duo to tho trea- On the 'ZHth ult., at, Clifton , ageel 31 , Annahella, wifoof Henry that tho siipply is not likely to bo soon exhausted, whilo the Mittn-Mittii fields, near the boundary of the colony, surer, which sum, it is anticipated, will bo defrayed by tho Austin l.ruoo, Ksq., eif Dullryu , Alierdare, Glamorganshire, ical dir ^,0 On the Jst inst., at Bri ghton , in the 7-tlli year eif iiis ago, porienccd. I however cannot hel inclining to tho Tho following statistics for tho late election AliMiiuelcr iirue-e lloiinistouii , ISse]., latei of Weasltliorn, Lanark- , , p Taking opinion that those gold fields, like others that have pre- University of Oxford will interest our readers. shire', anel formerly eif the IhI. Reiynl Dragoons . 's On the 1st inst., at Deal, in the) K0t.li year eif his age, Kelware t ceded them, will gradually become loss productive, anel into account the fact that scores of Mr. Gladstone I gguhlen, Km)., eine of the Deputy lteigislrars of tho Ke-olo- onl y y ield their treasures to enterprise, skill anel capital. friends voted for Hir R. Jnglis, solely because they Hias tical Courts, an appointment worth upwarels of 15,0002. per Until this happens the relations ol life will never bo rc- were asked to do so by Mr. Gladstone's committee, wc annum , anel hold hy dcc.ounod upwarels eif half a century. establishoel here the Hoemer this takes place the bettor lleiiiso ; and shall not he wrong unusual On the i!nel inst., at Woiieleive 'r , Sarah, the wife eif for the colony. are a few thousand men at work at in inferring, from the General Sir James Watson , K.C.B., ageiel 7(1. There tone, Jhillarat field both number of single votes given after all to Mr. Glads On the 3rel inst., nge and unjust, and c nnot be blessed ? * ?iS 5 ^ iMlit Matrs. solaces of defeat. ¦ I I ' ro 3 The pretext is, that we are defending Imperial TTniversity 18 23 0 17 1 4 6 41 39 29 10 0 There is nothing so revolutionary;, because there is rights and British colonial interests. The im- 41 31 2 27 0 14 12 74 82 43 39 0 nothing- so unnatural and convulsive, as the strain to nnlliol '"" .... perial rights have been waived in practice ; and Merton 21 13 0 13 8 3 6 34 87 26 11 0 keep thongs fixed when all the world is by the very law Ureter " .... 64 29 1 48 4 19 8 94 131 41 90 0 of its creation in eternal progress.—Da. Aekold . the Foreign Secretary of England's best Minis- "" ' 50 26 2 33 3! 12! 8 78 95 37 58 0 Orfel "" .... ter offered to waive the right in form ; so that Queen's 29 41 1 25 3; 5 3 71 69, 47 12 0 " 17 27 5 4 2 6 11 49 27 40 0 13 THE IMPOSSIBLE WAR WITH AMERICA. Imperial dignity cannot be pledged to ruin the TK™, '"" Lincoln 16 32 1 17 1 3 6 49 36 38 0 2 A wae with the United States, or a craven re- fi shers of Massachusetts and Maine. And if All Souk 24 11 0 10 0 9 1 35 431 12 31 0 New Brunswick and Nova Scotia are British Magdalen 21 30 4 19 1 10 7 55 60' 38 12 0 tractation—such appear to be the alternative Brasenose 50 63 1 33 7 13 15 114 96 1 85 11 0 colonies, so are the United States, now •• to this 14 22 2 15 4 4 38 33; 30 3 0 courses before the Ministers of this Imperial Corpus Christi i\ state. day, more than to the British colonies, our own Christ Church 108 68 9 42 5 30 , 21 185 180, 94 86 0 in this very Trinity 25 46 1 26 0 8j 7 72 59 53 6 0 If the aspect of affairs, and the public docu- kin flock to the United States. Nay, St John's 31 44 2 34 3 4! 11 77 69! 58 11 0 ments, are to be trusted, that position, at once fishery—which we are to assail at the bidding of j'SU8 12 19 0 8 2 7\1 8 31 27 i 29 0 2 20 41 2 23 2 9 12 63 52 55 0 3 rash and humiliating, has been deliberatel the feeblest party in the country—in this very Wadham ! y as- lish Pembroke 17 20 0 18 4 3: 3 37 38 27 11 0 sumed by Lord Malmesbury ; whether at the in- fi shery, English capital, English sailors, Eng Worcester ... 25 46 0 25 2 , 6 ; 14 71 56 62 0 6 ship-builders lish labourers, are embarked, 0 8 0 0 2 15 17 8 9 0 stigation of Sir John Pakingtqn we know not ; , Eng St. Mary Hall 189 316 20 , fratricidal Ma^dalenHall 0 3 , 3 8; 49 41; 42 0 1 but of course with the sanction of Lord Derby. and will be compelled to meet us in New Inn Hall. 3 0 0 2 0, 0 0 3 5 ; 0 5 0 contest. Is that having God and the right on St. Alban Hall1 1 3 0, 0 0; 1 1 4 2 , 4 0 2 It is desirable that the position should be well St BdmundHl. 4 26 0 3 5 0 2 30 7 33 0 26 understood. " * our side P Last week we showed how impossible it would But that is not all. A very large proportion Total 638 698 33 470 60173 173 1369 1281 931 360 I 55 be for the Government of the United Stated to of England's own capital is locked up in American Total number of votes polled, 1,899 : being an in- bonds, stocks, Government and State securities ; make the concession demanded by Downing- in America crease of over those polled in 1847. Known pairs street. Recently saw a pressure on our own so that not only have our relatives we American enterprise, 173 = 346 X 1899 = 2145. The constituency num- Government to maintain the British right of en- their capital embarked in bers at present about 3400. Majority for Ing lis over but the men of London, and " the public," croachment on the Lobos Islands, for the sake have Gladstone, omitting the pairs, 261. Majority for of a f ew vessels bringing away manure j a claim amongst ourselves, who deal in investments, Gladstone over Marsbam, 350. not instantl an amount of property at stake which a war y scouted , but gravely discussed in " of this Downing-street, in Parliament, and in the City. would jeopardize. The " aristocracy COUNT D'ORSAY. considera- Whole communities have not grown up during a country hardly feels the force of such (From the Globe.) ' tions ; since the family connexions with the Bal- thirty-four years freedom, to ransack the Lobos colonizers, are That Count D'Orsay was born at Paris precisely at the Islands ; the value of the property is not esti- timores and Percys, and other old opening of the present century, would appear from the fact mated—obviously and ludicrously below the real remote or extinct ,- but the middle and working of Lord Byron's expressing his astonishment at the pre- heart of so- value—at 3,000,000?. ; bringing home guano is classes are connected with the very cocity exhibited in a certain MS. diary, from the Count 's ciety in America, by many ties which are deep pen, perused by his lordship at Genoa (April 5, 1823) : not one of the staple trades of Lancashire and how he should have pene- rooted in both countries ; and there are few " The most singular thing is, Cheshire ; there are not thirty thousand seamen connexion trated, not the fact, but the mystery of English ennui at employed in the trade, nor are great Liverpool families that have not some immediate 22. I was about the same age when I made the same dis- with the republic by blood, or alliance, or property. " and City capitalists involved with their property : covery, in almost precisely the same circles. encroach- Where such considerations fail, there is another In his 20th year he had already relinquished the gaieties such are not the circumstances of the America ment on the Lobos Islands, but they are the cir- that ought to be powerful : a war with of London and entered the French service ; for it was y all the evils of "protection," while quartered at Valence, on the Rhone, November 15, cumstances of the American encroachment on would be attended b 1822, that an occurrence took place which changed his Government in cutting us off from the trade with the great the British fishing grounds. The we manufacture whole destiny. The reader of Lady Blessington's " Idler at Washington cannot recall that creation of consumer of the articles which in Italy," will look in vain for any notice of her first casual Paisley, , and tell it to withdraw from the and carry. Manchester, Leeds, Glasgow, rencontre with Lieutenant D'Orsay at Valence, though she thirty years the field of its operations at the bidding of a particu- Liverpool, would call to a strict account does remark that singular coincidence, " ^Napoleon, when lunge us into a war with lieutenant, was quartered in this town." The regimental lar gentleman in Downing-street, whose incom- Ministry that should p mess happened to be established in the hotel where Lord affairs has been the country which has created so large a part of Setency to meddle with public off , by a Blcssingtoh alighted on his way to Italy, down tho Rhone, istinctly confessed. their substance. Think of cutting and a chance acquaintanceshi having ripened into inti- t in all p Under what circumstances does " England," as notice in tho Gazette, all the accounts kep macy, at his lordship's invitation tho count joined them in those places with American houses ! their trip southwards. Tho regiment was just then under Downing-street is pleased to call itself, approach orders to march with the Due d'Angouleme across the this war P Such a war, indeed, ought to be regarded as Pyrenees, and the young French officer had to expect tho Will Downing-street go to war with America, an impossibility, wero it not for certain ugly sarcasms of tho uninitiated as to his motives for quitting when we are struggling, not very satisfactorily, considerations, partly matter of suspicion, partly tho scrvico at that particular juncture. matter of obvious fact. It is a fact, most noto- Tho arrival of this strangely constituted travellingpart y against a deadly climate, and a treacherous people at Genoa is thus chronicled by Byron :—Milord •' Bloss- at Rangoon ; the people of India looking on, and rious and melancholy, that the people of this ington and epouse, travelling with a very handsome com- awaiting a stumble on our part to keep us down P country has, to use its own homely vulgarism, panion in the shape of a French Count, who has all the air Will Downing-street undertake this war, for become so used, in public aff airs, during the long of a Cupidon dechaine, and ono of tho few idoal specimens tho sake of tho British American colonies, when peace, to bo " taken in and done for," that it has I havo seen of a Frenchman before tho revolution." Con- contracted the habit of letting officials emulate cerning tho Earl of Blossington, his individuality may bo the first thing thoso colonies will reap from it well conjectured, but wo aro not loft to our own surmises will be some concessions humiliating to England, tho beggar on horseback. Wo can, therefore, as to tho sort of man ho must havo been. Byron adds :— including, vory likely, tho concession of tho colo- imagine any amount of mischief committed by " Mountjoy (for tho 'Gardiner* aro the Hneiil raco of the nies themselves P tho sufferance of tho English people, until somo famous Irish vicoroy of that ilk) seems vory good-natured, When Australia, already offended in hor sorest great calamity should havo recalled us, by the but is much tamod since I recollect him in ad tho glory of sharp spur of suffering, to our duty. It is diffi- gems and snuff-boxes, and uniforms and theatricals, sitting interests, has threatened independence,has talked to Strolling, tho painter, to bo depicted as ono of tho heroes of Republican federation , has shown her own cult to imagine that tho present Cabinet in of Agincourt. " star-spangled banner," and has made advances Downing-street should retract from its false It was finally arranged that D'Orsay was to ho a fixture towards an Australian-American alliance P position ; since that would imply a levity, an in tho family, by becoming tho husband of tho Hon. When Downing-street cannot master tho Black alternation of bullying and flinching, of which .H arriet Gardiner, his lordship's daughter by bib first wife, oven a Malmesbury ght bo fhit. young and beautiful person was summoned accordingly savages at the Capo P or a Derby mi from sehool , anel forthwith married to tho Count at Genoa, When tho West Indies, in complete despair, ashamed. Tho Government at Washington in obedience to lior father's mandate. Tho talo of Iphi- aro cold in their loyalty P cannot retract. goiiia is sometimes combined in modern life with other not When Ireland only awaits a now Repeal agita- It is, indeed, within hiss painful the scopo of imaginable narrativos of classic destiny. Lord BloBnington tion , perhaps under American patronage P—if we possibilit donirt. died at Paris in 1827, and the title became extinct. His y that our Government should not CountesH became a star in tho literary firmament of Eng- suffer Downing-street to drive America into being to avoid a rupture with America. It parades land, anil Count D'Orsay resumed in London the career of our enemy. tho good understanding with Austria. ; it is said sportsman, exquisite, artist, and general arbiter olegan- When Franco is waiting to avenge Waterloo, to bo sending Lord Wostmorelund to I taly to tiarum , as nil tho world knows. and greedily reading Lieutenant Maurico's ac- undo Lord Minto'B mission. It is reported io . Ihi spirit fiia lust yours in orecting, on a groon ominonco in tho village of count of our unprotected coasts P bo engaged with oilier powers in supporting (..hambouroy, beyond Ht. Germain-en-layo, Surel this ia not tho time for war W here the rustic churchyard Joins the estate of the tho left incloses the much less " mobilized" ; and if it wero both, i t- ing the truth of those rumours ; but thoy aro of remains of Lady UlesHlngton ; that to tho right was could hardly contend with tho Yankees untenanted" at the timo when Isabella Homer described in thoir secondary importance in comparison with tho 'ho mausoleum in Ueutley' s Miscellany, May 1, 1H0O. own broad lands—ho rich for its own wanderers, notorious fact that the Tory Government of Wineo then the fair hand that wrote the account of that so baffling to the foreign invader, to Hay nothing England, the ostentatiously professed enemy of tomb ih itself cold in tho graven, and the " tenant" i» now of that strong army of militia, of which strongest sympathies forthcoming compara- Democracy, has the with for hia Holf-appointed homo. " Jimplora pace." tively small contingents have already eonquerod tho despotic authorities of Europe. A war with America would plunge us into a new Holy attitude which it had maintained between its two text of restoring Protection, and keeping by a capitul offio Alliance, would place the two natural champions antagonists, Rome and Austria. It partially ation with Free-trade. And. now of constitutional freedom and national indepen- yields its Civil Marriage Bill, by rendering the may come a bad harvest, which will raise priced dence on opposite sides ; and would neutralize religious ceremony a constitutional part of the so as doubly to lock the door against Protection the sole remaining terror of the despots —- the legal form. It conciliates Austria by proscribing and yet snatching the expected gains from farmer and landowner. The sole thing that can make them pause in their a numerous list of journals, including Mazzini's " landed interest" which career—the sole antagonist of theBLoly Alliance— Italia e Popolo. Piedmont, one of the outposts helped to send in the anti liberal, anti-national Ministry, e u the Anglo-American Alliance. of constitutional government, is manifestly re- s es its tri mph menaced by the clouds and Rome ; of a sullen August. The most incompetent Are the English people, are the men of Man- ceding before the advance of Austria Minis-* chester and Glasgow, Leeds, Liverpool, and and we understand better why she should recede try that ever intrigued itself into offi ce, it would London, content to be the tools in that gigantic now, when we learn that the weight of England seem, may have to undergo the hardest of trials and criminal " dodge" ? We cannot believe it. is unaccountably thrown into the scale against —the conduct of affairs when men's confidence is Yet how_ are we to get out of the false position, constitutional government. undermined, and their censure sharpened hv from which neither party can retract P In one The reaction is "making its way in every form, trouble, if not hunger. * way alone — by superseding the Ministry that but simultaneously in different countries, We -" Oh! cries Free-trade, if corn fail at home dared to put us there, and by placing the con- saw last week the progress which the ultramon- it will be supplied from abroad." Whence ? duct of public affairs in the hands of a statesman tane party in France is making in the exclusion From the Black Sea, which adverse powers can able to maintain our dignity with spirit, and at of classical authors from the public schools. It close against us; or the Baltic, Russian lake ; or the same time, by hearty frankness and chivalrous is now announced that the Austrian Government the United States, with whom we are letting courtesy, able to convince the Americans that we likewise intends to exclude classical authors from incompetent Ministers drag us into a quarrel? have their dignity also, their friendship, and the University of Vienna. The clergy, which We do not, indeed, believe in a war with the their interests at heart. our ministers affect to combat in Ireland, though United States ; but the Free-trade party, which without the slightest success, are carrying the has slighted mere political questions, has neglected reaction back far beyond the standards of 1815, to take security for the fulfilm ent of BRITISH REACTION ON THE CONTINENT its promise not only under the confessedly despotic rSgimes, that England need not fear dependence for her The actual state of Europe imposes upon us the but also in France and Piedmont ; and England bread upon foreign countries. Now we are duty of regarding with the ugliest suspicion the is labouring to maintain the good relations esta- threatened with a diminished harvest, and the Free- conduct of Ministers towards the United States ; blished with Austria. traders have connived at those intrigues which for the reaction—which has made such decided The Herald publishes in its leading columns— have resulted in appointing a Malmesbury to progress since the year 1849—has assumed a new with a very mild caveat of its own against official forward our interests in the Baltic, the Mack relation to this country. It is true, that the breach of the law—a strange letter, alleged to be Sea, and the Mississippi I transition from the administration of Palmerston from a Paris correspondent, but whether of Misfortunes never come single ; but the op. to that of Malmesbury was softened by the in- English or foreign extraction we are left to pressive weight of an infliction depends upon our tervention of Earl Granville. It is true, indeed, doubt. The writer naively desires to be informed, means of bearing it; and a great nation should that even before that time, Lord Palmerston's why the French refugees in Jersey and Guernsey be prepared to confront great adversities. We own method of conducting the foreign relations are not expelled by the British Government. " It must make proportionate changes if we would be of this country had been cramped and warped by may become a question demanding the immediate so prepared. As it is, there is not a cloud in the the active intervention of his colleagues ; and the and serious attention of our Government whether sky that does not find us exposed rather than public has long since been informed how, in the French Red Republicans and political re- prepared. Practical government has fallen into Vienna, at that time the most important capital fugees of all colours shall be allowed to collect abeyance or has been trusted to journeyman of Europe, a special messenger and a tea service and congregate in such numbers in places so routine, and we are about to feel the effects . were waiting to supersede the diplomatic influence near—so very near — to the French coast as Ireland has been roused to Ultra-Catholic fierce- of the Foreign office. Guernsey and Jersey." This is noticeable lan- ness by the No-Popery cry, and a return of the The Whig Government, with its anti-demo- guage in the leading columns of the Government potato famine comes ; as if Heaven were to throw ' cratic leanings, had already consented to employ ournal. The writer adds, tbat a " friendly" the terrible sound of despair into the cry for the Earl of Westmoreland, and to dabble in lady- ifrenchman might " understand how, under my good Government, and were to ask, through the like presents of conciliation. The Granville Lord Palmerston , these gatherings in the Chan- shrill voice of suffering, what right political capitulation was a step further. The attempt at nel Islands should be allowed, or even en- triflers have to tamper with the grave duties of the Mather surrender went too far for the moment, couraged ; but what I cannot comprehend is the the statesman P Factions contending for power but a show of concession to public influence in continuance of such things under Lord Malmes- have set town against country ; ceconomical this country has covered that mistake for the bury and the Earl of Derby." Our readers will dogmas have taught capitalists in towns, and time. It would appear that Her Majesty's not be so slow of comprehension. The writer, how- landowners in the country, that the humbler Ministers have succeeded in convincing Austria ever, indulges the belief that the " causes of an- classes are no charge of theirs, but that the poor and Russia that St. James's has become an noyance and irritation will be speedily removed." must take care for themselves : and now a scanty effective member of tho Holy Alliance. This is The " feeler" is evident and complete. harvest threatens want of work in our towns, the new term in the advance of reaction. These phenomena in the direction of the want of food and of employment for the untaught, The Emperor of Austria is making a royal continent, we say, impart the ugliest suspicions. and already half-starved labourers of the fields. progress in Hungary, marked by courts martial It is impossible not to connect these signs of an Factions have been wasting their time in the and gross severities to satisfy old grudges intrigue on the continent of Europe, in which true faction fi ghts of Parliament, and talking against individuals; by insulting ceremonies to the Downing-street would seem to bo involved, with about " Sanitary Reform ;" and now the Asiatic Hungarians, reminding them that their indepen- the otherwise inexplicable policy of Downing- cholera, marching from Erzeroum to Warsaw and dences destroyed; and by a more than Napoleonic street west of the Atlantic. Dantzig, comes to join its English ally, " summer abundance of lying official narratives, sent back cholera," already visiting our crowded, un- to the West of Europe, for the purpose of making THE CLOUDED SKY. drained, unwashed streets, thick set with uu- us believe that the by Emperor parades through his Tiie sky is overcast, and gloom invades not only purified grave-yards ; to be expatiated again faithful Hungarians, amidst fervent expressions the atmosphere, but the outlook both of the poli- a fast, and an humiliation for breaking, with of delight. At the same time, it is proclaimed tician and the ooconomist. Rain, just now, means pedantic consciousness, " the laws of Nature, and that a note from the Cabinet of St. James's to a damaged harvest, and a damaged harvest means of the God of Nature." The soaking sky pours the Austrian Government, gives assurance that hunger—means a darkening of our prosperity— dow n rains poisoned by what thoy fall upon, and measures of precaution will be taken to prevent means, perchance, discontent. And rain so heavy in tho body of disease the heart will sink. While the retirement of Kossuth, at N otting-hiH, from has not oppressed tho harvest for years. It wo stand thus, comes tho news of theso un- troubling the good relation established between comes the more painfully after the bright warm pleasing misunderstandings with our natural England and Austria. hopes of tho early Hummer : " laughing Cores" allies in America, or worse understanding with Ihe Earl of Westmoreland is announced to hangs her head and mourns. It may pass in- our natural enemies, tho upholders of tyranny in make a tour in Italy, as we have sa id, on an anti- deed : tho glass is rising ; tho sun bursts forth Europe ; and we hear tho news with all the more Minto principle. Some person in the Whig again ; but the five days' rain-cloud is a dark dismay, because Ave havo no confidence in thoso Government sent Lord John Russell's father-in- memento. who have undertaken to govern us, and for us. law to represent English feeling in the Italian Such visitations, as wo continue to insist, aro true But there is day light beyond the cloud. There peninsula ; and ho did it fairly enough, by ad- " judgments." We have, in many w ays, broken is nothing that England needs, just now, so much d ressing the I tal ian people, and telling them that " thc laws of Nature and of tho God of Nature," as a trial of adversity. Wo havo had too little, Eng land desired their success in achieving na- physically, morally, and politically. It often nationally, within the last forty years. Tho tional independence and personal liberty. Some happens, indeed, that wo fall short of a full obe- banking crash of 182.5 only affected classes ; the person in the Whig Government encouraged the dience to those laws ; but not often that the dis- railway crat.h of 184( 5 '7 was also a class irrita- Sicilians to believe that England would sup- obedience is seen in so many shapes of conscious tion ; even the potato famine of 1847 inflicted its port them in acquiring an independent sover- misdoing as it is in the neglect of setting our heaviest scourge on Ireland alone. ^England, eignty ; but some other persons in that Cabinet towns in order, in tho alienation of classes, and almost scatheless, long prospering, is found withdrew that support, gave tho lie to tho in the violations of public virtue. And now, " apathetic, content with things as they arc— Russell' assurance of Lord John s father-in-law, verily, the shadow of this clouded sky discloses with injustice abroad , with unseemliness at homo and sufferod Italy to fall again, unhelped, almost many a lurid fire of self-retribution kindling for —content to be governod by men who cannot uncomfortod, beneath the heel of Austria. After us. embody national honour. But out of the very that good work of Whig transition, " back again," Our political factions havo been play ing a rival disturbances come relief. Tho formor famine, fol- Lord Westmoreland is to make a tour in the game of bare-faced hypocrisy, and they are lowed by the gold discovery, drained Ireland, anil South for tho purpose of oncouraging the Abso- f eel punished. Displacing a party which had forfeited has thinned even England; and already do we lutist party with the assurance of official Eng- its political vitality by tho outrageous abuse of the social effects, North and South. In poor ill- lish sympathy. In anticipation of his appoaraneo, a chartered "Iiy pocrisy ; tho " Conservative" paid hungry Wiltshire, hiring fairs are ill td- the constitutional Government of Piedmont iH faction entered ofiice with a greater hypocrisy tended—by tho labouring class ; in Norfolk and obliged to fall away from tho sturdy, unflinching of its own—displacing Free-traders on tno pro- Suffolk, formers are concerting against omigra- Fine Arts ; an idea which he repulsed with that—" The Chancellor will apply himself to re- tion • in Nottingham, employment is good, the arket being thinned ; in Perth, farmers energy, since he would not displace M. Charles duce the expenses of proceedings under commis- labour-m " at the able consulting about the dreaded rise of wages ; Blanc. D'Orsay declared, with generous indigna- sions de lunatico inquirendo; "th are and learned Queen's Advocate is applying his London itself, common porters have a com- tion, that to displace the brother of the man, to in the mind to the amendment of the Ecclesiastical mission to find clerks, in lieu of the " gents" who whom in fact Louis Napoleon owed it that jo country had been opened to Courts ;" and " that never in the memory of man are " off to the diggins," and masters assume an rtals of his civility. The despised classes are be- limself, would be an act of baseness. Other was there a body of gentlemen so bent on law unwonted reform as the members of the present Cabinet ;" ginning to be valued. Dangers abroad will Napoleonic ideas found in d'Orsay the most us from our morbid -apathy. Adverse energetic and sincere disapproval, notably the we are not so sure that they will succeed ; rouse assailed. as because ho trust ean be placed in them to work seasons at home will restore a healthier stern- Roman expedition, which he openly " And when we have felt the want enoug h, an " infamy." The following letter, addressed to any reforms which are not dictated to, and forced ness. willing to take these shall insist on having a Government that de- a distinguished friend in London, will show the on them. But we are officious we admissions as evidence how strongl Ministers serves our confidence, for its ability, strength, feeling that he entertained at the time :—. y public virtue—a Government that would " April 19, 1849. feel the breeze, and how keenly desirous they are and dear friend, if you did but know how ill- somewhere. ake us feel confident even in the face of cho- " Ah! my to snatch at popularity m blooded I have become in this cursed country ! Such To be successful, the movement must rel lera, war, and a deluged harvest. y on a collection of rabble, intriguers, fools, simpletons, and other propelling agencies. And these are not LOUIS NAPOLEON'S BEST FRIEND. cowardly recreants I I feel France within me, and wanting. It is well known that Lord Chief Jus- look for her around me in vain. And you have been tice Knight Bruce is alive to the necessity of "I have lost my best friend !" is said to have fancying that I also should contract the political gan- reform ; and when the tide of wholesome innova- been the exclamation of Louis Napoleon, on grene ! Why, I am twenty times more what I was in tion has surged up to him, we may be sure of its learning the death of Alfred d'Orsay. Whether London, instead of having deviated one hair's breadth, depth and power. said or not, the phrase points to a truth. Alfred as you seemed to fear. Next session, we are enabled to state, Sir Ben- d'Orsay had been the best friend of Louis Na- " Yes, I quite agree with you in all you say in your jamin Hall will bring the whole question before poleon ; but friendships are not always reciprocal, letter. I have seen your brave and worthy brother : the House of Commons. This will test the and the motive is often worthier than the object. we are sincere friends; for sympathy is as swift as the earnestness of Lord Derby—if he be in office— D'Orsay was a genial man, who put a generous electric telegraph. I was almost jealous at his having and of Lord Any-body-else, if he be not. It is construction upon all that sought it; and it may taken Nieuwekerke for his second rather than myself. truly amazing how even the long - suffering be said that his friendship for Louis Napoleon It was an infidelity to me, who am now acknowledged British public can have so long endured these was too great to be thoroughly welcome. The as your bosom friend. sinks of official laziness, legal corruption, and greatest duty which a friend can perform last and " I have dined at Lamartine's, and he told me that jud icial plundering, favourably known to the he did perform, in keeping the truth before the you would be pleased with what be had written about tutelar Deities of Fraud and Delay by the title rising adventurer ; but that duty of a friend you. I told Girardlh what you wished. of Ecclesiastical Courts. could probably have been spared by him to whom "I hope to see you again soon, for this long-desired it was given without reward. D'Orsay became amnesty.is coming; much too late, indeed, but better in himself the standard and measure of Louis Na- HINTS TO NEW M.P.'S. BY AN EXPERIENCED late than never. I look for it on the 4th of May,full STRANGER/' poleon's bad spirit. and entire. [With what result we now know.l " An adventurer in the most liberal sense of the I. " What do you think of the amazing imbecility of - term, d'Orsay had violated many of the con- the Italian expedition ? This time, the geese of the Gentlemen,—An argument invariably used hy ventional laws of society,—had erred even under our great statesmen against the proposition of Capitol will laugh at the Gauls. The Republic con- annual Parliaments and of triennial Parliaments higher tests ; but he retained the best qualities of stituting itself first soldier to the Pope! I said to an adventurer,—courage and generosity. In is, that it takes, at the very least, two sessions Lamartine that the Revolution would lose its virginity to acclimate a new member to the moral atmo London he always took the most lively interest by tbis intervention ; for it was, historically speaking, - in the republican refugees. He raised subscrip- sphere of the House. Perhaps the argument is really a fine thing to have been so moderate. Either a very silly one, since the atmosphere of the tions for them, and gave towards those subscrip- the whole of Europe should have been overrun by the tions sums by no means inconsiderable, even at a House may be very deficient in moral oxygen, Republican flag, or France should have made it a matter from too much using up, and since the rough time when he was much harassed. His political of coquetry not to stir at all. In fact, blunders are notions were a bizarre mixture of republicanism vigour of new brooms, provided the supply of being heaped on blunders. Que le Didble emporte Ies new brooms can be kept up, may be worth more and imperialism. By early habit he was an aris- imbecilles J and he will have a precious task ! Au re- tocrat ; b than the symmetrical and leisurel sweeping of y the circumstances of his life, his ardent voir J A thousand friendly recollections from the y temperament, and his disregard of restraint, he practised and somewhat scrubby besoms. But was trained ladies. the argument, at least, shows that there is an to sympathize with democracy ; by Believe me ever your affectionate the bent of his genius in every " understood supposition that the new member is , he was artist , d'Ohsay. sense of the word, and thus he sought the more "A. " but a " Fuchs," or " Freshman," for a year or refined and dramatic developments of either po- D'Orsay was too stout a friend, and Louis Na- two after taking the oaths : that a Peel , if a litical doctrine. Socialism pleased him by its poleon could not stand the strain put upon the Fuchs, is a less desirable legislator than a Sib thorp, daring aspect, and he was far from judging it, as better part of his nature. All intercourse be- if a seasoned "Bursch"; and with the sense thatyou men of his position in England so commonly do, tween them ceased. are all, therefore, in everybody's estimation, a set according to the calumnies propagated by At that time d'Orsay was placed in circum- of rather ridiculous greenhorns, you may be dis- ignorance and timidity. stances the most unfortunate,—so much so, that posed, havinghad a week or two to recover from tho With Louis Napoleon ho had been intimately he accepted an asylum from a friend. Tho ac- intoxication of your senatorial glories, to listen allied, in great part by services which he had. complished and fortunate painter, Gudin, offered deferentially to the hints of a "stranger," who, as rendered to that companion in knight-errantry ; him a small lodging in a house which belonged one of the public, and privately, is interested in and when it became a question of raising Napoleon to him ; and d'Orsay fitted up the humble apart- your good/ behaviour. Doubtless there is a to the Presidency, Count d'Orsay employed him- ment with the taste that characterized him. He species of wisdom to bo learned only by re- self with prodigious activity, writing letter upon hung its walls with pictures, which artists sent peatedly playing tho fool ; and a perfect " Uuido letter to all parts of France, in tho sincere con- him from all parts ; and thus ho formed it into a to tho House of Commons" would no more turn viction that nis friend , when in power, would bo truo sanctuary of the arts. Hero ho was visited a raw Jones at once into a Tom Duncombe (the tho same man that ho appeared in his writings by all that Paris contained of the intellectual and greatest tactician who ever sat in the House), or when a prisoner. Moreover, d'Orsay had tho most the amiable. Here, however, he was seized with an unknown Smith into a Ralph Rernal, suavest profound contempt and aversion for Cavaignac, that malady which brought him to death. When and keenest of all chairmen of Committees, than mainly, we believe, becauso that prejudiced and ho coneontod to accept the pluoe ho tardily found a map of Paris would teach an Alderman French. half-sighted man had permitted himself to treat for him, and so long repelled, he was literally in But the House of Commons has its esoteric and an illustrious member of tho Socialist party with a dying condition ; broken down in strength, in exoteric faiths and faces ; and if the lieophiles tfross injustice. After Louis Napoleon had been spirit, perhaps even dimmed as to his insight. get a f ew " wrinkles" as they approach the thres- nominated to tho Presidency, d'Orsay did not Louis Napoleon had avenged himself for d'Or- hold, they may be able to pass muster very much eeaso to write to him, until his departure fro m say's too courageous friendship, by seducing tho sooner than they or their constituents could England, urging the honour which ho would attain dying man into a position which ho had refused reasonably havo expected among tho venerable by an amnesty. Wo may say that these letters so long as he retained his faculties. But d'Orsay 's priests in the adytum who havo blundered their have come within our own perusal ; and they friends remember him as ho was ; and they judge own way to initiation. People who study tho were very urgent—most elevated in their senti- of Louis Napoleon by the manner in which he " Reports" have no more idea of the House of ments, almost imperious. appreciated his " best friend." Commons than an Adel phi pit has of the Adelphi Summoned to Paris, ho was received at the troupe. The House is a great theatre, with its Elysee more coldly than he might havo expected ; INDICATIONS OF lttiFOUM IN DOCTORS' green-room as well as its stage. It is a great tor those who feared his influence had represented COMMONS. club, all in all, in itself and fo itself, with its own to Louis Napoleon that the questionable reputo Numerous articles have lately appeared in the heroes, its own way of thought, and its own way <>' his friend would render tho intercourse disas- journals having a similar object to that in our of talk. Cut off' from the mass of the nation by fi ouH . Louis Napoleon might have replied that Inst number on the Ecclesiastical Courts. Public? the restricted proceeds, and il suffrage whence it inj ury wore to bo done by such a consideration feeling on this topic ia setting in stiffl y against compelled, by its forms, and the presence of 't would be mutual : but in his prosperity the these timo-hon<9in*od abominations. The pres- Ministers of the Crown, te> follow ollicial ends, selfish man forgot the friend of his adversity, sure has boon felt in high quarters, and instances the English House of Commons is in no respect ossibl -l y his coldness was increased by tho fact are plentiful" as blackberries of tho tendencies a " popular assembly ;" and no man will succeed that d'Orsay obliged him to hear a republican towards reform which are being forced from with- that fact. Ah! but, Imie in it who does not remember of language little to be relished by a out upon people in pow cr. The verdict of tho na- says Jones, I como from threo hundred thousand prince" whom the Baroches, and other people tion is so decided, that there can bo no doubt people, and I'll talk at the nation over the head <>' that sort, were then intoxicating with tho Ministers will try to monopolise tho popular cry Anterior .Joneses havo tried grossest of the Speaker. ; flattorieg. Nevertheless there was a for their own use. And although the Morning and havo not only collapsed in tho Houso, but talk of giving to tho Count tho direction of tho Tlwoild tells us in its eomi-cQnlidcntial \ybispcr havo failed altogether 01 publio good. Reform the House hy all means ; but meanwhile, if you physique and what nice care of the best of frames heat ; and when Mr. Pitt would be leanim* a basm go there, Jones, go to make the most of it as it is needed to stand the rush and crush of compe- behind the^peaker's chair, dSff whether the self of the port, and arranging " is, and to manage it to your own ends (other- titive existence. It is not a question the argument w$, wise those of your constituents) in spite of it. body can " stand it ;" it is a question whether which he would, by and bye, destroy «7i talents." one preliminary new men should pay the physical nature is such that the man can face, But the House of Commons m th There is days was onl some attention to. Those of the new members fight with, control, or at least keep abreast of, y a magnificent debating society T not new men, in the sense of being the crowds of rough, violent, fierce natures to be these days, our Russells, and Gladstones who are Djsraeh aS practised to fi ght through public work in public met in every mei6e, small and large, at commit- s live by a regimen ; dull, perhans in proportion as places, do not need the hint ; but it is indispen- tees and in public meetings. It is a question not they dwell in rigid decencies • W others. There should be a medical ex- only " Shall I last so many years if I work so thus only enabled to humour thebuu genius sable for r?o f»irto/-l1-iT rvWso-Sfno/vwf-malVl a o»J _l of th amination and a medical certificate for all new hard and live so and so?" but "Am I the sort w-~~ecnnnh- „a. ^„ ^ WJ * „m bmw one. ^ s of sherry, A men facing the House of Commons. Clearly, of man to impress myself on others, and to glas m our era, might destroy a great physique is one of the conditions of success stand out of the crowd of despised common- week s work, or change the fate of a debate in a life of action ; and in the modern career of a place ?" That is entirely a question to be an- Eighteen hours out of every twenty-four must be man who works with his generation, there is swered by the beat of the pulse. sacrificed by all men meaning great results in a more veritable bodily labour than is undergone brisk world ; and none can keep their legs i See what the fatigue of public life is—for those ' n by a soldier in a campaign. Mark the men who who mean to succeed in it. It is a sort of busi- such a career, without shunning most of th<$ win in public life ; and you will see that they are ness in which so much work will bring such and delights civilization provides for humanity with- all men of the enduring build. It seems a truism; such a return. Position in the House of Com- out a " purpose." but very few people observe this, and, at any mons is what members who are practical men My preliminary hints extend unmanageably - rate, not one in ten thousand regulates his must aim at: and position is only accorded to and what more I have to say must be postponed " choice of life" by a reference to his anatomy. those who labour hardest. In fact, those who till next week. I don't mean big men or broad men. I mean men House entirel induce give thems6lves up to the y, THE CO-OPERATIVE with large heads (proportionate to the trunk), the House to give itself up to them. Mr. Dis- MOVEMENT thick necks, and deep chests. Other sort of men raeli has lived in the House for twelve sessions . II. Men that are great lovers of themselves may write great books, or start the ideas for the greatest member of " waste the public Sir Robert Peel was the " Divide with reason between self-love and society; and be so men of action ; but this sort of man only succeeds Parliament ever known." Lord John Russell true to thyself as thou be not false to others."—Peakcis Bacok in action. These are the men who " get on" in even talks in private with the House of Commons (To the Editor of the Leader.) the world, commercial or political. " Industry," reverenced b peroratory twang. Mr. Hume is y , the key to all success, is only endurance ; and both sides and all parties, because in the hottest Sib —The produce of the earth — all that ig endurance is a tangible physical quality, no ser- extracted from its surface by the application of agitation he was deferential to the House : and , a mons and no personal resolves can convey to a because his individual labours have enhanced in- science labour, and capit l -+ is now divided, under the name of rent, profit, and man. calculably the aggregate estiirf&tion of the whole wages, be- Force and vigour—pluck—are the certain ac- reward is propor- tween three classes of society—namely, the pro- body. Among the lesser gods etors of land companiments of a special general conformation tionate to capacit for work. The Wilson Pattens, pri , the owners of stock, and the y labourers, by whose skill and industry all w of the hinder part of the head and of the neck ; Ralph Bernals, the Greenes, and the Baines, and ealth and these qualities are to the forehead—to the , perhaps with has been created. But if the principle of in- the Thornleys, work for the House a , thinking and creating faculties—just what the results of which the public is not directly sensible, dividu l property were excluded and land and Tender is to the Locomotive, supplying all the in the assortment, privately, of public business ; all the instruments of production were held in coals. A certain animalism is indispensable to and the reward is not simply m the sense ot vir- common, the direction of labour and the division of produce would become public and mag the effect, in moving masses of men, of pure in- tuous jog-trotism, but in the smiles which isterial tellectuality ; and so true is this, that great de- beam on them on all sides, in the acquiescence acts, whether the division were made upon a fects, so considered abstractedly, of character, shown to all their wishes, in the power granted system of absolute equality, or of apportionment arc necessary to political leaders—that, in short, to them in regard to private bills, and in the to the wants or deserts of individuals, or upon the great thinkers, who are great by force of the setting aside of 1500Z. a year for Chairmen of some principle, or supposed principle, of justice exclusively pure intellect, cannot succeed in committees. On the other hand the men who or expediency. , The first of these modes of distribution ia public life at all. This is a theory like most of will not identify themselves with the House— r its kind, to be tested by application to the men who don't sit through debates, who shirk com- know n by the name of Communism, a word around us ; and it is worth nothing if it is not mittees, and who talk of their constituents, and recently introduced into this country, although true of the prominent leaders in our English po- give themselves the airs of persons only conde- communities founded upon similar principles litics. The Premier in esse and the Premiers in scending to be members—signall fail either of existed at the most remote periods of history. y princi posse are certainly illustrations. A Premier intimidating the Senate, or of gratifying them- The Communists entirely exclude the ple reaches his altitude in these days of oligarchical selves. Mr. Cobden, for instance, has never of individual property, and assume that every supremacies by influence—by impressing himself adopted the House of Commons style or knack— one has an equal right to an equal share of the on those around him ; and the strong, forcible, has never attempted to manage the House ; and common stock. Communism, in fact, being a a enduring, restless man only is equal to that most hence his position in the House in no way reflects system of rigid social equality, enforced by enormous and wearying of human labours, diplo- his middle-class power out of doors. Mr. Bright more or less absolute authority. On tho Com- matically and assiduously " making friends." It is always member for Manchester—never member munistic scheme, supposing it to bo successful , is not a new distinction, that, between men of of the House ; and , he is without there would bo an end of all anxiety concerning , therefore power has thought and men of action—between the official of influencing individually or generally. More the means of subsistence ; but, as Mr. Mill stated in his Principles of Political JEconomy.— engrossers of acts of parliament and tho poets signal instances may be adduced of tho fol ly who have docreed tho truths on which statutes of men joining a body they intend to defy. Mr. " It is perfectly possible to realize the same advan- rest ; but it is new that the gentlemen who are George Thompson was Oh , oh'd ,in his first speech , tage in n society grounded on private property ; and thinking of the " honour of a seat" need not wait and expressed his indifference to the opinions to this point the tendencies of political speculat ion aro for experience to test their capacity to work out thus suggest ed ; and ho waa only heard or after- rapidly converging. Supposing this attained, it is in labour their dreams of a career. They can wards as a failure. O'Connell attempted, in turn, surely a vast advantage cm the sido of the individual obtain the knowledge by measuring their anato- to bully and cajolo , and never did any thing for system, that it is compatible with a far greater degree mies against fhe current Pitts and Peels of their Ireland iu consequence. And identification with of personal liberty. Tho perfection of social nrrangu- lete inde- day. tho House is only to be effected by working sedu- meutfl would bo to secure to all persons comp Of course all this appears only to apply to a lousl pendence and freedom of action, subject to no restric- y with and for tho House. Less work would Tho very few ; since every new M.I', does not aim at make fortimen on 'Change, or fame at tho bar. tion hut that of not doing injury to others. this free- being Premier. But it applies to all. It is a With constituents to satisfy on the one hand, and scheme which we are considering abrogates question of physique as to the fitness of every the sti pulations of the House of Commons to dom entirely, and places every action of every member man, if fitted in respect to brains, for the wear meet on the other, there is no rest. Thoso who of tho community under command." and tear of popular agitation—House of Commons havo private business as well as public duties to Socialism has been adopted by the English life being 1111 " agitation ," though now and again , discharge cannot, meet the requirements of their communists as the characteristic name for their only, " popular." Certainly, to the man who ofliccs , and fall into the second rank of House of own doctrine, although it does not necessarily goes into the House of Commons as he would Commons heroes ; one reason why the lords, imply the absolute negation of individualism. go into a club, because it is " fhe right thing" squires, and sons of vauveaux riches—the great Tho term, Socialism, is now generally applied to to belong to if , and who contemplates a lounging disengaged beat the Radicals, who havo gene- any economical system by which land — ""' career of back benches and silence, the specifi- rally private worlds to look after, in legislative original inheritance of the human race—and all cation of any physical condition is needless. racing. Those who devote themselves to the the instruments of labour, become the property Hindi persons, Lordlings and squires, are not fit House of Commons exclusively, to become con- of communities, or of associations. The modern for public life, because the choice of such a career spicuous personages, live fhe hardest of human Socialists, however, advocate a system , not <>' betrayH tho want of common intellect and the lives—live such lives, no doubt, because the equal , but of unequal, division ; that all should absence of common honest y; and I am speaking labour is fhe excitement they love ; but whatever labour according to their strength or capacity, in reference, to tho average new men elected , their abstract, intellectual admiration of fhe and share the product according to thoir deserts possessed of presentable ability to judge on plain funct ion of governing the British empire, their or necessities. Hitherto, the general policy/" 1 matters and lietweeu competing leaders, and who qualifications for if must he dependent upon the Europe has greatly impeded the free oireuhifio' comfort tbeir conscience with tiie conviction t hat report of their physiologist. Even when men are of labour and capital , both from employment to they havo princi ples to work out, and that they gifted with, tho giant frame of a Hume', or a G ra- employment, and from place to place. But j» can be of service fo their country . ham, or a Peel , they must exist by the most spite of these obstructions, Labour has already UH If they have been nt work before they saw the stringent rules of feeding—must treat themselves passed through throe successive stages '" hustings—if they have been barristers, railway as trainers treat, racers. There was a lime whim progress towards final emancipation ; nann'ty. royalties, busy merchants, busy not onl y in tho the newspaper report could be—" Mr. Sheridan irom slavery to serfdom, und from sorfdoiii to counting-house but in the public business of their staggered and said ;" when Fox would drop in hired service, under the competitive system. A'i< localities, they know precisely what amount of alter thirty hours of picquct and talk at fe v er Mr. Mill acknowledges, that—'' we are, as yew Hall, with a simile certainly difficult to explain—" Mo- alluding to Mr. Gale's display, said, with that quaint too ignorant either of what individual agency in form, or Socialism in its best form, can deration," says the Bishop, prettily, " is the silken courage for which Mr. Dawson is remarkable, that its best and now lish, to be qualified to decide which of the string running through the pearl chain of all our vir- " he had tried teetotalism for several years, accomp 5' We have been will be the ultimate form of human society." tues." Moderation, by our Temperance teachers, is he was giving the other thing a turn. two ever since, expecting Co-operative Association (the co-partnership of described in the extremest of language, and hy the looking in the print-sellers windows Mr. Cruikshank, in working capitalists, for the purpose of self-em- grimmest of figures. It is in their most forbearing to see another series of plates by which the celebrated young preacher of St. Saviour's ployment), or concert in the direction of labour and tolerant mood that they liken it only to " an in- will be traced through well-marked declensions down the division of produce, is by no means in- clined plane, polished as marble, and slippery as ice, and to abject destitution, if not to a more significant end. compatible with, or hostile to, individual freedom upon which, if the foot be once placed, you inevitably lide down to perdition." This is false, as a rule,—it Such are the immoralities of advocacy which disfi gure or the right of private possession ; and when g ten, in nineteen out a cause, that might, by wiser management, gather properly understood and applied, it becomes a may be false in nine cases out of to it all unto itself the widest honour, as it might be the fruit- friendly and auxiliary power. The problem to of twenty, but the user of the simile will cling solved by means of Co-operation is this,— the same for that. The temperance societies were ful source of rational blessings. be thousand ways Whether it be possible to obtain the efficiency called upon to subscribe a testimonial to Mr. George It were too long to descant on the in series of which incurable hostilities are raised up against this and economy of production on a large scale, and Cruikshank, in reward for that extraordinary " which commenced with question. It is an old trick of the politician and the to adjust the proportional distribution of pro- designs entitled the " Bottle, be the conse- duce, without dividing the producers—the em- the delineation of a respectable artisaa pouring out a theologian to infer what ihey suppose will charge those loyers and the employed—into two hostile par- glass of wine for his young wife, after dinner :—a glass quences of any given theory, and to p and to declare ties, with apparently conflicting interests ; represented as the first step on the aforesaid " inclined inferences as factsupon their opponents, the to them. On rates of the wages of labour being adjusted in a plane." The " perdition," you may be sure, is provided that they intend all the crimes imputed irit of reckless and bitter antagonism P The for in the end. The infamous moral of this series of this principle licensed victuallers are denounced by the sp the same perfect solution of the problem implies, that the designs is, that the man comes to kill his wife ; he dies thousands as criminals and murderers. Upon butcher—the associate, while preserving the greatest possible himself in a mad-house; his daughter finds her way to principle the vegetarian denounces the amount of individual freedom, shall secure all the brothel, and his son to the hulks. And you are hydropath the druggist—the homoeopath the allopath the social advantages of union. gravely requested to believe, or submit to be told, that —and upon the same principle everybody might There are two objections frequently made to this will be the end of every family, where a glass of denounce everybody else. The wiser course would the co-operative system ; first , that men would wine is conscientiously poured out at the table between surely be to trace the consequences of a given habit to endeavour to evade their fair share of labour ; husband and wife. The consequence is that thousands its own residts and trust to that for reformation—at and secondl that they would work less when of families, disgusted at this intolerant and calumnious the same time carefully allowing for difference of y, conclusions they work for themselves than when they work advocacy, turn away from the noble cause of Tempe- opinion, carefull y respecting conscientious for others. rance, to which, otherwise, they would lend useful the opposite of our own. Your modern temperance In answer to the firs t objection it has been countenance and valuable support. We have lately apostle will have none of this precaution. He manner as criminal as wittily remarked, that there is a kind of work, seen the Reverend Mr. Gale, of Birmingham, outrage seems to think moderation of hitherto more indispensable than most others, an audience of ladies and clergymen by proposing that moderation in alcohol. He perhaps does not say as though he that of fighting, which is never conducted on any every missionary should sign the pledge, or something right out that he is infallible, but he acts other than the co-operative system ; and neither to that suspicious effect. We have no sympathy with were, and he refuses to believe that any one can have in a rude nor civilized society the rudeness with which Mr. Gale was treated by Mr. reasons for pursuing a conduct the reverse of his own. has the supposed Teetotal difficulty been experienced. Beilby, who knocked his spectacles off, but we can very Dr. Frederick Lees, the philosopher of the , but it To the second objection I repl that as the well understand how a body of educated gentlemen ranks, may be excepted from this classification y, , which commands work done by fre emen is in the end cheaper than might well feel outraged, at this gratuitous imputation is difficult to recal any other name as associated with this species of consi- that performed by slaves, so the work executed by put upon their powers of self-conduct. In another public respect, writer lately found self-employ ing associates, even at a higher rate of series of engravings, the " teetotaller" will show you deration. An eminent London After the remuneration, is more productive and profitable that Moderation is the transition step to destitution , himself in the provinces engaged to lecture. establishment than the labour of hired workmen, who have no and, vice versd, that if you abstain entirely, instead of lecture, he asked to be directed to some at least for money, other interest in the enterprise than to fulfi l their being " moderate," you are " certain sure" to have a where hospitality could be purchased He was contract and to earn their wages. The liberal parlour, a parrot, a side-board, and a fortune. It is as it may at any Inn in the kingdom. where he asked, being reward of labour, as it is the effect of increasing this intemperate extravagance that brings the honest directed to a Temperance Hotel, was told rudely that wealth, so it is a cause of the increase of popula- dogma of temperance into contempt. You know that fatigued, for a glass of wine. He tion ; and to complain of such a result would be thousands of gentlemen throughout our land every he could have nothing of the sort there. l to lament over the necessary cause and effect of day set beforo their guests the moat agreeable varieties " But it is necessai-y for me," was tbe rep y. in the necessity. It the greatest public prosperity. But, in my of wines, without caring to taste them themselves. " No matter. I do not believe l it to a cus- opinion, the improvement—moral and social as You know that thousands of gentlemen who have well- is not necessary to me and I cannot supp y friend or my well as physical, in the condition of the working stocked cellars never wero inebriated, and never will tomer. I would not supply it to my conscientious and discourte- classes, will be the most important result of the be. You know that thousands of people are hopelessly own father," answered the practical application of the principle of Self- poor, and rigidly temperate at the same time j and you ous hotel-keeper. Employment. despise the taetics which impute to every man the in- " Is this civil philosophy of thy invention, my friend?" In another letter I shall endeavour, briefly, to capacity of self-control, and pretend that intemperance said the indignant visitor. trace the history of modern Socialism. is the solo cause of distress : which ignore the other " It is my rule, and it is also the custom approved by I remain yours faithfully, thousand evils and oppressions to which civilized flesh tho Temperance Society to which I belong. They William Coningham. is heir—each in its turn a cause of social destitution. would exclude mo if I supplied wine in my house." Kemp Town, August Gth . The politician who ascribes all human evil to " class " Why even Dr. Carpenter, in the essay lying there legislation"—the social reformer who ascribes it all to (said the lecturer, pointing to a volume before h'nn) for HIE DANGERS OF THE TEMPERANCE " competition"—the orator of the tub in the neigh- writing which your Society gave a prize, would teach " CAUSE." bourhood of Bethel, who ascribes it all to the non-ac- you that under the circumstances of fatigue, just now Ih not Truth stronger than Error ?—then how is it ceptance of the last new creed he has adopted, we i>ass my own, a glass of wine would be salutary." that Error so often prevails, and Truth is so often an by, by common consent, as ill-informed fanatics. But " The rule of our society forbids it unless a medical alien ? Is not Truth omnipotent ?—then how is it this kind of doctrine on Temperance platforms, or in man has ordered it," was tho tart response. that it i.s so often' defeated ? Js not Truth immortal ? teetotal publications, is applauded as the essence of " Is it come to this in a civilized town in England —then bow is it that it bus so often perished ? Is not non-alcoholic philanthropy. Influential friends of rational that a man must live on the sufferance of every acci- Truth tbe most beautiful of things V—then bow is it temperance among tbe people, bave often asked why. dental keeper of a jiop-shop—and drink the detestable f li.it it, id so often disliked ? Is it not the most valu- tho Leader did not join tbis advocacy in a formal coihpounds which a Teetotal H otel may supply or go able of possessions V —then how is it that it is so com- manner. Our answer has always been, that to advocate without ; or, what is as humiliating, condescend to plead monly despised anel its friends persecuted ? Temperance in the usual way was to bring it into the order of his physician for bis least act of diet ?" Ask the enthusiast. The secret dwells with him : further contempt. To advocate it as we should think exclaimed the incensed metropolitan. iW » in two or three letters, we uuiy be ablo to show. rationally, wouldlie to expose ourselvesto certain harsh- " We believe alcoholic drinks to bo poison, and there- 1 heory is comparatively useless, unless practice ap- ness of imputation. If wo said ono word in favour of fore we cannot conscientiously supply them," replied plies it to life. Science is a sealed casket, unless you a rationa l temperance , (if such a conjunction of phrase, the Puritan of this Ginger-beer Church. hiive the Art, which liberates tho gem, and wears it. now made necessary, can bo allowed) we should very likely " Who made you the authority which determines In a very old book, in black letter and jaundiced leaves, be met by an accusation of being tho apologists of what is poison to me ? By what right do you dictate (that is if y,)u ]lim. ,-t \ uml\ tho edition now beforo intoxication. Such being the courtesy with which any to me what 1 shall exist upon?" me ,) you may road u Spanish proverb of great shrewd- approximate advocacy is commonly met. If a man is " We should apply tho same rule in a private house," ness, which might often be related with profit on ahsolutely a drunkard, he will find himself the object answered Lemonade. both sales tho Atlantic,— namely, tbat " Knowledge it- of sympathy and kind attentions on tho part of innu- " Do you mean that your brethren would refuse me, "»'U may ho an evil unless good sense take care of it." merable teetotal orators, and tract distributors—but if on a friendly visit, that food or beverage which f found •mw much -¦- in * . , more— true— ~ this«--»•' may--¦••j bo»"-< of"» zeal-vi in/ —whichvviu^u runsi in bo is simply a sensible, virtuous man, who avoids all most suitable for myself?" nUier anel thither, doing eif her good or mischief, never excess, and is master of Ids own impulses, he will bo sure O yes, we should," wiw the assurance of this dealer enijiuniig " which, so long as you applaud iU activity. to lie denounced by a hundred tongues and pens us the in cordials that make you sick. lo * w else cun you account for the failure of so many cause of all tbe drunkenness, vice, crime, and murder alcholic colloquist, " carry excolU-nt, " Would you," rejoined an movements ? Some reformations, now hm- in the world. Your moderate man is tho object of the insolence of your temperance so far ? What would Kiiisliin^ ollt . .,i,. . u lftst h()UrH > >u 0j in ti K,1I1Ht,lvCrt) m ml tho special and unrelenting antipathy of your teetotaller. you say if you were subjected to the same oflensivo rulo miiablo, that they have required an unusual dogreo of Just as the politician of " six-points" hates the man in life?" Yon visit a Vegetarian friend exacting a "lent, and ¦ ¦ i>o rseveninco, on the; part of their advocates of " four" more than ho hates tho Tory who will refuse wholesome mutton chop, which you could conscien- o kill fliiiin. The temperance movement would now him even one—just its the bigot hates the Uatiemalist tiousl cat. He tells you mutton is poison, he calks '« half as strong y again, had its friends been only half (who would purify his religion) moro than ho hates tho you a cannibal, and sets before you, as at Hum-common, »« earnest. You admire ¦» their enthusiasm, and deplore fat corruptionists who will destroy it—so tho teetotaller an unboiled cabbnge or raw carrot*.. You visit a. elects. They UV h e converted the name of tho abhors tho friend who sheds a manly charm over a H dropath in winter, and he insists upon your un- "nes t, virtue of y temperance into that disagreeable desig- salutary dogma. Touching tho Birmingham meeting muflliiig yourself, and letting tbe cold air brace you as nation " teototidisni. " - Moderation," says Bishop to which referonco has been made, Mr. George Dawson it braces himaolf. He cannot conscientiousl y suffer you of such an undertaking, and one to poison your skin, and he will no more suffer you to which will not I h recur on a future occasion, when the enter his house in a great coat than the Teetotaler intention of hS ing a Conference will be better known would allow you to bring in a bottle of wine. , and the localit selected for holding it will be in the nei friend invites you to a Christmas festivity, ghbourhood f A third a great body of co-operative associations. all his fires out, as he conscientiously objects to It was tl and lets hope of the conveners of the Conference lungs by the relaxing effeminacy of warm that most if poison your the leading characters known to coffee at breakfast, be favourable to as« air. Another refuses to give you ciative views in London would have been present and or your wife tea in the afternoon , as he conscientiously sit as delegates from different to poison your nerves with those deleterious associative bodies, wh objects by the terriis of the invitation for ' °' You fall ill under such unexpected usages aud holding the Co drugs. ference, were not confined in their the want of the accustomed conditions of your life, and choice to members of their own associations. On another send for your medical adviser. But you cannot have occasion T trust that we may find as members of him at your friend's house. He is a decided Homoco- the Conference all, or most, at least, of those whose names pathist ; and unless you will swallow certain globules of are con-" nected by public repntation with the advocaey " arsenicum," " belladonna, nux vomica," "lycopo- of co " " operation, as the representatives of associative dium," or " toxicodendron," in which you have no kind bodies Cntraril. and that by their presence all appearance of faith, you may perish. Your friend' s conscience will dtym of exclusive! ness in the constitution of tbe Conference will not condescend or consent to let you poison yourself by be effec- tuahy removed. Those who were present at allopathic mixtures and compounds. What is this rule [iJT THIS DEPAHTinmT , AS ALL OPI NIONS , HOWEVEB EXTBEME the meet- ABE ALLOWED AN IXPBESSION , THIS EDITOB UECESSABIL T. ing know that the exclnsiveness was in of conduct but the old Papist, Protestant, and Dissent- appearance HOLDS HIMSELF BESPO NSIBLE FOB 3TONB.1 only: from beginning to end the discussion ing intolerance, which dictated the form and spirit in s turned entirely on practical subjects interesting to all which men should worship God, under the pretence that There is no learned man but will confess he hath, much associa- tive bodies, and were as devoid of all sectarian they could not conscientiously allow men to poison their profited by reading controversies, his senses awakened, charac- and nis judgment sharpened. If, then, itbe profitable ter as it was possible for them to be; and souls b and doctrines unapproved by them. This if the cir- y creeds for him. to read, why should it not, at least, be tolerable cumstances which I have mentioned is a principle which, instead of making you respect con- for his adversary to write.—Milton. gave to the Con- ference an appearance of exclusiveness, science as the beautiful rule of a man s own life, makes the conveners of it are not fairly chargeable with a result which you curse it as the source of public fanaticism and of THE LATE CO-OPERATIVE CONFERENCE. they endeavoured to avoid, and individually regret. private rudeness, as that which converts the table of (To the Editor of the Leader!) I am, Sir, yours truly, friendly hospitality into a bear garden of contending E. Vansittabt Neaxe. and intolerant sectaries. " No, sir," added the out- London, August 9th, 1852. raged litterateur, " if this is your doctrine, may it Sir,—A paragraph having appeared in the Leader of perish, with you. Order my cab, and direct the driver Saturday, August the 7th, stating, " It may satisfy in- VON BECK AT BIRMINGHAM quirers to know that we did not exclude the report of to some inn where there is more civility and less pre- (To the Editor of the Leader.) tension to public virtue. For they are more excusable the Co-operative Conference—which we had prepared Birmingham, August 10, 1852. who put an enemy into their mouths to steal away their last week—because of its sectarian and exclusive cha- Dear Sie, ' In your impression of the brains than they who, pretending to a virtue others racter, so damaging as we conceive to the interests ad- — 31st ult., appeared a leading article on The Von have not, put a dogma into their heads to steal away vocated by that conference," &c,—permit me to re- " Beck Case," with which I fully agree, and regard it as one of their manners." mark, that if it be meant by the above that the report the you had prepared was of a sectarian and exclusive fairest summaries of the facts of the case the press Here was the instance of an educated gentleman, of " character," you acted wisel in withholding has yet issued. unblemished priva te habits, of remarkable abstemious- y its publi- cation j but if it be meant that the Conference itself "An Old Subscriber," dating from this town, in ness, treated with Vandal coarseness, and forced, at a was of a sectarian and exclusive character, making some remarks on a passage in that article, late hour, into the streets, to seek some other public I think the remark could only have been made under some misap- says, that Mr. Dawson's brother-in-law gave, as the asylum, where he could be supplied with the ordinary prehension of the character and medical adviser of the " Baroness," his opinion, that conditions of his own health. proceedings of that body. I should therefore feel much obliged, and I am " any sudden excitement, or the exertion of walking up And these cases are of common occurrence. It will sure the delegates who attended that Conference will stairs, might cause her death," and therefore implies, be said this gentleman ought not to have been directed also be glad to learn from you, in the next number of that the fatal issue might have been foreseen. to such a place. Granted ; but may it not be asked the Leader, in what the sectarian and exclusive cha- On this I would beg to remark, that after this wh laces, with the title of Temperance Hotels y such p , racter of thc Conference consisted. Waiting your reply, opinion had been given by Mr. Crampton, the pseudo should be conducted so as to disgust everybody with I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Baroness had so far recovered as go out both in a that wholesome name, and to make it impossible for a Thomas Shobteb, carriage and on foot, that on the night previous to her public speaker to revert to it, who otherwise might Secretary to the Conference. arrest she was dancing, and on the same night would extend its influence among the people. There are some [Our correspondent ex officiolabours under a gratuit- have taken part in private theatricals —rather exciting few Temperance Hotels in the provinces from which ous difficulty in not being able to divine whether the amusements. * this intolerance is banished, but the gentlemen who report we prepared, or the Conference, was "sectarian and Now, I would ask, with these facts before tlicm, keep them are all tabooed by their worthy colleagues of exclusive." We applied those terms to the Conference. and with the full conviction that the woman was an the Teetotal Committee. We have no right to com- We received a letter from Mr. Shorter, on July 13th , impostor, what else could the defendants have done plain of false professors, who bring true religion into requesting us to give publicity to the fact of the Con- but agree to her immediate arrest. contempt—of violent democrats, or denunciatory re- ference being about to be held, but no invitation to It is much to be regretted that, with only the ex publicans, who endanger public freedom and the cause attend its proceedings reached this journal. As this parte ,statements at present before the public, persons of popular government by their excesses—while we discourtesy was not put upon some of our contempo- should be so rash, so forgetful of the dictates of common affect silence, if not approbation, with regard to a bod y raries, who have laboured less than ourselves in the justice and fair play, usually considered tho especial of men who arrogate to themselves the virtue of sobriety same cause, we presumed that, with respect to us, the characteristics of the English people, as to prejudge a and good will to the populace, and all along display the omission was intentional. On the other part of the case in which tho character, reputation, and honour ol very intoxication of imputation and uncharitublejie.ss, constitution of the Conference we do not now enter. Mr. their fellow men arc involved. and demoralise in new respects the manners of those Vansittart Neale's letter, which we give bolow—so I am, Dear Sir, yours truly, whom thev aflect to save. much moro explanatory and courteous in tone—will bo Anotiieb Om> SunscitiiiER- We claim to he considered tho truo friends of this read with satisfaction hy the friends of universal co- said Temperance cause, to write for its reformation, operation,—En. I O N O O N and to save it from the dangers to which it exposes ME PR VI CE F T LERATIO itself; and we believe that many of its intelligent nap- (To the. Editor of the Leader.) LETTER FROM MR. E. VANSITTART NEALE porters will agree that t here is some truth in our repre- yon exer- ('i'o the. Editor qfthe Leader.) Sib,—I am often surprised at the forbearance sentations, anel some cause for our remonstrances. The cise towards your enemies. I admire your toleration present writer has the pleasure of knowing August 11, 18(52. many active, of those who, however much they abuse you, recognise eminent, and liberal friends of this cause, who deplore, Dear Sir,—In your paper of the 7th instant there your right to the opinions you may hold ; but towards with him, the exaggerations nnd extravagances which are sonic observations relating to tho late Co-operative those who sacrifico all individual liberty of thought < <> deface it. Conference which impute to it a " sectarian and exclu- an idea of conformity, I think toleration is at once We will pursue this subject further, and devote a few sive eharacfer, damaging to the interests it, advocated." dangerous and wrong in principle. paragraphs also to the Anti-Slavery advocaey (a most I presume that these observations take tbeir rise in the freedom noble cause), whie-h is open to the same object ions ane the circumstance of f.be greater number of associations With those who admit private judgment, , l Hut the which, in the name of a very noisy Immunity, contrives, represented af t hat Conference, and of the persons who of speech or propagandism ia mutual liberty. and anathe- year hy year, to r ivet, the fetters of the poor negro took part in if , happening to be connected with the case is far different with those who ignore inflyeoi"<,, 'r faster than before. Ion . bod y known as Christian Socialists. You must, how- matize all opinions but those which priests " my <¦»»'' ever, allow mo to state, from personal knowledge, hat, orthodox ; I hold, then, that he who ignores t respected- this circumstance arose, not from the want of invita- science has no right, to expect bin own to be - short Wiiitk and lliiACic Si.AVioH. — I have no doubt there tions having been sent to other bodies of an associative I have been led to these remarks by yoiu u are many shrowel people in your country who say, and diameter, nor from any attempt made to exclude per- paragraph of last week , on " M utual Toleration ; »" man y shallow people in both countries who echo the sons not connected'With the Christian Socialist s, but whatever version you may put upon " free thong" > that there is very little substantial difference " I consider inyHoH Haying, simply because f ew comparativel y of those invited to free speech, free development for all, ( between the condition of the Knglish labourer and that, send delegates chose to do so, and these were princi- a consistent, advocate of free thought when 1 deny tna of the American slave'. There is, however, even in pally the associations more especiall another the right to usurp my liberty. 1 think y connected with ,11(> 1 < our poorest, districts and in the worst of times, all the the Society for Promoting Working Men's Associations. libert y does not consist in such proceeding, .a»y 011 ^ difference that exists between humanity and barbarism ; Invitations were sent, to every co-operative body of than true honesty consists in giving to yonr neigh'' between the dignilicd Hollering of a man oppressed by which the address was known to tliose who convened goods to which he lias no claim. 1 untoward circumstances, and tho abject wretchedness the meeting ; anel if on this first, occasion the great er I know not but this position may be false or Ji»» ' l»» of another driven about like a beast--hi short between number of the associations which answered the invita- doxicid, but, I feel that some distinction ought to o manhood and hrutehood. — Fra ier 's Magazine.— tion happened to be acquainted with the invito™, this drawn between the admitters and deniors of p«va August. ia a circumstance to be expected at the commencement judgment.—Yours, truly, EabneSX. of Natural and Revealed Religion. We will glance at their purport as Xmxntutt. briefly as we may. On Democracy, Mr. James, though an American, (or, perhaps, because an American, and therefore capable of looking through the actual limi- n i >¦» are not the legislators, but the judges and police of literature. They do not makdlaws—they interpret and try to enforce them.—Edinburgh.Review. tations and imperfections of political democracy,) speaks with a wise appreciation of its purely negative, limited, and transitory, though neces- sary character. Instead of accepting poli- that Macaul-ay has it, as the mass of democratic It will be pleasant news to our readers to hear ticians accept it, in the light of a final organization, he sees what we have finished two more volumes of his History, which may be expected early so often expressed, that Liberty for Liberty's sake is anarchy, disease, also be lad to hear that next season. A more restricted circle will g dissolution ; he sees that Democracy has only strength as a protest ih the Gervinus is busy with a new work, the History of the South American name of the Many against the government of the Few, a protest against Monarch and Aristocracy Republics. y ; he sees that it is necessary as a revolutionary phasis, but incompetent as a constructive doctrine. " Democracy is not last Revue des Deux Mondes there is an article on the French so much a new form of political life as a dissolution or disorganization of In the the old forms. It is simply a resolution of government into the hands of be by the Prince de Joinville, assuredly not by M. de Fleet, said to the people, a taking down of that which has before existed, and a re-com- it there is a continuation of St. Marc Mars (who signs it) j and following mitment of it to its original sources, but is by no means the substitution Girardin's acute and agreeable study of Rousseau—this paper being of anything else in its place." In a word, he sees that the final solution devoted to the rhetorical sophism of Equality. St. Marc Girardin does of the social problem cannot possibly be apolitical one. not see where the fundamental error lies. He does not see that the It must not be inferred tha,t he is insensible to the great part played by declamations about equality are founded on a profound misconception of democracy, but human nature, which misconception leads to the belief that governments " The positive or constructive results, then, which I anticipate from Democracy, institutions can do everything, that the source of all evil lies there. are of a moral or social character, rather than political. The benefits which it and will lie not in the increased external splendour of a nation, but of conditions is nonsense ; equality of rights is all that can be de- heralds for humanity, Equality in the increase of just, amicable, and humane relations amongst all its members. a cry of inegalite des conditions ? manded. Why do not the flowers get up In short, I look upon Democracy as heralding the moral perfection of man, as Nature who never repeats herself, who never makes two leaves precisely inaugurating the existence of perfectly j ust relations between man and man, and as alike, does not make two men precisely alike ; and she having made them consequently preparing the way for the reign of infinite love. unequal, Philosophy, in the presumption of its rationalistic conception, " This hope or confidence in Democracy is justified , you will perceive, by the fancies there is a way to rectify this inequality ! But it is written, you may fundamental meaning of the word. For Democracy means nothing more than the Nature with a fork, and she reappears the next minute—you may self-government of the people. Now, a capacity of self-government supposes in its expel herefore implicitly but the next minute Nature's decree subject a wisdom proportioned to his needs, and Democracy, t , decree the absolute equality of men, attributes such wisdom to humanity. It supposes that men are capable of so adjust- will abrogate it! ing their relations to each other, as that they will need no police or external force to Men want freedom , not equality. They want their own individuality control them, but will spontaneously do the right thing in all places and at all times. respected, and not that individuality merged in the uniformity of the race. Thus Democracy really does contemplate a time when all coercion and restraint All they really ask for is that Brown, Jones, and Robinson, should have shall be disused in the conduct of human affairs, aud when, consequently, every man no prescriptive right to fill offices for which Nature has not fitted them ; will freely do unto others as he would have others do unto him." ineffaceable privileges And further on :— should not, in a word, have privileges^ beyond those of superior organization. So far from there being a passion for equality " I am entirely persuaded that nothing but the persistent and ever enlarging among men, it is patent to every unbiassed mind that there is a passion for operation of the Democratic principle, or what is the same thing, the destructive , to inequality—an instinct towards decisive individualism. legislation now in progress, is requisite to inaugurate the divine life on earth hetic period to which all history from the beginning Proudhon's last work, La Revolu- bring about that great prop These questions will be revived by has tended, that everlasting Sabbath or rest which is to close in and glorify thc tion Sociale Demontree par le Coup d'Etat, which Louis Napoleon has brief but toilsome week of man's past experience. I bave not the least hope in any permitted to appear though his ministers forbade it. In a few days we constructive legislation towards this end. He who is familiar with the exquisite shall have the work; and our readers may rely on being informed thereon. symbolism of the old Hebrew faith, knows with what formal sedulity every parti- The mention of this redoubtable athlete of Socialism reminds us that a cular of the divine worship was prescribed, and how jealously every addition of re-issue of Fourier's work on The Passions of the Human Soul, trans- human wisdom was barred and punished. This is but a type of the independence iven life bears to all legislation, to all outward prescription. It lated by Mr. Moebll, is about to appear in monthly parts, sixpence each. our true and God-g is a life which descends from God out of heaven, the heaven of man's inward spirit. All its laws are summed up in the real presence of God in every individual soul. Lamartine's sixth volume of the Histoire de la Restauration, though And as in Solomon's Temple, ' every stone wm um he* caugh t foiielymg n irionda. Wo do so now with Henry JameH's Lectures and Miscellanies, rich man, and that 1 could nay things on the baseness of such conduct whie-h * a small volume of sterling worth, expressing with eloquent sincerity woulel really stir your blood. Hut all this is dramatic. I inn iie- ting a part, the thoughfH which will set other minds thinking. "When it is said that this part assigned me by public- opinion. For in private, I feel an instinctive rcspeet writer is original , thc originality thereby indicated must- not be confounded for property. It does in some mysterious but infallible' way embalm the possessor, with entire novelty, lie has thought thcHC thoughts lor himself, not ho that while my theory bids me defy him, 1 never come into bis presence but with merel y repeated thorn irom others : higher praise one rarelyJ has to 'bated breath, and differ from hiin with painfu l reluctance. The treachery is give. universal. 1 have heard sermons on this subject which left no doubt on my mind Tho Lectures aro on Democracy und its issues, Property as u Symbol , that tho preacher bad completely conquered his natural weakness : but no, you have Universality in Art, tho Old and Now Theology, and the Scientific Accord only to observe his daily intercourse with his flock to discover that it was tho most o that gift , or make it s transparent talk only, and that the beautiful manners he described belonged to an one attempts to eke ut more re plendent by the contrast of r moral infirmity." entirely different world from this." another's natural o rather hints at than proclaims Property makes man a conqueror, a sovereign. The socialism he , is of a religious cha- would demand more space than we can afford Now Property as an institution of human society expresses or grows out of this racter, which to get forth " let us rather glance at the way lie disposes of instinct of sovereignty in man. While the instinct is as yet misunderstood or un- intelligibly ; the " envy" recognised by the individual, while its full issues are as yet unimagined by him, argument. society lends all her force to educate it under this form of an aspiration after pro- " The source of envy is always arbitrary privilege. It is always inflamed W perty, or a desire to appropriate to oneself land, houses, money, precious stones, and some purely conventional superiority allowed one person over others. You never whatsoever else evidences one's power over nature. From the beginning of history, envy the power or genius of another ; you envy him some special outward advan- society has known no other function than this, the conservation of the right of tage or privilege he enjoys. private property against the encroachments of merely natural might. Society is the bulwark which human instinct erects against the forces of outward nature. It " In a true society or fellowship among men, then, envy would be impossible, is the weapon by which man subdues nature to himself, to the service of his proper because no arbitrary distinctions, no such thing as exclusive privilege, in which infinitude. Look at the moral law for example which lies at the basis of society, alone envy has its source, would exist. > ; Why would not these things exist ? Be- and you immediately perceive that its operation is to impose limits upon natural cause a true society, a society scientificall y organized, would confer no unequal desire, or forbid it invading the bounds of neighbouring property. It says to every property, no exclusive privilege upon its subjects. That is te say, a true society- man thou shalt not take, nor even desire or covet, anything that is thy neighbour's. would guarantee to every man, woman, and child, for the whole term of his natural Thus the moral law is nothing more nor less than an affirmation of the sacredness life, food, clothing, shelter, and the opport unities of an education adapted to bis of private property. It virtually asserts an individuality in man superior to that tastes ; leaving all the distinction, he might achieve to hiniselfj to his own genius conferred by his nature. Hence, as I said before, the sole function of society from freely influencing the homage of his fellow men. Where society observed this the beginning has been to guard the interests of property, or elevate human life wisdom, all envy would at once disappear. Its provender would be cut off. He. above the condition of a mere natural community, a mere community of natural move the incitements it now finds in privilege, in arbitrary advantage, and you interests. would no more see one man envious of another than you now see the nose envious " Let my meaning be clearly understood. I say that the entire aim and business of the ear, or the hand envious of the brain. In short let genius become the of society hitherto has been to guard the interests of property, or to discriminate hierarchical principle, and constitute the sole measure of one's social distinction ; sharply between might and right. And I further say that the reason why society and society would instantly become orderly. For genius (by which term all along makes this discrimination, the reason why it has so jealously espoused the interests you observe I mean nothing technical in man, but simply his power of ideal action, of private property, is, that property has always symbolized man's destined sover- his faculty of acting without reference either to passion or appetite, and solely with eignty over nature, of which sovereignty society or fellowship among men is the reference to the infinite beauty, the infinite goodness and truth, which animates his indispensable means or instrument. You all know that either of you individually soul) constitutes the real presence of God in man, and all men therefore acknow- would be totally incompetent to the subjugation of nature; that all your present ledge it with a spontaneous devotion." the raiment you put on, the house you enjoyment of its bounties, the food you eat, We will conclude with one more passage :— live in, the streets and roads you traverse, the tools you use, the books you read, the le in case of a words you employ for the expression of your feelings and thoughts, are all the out- " A great dread besets the European mind, lest the peop , succesful authority, should ldnge into the maddest disorder, and sweep growth of an organized fellowship or society among men. You will easily under- insurrection against p stand me therefore when I say that man's destined sovereignty over nature can from the earth at one blow all the trophies and memorials of our past civilization. never come about except by society, that society or fellowship among men is its I cannot but believe that this fear vitally wrongs the popular instincts. There is indispensable means, or instrument. doubtless a scum and froth of society attaching to both extremes, rich and poor " Property then symbolizes this destined sovereignty. But here you may ask, alike, which is prone to every excess ; but this would instantly disappear the ' why symbolizes it ? Why may not Property be a final fact itself, symbolizing moment t hat the true substantial manhood of both sides should be allowed tb flow nothing ? You yourself showed a little while ago how universally men respected together in loving fraternity, by the destruction of the puny prejudices which now it: Why, therefore, should it not end in itself, having no ulterior significance ?' divide them. This scum, this froth, grows on either side out of this unhappy divi- " The answer is plain. Men are ashamed of the respect they pay it. Property sion. It attests the attrition of two forces which are essentially one and should cannot be a final fact of history, cannot be a good in itself, cannot be a divine end know therefore no divided interests. It strikes me consequently that in any deci- in humanity, because every man, in proportion to his inward culture, in proportion sive uprising of the people, both sides alike' would instantly unite to rid themselves to his genius, is ashamed of the deference he pays it. He feels this deference to of this factitious and disorderly element. The European revolution of 1848 indeed be a mere trick of his servile and scullion nature, and inwardly or individually fully justified this prevision. The thief, or the destructionist of whatever sort, renounces it every time it recurs. The fact is that it is only among the lowest when refractory to counsel, was instantly shot down to show that the will of the persons intellectually, persons in whom the sensuous imagination predominates, people when freely expressed is the will of God, and tolerates no lower righteous- that you find any open profession of respect for it left. Among slaves, in fact ness. among negroes as a class, and among the retainers of great families, in short among " But it seems to ine that there can be no just apprehension of disorder in regard all persons in whom self-respect has never been developed or fostered, it still exerts to tbe great mass of mankind, whether rich or poor. Property is universally felt an unrebuked dominion. But t.bcu-o it otops. iNo man of refinement allows it any to be a prime monument and measure of man's essential divinity, marking the Indulgence. extent of his conquest of nature. It is so much clear gain for mankind, so much " But there is another reason why private property cannot be considered a final actual advance upon primeval chaos and night. It is indeed very unscientifically fact of humanity. And this is that in proportion to its magnitude, it teuds to distributed as yet, distributed in such a manner as to provoke incessant vice and belittle the possessor by overlaying his true sovereignty, his true humanitary crime : but this is because the symbol still absorbs the regard which is due only to attributes. the substance. Man's true proprium or property is his selfhood , is God within him, " A man of very large possessions, unless he has come into them by inheritance, is in other words, the inseparable fountain of his life. His natural proprium or almost wholly absorbed by them. Instead of being rendered free and careless, his apparent selfhood is simply a basis for the due manifestation of this essential one. life is a perpetual servitude. His whole energy becomes demanded by the care Hence when human fellowship or society is perfect, our natural or external prop rium of his property, while he himself gradually lapses from unqualified manhood into will be commensurate with our inward or divine one ; that is to say, the whole the mere man of money. I believe from information that one of the richest men earth with all the resources of society will be the equal heritage of every man. Now in town superintends the daily progress of his children in educa tion, and reads property as a symbol or type is bound of course to obey the law of its antitype : is Homer with his boys in the original. But he inherited his property. He who made bound, that is, to become more and more equally distributed amongst the grout if hud notoriously little time for Homer, or any other elegant accomplishment. Now mass of society. Hut clearly this is to be done only by the legislative application clearly no one can suppose that to be a final good, or a good in itself, which the of scienti fic principles, and not by tho brutal dissipation of thc thing distributed." more; it is possessed becomes a burden to the possessor, and the more it is prized We must reserve for a future article his Lectures on tho Old and New becomes a detrrudation to him. Theology . " As a general thing therefore we may say, the larger thc possessions the smaller the man. The more luggage a man has with him, the greater we may conclude is ARE THE STAKS INHABITED ? his distance from home. Hence .J esus of Nazareth, who alone in history has Flectricity and the Electric Telegraph ; to which is added, Tho Chemistry of tho affirmed the, essential divinity of man, not us a dogma but as a practical truth Stars. By Dr. George AVilson. (Th ° Traveller' s Library.) Longman and Uo. pregnant, with incalculable consequences to the kingdoms of this world, staggered If tho wisest of ancient philosophers could but take up this little volume, t he fairest pretenders hy his searching criticism. On one occasion, we find a young and understand its two essays (an Jf as immense in regard to intellectual man adorned with every moral excellency fitted to attract tho lovo of Jesus, pre- distance as to distance in time), he would marvel indeed at tho develop- senting himself before him with a view to ascertain how he should achieve ever- ment of science in this " our wondrous mother age," and would recognise lasting life. Jesus told him to sell all that he had , or to abandon ali bis possessions, tho truth contained in the noble lines— and follow him. But the youth drew back sorrowful, because his possessions were very great. Whereupon the Christ uttered bis famous reflection upon the diffi- " For I doubt not through the ages one increasing purpose runs, culty those who wen; rich must encounter in entering the divine kingdom. And the thoughts of men are widened by the process of the suns." " Clearly thoy who stop in the hitter hero will be grievously mistaken. Tbey Tho .Electric 'Telegrap h, tho wonder of applied Hcience, and the Che- who see no riches more dangerous than money, have yet to learn the alphabet of mistry of the Stars, one of the wonders of tho inquisitorial intellect Christianity. It is not our pecuniary possessions but our moral ones chiefly, that piercing into the dim remotenesses of space ! Hut our present object, is play tho traitor to our manhood. When I stand remarkabl y well with my fellows not to picture the elevated eyebrows of ancient philosophy. We wish to for piety and good morals, it is extremely hard for me to believe that tho divine call attention to two nopulur and interesting CH.sti.ys, and more especially life will not pay a greater deference to me than to one who is completely destitute to that ono which undertakes to answer the question of thc universality ol of such standing. But it is a great mistake, a mistake fatal to true manhood. organic life. Dr. Georgo Wilson is an eloquent and thoughtful writer, Doubtless I deserve greatly better at tho hands of society, of societ y us at present and his essay on the Electric Telegraph, which created a sensation on its constituted, than my antagonist, because I support all her institutions. And iirst appeara nce in the Edinburgh Review, will bo perhaps more generally society mutually gives me my deserts, pronounces me an eminently good man. But appreciated than his essay on tho Chemistry of. the Sta rs (somewhat if I thereupon suppose that this moral wealth of mine, extremely valuable, as it loosely named), which we now propose to not ice. may be for the maintenance of an imperfect social condition, is going to further It is difficult for man to relinquish the old notion of the universe being my upward success, is going to tf ivo me any God-ward advantage over thieves and made subordinate to him, and made wholly for him. When science harlotH , I simply mistake a fundamental feature of the divino perfection, which is to know little more of the stars than that they were the gaslights as well as be thankful for nothing. Tho Deity gives us all tilings in giving Himself to ua, in tho " poetry of heaven," this notion of supremacy obtained ready cre- giving us u selfhood, and hence Ho takes it as a doubtful compliment when any dence. When science brought its telescopic revelations to show that these specs of light were masses immeasurably greater than our own shiver in the dark, and be frozen to death if removed to Uranus, where the sun is globe, that notion received a shock ; it recovered itsel f, however, and sug- three hundred times colder than he is felt to be by us. To pass from Uranus to gested that probably these astral worlds were also inhabited—were the Mercury, would be to undergo in the latter exposure to a temperature some two , whilst on this earth splendid theatres for the drama of human life. Against this suggestion thousand times higher than we had experienced in the former Science emphatically pronounces. We do not know much of the consti- the range of existence lies within some two hundred degrees of the Fahrenheit tution of the stars, Wt we know of certain conditions which altogether thermometer. disprove the notion of the stars being proper theatres for organic life, " As for our satellite, Sir John Herschel says of it, * The climate of the moon understanding by the term " organic life, anything analogous to what must be very extraordinary : the alternation being that of unmitigated and burning we know oi it. Dr. George Wilson 's Essay undertakes to prove this. sunshine, fiercer than an equatorial noon, continued for a , whole fortnight, and the He takes an imaginary jury of common-sense men, bids them observe the keenest severity of frost , far exceeding that of- our polar winters, for an equal differences, and draw their conclusions :— time.' It would seem, then, that though all else were equal, the variations in amount of light and heat,' would alone necessitate the manifestation of a non-ter- . twelve shall first cast a glance at our own solar system, and observe that " Our restrial life upon the sun, and the^heres which accompany the earth in its revo- of its planets has the same magnitude, inclination of axis, so far as that has no one lutions around it. All else, however, is not equal. The intensity of gravity at the observed, density, time of rotation, or arrangement of orbit ; but that each, been surfaces of the different heavenly bodies differs enormously. At the sun it is neirly nearly all these particulars, differs greatly from its brethren. They shall notice in twenty-eight times greater than at the earth. ' The efficacy of muscular power to several of the planets have no moons : that our Earth has one relatively very that overcome weight is therefore proportionably nearly twenty-eight times less on the one : Jupiter, four relatively small ones : Saturn, seven of greatly varying large sun than on the earth. An ordinary man, for example, would not only be unable dimensions : Uranus, as is believed, six ; and Neptune, two or more. They shall to sustain his own weight on the sun, but would literally be crushed to atoms the splendid girdles which Saturn wears, and be warned that twp at least of the see under the load.' 'Again, the intensity of gravity, or its efficacy in counteracting moons of Uranus move from east to west, or in a direction opposite to that of their muscular power, and repressing animal activity on Jupiter, is nearly two and a half , and of all tbe other bodies of the solar system. planet times that on the earth, on Mars is not more than one-half, on the moon one-sixth, «The enormous differences in the length of the planetary years shall startle and on the smaller planets probably not more than one-twentieth ; giving a scale ; that of Mercury, for example, being equal to about three of our months ; them of which the extremes are in the proportion of sixty to one.' " that of Neptune, to 164 of our years. The lesser, but marked diversities in the length of their days shall awaken notice, the Mercurial day being, like our own, We have only further to add, that these Essays form the twenty-sixth twenty-four hours long, the Saturnine only ten. The variations in the amount of Part of Messrs. Longman's admirable and healthy series, the Traveller' s heat and light received from the Sun by each of its attendants shall not be forgot- Library. ten ; Uranus, for example, obtaining two thousand times less than Mercury, which JEKDAN'S receives seven times more than the Earth. They shall also observe the extent to AUTOBIOGRAPHY. and Social Reminis- which the planets are subject to changes of season ; the Earth knowing its four The Autobiography of W. lerdan. With Literary, Politica l, cences and Correspondence during the last Fifty Years. Vol. II. grateful vicissitudes ; Jupiter knowing none ; whilst the winter in Saturn under Arthur Hall, Virtue, and Co. the shadow of his rings is fifteen years long. All those: unresembling particulars It may be remembered that we were forced to speak with some severity shall be made manifest to our observant twelve. Neither shall they be forgetful of Mr. Jordan's former volume ; to be able to speak favourably of this, of those dissimilarities in relation to atmosphere, and perhaps to physical constitu- the second volume of his autobiography, would have given us unfeigned tion, which astronomers have detected. When so much diversity has been seen to leasure. We cannot do so. The slipshod garrulity, and utter worthless- shine through the unity of the solar system, our twelve shall gaze forth into space, p ness of this volume, surpass the mischievous twaddle of the first. He has to see if all be sameness there. Sameness ! They shall discern stars of the first to tell of ; and what he tells is told in a style magnitude, stars of the second magnitude, of the third, of the fourth, of the se- really nothing any interest that could on2 of serious matter. An venth, down to points so small, even to the greatest telescopes, that the soberest of y make way by the momentum accomplished writer would doubtless have iven the slight materials here philosophers can devise no better name for them than star-dust ; and one of them g presented a form so agreeable as to lure the pleased reader unfatigued to declares ' that for anything experience has hitherto taught us, the number of the the end. But Mr. Jerdan is not an accomplished writer ; he is no writer stars may be really infinite, in the only sense in which we can assign a meaning to at all. The texture of hia sty le is as loose, common-place, and inaccurate, the word/ They shall find that the Dog-star is a sun, whose light has an intrinsic He does not write with the plain energetic splendour sixty-three times greater than that of our own solar orb, and that he is as the thoughts they erxaswa. . say, are careless of the man- not counted chief of the stars. They shall search in vain through the abysses for directness of men who, Bering something to it ; n«r wifcb the vividness, precision, delicacy, and grace of a system similar to our own, nnd find none, but perceive instead, multitudes of ner of saying , conscious of the charm that lies in the form. He double-stars or twin suns, revolving round each other. They shall learn that there the cultivated stylist writes like a penny-a-liner, and a bad one. Open at random : sentences are triple systems of suns, and that there may be more complex ones j and try to like these " :— conceive how unlike our planetary arrangements must be tho economy of the worlds " jump into your eyes to which these luminaries furnish light. They shall gaze at purple and orange " He supposed that the Admiraltyorders against making public the particulars jqms, at blue and jgreenand yellow and red ones ; and becomeaware of double of a Government expedition,were violated by some officer who was in duty bound sys.t<*.us where the one twin appears to be a self-luminous sun, and the. other a by them ; and his resentment was warm. Ho suspected one individual, and pointed dark sphere of corresponding magnitude, like a sun gone out, as if modern science his ire against him and his claims, which merged in a widow and children, for he would assign an exact meaning to Origen's reference to * stars, which ray down fell a victim to the climate." darkness.'" The dance of pronouns here would drive Dr. Dillworth to distraction . A ,And their verdict is this :— f ewpages on we meet another specimen :— " ' There are celestial bodies, and bodies terre strial : but the glory of the celes- "At Little Chelsea, however, at my first occupancy, my proximate neighbour tial it one, and the glory of the terrestria l is another. There is one glory of the was the exiled Princess of Conde, with whom the Duchess d'Angouleme frequently sun, amd another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars : star differeth stayed. The establishment was upon a very moderate scale, and the daughter of *rom .star in glory. ' To which verdict, we, for our part, understanding the words the murdered king of France dressed little better than a milkmaid, which rank in their whJest sense, will append our heartiest Amen. indeed she much resembled in her form, and tvalkiny about in thick-soled boots." " The * fubwss of Him that filleth all in all' is of its essence inexhaustible, as we Occasionally, Mr. Jordan flavours his common-place with an infusion perhaps best realize when all metaphor is set aside, and we reflect on the one of tho Classics. He quotes Horace (but only the well-worn passages), quality that 'belong* to God's attributes : namely, that they aro Infinite. It is and even ventures on a Latin adaptation of his own ,—e.g., " Henry part of his kindness to us, that he never lets us lose sight of this great prerogative Erskine and Lady Wallace, and all the racy jests of their gay pastime ¦of tils nature, but, alike by suns and by atoms, teaches us that his power and his aro as if they had never been , sic transit facetiiai mundi / " Ho might as wisdom havo no bounds. well have said transeunt while he was about it; but the fastidious exi- " It ciAnnot bo that he reveals himself otherwise in thc oceans of space. Wero gencies of grammar seldom trouble him ! we privileged to set sail among the shining archipelagws and starry islands that The reader will not supposo wo have quoted these passages for the fill these seas, we should search like marvelling but adoring children for wonder purpose of making merry with them ; they are quoted as the writing of npon wonder, and feel a cold chill of utter disappointment if the widest diversity one who writes diatribes against the profession of Literature, and who *lid not everywhere prevail. Tho sense of Unity is an over-ruling power which ?rea ches from the text of his owr n experience. Ho defends hiuiHclf in a never lays aside the sceptre, and will not be disobeyed. Wc should not fear that it 'refatory Chapter, and with garrulous incoherence throughout, the would fade away, nay, we know that it would stand forth mightiest when its king- volume, from the charge which we, and others, brought against him, of dom seemed to have sunk under overwhelming diversity. Unity is in nature often having insulted Literature, by making it responsible for his misfortunes ; nearest us exactly when variety seems to havo put it furthest away. We are like but his defence is as feeble as his allegations wero misplaced. Our posi- the sailors of Magellan who first rounded tho globe. Every day thoy sailed tion in tho dispute is simply this ;—Literature may or may not be " less further as they reckoned from tho place of their departure, and ploughed what profitable than f elony," and altogether in a pitiable condition ; but you, seemed to them a straight line of increasing length, which had all to lie retraced William J ordan, have not the right to say so in respect of your personal before tbeir first harbour could bo gained : but, lichohl, when they had nailed fortunes; it gavo you money, it gave you frie nds, it gavo you considera- longest , and seemed furthest from home, they had tho least to sail over, and wero tion far exceeding your literary merits ; and your complaint as a personal nearest to ]>ort. ICxiu'.tly when hope of return wuh faintest wore they called on to complaint is preposterous and insulting. exclaim , like the Ancient Mariner,— Let us turn from this unpleasant subject, and beg Mr. Jordan, in " ' Oh dream of joy ! is thin indeed future volumes, to think a little more of tiie substance of his chapters, to The lighthouse top I see P givo ns moro matter of personal interest, more " gossi p" even , so that i f Is this tho hill ? is this tho kirk ? bo amusing, and no more writings. Is this my own countreo i" extracts from his own forgotten The present volume everyone must feel to he excessively meagre and " A voyago through space wpuld in like manner turn out to bo a circumnaviga- " made up." To find a passage worth extracting is not easy, so we fall tion. Wo should set sail from Unity, and traverse the great circle of a universe's back upon anecdotes, not of tho newest, though worth re-reading. variety till wo came round to Unity again. The words on our lips as wo dropt anchor would be, ' There are differences of administrations, but the same Lord, and TAT.MA AND K EEI-HT. " Talma laygoers were rtngry at bis there are diversified of o]>erationB, but it is the name Ood which worketh all in uH.'» , soon after his return to Paris, where the p long absence, performed Coriolanus at the Tltfiitro I'Viuiyais ; anel when he came We cannot follow Hn Wilson through the series of illustrations of his to the line essay , but content ourselves with tho following :— Adieu, Rome; ; jo purs— " We should be blinded with tho glare and burnt up if transported into Mer- a sharp voico called out from the parterre, cury, where the sun acts as if seven times hotter than on this earth ; and we should I'our lew elrf piirlomcnts— which set the house in a roar (as much as a French audience can be made to laugh), and reconciled the opposition. %mtfoliu "I am told, by the by, that in America there is almost, at least in some parts of the Union, a similar fastidiousness and aversion to the outward and visible sign of entertained. It is told of one of our most comic actors, on his Ameri- We should do our utmost to encourage the Beautiful , for the Useful enconrt,^ being much itself.—Goethe. ^"ge can tour, that he considered it the highest compliment paid to him in the country, when, one night after his performance, a representative of this class addressed him with, ' Well, stranger, I guess you had almost made jne laugh at some of your nonsense.' " PAEB , AND MACINTOSH. " About the time of the trial of O'Quigley, who was hanged at Maidstone, for PRELUDE. treason, in 1798, some articles appeared in the Morning Chronicle, apparently Bordeaux, September 27, 1851. reflecting on Fox. Dr. Parr read .them , and was much displeased. He attributed ff^^@EAR Fkiends of my thoughts, them to Macintosh they contained some literary cri- (not then Sir James) because You will see h the date how far I have come ticism or remark which Parr thought he had communicated to Macintosh exclu- |Rj K y in my sacred spot; and I have to tell sively ; in point of fact, he was wrong, as it turned out in the sequel that Macintosh MiF^ P^grimage away from the you for had nothing to do with them ; but while in the state of wrath which his belief that c^sks£© your solace that I am as well in hody as I am in mind and heart. Macintosh was the author occasioned, he (Dr. Parr) and Macintosh dined together If you are hurt, seek the winds and the waters, seek humanity in the change- at the table of Sir William Milner, in Manchester-street, Manchester-square. In ful countenance of many climes—seek vicissitude, and note how, through the course of conversation, after dinner, Macintosh observed, that ' O'Quigley was many discords, the hand of the Divine Master modulates the great theme ' ' - Dr. Parr bad been watching one of the greatest villains that ever teas hanged. of the world, ever resolving it into new harmonies. If the sufferer can rise for an opening, and immediatel said, ' No, Jemmy ! bad as he wras, he might have y like the crane, and call into his view been a great deal worse. He was an Irishman ; he might have been a Scotchman ! above the level of his own home, the He was a priest ; he might have been a lawyer ! He stuck to his principles— ever-varying surface of the sea of fortune, he shall see that the law under (giving a violent rap on the table)—he might have betrayed them !' which he has heen cast down is hut the same law which raises all into life, " The made up addition to this philippic, living only ' on the lip,' has converted which sustains the universe. Life and love never die ; and exiled for a the third branch into, * He was a turncoat ; he might have been a traitor !' Or, time from happiness, we may at least go forth and witness what we cannot ' He was a traitor : he might have been an apostate.' " share, or share only through witnessing. There is no unredeemed misery save the loss of the capacity to love—the sinking .beneath into meanness BOOKS ON OUB TABLE and unfaith ; for love can survive bereavement, but it cannot survive the Piography of Dr. Sheridan Muspratt, F.R.S.E. By a London Barrister-a.t-Law. loss of generosity. I am stronger in heart than .when I left Val Perduta. And a third edition of the Infhtence of Chemistry on the Animal, Vegetable, and I have had no letters from America, and do not expect to find any until Mineral Kingdom. By Dr. Sheridan Muspratt. Churchill. I get to Paris ; but I am sure that Julie cannot reach London before April, Has Dr. Sheridan Muspratt no friends, or have they no influence over him, that and if she follow my counsel, I shall not see her before May : as she has such a publication as this can have been suffered ? It will more seriousl damage y remained so long, she had better wait for the spring weather. him in the estimation of all, withont his circle, who may chance to read it, than Geneva—my letters the discovery of a dozen sulphites would elevate him. Could he but be aware of When I wrote to you from Lugano, and also from the impression, it produces he would instantly suppress the book. Men of the have been as irregular as my path or as my thoughts—I forgot to explain " titanic energy" here claimed can do without such trumpet blowing. that which you, Giorgio, have received long before this one, from the worth Baldassare Gini. I dare say he may have told you enough to History of the Christian Church in the Second and Third Centuries. By James Ami- y raux Jeremie, M.D. J. J. Griffin and Co. forestall my story, but he will not have told you what I saw, at all events The Free Church of Christendom and its Subjugation under Constantine. By Basil not. as I saw it. You see how soon I encountered adventure on my way A. Cooper. A. Cockshaw. from Val Perduta. I had been sleeping near the river, just as it escaped Ncander' s General History of the Christian Religion and Church. Translated by I. from a ravine, beyond which I could discern a pretty lake-like expansion— Tony. Vol. 7. (Holm' s Standard Library.) H. Gr. Bohn. for the days were still hot, and I know not what awoke me. Certainly These three volumes of ecclesiastical history, each of which would require very not the sting as certainl the persons I saw, for long articles to treat fittingly, wr e group together, that in a sentence we may direct ing hum of insects ; nor, y, irl come down to the attention of such readers as are specially interested in the subjects. Dr. Jere - they made no noise. Just as I awoke I saw a young g mie's volume on Church History is a reprint from the Encyclopaedia Metropoli- the edge of the water, at a place where the bank dipped near to the surface, lana , the various treatises in which are now in course of separate publication. It and a small coppice of underwood filled the hollow. She did not see me, presents, in a compact form, a distinct orthodox survey of the diffusion of Chris- although her face was towards me ; no one would have looked just where tianity and the history of the Church and its heresies during the first three centu- I had found shelter from the sun, under the rock and the shade of an old ries. An index is added. The volume of Mr. Basil Cooper on the Free Church , vine, the relic of cultivation when the whole country was richer than it is but is written with another of Ancient Christendom, embraces the same period, water, which I having an to modern nonconformity. It is graphic and erudite. But now. Her look made me notice something floating on the purpose, eye d we have to complain of a serious omission—there is no index ! The third volume discerned to be the black head of a man, whose bright shoulders glistene is Neander's exhaustive Church History, the seventh volume embracing the period in the sun and the glancing water as he swam rapidly towards the place from Gregory VII. to Boniface VIII., i.e. from the year 1073 to 1294 ; a work where she stood. She was already leaning forward, and she leaned more we have so often characterized that nothing remains to be said. and more, until he rose from the stream, brilliant and agile, like a receive him. The Ph ysician' s Holiday; or, a Month in Switzerland in the Summer o/' 1848. By noonday Leander, into some cloak which she had brought to Je.lu'i Forbes, M.D. " Third Edition. "W. S. Orr and Co. She fell into his arms, and then, after a few kisses, so passionate that I Vki.v apropos i.s this pleasant and useful book. Now men are throwing off thc loved the two for being so happy, she turned for him to lead her from accumulated ennui nnd paleness of a London season ; now they pack up for a breath the water. of fresh air and a gulp of health; and now Dr. Forbes's account of his walking I have kept for you two the drawing which I made from recollection ot tour in Switzerland will say to many, " Go thou and walk likewise." It is an that strange and beautiful group only that I was not near enough to do agreea ble book to rea d—a valuable book as a prescription to invalids. The minute ; justice to it. The youth, who was nearest to me, was holding one hand of practical information it contains will make it as indispensable as a Murray to curl s t ravellers in Switzerland. the girl's, his left arm round hex waist, his head, with the black parting upon his white neck, stooping down ; his draped body, like a living Pog m' s Guides for Travellers.—I. Belgium and the Ilhine. With Maps anel Plans. h he moved JX Bogue. statue, moving with the lithe grace of perfect youth. Althoug and agihty. M it. Boo ni: here1 the first, of a series of Guide Book s to rival Murray. gently, every movement of his fi gure was eloquent of vigour issue's The behind plan is new , and seems a good one : experience only can decide as to its merits. It Her fi gure I could not so well see ; but her red boddice glanced is cheaper than Murray, and very considerably more portable. his sharply-defined and brilliant shoulder. And so they walked on the brown dried grass beneath the blue sk and were passing among the .'Pictures of Life at Home and Abroad. By Albert, Smith. Bentley. , y, green shrubs. Wi:u, worth a place in 1 tent,ley's Shilling Scries were, these random, rollicking a glistening sketches, very funny, very fast,, and sometimes very melodramatic, thrown off by At that moment, emerged two men, ono of whom made Albert Smith in the rare intervals--brief yet pregnant —which he snatches from blow at the young man. , the laborious composition of his great work, The. Geology of the. Glaciers, soon we The lovers separated as if hy instinct ; the girl drew aside, and the youth hope to be; laid he fore fhe scienti fic world. To the general render that work will, still unharmed, dashed off up the hill—the cloak parting from him like a it i s probable, be caviare ; be had better, therefore, fall back upon the Pictures sail from the storm-pressed ship. of fe. L' I could not paint that —the headlong flectness with which he ran, ' Hy,ug Hu h it ' s Standa rd Lilirarip -Neauiler s Church History . Ve>l . VII. Jf , O. Ite>l ui . bounding and skimming along the broken ground ; a glowing, Annuls aimI Jj Ct/emh of Calais. Ii y 11. IJ . Culte m. J . II. Smith! now chasing his in various Verse,. l\y statue, bright against the green and brown of the foliage ; JAnks in the. Cltaiu of Destiny : u Poem Uoniild Cam pbell. between the . ., , . Hl> Nrnvinaii-ntreot . shadow in the full glow of the broad sunshine, now glancing > - Caprices et Zigzag *. I nr Thoophihi tlautu «r . \y, J 4,n H , lor the h' " llowadj ;" or thc American in E straggling trees and vines. I had already conceived a sympathy ctit latdti Jtoi iit H Alile.A/otes of ti , gypt. H y (J, \\r . Curl ,in. counter- H. Vi/.uteitly. young Leander ; and I rose tip to interfere, resolved at least to Dr. 'I'Jio ii ntoi&H Travels in Western Himalaya and J diet. Ue-eive; anel Cei. misfortune. The Attmicatc. H y K . VV. Co x . .Te.hn Oro ckfeir el! balance thc odds against him. But my good purpose was his ' , Hr itish Quarterl y lleriew. JiicltHon unel 'WffJf 'ord. At the sight of me corning , he instinctively piniset Tin: Itt 'iiH t nier. I'li rl, fiXXVI" . j . "Wuttum. steadily in front of him ' * as i I n/ ttitt litiott ami Childhood : a I' opul ur Guide to its Managem ent and Treatment, lly .T ue-eili Dixon . as if discovering a new pursuer, and then turned aside. But brief H e>iilHle )H Hiiel HloiK uniui. men came up I he Auttiliitii/ratihy itf William Jerdttn. Vol.11. Arthur Hul l , Virtuo had been, the pause was sufficient for disaster. One of the ' anel 0e> S/irchi i nis if Old It alian Poetry. Uy ll. T . II . Griffith. Arthur I [ni l , Virlu ei , an el 0e>! the sun, «¦»' JUohn ' s with him, something bright again gleamed for a second in Ctueiicul Library—Saiirva if duvtznal, I'er»iu$ , Sulpicia, and Luciliiia . Hy It e.v . T .e.wi» the eecon< • ¦- ^viuib. IL a. Jlolm. the young man fell. He rose again, and ran a few paces, but as he dwelt on the tender man now intercepted him ; and I believe the two would have made short sleep. I never heard a more lovely voice ; and deli ht, which his own work of it, if I had not come up. pulsing accents, the brothers and I sat in manifest g his voice, and It was evident that each party took me for an enemy, or at least viewed countenance reflected. For the rogue knew the power of leaned, pale, took a pride in subduing the angry brothers more and more to his me with suspicion. The younger man staggered, and then uut firm, Against the trunk of an old olive. The brothers, for such the friendship. away, especiall other two evidently were, still kept guard with their knives, but stood to Next morning I had some difficulty in tearing myself y from its mother. But see what I should do. I now observed that the young man was bleeding from Beatrice, who clung to me like a child parting her on the from an ugly wound at the top of his arm. I scarcely noticed it at the at last Paolo helped Lionardo to drag her back ; and kissing who accompanied time, but afterwards I recalled the aspect of his undraped fi gure as he forehead, as they held her up to me, I followed Baldassare, leaned against the dark trunk of the tree, in an attitude of proud resigna- me as far as the main road, and then we parted ; he for you with my un- tion ; his arms folded, one leg thrown across the other, his slender yet full intelligible letter, and I on my longer journey. and rounded form falling as naturally as possible into an action that every As I rode on alone, I retraced the whole scene, noting many things that painter might have envied, very few could have copied. I had before passed over. " In Italy," says Alfieri, " the plant, Man, grows While we stood at the first moment looking at each other, each uncer- to its utmost perfection ;" and I agree with him. The genius of music, of tain of the rest, the young girl , whom we seemed all of us to have for- painting, of poetry, is in the very blood and organization of the race. They gotten, rushed from behind me, and throwing her arms round the youth, are what their great artists pourtray. Life with them attains its full, and burst into a passion of grief. The two brothers angrily advanced to tear nothing checks it ; for never was there a race more simple. Moralists her away ; but as the youth, forgetting his wound, past his bleeding arm might desire to teach Baldassare better instruments of domestic regulation round her, to sustain and protect her, I put in a few words, of which per- than the knife ; to teach Lionardo more regular modes of courtship than haps the reasonable tone struck them rather than the import ; and with an to visit his affianced at noon-day in swimming costume ; to teach Beatrice air of deference that did not-chill the fervour and torrent of their eloquence, a more decorous consciousness of the garments which he had left behind, they began, both together, to tell me the occasion of their wrath. I than of his devotion, his danger, and more than all, of his beauty ; they need not, if I could, repeat all they said ; but I soon understood the case. might desire to teach her better manners than the open, fond exclamation The young man was the lover of the girl, their sister, whose father had —" How beautiful he is !" But I doubt whether the constraint would not forbidden him to marry her ; but he would not desist from his suit, and have marred their aptness for the enjoyment of existence ; and certain I am taking advantage of their repose in the heat of the day, he had come by a that a land of living art must be a land of strong emotions, of uncon- short and safe cut, swimming down the river, to visit his Hero. Their strained manners, and of artless expression. Without Lionardos for model, honour fired up, and they had resolved to avenge it with his blood. Raphael could not have painted, airiosto could not have written, nor Rossini When they had said their say, Lionardo, starting forward, and putting sung. his hand on the lips of Beatrice to silence her, gave me his version of the story—how his father had refused because the brothers Cini were not rich COMTE'S POSITIVE PHILOSOPHY. enough ; how he should be able in time to overcome his father's objection, Br G. H. Lewes. and to make him consent ; how he had never deceived either Beatrice or the brothers, but could not live without her. "He was so good I" Part XVIII.—Vital Dynamics .- Instinct and Intelligence. Conclusion. cried Beatrice, apologetically. " And I loved her !" added he, as a final The study of Animal Life starts as we have seen from the localization of and sufficient statement ot the whole affair . I took no note of it at the the two capital properties—Contractility and Sensibility—in two funda- moment, but I could not help smiling afterwards to think of that strange mental tissues—the muscular and nervous. How little this fundamental groupe, surrounding a youth in so statuesque a costume, while most eloquently position is understood by the majority of Biologists may be gathered from yet artlessly, explained his family affairs to a strange traveller, whom all the fact, that while most of Bichat's successors have believed Contractility seemed tacitly to adopt as the final referee and umpire. Could it have to be a property of all the tissues, differing only in degrees of intensity, been possible to present that living picture to an audience in Paris or even the writers of the present day are divided on the question. In the London, how striking might it have been ; but it would have needed the last edition of Quain ' s Anatomy, the editors modified their opinion during hand of Raphael and of Titinn , the eloquence of Ariosto. and the fervour the progress of the work through the press ; at first inclining to the belief of Rossini, even for the highest art to approach that artless original. Such that contractility had been observed where no muscular fibres could be is life, when it grows under a genial sun, and is unspoiled. The earnest- traced, and only giving up that opinion in obedience to more recent and ness of his appeal not only made Lionardo's full eyes sparkle under his conclusive experiments. That Contractility is the special property of a black curls, and brought the rich blood into his brown and almost girlish special tissue is the final result of the most recent investigations. I refer cheek, hut drew forth the blood afresh from his cut, and suddenly turning the reader to Todd and Bowman's Physiological Anatomy for ample evi- pale from his brow to his very feet, he leaned faintly upon Beatrice. She dence ; meanwhile, here is one important fact : Muscular tissue is composed supported him on her shoulder, with one arm clasping him, and the other of Fibrine, and Fibrine in the blood, immediately after coagulation, mani- hand holding his arm ; while she looked around at all of us, silently and fests contractility. proudly, as though she accepted the situation and claimed the rights which The Positive nature of this conception will be better appreciated hy it conferred. The vehement tumult, which had stolen all our memories, seeing how even so excellent a physiologist as Dr. Carpenter, while virtually subsided. We took Lionardo gently from her, and set him down on accepting it, does, nevertheless, wander into the Metaphysical path, and the ground, with his hack to the tree, the two brothers helping as tenderly give us a vague expression where precision was so needful. " Various as any ; while I went to fetch the cloak where it lay forgotten, and gave it to attempts," he says, " have been made to show that the contraction of Beatrice ; who kneeled down to wrap it round her lover, first kissing the Muscle is an electrical phenomenon ; but no proof has been given that such wound. This reminded me of another duty ; and taking out a handker- is the case ; and every probability seems to be in favour of its being one chief, I tied up the arm sufficientl y for the nonce, and then looked around to of the manifestations of the Vital Force." What business this mysterious know what we should do 1 entity, Vital Force, has here, only a Metaphysician could imagine. The fhe two brothers disappeared , but presently they returned with a sort positive thinker, using the term Vital Force as the generalized expression of litter hastily made ; and placing him on it, they carried him to their of all the properties of organic beings, must conclude, that it is reasoning own house. We said little on thc way ; hut more than once Beatrice, in a circle to call contractility " one of the manifestations of the Vital turning to me, her face smiling in tears, and beaming with doting delight, Force';" whereas, by calling it .the speeial property of a special tissue, he exclaimed, " Ma quanto e bcllo !" —[" But how beautiful he is !"] does no more than record observed iactsfacts ;: andanil should at anyanv tuturefuture timetimi' And beauty, thought I, is an element of loveableness, especially in the contractility be resolved into an electrical phenomenon, that discovery will young. Beatrice herself seemed to me eminently lovcahle in that regard. leave the speciality unaltered, since the speeial manifestation of electricity, How happy they might be together ! known as muscular contraction, will always remain associated with a special Wc did not say much then ; but that evening I stayed with them, and tissue known as tho muscular tissue. we talked enough to settle certain affairs for a whole life. I found a means It may be said, therefore, that in the perfect correspondence of the two of soothing their pride towards Lionardo's father ; and Baldassare Cini ideas of Tissue ami Property, a positive basis is given to Biology. brought you that letter, the result of our talk. I count upon you, my We are as yet but on the threshold of this science. The minute re- dear Giorg io, to make good my promises. In Baldassare, with his square searches of thousunds of inquirers are still necessary before some of the thoug h spare Roman form, you will see that Lionardo had no mean com- most capital problems can be solved ; but the whole history of science tells batnnts to encounter ; for Paolo is a very duplicate of Baldassare. How- us with what accelerated rapidity discoveries arc made when once the right er, it ev did not need my aid to soften their hearts, for that had already Method is thoroughly followed. Nature answers if we but know how to heen done ; and I believe that the wound hurt Baldassare, who gave it, more question. Her treasures are open if we know when: to look. Philosophy " Jhan Lionardo who received it. I hardly think Beatrice regretted it: to is thc " interrogation" of Nature ; and the man who can put a distinct »'ive Lionardo b to y her ; tome mak e his woundin the- pretext for unceasing little question', has gone more than half way to thc answer. ^Sohcimcitudetiidous . +-.. call"..11 upon..'..~> ivfor share~i - . beri . -¦ i. i . - .1 .. ; a delight—these were worth Motion and Sensation are the two capital functions of Animal Life. We •»« pain and fear which she had suffered. At last she fell asleep on his have only to consider either of them a moment to he aware of the immen- ""hurt shoulder. Looking at her with a fond delight only equalled by sity there is still to be done before these processes arc reduced to scientific »->• own, he hurst forth into a love serenade, at first subdued and mur- law . Of Muscular actions, for example, .some arc notoriously voluntary , inuring, but afterwards ringing loud and full , with a voice so sweet that it some involuntary . Those broad distinctions are as perceptible us the dis- "Hide the naked walls of the humble saloon vibrate again without startling tinctions between a Plant and an Animal. But. as on closer inspection it the lines of demarcation between plants and animals, of considering Psychology as a mere branch of Ph is difficult to draw ysiology, we ought t Biology and Sociology another ° so, also, is it to ascertain precisely what actions are voluntary, and what insert between fundamental scLnc involuntary. To take a striking example: when you hurt a frog 's foot, Psychology. I am glad to be able to cite John Mill on this point ^ wei & and the frog leaps away, and leaps as often as you irritate it,—does not balance against the authoritative ght of Auguste Comte. After alludi this seem clearly a case of voluntary action ? It is not, however—at least not to Comte's objections to Mind as the object of observation, he says : ^ always, if ever ; it is no more voluntary than your winking when a hand has been said which can be said, it remains " But, after all incontestable bv M is passed rapidly before Comte and by all others, that there do exist uniformities of succession ' your eyes. I must ask you to accept this para- among itatpS doxical assertion ; for to prove it Would require an examination of the of mind, and that these can be ascertained by observation and experiment. Mo nervous system quite beyond the limits of these articles. over, even if it were rendered far more certain than I believe it as yet to be state has a nervous state for its immediate antecedent th^ Not only are the voluntary every mental and proximat actions difficult to be demarcated from the , yet every one must admit that we are wholly ignorant of the involuntary, cause characteristic8 but there arises a further complication, inasmuch as actions of these nervous states ; we know not, nor can hope to know, in what which, respect on in early life, are perfectly beyond control of the will, become afterwards of them differs from another ; and our only mode of studying their successions so or completely controllable, within certain limits, as to deserve the name of coexistences must be by observing the successions and coexistences of the mental voluntary. The excretory actions, for example, are, in infancy and certain states of which they are supposed to be the generators or causes. The successions diseases, wholly involuntary ; yet, by the influence of habitual resolution, therefore, which obtain among mental phenomena, do not admit of being deduced they become voluntary actions. On the other hand, Dr. Carpenter lumi- from the physiological laws of our nervous organization ; and all real knowledge of them must continue, for a long time at least if not for ever, to be nously explains what, after Hartley, he calls secondary automatic actions," sought in the " direct study, by observation and experiment, of the mental successions viz., those actions which were at first performed voluntarily, requiring a themselves Since, therefore, the order of our mental phenomena must be studied in those phe- distinct effort of the will for each and become, b repetition, so far inde- , y nomena, and not inferred from the laws of any phenomena more general, there is pendent of the will, that they are performed when the whole attention of a distinct and separate Science of Mind. The relations, indeed, of that science to the mind is bestowed elsewhere * the Science of Physiology must never be overlooked or undervalued. It must bv Besides those actions that are automatic or involuntary, there is a class no means be forgotten that the laws of mind may be derivative laws resulting from of actions I should be disposed to further distinguish as Organic, under laws of animal life, and that their truth therefore may ultimately depend upon hysical conditions ; and the influence of physiological states or p which would range the Instinctive. Who, that has watched mothers with p hysiological changes in altering or counteracting the mental successions, is one of the most im- their children, has not been struck with the remarkable sameness of their portant departments of psychological study. deportment, even to their very tricks and caresses ? Who has not noticed I think, however, that Comte is better met on his own ground ; and how all children play alike ? They use the same muscular varieties, throw if any one will turn to the article on Organic Chemistry, (part XIII.,) and themselves into the same complicated postures, follo wing the same routine. consider the arguments which force a repudiation of the encroachment of These, of course, depend on the identity of Organization ; and they form Chemistry into the proper domain of Biology, he will see how irresistibl a proper introduction to the stud of the more special actions, named in- y y they apply to this encroachment of Biology into Psychology. The analogy stincts. These instincts are also depen dent on organization : they are the seems to me complete. Biology is separated from Chemistry, not because functions of the organism. But metaphysicians, as usual, insist upon add- there is any essential distinction between organic and inorganic matter, but ing to the mystery of instinct a mysterious entity, to explain it. They because there is so wide a distinction between the phenomena ; in like range all these organic actions under a general term—Instinct, and then manner, I would separate Mind from Life, not because there is any convert that general term into an abstract entity, which fulfils, in the zoo- essential (noumenal) separation—(the former is but the out-growth of the logical world, a function analogous to that of Mind, in the human world. latter) —but because the phenomena of Thought are special j they are not This implanted mystery—this shadowy semi-spiritual entity—named In- the same as the phenomena of Life. Organic matter ^s simply a higher stinct, has long been discussed by puzzled Metaphysicians, who, denying degree of complexity of inorganic matter—which special degree causes a to Animals the possession of Mind, solve all difficulties b a jugglery of y speciality in the phenomena. So Thought is but a higher degree of Life, words. The positive biologist sees in it a mystery indeed, and a mystery its speciality creating special phenomena. Comte proposes this test whereby inexplicable, but not more so than any other organic phenomenon ; and, the chemist may distinguish whether a problem truly belongs to his true to his principle of only occupying himself with laws, irrespective of domain :—Can the problem be solved by the application of chemical prin- essential causes, he treats it as a branch of human h p ysiology—a rudimen- of physiological action tary reason . ciples alone, without the aid of any consideration whatever ? I put the same test to the Biologist, who certainly will not Much has to be done in this direction. It has occurred to me that pretend to solve many psy^chial problems upon physiological principles. some correspondence will be discovered between the unstrip ed involuntary , If the Organic world is to be separated from the Inorganic, then on the muscles and instinct on the one side, and striped voluntary muscles and , , same grounds we must separate the Psychial from the Physiological. intelligence, on the other. That is to say, the greater complexity of struc- I propose, therefore, to keep the Physical Sciences as Comte arranges ture gives rise to a corresponding variety of power. De Blainville g ives them ; and to introduce a new fundamental science—Psychology—as the this definition, L'instinct est la raison f ixee ; la raison est Vinstinct mobile j basis of Sociology ; that is to say, I begin the Science of Humanity with a —or, as the author of The Vestiges expresses it, the same faculty in the " preliminary Science of Human Nature. one case definite , in the other indefinite in its range of action :" which And here ends the first division of my difficult task. The exposition accords with what I just said. Moreover, if you consider that Instinct and having reaphed this point, I will pause for a week or two, and recommence intelligence are both functions of the brain, you will be prepared to find the new series with the hope that, having passed through the abstrusev the differences to arise from greater complexity of structure. and more abstract considerations of sciences with which the " general After the Instinctive Actions, we pass onwards to the study of the reader" is less familiar, when I come to the great moral, intellectual, and special Senses, as a preliminary to that of Intelligence ; and here let me social questions, I shall gain a more interested audience. introduce Comte's criticism on one point of this investigation. " The onl y In reviewing the great field of scientific speculation we have toiled point in Method which can be regarded as scientificall established, is the y through, no one can fail to be struck with the greatness of conception and order according to which thc various kinds of sensation ought to be studied, philosophic insight there displayed. Had Comte written nothing but and those notions have been furnished by comparative anatomy rather than these three volumes, his name would rank among thc very greatest philo- hy physiology. It consists in classing the senses according to their increas- sophers ; but in truth these volumes are but the Prolegomena to a Philo- ing speciality, beginning with the universal sense, that of contact , and suc- sophy which forms the basis of a Religion ; and here I will borrow the cessively considering the four special senses, taste, smell, sight, hearing. language of an admirable review of Comte in the Christian Examiner, This order is determined by the analysis of the animal hierarchy, since (March, 1851 ,) which the reader is urged to get possession of :— those senses must be held to be most special, and more elevated, in pro- simpl introduc- portion as they disappear in the descending scale. It is remarkable that " Tho three volumes thus cursorily noticed are, as we have said, y tory. 'I hey contain many admirable views (if tbey may not be called treatises;, this gradation corresponds exactl with the y importance of each sense, if critical and historical, of thc special sciences, and furnish probably the most unh- not in respect of intelligence, at any rate in respect of sociability. One and complete exposition to be found of their several processes and results. Still , must note, moreover, the luminous distinction of (hill, between thc passive bis province hitherto i.s mainly critical anel expository, rather than constructive. and active states of each special sense. And an analogous consideration lie is labouring, so to speak, iu other men's lields. Henceforth, the ground he is m it, leads me to distinguish the senses themselves into active and pnssive, ac- to occupy is his own. lie enters upon it in a masterly manner, and works and skil- cording as their action is essentially voluntary or involuntary . This dis- to do him justice, with a steady step, a thorough oversight, and a strong ful hand. Once allow for the speciality of his posi t ion, and the whole become tinction seems to me very marked between the senses of si ht and hearing g ; eminently instructive and valuable. Hardly a page or a lino is without its lerti e the latter op rating without our participation e , and even in spite of it; the suggestion, and its t races of close and profound thought. lie proposes in his way former requiring, to a certain degree, our participation. It, seems to me to answer the whole great problem that weighs upon the mind and destiny ° 1 that the more profound though more vague influence exercised over us by Kuropo:...... and he...., addresses... himself to the task...... with...... all the...... gravity,,_, ,,, eftrne— n tness, a" . , himself as it wore alone, a» music, compared with painting, arises in a great measure, from this diver- concentrated strength, which become a man feeling ( sity ." speaking on so transcendent ly great a muff er. And, still to do him justice, tlicr < >• , a humanity amounting at tun Irom the Senses we pass to Intelligence, or the " positive stud y of thc an apparen t good faith a strong sense of morality, i. , a force of conviction that hough he may not be heard now, he cerebral functions intellectual and moral ." And here I feel that Positive to tenderness , t y yet say ing what men must, some time listen to, and what they will bo incvita > Philosop ' hy demands a modification of Comte s Classification , and instead conqielled to accept and apply,—whie-h pu t, him in most fav ourable comparison w any purely i thical writer whom we know. For breadth and minuteness ol vu » « • 1 no statement is superior to bis of the condition of things under which he wn • * cannot te>e> strongly recommend tho reader to tho whole of Chapter X X. of Car- uu > , penWa Pr inciples oj ' Comparative Physiology, JJrd edition. For largeness of intellectual grasp, and steadiness of conception and dovolop find anything more impressive than his statement of the this late moment of the season, he can scarcely hope tbat the forthcoming w know not where to ° j intellectual and social problem, as gradually unfolded and > brought down to performances will do complete justice to a work of such high pretensions. the entire course of the history of mankind." They will be little better than full rehearsals. But the opera will be US bv " we trust ready for a lon ' this series, I mayj as well close the subscription-list of " mounted, and g and brilliant career next InTn termiiiterminating" s . i year, when the Maestro^ , with all his honours thick upon him, will be any readers should desire to add to it I will the Comte Fund. In case £eapi fregli ljmrelg beyond Atlantic Notlli has been wanting it. ^ keep it open till the end of this month, aftef which I must close * on the part of Mr. Gye to sustain the first great effort of Jullien ; and, ' ¦ -- — —¦ no doubt, the immense outlay will be well repaid. Even at a time when ri " all the world" is out of town, we have reason to believe that " all the ^L. L " AcbiT£ ,!MXt$ world" will be present at this " solemnity, and, among others, a number y an oral explanation. The stay-at-home traveller, and the " intend- is not the man to stake his reputation on imperfect rehearsals, though at mg emigrant," are really able to collect from, this picture some idea ~ of the voyage, the country, and the actual state of affairs at the » I have to acknowledge the receipt of a further subscription of 3s. from H. C. diggings.

The Wixd Beast Foli-t.—I used to wonder, when FOREIGN FUNDS. PROFESSOR MU SPRATT to Mr. Allsopp. g somewhat juvenile, at the unnecessary stress, unnecessary (Last Official Quotation during thb Week endin " I have carefully analysed samples of your Ales, and find Thubsday Evening.) that they do not coutain a particle of any injurious substance. as it appeared to me, laid by Solomon upon wisdom, and with Brazilian, Scrip , 2£ pm, Peruvian 3 per Cts. Def. 58| I and my family have used your Alesfor years , perfect and to see his absolute dread of fools and folly. A Buenos Ayres Bonds 76 Spanish 3 per Cents 48£ confidence in their purity. I know that Pale Ale, prepared, as Danish 3 per Cents., 1825 83 Spanish 3 p. Cts. New Def. 212 in your Brewery, under scientific surveillance, contains a large little more experience has shown me that there is no quantity of nutritious matter ; and the hop, by its tonic pro- wiser fear than the fear of foolishness—a thing more Dutch 1 \ per Cents 63t£ Spanish Com. Certif. of Dutch 4 per Cent. Certif. 97f Coupon not funded ... 2| perties, gives a healthy tone to the Stomach. terrible to meet than any wild beast of the forest. Mexican 3 per Cents 25 " Sheridan Muspbatt, F.R.S.E., " Member of the Royal Irish Academy and of What frightful calamities, for instance, may not be La Socyte d'Encouragement. directly traced up to to the miserable and pedantic " Cftar&Mt g, " College of Chemistry, Liverpool." views which have been taken of the Bible—views Whz i^oalogical , ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE may which enabled the sarcastic Gibbon to contend that REGENT'S PARK, be obtained in casks of IS Gallons and upwards from the the Reformation had brought in as much evil as it Are Open to Visitors daily. The Collection now Contains upwards Brewery, Burton-on-Trent ; and from the under-mentioned of 1500 Specimens, including two fine Chimpanzees, the Hippo- Branch Establishments -.— had removed.—Eraser' s Magazine.—August. potamus presented by H.H. the Viceroy of Egypt, Elephants, Rhinocekos, Giratites and young, Letjcoryx and young, London at 61, King William Street, City. Wine of Mam.—Among the vast number of testimo- Elands, Bonteboks, Camels, Zebras, Lions, Tigeus, Liverpool at Cook Street. nials that appear in favour of .eUlsopp's Ale, it is re- Jaguabs, Beabs, Ostriches, and the Aptebyx presented by Manchester ... at Ducie Place. markable that only one of them supplies the long felt the Lieut.-Governor of New Zealand. All Visitors are now Dudley at Burnt Tree. deficiency of a popular definition of mis unique produc- admitted to Mr. Gould's Collection of Humming Birds without Glasgow at 115 , St. Vincent's Street. any extra charge. Dublin at Ulster Chambers, Dame Street. tion of Burton-upon-Trent. Others havo very minutely BiaMiNGHAit ... at Market Hall. examined its medical, sanatory, and nutritive properties ; The Band of the First Life Guards will perform, by per- mission of Colonel Hall, every SATUEDAY, at Four o clock, In either of which places a list of respectable parties who supply and, what is rather unusual with professors of chemistry, until further notice. or of tho the Beer in bottles (and also in casks at the same prices as from healing art, give undoubted evidence of its supe- Admission, One Shilling. On Mondays, Sixpence. the Brewery), may at any timo be seen. (T. No. 3.) riority as a daily beverage, founded upon long personal and either familiar experience. It was, however, left to tho Sanatory THE ROYAL EXHIBITION.—A valuable Commissioner of the Lancet to impart a so- , powerful WAISTCOAT MECHI'S MULTIEORMIA, cial influence newly-invented, very small , also, to the use of Allsopp's Ale. Summing POCJtET GLASS, tho size of a walnut, tei discern minute 4, LEADENHALL STREET. up its excellence in the single terse expression of " Wine objects at a distance of from four to live miles, which ia found Tliis elegant appendage to tho Drawing-room in Papier ol Mult. As tho result of his own analysis, ho declares, to ho invaluable to Yaehters, Sportsmen, Gentlemen, and Game- MacheS, comprising within itself a Polo Screen , a Chess Table, that " From tho pure and wholesome nature of tho ingre- keepers. Price 30s., sent free. —TELESCOPES. A new and a Reading Desk, and a Music Stand. Mechi solicits tho atten- dients employed, the moderate proportion of alcohol most important invention in Telescopes, possessing such extra- tion of the tasteful to this novelty, as well as to tho general 3 j inches iece contents of his new Show Room m which aro exhibited the present, and tho orelinary powers, that some, , with an extra eye-p , , very considerable quantity of aromatic will show distinctly Jupiter's Moons, Saturn's Ring, and tho most perfect specimens of Papier Macho produeeel in thin anodyne bitter, derived from hops, contained in these Double Stars. Thoy supersede every other kind, and aro of all ceiuntry. Au immense variety of LaeJies' and Gentlemen's beers, thoy tend to preserve tho tone of the stomach, and sizes, for the waistcoat pocket, Shooting, Military purposes, &c. Dressing Cases, Work Tables, Tea Poys, Tea Trays, Hand conduce to tho restoration of tho health of that organ, Opera and Racecourse Glasses, with wonderful powers; a minuto Screens, Pe.le Screens, Curd, Cako, anei Noto Baskets, Jb,o. when in a state of weakness or debility." And then object can be clearly seen from ton to twelve miles elistant. Everything for tho Toilet anel Weirk Tabic, of tho best quality, newl S invisible and anel nt moderuto prices may bo hud at conclusively adds, that "Theso bitter beers differ from Invaluable, y-invented Preserving pectacles; , nil o all kinds of Acoustic Instruments for relief of extreme Deafness. Mucin's, 'i , Lkadeniiai-l Stuuict. near the Inelia House. ther preparations of malt in containing a smaller —Messrs. 8. and B. SOLOMONS, Opticians anel Aurists, amount of extractive matter, thus being loss viscid and 31), Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, opposite tho York Hotel. wieeharino, and consequently more easy of digestion ; they UTTA resomble (^i PERCH A TUBING.— Many , indeed, from their lightness, a wine of ma l t, vJC inquiries having been mode as to the Durability of this f ather than an ordinary fermented infu sion and it is DUNN'S TAILORS' LABOUR AGENCY , will be: founel alike worth the attentiem of tho Economist Tubing, the Gutta Pere-ha Ceimpany havo pleasure in drawing very satisfactory y to find that a beverage of such general aud tho Philanthropist, cheapness being tho means by whioh it attentiem to the following letter, receivcel consumption is entirel frco from kind of impurity." y ovcry is proposed to secure employment at lully remunerative wages I'ltOM MB . C. IIACK BB, SlIHVEYOB TO TUB 1IDKB OP BBDPOli n : With such tangible testimony as this wo shall not bo sur- for tho workmen, whilst the extent of patronage makes up for " Olllco of Works, Woburn Park, .f an. 10 prised if our importations of wines from tho German rivers, tho Premiotcr a reuiunerutivo profit, largo in its extent, though , 1H52. " In answer te) imd tho Vronch. and Spanish portR, aro materially affected small in its degree. your inquiries respecting the Gutta Porelm Tubing for Pump Huctious, I find that the water has neit allooteel by a natural proferonco for our native In tho extensive range of frontage may bo seen specimens e>f supply of " wino of with their prices marked in p it in the least, altheiugh it, will eat leael through in two years ; we limit" from tho different articles offered , lain Burton-upon-Trent.— Globe. fi gures, anel nei ahatomeuit made ; with eaeh eif which the o.\in- havo adopted it largeily, both on account eif being cheaper thail tomor gets a printed receipt, taken (Venn , anel aignoil by, the eael, much easier fixed", anel a move perfect job. workman for the wages he receives lor making it, and contain- " Yours, &c, C. fIACKII.lt." ing his address for private inquiry as te> tho truth of such state - N.l). Tho Company*!. Illuutruted Circulars, containing fnsll-iie; ineiit—it beiing intended, in this A gency, to omboely anil carry tieniH le > Plumbers fe.r joining tubcH, lining tanks, &<: ., will ho feir Cutittumial Mara. out eme) of theiso Social anel Cei-ojienitivo Theeiriea which pro- warded em the receipt eif threie postage stamps. mises, if hemestly workeel out, te> secure benefits to all without injury tei any—making erne peirtion of the community, in supply- THIS GUTTA PKR C UA COMPANY, PATENTERS, MONEY MARK ET AND CITY INTELLT.Gli.NCJ. ing its own wants, minister te> the) comforts unel olevatiem of IK, WHARF-ROAD, CITY-ROAD, LONDON. another ; anel that, by tho exorcise e)f that ruling passion, solf- BRITISH FUNDS FOR THE PAST WEEK. iiitoreist. men naturally Hocking to the best markets in numbei-H (Ci.osmu 1* limits.) proportiemed to tho certainty with which they eian determine) GLENFIELT) PATENT STA .RCIL— Now them tei be He> , the Manager here only eilToring them the satis- UHKD IN The Luelios are if they aro well Herveiel T1L15 ROYAL LAUNDRY. Satur. Monti. Tucs. Wedn. Thins. JbYid factiem of knowing that, , tho men aro respectfully solicited te> make a trial of the) QLKNFfl 'llA) n»nk Hteiedc well paid ; anel thus, in bleiieling the iiitoreistH of the* Producer PATENT DOUBLK-ll KV INI5D f'OVV i)Eft HTA RO II , whiejli , 229 2!' l 227 228 223 , socuring fiiH e>wn as agent between them. 0 awl Consumer feir Deiniestic Use, neiw stailels tmiunr,r,iii>. Solel Whedeisalo ;:» '"' J; " -- ««'<» iooi too »uz- mil mil A ohoiuo of Main's useful Trousers, from 10a. Oel. tei 12h. ; a ; l>» r(,mit . Con. Ann. i).s| in London by MosBrs. Pimtin and Turner ; lleioper Brothers ; > |»e>r c,,„ ool Wlk Ml iWJ Large Assen-tment e>f eiittej , Ht ibr all pernios, from lfis. to IHs . ; Weieiel, anel Co. .- ; Por t. (3„i»., Ac. ()» { 09$ l>i)fc 1)8-2 »8J Batty and Feast ; Croft and Innocent; Petty, OemlUn 103 Cheiieo (Jualities iu Ptttteu-u, from 20s. to 23a. ; (wages paid Lctemibrd and Co. ; .le>hn Yates and J 108| 103 302} 102g (id.) Twofvetrees Kreithors ; R. ^W«w 5 por agreeable to selling price, lreini 3s. to . ; O.HitH 125 25h. ; a useful lilae-k Frouk Coat , Walton, Dross Coat, w«ll niiMle, , 2H».; Fie)let , Reiborts, anel lJarber ; A. Bnielen anel Ce>. ; Hick s (warranteel ji aiei wage)S feir making, 10s.) A First-Clans Dress Hi-others : (J. H. Williams and Co. ; Hterry, Hterry, and Co. ; Sit i «Um'V « 5W* 2H1 ®* - a First-Class I«'roi:k , lined with Rilk , iJ3 ; "°"«, *«WI» ... 04 ™HI) Oe>at , ii2 15s. , (aHpeoi- Thomas Smelling ; Jolin Hynam; John Hrowor ; and Retail, by 1) u!!: ". 04, 01 01 moiiof wen-kmiuiship, and warranted wages paid for making, 15s.) *1000 »* »* w> all Shopkee)pe)rs . H nrt A good Uliuik Vest (wages paiil 2s. «(>».), 7h. 0d. A gents wanted—apply lei Mr. It. WotherBpoon, 40, fiunlop « e)very Artiulo in t ho |4% >£ :™ «•* * gj gp %" Boyci' Ololhiug, anel Trade, on tho most Street, Glasgow. 1 s"-» :::::: to p :::::: :;:::: n Aelviuitageeuis Henlo of Charges. London Depot i ^lt i. AI :::::: Ob«ca?ve tho AddroBB—13, aud M, KawiMUTow Cauhbway. Wolhorupoon, Muukay, and Co., 10, King William Street, City. HOPE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE WATCHES ! AND HONESTY GUARANTEE SOCIETY. WATCHES ! WATCHES ! Established forGranting Assurances on Lives, Guarante e for Honesty,Endowments , Loans, and Annuities. Save 50 per Cent, by purchasing your Watches direct from the Manufacturer, Incorporatedy under Act of Parliament, with a Guarantee Fund at tLaeh« of £100 ,000. Wholesale Trade Price. ' Principal Department —4, Princes Stbeet, London. Warranted Gold Watches, extra jewelled, •with all the recent improvements £3 15 0 boabd' op management. The same Movements in Silver Cases .... * • 2 0 0 Mr. Serjeant Allen, Serjeant's Inn, Chancery Lane ; the Elms, Handsome Morocco Cases for same o 2 0 Crawley, Sussex. -. ' Every other description of Watch m the same proportion. Charles De Bergue, Esq., Dowgate Hill, and Blackheath. Sent Free to any part of the Kingdom upon receipt of One Shilling Extra. Robert Douglass, Esq., Carey Lane, Cheapside, and Stoke Newington. Duplex and other Watches practically Repaired and put in order, at the Trade Prices, at Lewis Glenton, Esq., Glenmohr Terrace, Blackheath. Charles George Knox, Esq., LL.D., Stone Buildings, Lincoln's WHOLESALE WATCH Inn. DANIEL ELLIOTT HEDGEB'S MANUFACTORY Henry Philip Hope, Esq., Offi cial Assignee, District Bank- 27, CI TY XtO ADi near Tinsbury Square, Xiondon. ruptcy Court , and Osmond Thorpe Hall, Leeds. Trade supplied in any quantities on very James William Massie, D.D., LL.D., Upper Clapton . *** Merchants, Captains, and the favourable terms. Walter Francis Robinson, Esq., F.R.G.S., 11, Air Street, Pic- cadilly. Robert Theobald , Esq., 26, Paternoster Row, and Kentish Town. Henry Morgan ' PROFESSIONAL LIFE ASSURA-oN-maCE- Vane, Esq., 42, Jermyn Street, St. James s. Ht fe Assuranc e. COMPANY. E. William White, Esq., 68, Cheapside, and Blackheath. Thos. Wheelwright, Esq., Lower Phillimore Place, Kensington. Admitting, on equal terms, persons of every class and dewo« to all its benefits and advantages. Gknbeai. Manager—Henri Christopher Eiffe, Esq. PR OPERTY ASSURANCE LAW Capital—Two Hundbed Airn Fibttt auditors. AND TRUST SOCIETY, Thousand Poukds. Chairman —Majob Hbnby Stones Rice Hopkins, C.E., Parliament Street. 30, Essex Street, Strand , London ; and 19, Prin cess Street, , LL.B Depvzty-Chairman—Jambs Anubew Dubham, Es Wm. Kent, Esq., 51 & 52, Paternoster Row, and Norwood Manchester. q." With upwards of Fourteen Hundred Sharehol Arthur Mee, Esq., F.I.B.A., 58, Pall Mall. Subscribed Capital, £250,000, in 6000 Shares of £50 each. ders. MEDICAIi OFFICERS. There are two important clauses in the Deed of Settlement LONDOIf BOABD. by which the Directors have power to appropriate ONE-TENTH Campbell De Morgan, Escp, 51, Upper Seymour Street. of the entire profits of the Company :— Nicholas Parker, Esq., M7D., Finsbury Square. MBBCTO ES. 1st. —For the relief of aged and distresse d parties Prior Purvis, Esq., M.D., Greenwich. Ralph T. Brookman, Esq. James Macaulay, Esq. assured for Ed. Johnson Esq., M.D., e life, who have paid f ive years' premiums, their widows , R gent Street, and Clapham. Benj. Chandler, jun., Esq. Henry Panll, Esq. and orphans. Standing Counsei.—Sir Wm. Page Wood, M.P. Edward W. Cox, Esq. Robert Young, Esq. 2nd.—For the relief of aged and distressed original proprietors BANKERS. AUDITOR S. assured or not, their widows and orphans, together with Messrs. Barclay, Bevan, Tritton, and Co. Lombard Street E. E. P. Kelsey, Esq., Salisbury. 6 per cent, per annum on the capital originally invested by them. SOLIC ITOBS. James Hutton, Esq., Moorgate Street. All Policies indisputable and free of stamp Messrs. Terrell and Matthews 30 Basing BANKERS. duty. , , hall Street. Rates of Pr emium extremely moderate.. London and County Bank, 21, Lombard Street. No extra charge f or going to or residing at (in time of peace) The Public in general are invited to a consideration of the standing^ counsel. Australasia—Bermuda—Madeira—Capeof Good Hope—Mauri- tius—and the British North American Colonies. comprehensive Plan of this Society. Henry Stevens, Esq., 7, New Square, Lincoln's Inn Whilst it transacts all the ordinary business of Life Assurance Medical men m all cases remunerated for their report. on the most liberal conditions, it freely opens its doors to those CONSUMIN G ACTUABT. Assurances granted against paralysis, blindness, accidents, exposed to extra risk, and affords them advantages which have Francis G. P. Neison, Esq., 25, Pall Mall insanity, and every other afflicti on, bodily and mental, at mode- rate rates. heretofore been denied. ME DICAI. OFFICES. It grants Assurances against every contingency of life to per- A liberal commission allowed to agents. sons of all classes or professions, on terms equitably adjusted to Dr. McCann, Parliament Street. Annual premium for assuring £100, namely :-— the risk incurred. SOMCITOB. Age—20 ... £1 10 9 | Age—40 ... £2 13 6 SPECIFIC ADVANTAGES. William Colley, Esq., 16, Bucklersbury. 30 ... £1 19 6 J 50 ... £3 18 6 Prospectuses 1. This Society grants Assurances on the lives of all classes, PBOCTOB. , with tables and fullest information , may be had includin at the Offi ces of the Company, or of any of their agents. g Seafaring, Military, and Naval Service, as well as H. Pitcher, Esq., Doctors' Commons. persons proceeding as passengers to foreign climates. Applications for agencies requested. 2. No extra Premium charged on Assurers who desire to ACTUABY AND SBCBETABT. EDWARD BAYLIS, Resident Manager and Actuary. travel between any port in the United Kingdom and any of the •William 'Neison, Esq. F.S.S. Offi ces, 76, Cheapside, London. ports from Gibraltar to the Sound. 3. No extra Premium charged for residence in any part of Europe, in Australia, or Canadas, or any healthy parts of North MANCHESTER BOARD. THE PENINSULAR AND OEIENTAL or South America. DIBECTOBS. STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY 4. Assurances may be had on the Lives of Mariners, to cover Book Passengers and receive Goods and Parcels for MALTA, the constant trade between the United Kingdom and any part Nicholas Earle, Esq. Thomas Taylor, Esq., Isaac Hall, Esq. "N orfolk Street. EGYPT, INDIA, and CHINA, by their Steamers leaving of the world, ot the constant trade in any given place, as, for Southampton on the 20th of every Month. instance, between the East Indies and China. W. H. Partington, Esq. G. B. Withington , Esq. James Street Esq. Thomas Whitlow _ *„* The premium for a specific voyage may be obtained on , , Esq. The Company's Steamers also start for MALTA and CON- liberal terma. HANKERS. STANTINOPLE on the 29th, and VIGO, OPORTO, LISBON, CADIZ, an d GIBRALTAR, on the 7th, 17th, and 27th of the 5. The extra Premium which 'is charged for residing in un- Sir Benjamin Heywood, Bart., and Co. healthy climates, or for actual service in military or seafaring Month. 1S2, pursuits, is discontinued on return to, and during residence in, COUNSEL For further information apply at the Company's Offices , Southampton. the United Kingdom, or the healthy _parts of Europe. The Po- J. P. Lake, Esq., 4, Townhall Buildings, Cross Street. Leadenhall Street, London : and Oriental Place, licies are then continued during residence at the ordinary pre- PHYSICIAN. miums standing against the age of the assured at the time of PHILLIPS'S GOLD MINER'S GUIDE. effecting the assurance, evidence as to health being J. L. BardBley, Esq., M.D., 8, Chatham Street, Pic cadilly first adduced Illustrated by Thirty-three Engravings, price 2s. 6d., hound. to the satisfaction of the Direotors. SUHGEON. G. The whole of the profits divided among the Assured for R. H. M'Keand, Esq., 5, Oxford Street, St. Peter's. GOLD MINING AND ASSAYING : A life, all of whom are proprietors, and possess control over the SCIENTIFIC GUIPK FOB AUSTBALIAN EMIGRANTS. By management without responsibility. SUKVEYOKS. JOHN ARTHUR PHILLIPS, F.C.S., Metallurgy Chemist, 7. Guarantee Policies lor Fidelity of Trust , in combination Mr. Edward Corhett. j Mr. Edward Nicholson Graduate of the Ecole des Mines of Paris, formerly Professor with Life Insurane;e, granted at little more than the simple rato Mr. William Radford. of Metallurgy at the College for Civil Engineers, author oi a for ordinary Life Policies. " AGENTS. " Manual ofMetallurgy. . . 8. All Policies indisputable, except in cases of premeditated Contents -.—Sources of Gold—Chemical and Mineralopcni fraud. No charge to the Assureel for medical fees, stamp duties, Messrs. Dunn and Sniitli, 10, Princess Street Characters of Gold — Assaying of Gold Ores — Cupellation— or any other expenses in effecting a Policy Ma- beyond the premium. HECKKTAHY. Parting—Amalgamation — Metallurgy of Gold — Newest 0. The Directors give favourable cemsieleral ion tei proposals and washing alluvial deposits IV. 11. Partington J?sq. chinery for Crushing Gold Quurtz, fro m diseased eir non-select cases, at premiums proportieineel , —Government Regulations respecting Gold Mining. to tho risk, a sj'steni especially adviuitag<»oiiH to parties whoso Tin's Society is estaMislied to apply the principle of Assurance London ; ami health may havo been Jeihn J. Griffin and Co., 53, Baker Street, impaired by over attention to business, to Phoi'kuty iih well as !e> Life ; unel its business consists of he Imd am *»'» foreign residence, &c. R. Griffin and Co., Glasgow ; of whom may The Assurance of Dkfkotivr anel Unmabki.tahi,« Titles, ArvAUATUB and Re-agents required by the Gold Assayc r, ii From the principles which are hero brie-fly stated, it is evi- rendering them absolute and perfect. Catalogue of which may bo had gratis. dent that the system of Assurance acted on by the Hope- The Assurance of Coi.yhoi.uh, LiFEiioi,ns, and Leaseholds, Office cannot be tot) strongly reoommeneled. Te> all who havo thereby making them equal to, or even better than Fubkiioli-N, SPECU- any surp lut. capital it oflers a secure aud profitable! mode of for all purpoHCH of sale or meirtfjapo. WORKS EDUCATIONAL AND investmuni ; it conhiiios all the aelvantages of Assurances unel The redemption eif Loans anel Moutuaoks, and guaranteeing LATIVE. • , B d - Savings Banks together, feir , in the event of premature death, their aliHolnto repayment within a given period . Euclid, the First Book only; an Introduction to Matho- a larger capital is at once created fe>r the) surviveirs that lnereased anel Immediate Annuities granted upon Healthy niaticB (with plates) ([^ woulel reepiire yeMirs te> bo preiiluced by any either moelo of as well iib Dishasuii Liv ich. A Practical Grammar of the Broad Rules of Speech ... ^ J () investment. If. C. KIFPK , General Manager. The Fiokmty of Clerlcn , Servants, anel others Ouabantkhi) A Handbook of Graduated Exorcises . (| upem tbe payment of a small annual premium, anel a reduction Rudiments of Publio Speaking and Debate .-¦ f ^ e>l nearly ono-hiilf in made when a Lire Assuranee in e-eimbineel A Logic of Facts, or Method of Reasoning by Faets () T AN EXTRAORDINARY OKNEKAL with Ihei Fidelity Guarantee Policy. The People's Review (80 articles complete) .. ., A MKKT1NG e>f the HOPE \AVtt AHHUKA'NOK and Like Ahsuicanchh effected feir the whole term of life, or feir a Literary Institutions—their Relation to Publio Opinion. •• HONESTY GUARANTIEE HOCTETY , duly conveneil, anil term of yetirH and the premiums can he paid yearl 'Imprisonment For the perusal hole! within their Offices , y, half-yearly, The H intoryofHix Months ( , Ne». 4, Princes-street, Bank of Eng- or quarterly. e»f her Majesty 's Attorney General anel the British land , em Weelneselay, the 21st July, 1H52, at the hour of One Kndowmicnt anel Education Ahmjuanceh anel Annuities Clergy) ... .. •¦• ••• ^ 'clock— , o o granted ; tbe premiiiniH can bo paiel upem tile returnable etr The Task of To- Day—Vol . I. e.f i he Cabinet of ICeason ... - Hkniiy MeiiiOAN Vane Esq., in the Chair , , ne.n-returnable system , in erase e>f death before attaining the Why do the Clergy Avoiel Discussion and Philosophers It was unanimously Resolved—¦ ii ge agri'ed upem. Discountenance it ?—Vol . II. eif the Cabinet ofHonnon Garble, henceforth the numbetr of Directors shall be Immkuiatk Annuities, or increasee! inceimes, granted in Life, Writing.*, and Charn«t«r of tho late Riohard That increased y Im- from ton tei twelve) , anel that exchange lor Rkviuisuonaii Intkiikmth. who endured Nine Years and Four Months 0 Whole World l'eilii.ics granted, anel all Polieies issued by this prisonmont for the Froodom of the English Press ... Henry Philip Hope, Esq., Ollicial Assignee, District, Bank- fieie-iety are Inuihi'Utaiu.e exeent in ease's of fVauel. Paley's Natural the Doctor's OvmWoras ^ anel Dr. Theimas Wheelwright M.I) , Theology trn-d by <( ruptcy Oeiurt, Lewis, , ., eit Every information furnished , free of expense, by applying to Katiemulinm (Mr. Owen h Views Individualised) ... ••• ^ laco, Kensington, Londem, be elected Mem- Lower I'hillimore-p Roman Ciitheilioism tho Religion of Fear, with 8 plate-H , ;{ lie rs of the present Jlowrd . WILLIAM NEISON , En«i., Actuary and Secretary. ^ UO, Essex Street,, Mtriind , Leiiiele.n. from Katlier Pinaiiionti ¦ '" ,¦ '" It was proposed by John Stewart, Esq., Hocondcel by .l ames Tho Philosophic! Typo of Christianity : an Examina""" Aomnth Wanted irations. Cobbett, Esq., and unanimously resolved— of (he " Houl : her Sorrows and her Asp "J 0 !$ That the best thanks ot tho members are) elue) and hereby sin- F. W. Newman" ¦ '" o I cerel accorded to the Bou-d of Directors unel Gemorul Manager, ONDON ASSU RANCE CORPO RATION, The Login eif Death (Twenty-sixth Thousand) • • • .:•• 0 i y ' . WeeKiy feir the unparalleled success which hau accrued to the Society by TJ ' Kntaui.iniii.i) iiv Royai, (J u a until A.I). 1720 . The Uon.Meme>r : a Gazette e> f Secular Adveicaoy thoir judicious and zealous management. London : . . u0w. ) FOR LIFE, FIRE, AND MARINE ASSURANCES. James Watson 3, Queen' Head Passage, Patornostor It wiib proposed by Edward J ohnson , Esq., M.I. ., nooonelcel , i* ^ by John Shove, E»q., and carried by uetedainatieui. Head Office , 7 , RoYAI, ElCOUANOK , COBNIIII,!.. 1 ortl That tho warm acknowledgments of this meeting be made to Branch Office , 10, Rhoknt Street. LONDONi 1' rinied by QKe .neiM Hooi'Kit , (of No. fl , <)fl|e(l ,)( II . M. Vane Esq., the Chairman of the Hoard of Management, I n ('e) unty of Ml*,> » , Ki-iiHhiKlon , Hi" Btre" .il. ,V) . tUu I'arU" for the very able, lucid, and cheering statement rendered by Actuary, Peter Hardy, Esq., P.R.8. Mbhhkh. H».v «i.i. unel Ki.wam.h , Ne.. i , CtondM \)lUU(!d W hi Iho sumo County j »ntt ^» « ,, } t him of tho Society's affairs. Tins Coiu'oiiation has effected Ahhuuanoeh feir a period ot Ht. 1'aul, Covent H a rden, ? By order, ereieeieling g„ On ii llvf iiiunn ANU Tmiuty Yka bh, on the moat TIIK l.HAUKIl Of). IOU. N... 10, yW.UNOl^" u.ty.- HKNHI CU IUS. EIFFE, Genoral Manager. FaVOUHAHMI TltllMH. HTUAN1) , In tho T'reieilnct of the Hayojr - bolu In U»o »i"»" London, 21nt July, 1BD2 . JOHN hAVUVAVOE, Secretary. BvrwuuM , August H, l«02.