Plant List for Plant ID 2021

TREES Latin name Common name Acacia aneura Mulga Acacia farnesiana Synonym: Vachellia farnesiana Sweet Acacia, Sweet Vachellia Acacia salicina Weeping Acacia Acacia stenophylla Shoestring Acacia Caesalpinia mexicana Mexican Bird of Paradise Chilopsis linearis Desert Willow xChitalpa tashkentensis Chitalpa Corymbia papuana Synonym: Eucalyptus papuana Ghost Gum Eucalyptus Dalbergia sissoo Indian Rosewood, Sissoo Eucalyptus microtheca Coolibah Eucalyptus spathulata Narrow Leaf Gimlet Ficus microcarpa var. nitida Indian Laurel Fig Fraxinus velutina Arizona Ash Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda Mariosousa willardiana Palo Blanco Melaleuca viminalis Synonym: Callistemon viminalis Weeping Bottlebrush Olneya tesota Desert Ironwood Olea europaea olive; many cultivars Parkinsonia florida Blue Palo Verde Parkinsonia hybrid thornless palo verde; various cultivars Parkinsonia microphylla Foothills Palo Verde, Little Leaf Palo Verde Parkinsonia praecox Palo Brea Pinus brutia var. eldarica Afghan Pine Pinus halepensis Aleppo Pine Pistacia chinensis Chinese Pistache Prosopis chilensis Chilean Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa Honey Mesquite Prosopis hybrid, (Prosopis alba x Prosopis chilensis) South American hybrid mesquite Prosopis velutina Arizona or Velvet Mesquite

Quercus virginiana Southern Live Oak

TREES (Con’t) Sophora, Texas Mountain Laurel, Mescal Sophora secundiflora Synonym: Calia secundiflora Bean Tipuana tipu Tipu Tree Ulmus parvifolia Chinese Evergreen Elm Vitex agnus-castus Lilac Chaste Tree

PALMS or PALM-LIKE PLANTS Latin name Common name

Chamaerops humilis Mediterranean Fan Palm

Cycas revoluta Sago Palm

Phoenix canariensis Canary Island Date Palm

Phoenix dactylifera Common Date palm

Phoenix roebelenii Pigmy Date Palm

Washingtonia filifera California Fan Palm

Washingtonia robusta Mexican Fan Palm

VINES & GROUNDCOVERS Latin name Common name

Bignonia capreolata Crossvine

Bougainvillea spp. Bougainvillea

Dolichandra unguis-cati Synonym: Macfadyena unguis-cati Cat’s Claw Vine

Eremophila glabra ‘Outback Sunrise’ Outback Sunrise Emu

Ficus pumila Creeping Fig

Purple Trailing Lantana, White Trailing Lantana montevidensis, L. montevidensis ‘Alba’ Lantana Myoporum parvifolium Trailing Myoporum

SHRUBS & FLOWERING PERENNIALS Latin name Common name Caesalpinia cacalaco Cascalote Caesalpinia gilliesii Yellow Bird of Paradise Caesalpinia pulcherrima Red Bird of Paradise Calliandra californica Red Fairy Duster (Baja) Calliandra eriophylla Pink Fairy Duster Carissa macrocarpa Natal Plum; many cultivars Chrysactinia mexicana Damianita Convolvulus cneorum Bush Morning Glory Dodonaea viscosa, D. viscosa ‘Purpurea’, D.v. ‘Saratoga’ Hopseed Bush, Purple Hopseed Bush Encelia farinosa Brittle Bush Eremophila maculata Eremophila, Emu Bush Eremophila spp. many spp. and var. Justicia californica Chuparosa Justicia spicigera Mexican Honeysuckle

Lantana spp. lantana hybrids Larrea tridentata Creosote Bush Leucophyllum candidum Silver Leaf Sage Leucophyllum frutescens Texas Sage

Leucophyllum laevigatum Chihuahuan Sage Melaleuca viminalis ‘Little John’, Synonym: Callistemon viminalis Little John Bottlebrush Nerium oleander Oleander Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary Ruellia peninsularis Baja Ruellia or Desert Ruellia Ruellia brittoniana Synonym: Ruellia simplex Purple Ruellia, ‘Katie’ (purple), ‘Chi Chi’ (pink) Senna artemisioides subsp. artemisioides Feathery Senna, Feathery Cassia Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Outback Senna Simmondsia chinensis Jojoba, Goatnut Tecoma fulva subsp. guarume Synonym: Tecoma alata Orange Bells Tecoma stans, T. stans cultivars, Tecoma x hybrids Yellow Bells, ‘Gold Star’, various colors Tetraneuris acaulis Angelita Daisy

SUCCULENTS & GRASSES Latin name Common name Agave americana Century Plant Agave angustifolia var. marginata or variegata Maguey Lechugilla Agave desmettiana Smooth Agave Agave geminiflora Twin-flowered Agave Agave vilmoriniana Octopus Agave Aloe barbadensis Medicinal Aloe Carnegiea gigantea Saguaro Cylindropuntia bigelovii Synonym: Opuntia bigelovii Teddy Bear Cholla Dasylirion wheeleri Desert Spoon, Sotol Echinocactus grusonii Golden Barrel

Euphorbia antisyphilitica Candelilla

Euphorbia tirucalli ‘Rosea’ Firesticks Fouquieria splendens Ocotillo

Hesperaloe funifera Giant Hesperaloe Hesperaloe parviflora Red Yucca Muhlenbergia capillaris Pink Muhly, ‘Regal Mist’

Muhlenbergia rigens Deer Grass Opuntia spp. prickly pear; many species and cultivars

Pennisetum setaceum var. cupreum Purple Fountain Grass Stenocereus marginatus Mexican Fence Post Yucca elata Soap Tree Yucca Yucca recurvifolia Curveleaf Yucca

12/19/19 Rev., Reconciled 10/22/20 with The Plant List and Plants of the World Online Why is it Importantp nt to Learn How to Identify Plants? Is itit Worthh the Effort?

• The ability to know or identify a plant allows us to assess many important variables in the plant life and environment that are critical to its proper management and care.

• It is one thing to be able to identify a plant and quite another to know its use or values as it INTRODUCTION TO relates to our landscape environment. PLANT IDENTIFICATION • Once we understand the importance of knowing our plants and how to use them in the landscape, we must first be able to identify them. If you do not know the plant, you cannot do your job.

Helpful Tools to Use for Identifying Plants Plant Identification Resources • HandHdl lens or magnifyingif i glassl –235 2x, 3x, 5x • Individuals that know their plants • Loop – 10x • Botanical Gardens and Arboreta • Dissecting kit • Nurseries and their catalogs • Collecting bags – plastic or paper • Books • • Hand shears, clippers, Snip-It Plant Societies • Conferences and Trade Shows • Plant Press or magazine, book • Internet/Apps--plant.id • Labels with pencil • Camera • 3 X 5 index cards

Classification System Plant Taxonomy: the science that finds, describes, identifies, classifies, and Five Kingdom: Six Kingdom: names plants. Plantae Plantae Animalia Animalia Eukaryota Domain Two goals of plant taxonomy: Fungi Fungi Protistaƈ Protista o Identification - determining identity of Monera* Eubacteria Bacteria Domain unknown plant by comparison with previously Archaea Achaea Domain collected specimens • ΆSlime molds and algae o Classification - placing of known plants into • *Bacteria groups or categories to show some relationship Representative drawing or photo Scientific Classification

Conservation • Domain: Eukaryota status • Kingdom: Plantae Clade: A group of organisms • Clade believed to have evolved from a • Clade common ancestor • Clade Current • Order classification • Family These two together identify the plant. • Genus This is the binomial system of • species nomenclature developed by Carl von Linné 250 years ago. (1707-1778) • ( ) Author or authority specific epithet

Synonyms

ScientificScientific NNames:ames: Dalbergia sissooo Roxb.** / Indian rosewood Values and Weaknesses Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae • Many scientific names are used as common names. Clade: Tracheophytes • You are assured of getting the plant you want. Clade: Angiosperms • You can talk to people in other parts of the world about the same plant! Clade: Eudicots • They are organized and evaluated according to a definite system of Order: Fabales laws and rules. • Scientific names often are descriptive of the plant or its place of origin, Family: FABACEAE color, growth habit: Olea europaea, Prosopis chilensis, Genus: Dalbergia Fraxinus velutina, Caesalpinia mexicana, Prosopis velutina, species: sissoo Washingtonia robusta, Leucophyllum candidum

Note: Genus name is always capitalized, species is never • capitalized. Scientific names may not be uniform around the world • Changes in old familiar names may occur • * William Roxburgh Names are sometimes long made up of unusual or unfamiliar syllables.

Nerium oleander Pronunciations

Eucalyptus • Follow guidelines for Latin or Greek • Use frequently used pronunciation o Caesalpinia pulcherrima o Dodonaea viscosa • Give it your best shot! • Do not get into arguments over ‘correct’ pronunciation • To hear pronunciations of names on the plant list, visit Acacia google. Common Names Common Names can be Confusing and Misleading • They are the names known and familiar to most people. o Yew pine – Podocarpus macrophyllus • They are usually simple and relatively easy to remember, using words in common use. • Neither a yew nor a pine For example; desert ironwood or olive. o Evergreen Elm – Ulmus parvifolia, • They are often descriptive of the plant. Such as desert willow or yellow bells. • Is not totally evergreen in central Arizona o Bird-of-Paradise – Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Strelitzia regina

Bird-of-Paradise

Plant Groupings other than Species Hybrids Cross of three Parkinsonia • A hybrid is the offspring of different varieties, species: species or genera. (Parkinsonia aculeata x o xChitalpa tashkentensis is an inter-generic hybrid cross P. microphyllum) x P. florida between Chilopsis linearis and Catalpa bignonoides Thornless Palo Verde • A variety (var.)is a natural variation within a species. • Pennisetum setaceum var. cupreum • A cultivar is selected and grown by humans, a Cross of two genera: cultivated variety. Chilopsis linearis x Catalpa o Dodonaea viscosa `Purpurea’ bignoniodes Chitalpa

Dodonaea viscosaa `Purpurea’ Pennisetum setaceumm var.r. cupreum Purple Hopseed Bush Purple Fountain Grass Dodonaea viscosa `Purpurea’

Genus species Cultivar Capitalized not capitalized Capitalized `with single quotes’ First Steps Plant Morphology 1. Understand that plants have a unique set of identifiable characters and characteristics. • The study of the physical form and external structure of plants. 2. Identify the unique set of observable characteristics that • Plant anatomy is the study of the internal structure may be associated with a specific plant species. of plants, especially at the microscopic level.

3. Practice applying these characteristics to plants in the landscape.

4. Determine a means of associating these characteristics with the plant name.

5. Practice the spelling and pronunciation of each plant name. Repetition is essential to success.

Leaves Simple Leaves

Leaves come in many shapes and sizes!

Midvein Lateral vein Petiole Ļ Ļ Ļ Ļ ĸApex or tip Ĺ Marginĺ ĸBlade

Compound Leaves Pinnately compound leaf Palmately compound leaf

Rachis Twice pinnately compound leaf Ļ Rachis Petiole ĸLeaflet Ļ Ļ Ļ Ļ Winged petioles and Leaf Venation rachises

Venation is the pattern of vascular tissues in the blade of a leaf. Vascular tissues are important for the transport of water, dissolved minerals and sugar.

Pinnately-Veined Simple Leaves A, B, C: Pinnately-veined simple leaves

D: Pinnately-Veined Compound Leaf

E, F: Palmately-veined Compound Leaves Palmately -Veined Simple Leaves

Leaf Surfaces Parallel There are six common leaf surfaces Veination Glabrous Pubescent Tomentose Pubescent Scabrous Glaucous Rugose

Palmately-Veined Compound Leaf Tomentose

Once-Compound Twice-Compound Pinnately-Veined Glabrous Pinnately-Veined Leaf Leaf Leaf (leaflet) margin Entire, undulate (wavy) Crenate, serrate, dentate

Scabrous

Rugose

Glaucous

Doubly Serrate Stem Terminology Crenate Node – point of leaf attachment on a stem, often swollen.

Internode—part of stem between the nodes.

Serrate Bud – site of potential growth; leaf, flower, stem.

Axil – angle formed by the juncture of a leaf and a Blade Lateral stem stem. Undulate

Leaf Arrangement Opposite leaf arrangement Leaf arrangement is the Lenticels – one of many raised number of leaves per node. pores in the stem of a woody plant that allows gas exchange between the atmosphere and the internal tissues.

Bud Stipules – Paired leaf parts at a leaf base.

Whorled leaf arrangement

Alternate leaf arrangement Plants armed with thorns, spines or prickles Flower Morphology A spine is a modified leaf. Parts of a flower: Sepals - functions as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. Petals - modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. A thorn is a Stamen – Flower part producing pollen modified stem Pistil - Flower part containing potential seeds, part from which the fruit develops.

A prickle is an outgrowth from the epidermis or bark

1 A special thank you:

• Some photos and some text shared by: Dr. Chris Martin, Professor of Sustainable Horticulture at Arizona State University

• Beth Postma, All Season Wholesale Growers • Jackie Lyle, Civano Growers • Jeff Payne, Boyce Thompson Arboretum

• Kasey Billingsley, Harmony Horticultural Consulting • Shannon Scott, AAA Landscape  ǣ 

2 3 Scientific/Botanical Names Acacia aneuraa / Mulga

These two together identify the plant. Genus: Acacia This is the binomial system of nomenclature developed by Carl von species: aneura Linné 250 years ago. (1707-1778)

Genus and species are two taxonomic rankings (groupings) of the biological classification of organisms. Species is the fundamental taxonomic rank, containing a group of closely-      related organisms, interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. A genus is a closely-related group of several species. 4 Stems Simple leaf – petiole and blade Compound leaf – primary and Midvein Leaves secondary leaflets Node – point of leaf attachment on a Lateral vein Rachis stem, often swollen ↓ ↓ Petiole Petiole Internode—part of stem between the ↓ Leaflet ↓ ← ↓ ←Apex or tip ↓ nodes ↓ ↓ ↑ Bud – site of potential growth: leaf, Margin→ ↑ Blade flower, stem Venation is the pattern of vascular Axil – angle formed by the juncture tissues in the blade of a leaf. of a leaf and a stem Vascular tissues are important for the transport of water, dissolved minerals and sugar. Leaf arrangement is the number of There are six common leaf surfaces: Glabrous, leaves per node Pubescent, Tomentose, Scabrous, Leaf (leaflet) margin: Plants may be armed with Glaucous, Entire, undulate (wavy) thorns, spines or prickles Rugose Crenate, serrate, dentate

6 7 Tree AcaciaAcaAcacccia ananeura A tree is a perennial plant with an elongated trunk, Mulga supporting branches and leaves. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are some three trillion mature trees in the world. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. Wikipedia

8 9 AcaciaAcacia salicina Weeping Acacia

Acacia farnesiana

Sweet Acacia

Formerly known as Vachelia farnesiana AcaciaAcaacia stenophylla 10 Caesalpinia mexicana 11 Shoestring Acacia Mexican Bird of Paradise

xChitalpa tashkentensis ChilopsisChilopsis linearis Chitalpa Desert Willow 12 13

14 15 Corymbia pappapuana Dalbergia sissoo Ghost Gum Indian Rosewood,R Sissoo Eucalyptus microtheca 16 17 Coolibah EucalyptusEucalyptuyptuptuuss spathulata Narroww-leaf Gimlet

19 18 FraxinusFraxinus velutinavelut FicusFicucus microcarpamicroc Arizona Ash varvarar. nitidanin tida Indian Laurel Fig

21 Fraxinus velutinavelut 20 Jacaranda mmimosifolia Arizona Ash Jacaranda Mariosousa willardianaw Melaleuca viminaliviminaliss Palo Blanco Weeping Bottlebrush

Olneya tesota 24 25 Desert Ironwood Olea euroeuropaeapaea Common Olive

26 27 Parkinsonia floridaflorid ParkinsoniaParkinson Blue Palo Verde hybrids Parkinsonia microphymicrophylla 28 ParkinsoniaParkinsonia praecox 29 Foothills Palo Verde Palo Brea

30 31 Pine Morphology Pinus brutiaa var.v r. eldarica Afghan Pine Leaves of pines are called needles. Needles occur in bundles called fascicles. There may be one to five needles per fascicle. The sheath is a paper-like covering at the base of the fascicle.

Fascicle

Sheath

Pinus halepensishalepens 32 33 Aleppo Pine

Pistacia chinensis Chinese Pistache 34 35 Prosopis chilensis Prosopis glandulosglandulosa Chilean Mesquite Honey Mesquite

36 37 Prosopis hybrids Prosopis hybrids South AmeAmerican South AmericanAme Mesquite Mesquite

38 39 Prosopis velutina Velvet Mesquite or Quercus virginianavvirg Arizona Mesquite Southernn ‹˜‡ƒ 41 Sophora secundiflora 40 Tipuana tipu Texas Mountain Laurel, Tipu Tree Mescal Bean

Ulmus parvifoliparvifolia 42 43 Chinese Elm Vitex agnuagnususs-castuscastusa Lilac Chaste Tree

57 PALMS A group of perennial flowering plants in the monocot order Arecales. Currently 181 genera with around 2,600 species are known, most of them restricted to tropical and subtropical climates. Most palms are distinguished by their large, evergreen leaves, known as fronds, arranged at the top of an unbranched stem. Palms exhibit an enormous diversity in physical characteristics and inhabit nearly every type of habitat within their range, from rainforests to deserts. Palms are among the best known and most extensively cultivated plant families. They have been important to humans throughout much of history. Many common products and foods are derived from palms. In contemporary times, palms are also widely PLANT ID: used in landscaping, making them one of the most economically important plants. Wikipedia PALMS AND PALM-LIKE PLANTS Palm Morphology 58 59 • Palms are typically grouped in two ways: the types of leaves Chamaerops humilis (called fronds) and height at maturity. Mediterranean Fan Palm • Types of fronds: • Feather palms have fronds that are pinnate in form. • Fan palms have fronds that are palmate in form. • Height at maturity: • Palms greater than twenty feet in height are called standard palms. • Palms that are under twenty feet in height are called dwarf palms.

Feather Palms

Fan Palms

60 61 Cycas revoluta Phoenix canariensis Sago Palm Canary Island Date Palm

Phoenix dactylifera 62 63 Common Date Palm Phoenix roebelenii Pigmy Date Palm 64 656 Washingtonia filifera Washingtonia robusta California Fan Palm Mexican Fan Palm

66 67

California Fan Palm Mexican Fan Palm

Never do this to any plant!

68 Vines & Groundcovers A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing, climbing stems typically in need of supports for growth. A vine may use a variety of climbing methods such as twining, adventitious roots, tendrils or hooked structures. A groundcover is any plant that grows over an area of ground. Groundcover provides protection of the topsoil from erosion and drought. In an ecosystem, the ground cover forms the layer of vegetation below the shrub layer. The most common groundcovers are grasses of various types. The term groundcover could also refer to “the herbaceous layer,” “regenerative layer", “ground flora” or "step over.” In agriculture, ground cover refers to anything that lies on top of PLANT ID: the soil and protects it from erosion and inhibits weeds. VINES AND GROUNDCOVERS In gardening, the term groundcover refers to plants that are used in place of weeds and improves appearance by concealing bare earth. •71 Bignonia capreolataca Crossvine

72 Bougainvillea sppspp. BougainvilleaBougainvillleeae sspp.pp Bougainvillea Bougainvillea

74 Dolichandra unguis cati Cat’s Claw Vine Dolichandra unguis cati Cat’s Claw Vine Eremophila glabra ‘Outback Sunrise’ 76 Outback Sunrise Emu Ficus pumila Creeping Fig

Lantana montevidensis Ficus pumila Purple Trailing Lantana Creeping Fig L. montevidensis ‘A l b a ’ White Trailing Lantana

Myoporum parvifolium 79 Trailing Myoporum

PLANT ID: SHRUBS & FLOWERING PERENNIALS 80 81 Shrubs & Flowering Perennials Caesalpinia cacalaco Cascalote A shrub is a woody plant with several persistent woody perennial stems that may be upright or may lay close to the ground and will usually have a height less than 13 feet and stems no more than three inches in diameter. Shrubs can be deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple stems and shorter height, less than 6 m-10 m (20 ft–33 ft) tall. Small shrubs, less than 2 m (6.6 ft) tall are sometimes termed subshrubs.

A flowering perennial is a plant that persists for many growing seasons, cycling in and out of flowering and fruiting, with a few exceptions. In herbaceous perennials, the tops may die back each winter and regrow the following spring.

Caesalpinia gilliesii 82 Yellow Bird of Paradise Caesalpinia pulcherrima Red Bird of Paradise

‘Phoenix Bird’

85 Calliandra californica Calliandra eriophylla Red Fairy Duster, Pink Fairy Duster Baja Fairy Duster 86 87 Carissa macrocarpa Chrysactinia mexicana Natal Plum Damianita Bifurcate thorns

Convolvulus cneorum Dodonaea viscosa Bush Morning Glory Hopseed Bush

Dodonaea viscosa ‘Saratoga’

Eremophila maculata Emu Bush Encelia farinosa Brittle Bush Eremophila spp. Justicia californica Chuparosa

Eremophila racemosa Easter Egg Bush Eremophila hygrophana Blue Bells™ Eremophila hygrophana Purple Flowering Emu Bush

Eremophila x Summertime Blue™ Summertime Blue Emu Bush

Lantana spp. Justicia spicigera Lantana hybrid Mexican Honeysuckle

Larrea tridentata Leucophyllum candidum Creosote Silver Leaf Sage Leucophyllum frutescens Leucophyllum laevigatum Texas Sage Chihuahuan Sage

L. f. ‘Green Cloud’

L. f. ‘White Cloud’

100 Melaleuca viminalis ‘Little John’

Leucophyllum laevigatum

Leucophyllum frutescens

Nerium oleander Rosmarinus officinalis Oleander Rosemary

Oleander scorch Ruellia peninsularis Ruellia brittoniana Baja Ruellia Purple Ruellia

‘Blanca’ (white)

‘Katie’ (purple)

‘Chihi Chihi’ (pink)

Senna artemisioides x artemisioides Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Feathery Senna, Feathery Cassia Outback Senna, Outback Cassia

Simmondsia chinensis Tecoma fulva Jojoba subsp. guarume Orange Bells Tecoma stans Tetraneuris acaulis Yellow Bells Angelita Daisy

130 131 Succulents & Grasses A succulent is a plant with parts (typically modified leaves, stems and/or roots) that may be thickened, fleshy or engorged to retain water in arid climates or soil conditions. The term succulent is not used as a scientific definition but is commonly used as a horticultural term; fleshy. Grasses are monocotyledonous flowering plants with parallel veins, that may be annual or perennial herbs. Grasses include cereal grains, bamboos, the grasses of natural grasslands and species cultivated in lawns and pastures. Grasses have stems that are hollow except at the nodes and narrow alternate leaves borne in two ranks. The PLANT ID: lower part of each leaf encloses the stem, forming a leaf- SUCCULENTS & GRASSES sheath. The leaf grows from the base of the blade, an adaptation allowing it to cope with frequent grazing.

Agave angustifolia Agave americana var. marginata Pacific Agave, Century Plant Caribbean Agave Maguey Lechugilla

A. a. var. mediopicta Center-Strip Agave

A. a. var. marginata Variegated Century Plant Agave desmettiana Agave geminiflora Twin-flowered Smooth Agave Agave

137 Agave vilmoriniana Aloe barbadensis Octopus Agave Medicinal Aloe

Carnegiea gigantea Saguaro 8 138 13 1 Cylindropuntia bigelovii Teddy Bear Cholla Echinocactus grusonii Dasylirion wheeleri Golden Barrel Sotol, Desert Spoon

Do not do this!

Euphorbia tirucalli ‘Rosea’ Firesticks Euphobia antisyphilitica Candelilla

Fouquieria splendens Ocotillo Hesperaloe funifera Giant Hesperaloe Muhlenbergia capillaris ‘Regal Mist’ Hesperaloe parviflora Pink Muhly Red Yucca

Never do this!

Opuntia englemannii Englemann’s prickly pear Opuntia spp. Muhlenbergia rigens Prickly Pear Deer Grass

Opuntia ficus indica spineless cactus Opuntia violacea ‘Santa Rita’ Never do this! Santa Rita prickly pear

Pennisetum setaceum var. Stenocereus marginatus cupreum Mexican Fence Post Purple Fountain Grass

Pennisetum setaceum Considered invasive Yucca recurvifolia Yucca elata Curve Leaf Yucca Soap Tree Yucca