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Copyright by Maria Andrea Contreras 2005 Copyright by Maria Andrea Contreras 2005 The Dissertation Committee for Maria Andrea Contreras Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNANCE DIMENSIONS OF TWO SELECTED COLOMBIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS Committee: Marta N. Ovando, Supervisor Marilyn Kameen James Duncan Michael Thomas Orlando Kelm HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNANCE DIMENSIONS OF TWO SELECTED COLOMBIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS by Maria Andrea Contreras M.V. M.D.U Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education The University of Texas at Austin August, 2005 Dedication To my daughter Maria Juliana, my son Mateo, my husband Eliseo and my parents Nelson and Alicia Acknowledgements I wish to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the people who helped me realize my dream of getting a Doctoral Degree in Education. First, I would like to thank Dr. Jim Duncan, who gave me the opportunity and much encouragement along the way. I would also like to thank Dr. Lasher and Dr. Kameen, who made it possible for me to be accepted into the program. I am especially grateful to Dr. Ovando, my mentor, who has given me so much of her time and advice during the long research process, and then helped me pull it all together. I owe sincere gratitude to my honorable committee members who read draft chapters and provided many valuable comments and suggestions: Dr. Maryleen Kameen, Jim Duncan, Orlando Kelm, and Mike Thomas. I would like to thank to the University of Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A. and his Rector, German Anzola Montero for allowing me to spend many, many long hours there studying; also Ovidio Oudjian Bernard and Luis Enrique Nieto from the University of Rosario, and the helpful people in the Historical Archive of the National University who furnished me with some very valuable sources for this research. I would also like to thank my beloved teachers, friends, and my editor, Ann Derrick, for her patience and understanding during the long editing process. My eternal gratitude and love goes to my family; my husband Eliseo, my daughter Maria Juliana, and my son Mateo, for their love, support and v understanding, and for the many sacrifices they have made for me over the years of study. To my father Nelson, who gave me encouragement; to my mother Alicia, my sisters Luisa Fernanda and Carmen Alicia, my father-in-law Gonzalo, and my mother-in-law Martha – your care, support and constancy throughout this long process means everything to me. vi HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZATION AND GOVERNANCE DIMENSIONS OF TWO SELECTED COLOMBIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS Publication No._____________ Maria Andrea Contreras. EdD The University of Texas at Austin, 2005 Supervisor: Marta N. Ovando The aim of this study was to establish the evolution of the organization and governance dimensions of two Colombian higher education Institutions; included one public (National University of Colombia) and one private (Great College of Nuestra Señora del Rosario) as the representation of Colombian universities that will help to illustrate the evolution of higher education specifically from these two aspects. Three questions were proposed to guide this historical research: (1) How have the organization and governance dimensions of higher education evolved in two selected higher education institutions of Colombia?, (2) What characteristics of the Spanish and French models are reflected in the organization and governance dimensions of private and public higher education institutions?, and (3) What are vii the differences and similarities of the organization and governance dimensions between public and private Colombian higher education institutions as reflected by two case examples? The findings show that the organization and governance dimensions of the Great College of Nuestra Señora del Rosario and the National University of Colombia have their genesis in the medieval university model, which instituted the use of contemporary titles such as Rector, Vice-Rector (Provost), and Dean among others. Through the influence of the medieval university, each higher education institution evolved through a complicated process derived from the historical development of the societal, economic, political, and educational evolution of the country, from since its conquest to the present day. In addition, certain aspects of the university organization and governance reflected the Spanish and French models. However, the researcher also discovered the influence of other higher education models, such as the American and German ones. Finally, both higher education institutions have similar organizational structures to the other higher education institutions of Colombia and the rest of the world. Most of the positions and governmental bodies have similar duties and responsibilities; however, the most important difference between the university and the college, which was the focus of the study, was the way these offices were set up within each organizational chart according to the historical time of each viii institution. The expansion of each higher education institution caused that each one become more complex, making it necessary to add more offices in order to respond to the challenges that they faced. ix Table of Contents List of Tables......................................................................................................xxiii List of Figures ....................................................................................................xxvi List of Exhibits.................................................................................................xxviii CHAPTER 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Brief description of Colombia........................................................................ 7 Rationale for the study ................................................................................. 10 Statement of the Problem ............................................................................. 12 Purpose of The Study ................................................................................... 13 Research Questions ...................................................................................... 13 Methodology ................................................................................................ 14 Significance of the Study ............................................................................. 15 Delimitations ................................................................................................ 16 Limitations ................................................................................................... 17 Organization of The Study ........................................................................... 18 CHAPTER 2 Review of the Literature........................................................................................ 20 Historical Evolution of Higher Education.................................................... 20 Period I: Colonial University (1580-1819): ........................................ 21 Historical Context ...................................................................... 22 Exploration and Conquest .......................................................... 22 Social Context ............................................................................ 23 Administration Structure............................................................ 24 Economic Context...................................................................... 25 x Religious Context....................................................................... 25 Political Context......................................................................... 27 Institutions.................................................................................. 29 University of Santo Tomás of Aquino ....................................... 32 Pontific University Xaveriana.................................................... 34 University of San Nicolás de Bari.............................................. 35 Great College of San Bartolomé ................................................ 35 The Great College of Nuestra Señora del Rosario ..................... 36 The Great College of San Buenaventura.................................... 37 College-Seminar San Francisco of Popayán:............................. 38 College of Antioquia .................................................................. 38 Students ...................................................................................... 39 Access......................................................................................... 39 Classification of Students........................................................... 40 Academic Degrees...................................................................... 41 Faculty........................................................................................ 42 Period II: Republican University (1819-1842): .................................. 44 Historical Context ...................................................................... 46 Political Context........................................................................
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