George Soros Nailed in Dope Banking
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Organized Crime and Terrorist Activity in Mexico, 1999-2002
ORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORIST ACTIVITY IN MEXICO, 1999-2002 A Report Prepared by the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress under an Interagency Agreement with the United States Government February 2003 Researcher: Ramón J. Miró Project Manager: Glenn E. Curtis Federal Research Division Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 20540−4840 Tel: 202−707−3900 Fax: 202−707−3920 E-Mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://loc.gov/rr/frd/ Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Criminal and Terrorist Activity in Mexico PREFACE This study is based on open source research into the scope of organized crime and terrorist activity in the Republic of Mexico during the period 1999 to 2002, and the extent of cooperation and possible overlap between criminal and terrorist activity in that country. The analyst examined those organized crime syndicates that direct their criminal activities at the United States, namely Mexican narcotics trafficking and human smuggling networks, as well as a range of smaller organizations that specialize in trans-border crime. The presence in Mexico of transnational criminal organizations, such as Russian and Asian organized crime, was also examined. In order to assess the extent of terrorist activity in Mexico, several of the country’s domestic guerrilla groups, as well as foreign terrorist organizations believed to have a presence in Mexico, are described. The report extensively cites from Spanish-language print media sources that contain coverage of criminal and terrorist organizations and their activities in Mexico. -
The Changing Face of Colombian Organized Crime
PERSPECTIVAS 9/2014 The Changing Face of Colombian Organized Crime Jeremy McDermott ■ Colombian organized crime, that once ran, unchallenged, the world’s co- caine trade, today appears to be little more than a supplier to the Mexican cartels. Yet in the last ten years Colombian organized crime has undergone a profound metamorphosis. There are profound differences between the Medellin and Cali cartels and today’s BACRIM. ■ The diminishing returns in moving cocaine to the US and the Mexican domi- nation of this market have led to a rapid adaptation by Colombian groups that have diversified their criminal portfolios to make up the shortfall in cocaine earnings, and are exploiting new markets and diversifying routes to non-US destinations. The development of domestic consumption of co- caine and its derivatives in some Latin American countries has prompted Colombian organized crime to establish permanent presence and structures abroad. ■ This changes in the dynamics of organized crime in Colombia also changed the structure of the groups involved in it. Today the fundamental unit of the criminal networks that form the BACRIM is the “oficina de cobro”, usually a financially self-sufficient node, part of a network that functions like a franchise. In this new scenario, cooperation and negotiation are preferred to violence, which is bad for business. ■ Colombian organized crime has proven itself not only resilient but extremely quick to adapt to changing conditions. The likelihood is that Colombian organized crime will continue the diversification -
Constructing Andean Utopia in Evo Morales's Bolivia
UCC Library and UCC researchers have made this item openly available. Please let us know how this has helped you. Thanks! Title Comparative indigeneities in contemporary Latin America: an analysis of ethnopolitics in Mexico and Bolivia Author(s) Warfield, Cian Publication date 2020 Original citation Warfield, C. 2020. Comparative indigeneities in contemporary Latin America: an analysis of ethnopolitics in Mexico and Bolivia. PhD Thesis, University College Cork. Type of publication Doctoral thesis Rights © 2020, Cian Warfield. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Item downloaded http://hdl.handle.net/10468/10551 from Downloaded on 2021-10-09T12:31:58Z Ollscoil na hÉireann, Corcaigh National University of Ireland, Cork Comparative Indigeneities in Contemporary Latin America: Analysis of Ethnopolitics in Mexico and Bolivia Thesis presented by Cian Warfield, BA, M.Res for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University College Cork Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies Head of Department: Professor Nuala Finnegan Supervisor: Professor Nuala Finnegan 2020 Contents Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………………………………………03 Abstract………………………….……………………………………………….………………………………………….06 Introduction…………………………..……………………………………………………………..…………………..08 Chapter One Tierra y Libertad: The Zapatista Movement and the Struggle for Ethnoterritoriality in Mexico ……………………………………………………………….………………………………..……………………..54 Chapter Two The Struggle for Rural and Urban Ethnoterritoriality in Evo Morales’s Bolivia: The 2011 TIPNIS Controversy -
Organised Crime Around the World
European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control, affiliated with the United Nations (HEUNI) P.O.Box 161, FIN-00131 Helsinki Finland Publication Series No. 31 ORGANISED CRIME AROUND THE WORLD Sabrina Adamoli Andrea Di Nicola Ernesto U. Savona and Paola Zoffi Helsinki 1998 Copiescanbepurchasedfrom: AcademicBookstore CriminalJusticePress P.O.Box128 P.O.Box249 FIN-00101 Helsinki Monsey,NewYork10952 Finland USA ISBN951-53-1746-0 ISSN 1237-4741 Pagelayout:DTPageOy,Helsinki,Finland PrintedbyTammer-PainoOy,Tampere,Finland,1998 Foreword The spread of organized crime around the world has stimulated considerable national and international action. Much of this action has emerged only over the last few years. The tools to be used in responding to the challenges posed by organized crime are still being tested. One of the difficulties in designing effective countermeasures has been a lack of information on what organized crime actually is, and on what measures have proven effective elsewhere. Furthermore, international dis- cussion is often hampered by the murkiness of the definition of organized crime; while some may be speaking about drug trafficking, others are talking about trafficking in migrants, and still others about racketeering or corrup- tion. This report describes recent trends in organized crime and in national and international countermeasures around the world. In doing so, it provides the necessary basis for a rational discussion of the many manifestations of organized crime, and of what action should be undertaken. The report is based on numerous studies, official reports and news reports. Given the broad topic and the rapidly changing nature of organized crime, the report does not seek to be exhaustive. -
Redalyc.Drogas, Soberanía Nacional Y Legitimidad Democrática
Revista de Estudios Sociales ISSN: 0123-885X [email protected] Universidad de Los Andes Colombia Greiff, Pablo de Drogas, soberanía nacional y legitimidad democrática Revista de Estudios Sociales, núm. 8, enero, 2001, p. 0 Universidad de Los Andes Bogotá, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=81500804 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto DROGAS, SOBERANÍA NACIONAL Y o transformar radicalmente el orden legal LEGITIMIDAD DEMOCRÁTICA * responsable de la creación de incentivos económicos virtualmente irresistibles en el negocio Pablo de Greiff** de las drogas. En contraste con los otros autores en este volumen, ¿Es justa la política de Estados unidos? estoy interesado en la cuestión de la justicia de la política antinarcóticos de los Estados Unidos desde El curso del debate actual sobre la equidad de la una perspectiva internacional. La mayoría de los política de los Estados Unidos sobre las drogas ensayos precedentes examina si esa política es suministra pocas razones para pensar que la justa para los ciudadanos dentro de una sociedad cuestión de justicia puede ser decidida apelando liberal particular, es decir, la de los Estados Unidos. sólo a consideraciones concernientes a la El enfoque de mi ensayo es más bien el de si la distribución equitativa de las cargas y los política estadunidense sobre las drogas es justa beneficios. Por años, este debate ha estado para aquellos cuyas vidas son afectadas por la marcado por infructuosas recriminaciones más que legislación antidrogas de los Estados Unidos más por pensamientos claros. -
Gutierrez-Cancino Plea / Sentencing
United States Attorney Southern District of New York FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: U.S. ATTORNEY’S OFFICE MAY 11, 2007 YUSILL SCRIBNER REBEKAH CARMICHAEL PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE (212) 637-2600 CALI CARTEL FRONT MAN PLEADS GUILTY AND IS SENTENCED ON MONEY LAUNDERING CHARGES MICHAEL J. GARCIA, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, JOHN P. GILBRIDE, the Special Agent-in-Charge of the New York Division of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration ("DEA"), and ADAM J. SZUBIN, the Director of the United States Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC"), announced today the guilty plea and sentencing of FERNANDO GUTIERREZ-CANCINO -- a key participant in the Cali Cartel’s efforts to launder its vast cocaine proceeds -- on money-laundering charges. GUTIERREZ-CANCINO was extradited from Spain to the Southern District of New York in March 2005. According to the Indictment, filed in Manhattan federal court, other court documents, and GUTIERREZ-CANCINO's guilty plea and sentencing proceedings: GILBERTO RODRIGUEZ-OREJUELA and MIGUEL ANGEL RODRIGUEZ OREJUELA, co-defendants of GUTIERREZ-CANCINO, once controlled a powerful Colombian narcotics-trafficking organization based in Cali, Colombia (the “Cali Cartel”). The Cali Cartel was involved in all aspects of the cocaine trade, including production, transportation, wholesale distribution, and money laundering. Between in or about 1982 and 1995, the Cali Cartel transported and sold tens of thousands of kilograms of cocaine and ultimately amassed an illicit fortune worth in excess of $1 billion. In order to hide the Cali Cartel fortune from law enforcement detection and seizure, GILBERTO RODRIGUEZ-OREJUELA, MIGUEL ANGEL RODRIGUEZ-OREJUELA, and GUTIERREZ-CANCINO invested the illicit fortune of the Cali Cartel in ostensibly legitimate companies, including companies involved in the production and sale of pharmaceutical drugs. -
Colombia: Government Accepts Escobar's Terms, but Prepared to Capture Him If He Doesn't Surrender Erika Harding
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiSur Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 3-23-1993 Colombia: Government Accepts Escobar's Terms, But Prepared To Capture Him If He Doesn't Surrender Erika Harding Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur Recommended Citation Harding, Erika. "Colombia: Government Accepts Escobar's Terms, But Prepared To Capture Him If He Doesn't Surrender." (1993). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur/10874 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiSur by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 057862 ISSN: 1060-4189 Colombia: Government Accepts Escobar's Terms, But Prepared To Capture Him If He Doesn't Surrender by Erika Harding Category/Department: General Published: Tuesday, March 23, 1993 Since Medellin Cartel chief Pablo Escobar's escape from prison in July 1992, the government has repeatedly vowed it would not accept any conditions for his surrender. On March 17, however, Attorney General Gustavo de Greiff told reporters in Bogota that several requests made by Escobar recently would be granted: Escobar will be given his own kitchen facilities (to protect against poisoning), a telephone line to call his family three times per week, and government protection for his family. In exchange, Escobar must immediately surrender to authorities. De Greiff said these were not "conditions," but rather "opinions on some minor things about prison conditions which I don't see much problem in granting, not as a concession but rather as a solution." However, De Greiff later added that he would prefer Escobar's capture rather than surrender. -
Guns and Violence: the Enduring Impact of Crack Cocaine Markets on Young Black Males*
GUNS AND VIOLENCE: THE ENDURING IMPACT OF CRACK COCAINE MARKETS ON YOUNG BLACK MALES* WILLIAM N. EVANS CRAIG GARTHWAITE TIMOTHY J. MOORE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PURDUE UNIVERSITY AND NBER, AND J-PAL AND NBER AND NBER December 2018 Abstract The emergence of crack cocaine markets in the 1980s brought a wave of violence to US cities that has repercussions today. Using cross-city variation in crack’s arrival and the experience of older cohorts, we estimate that the murder rate of young black males doubled soon after these markets were established, and that their rate was still 70 percent higher 17 years later. Using the fraction of gun-related suicides as a proxy for gun availability, we find that access to guns explains both the rise in young black males' murder rates after crack’s arrival and their elevated murder rates today. The authors wish to thank Michael Smith and Timothy Seida for excellent research assistance, and for seminar participants at Auburn University, Harvard University, Northwestern University, University of Georgia, University of Nebraska, Vanderbilt University, and University of Notre Dame for a number of helpful suggestions. Moore acknowledges financial support from an Australian Research Council fellowship (Discovery Early Career Research Award DE170100608). 0 1. Introduction Compared to other developed countries, the United States stands alone in its shockingly high murder rate. In 2015, the U.S. murder rate was 5.5 murders per 100,000 people, which is more than three times the rate of France, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and more than five times the rate of Italy, Germany and Spain.1 Despite being high relative to other developed countries, the U.S. -
Understanding the Deterioratin in US-Colombian Relations, 1995
UNDERSTANTING THE DETERIORATIN IN US-COLOMBIAN RELATIONS, 1995- 1997. CONFLICT AND COOPERATION IN THE WAR AGAINST DRUGS BY ALEXANDRA GUÁQUETA M. PHIL. THEIS SOMERVILLE COLLEGE, UNIVERISTY OF OXFORD APRIL, 1998 INTRODUCTION Colombia, unlike the majority of its Latin American and Caribbean neighbours, had a remarkable record of friendly relations with the United States throughout most of the twentieth century. However, this situation changed in 1995 when the U.S. downgraded Colombia's previous status of alliance in the war against illegal drugs by granting it a conditional certification (national interest waiver) on its performance in drug control.1 The drug certification is the annual process by which the U.S. evaluates other countries' accomplishments in drug control making foreign aid conditional to their degree of cooperation. It also involves economic sanctions when cooperation is deemed unsatisfactory. In 1996 and 1997 Bill Clinton's administration decertified Colombia completely. The media reported Colombia's 'Cuba-nisation' in Washington as U.S. policy makers became obsessed with isolating the Colombian president, Ernesto Samper.2 Colombia was officially branded as a 'threat to democracy' and to the U.S.3 1 See chapter 3 for detailed explanaition of certification. 2 Expression used by journalist Henry Raymount in Washington and quoted in El Tiempo, November 6, 1996, p. 11A. 3 U.S. Department of State, Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL), International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) 1997, Washington D.C., March 1997. p. xli. 1 Colombia and the U.S. quarrelled so severely that they perceived each other as enemies. 'Never before, had relations between the U.S. -
Trabajo De Grado
ACTUACIÓN DEL CONGRESO DE LA REPUBLICA DE COLOMBIA EN EL PERIODO PRESIDENCIAL 1994-1998, FRENTE A LA INFILTRACIÓN DE DINEROS DEL NARCOTRÁFICO EN LAS CAMPAÑAS POLÍTICAS MG. JULIÁN ESPINOSA ORTIZ [email protected] UNIVERSIDAD LA GRAN COLOMBIA FACULTAD DE DERECHO BOGOTÁ D.C. 2016 Tabla de Contenido Resumen ............................................................................................................................................ 4 Palabras Clave .............................................................................................................................. 4 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Keywords ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Introducción ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Línea de Investigación .................................................................................................................... 7 Antecedentes ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Antecedentes de la Investigación .................................................................................................. 7 Planteamiento Del Problema .................................................................................................... -
Entrega De Sueños
Edición 85 - Abril 2015 ISSN 1657 - 6829 RobandoRobando tierras:tierras: Pág. 28 Crónica gráfica Entrega de sueños El resguardo Nazareth (Leticia, Amazonas) fue el escenario de un mayor acercamiento entre la Fiscalía General de la Nación y los niños de la comunidad Tikuna. (Pág. 16). Fotografía: Leticia, Amazonas / Federico Barón tweets Hace 20 años... Comision de Búsqueda Encuentro de directores administrativos @ComisiondeBsque Día DDHH ratificamos Girón (Santander) fue el escenario del Encuentro de Directores Regionales y Seccionales nuestro compromiso por Administrativos de la Fiscalía, en el que se debatieron los alcances y dificultades que han tenido lograr un país sin desapari- los gerentes de la entidad. ciones forzadas. @FamiliaresCol @FiscaliaCol Fiesta navideña en el parque MININTERIOR Tres mil niños, hijos de funcionarios de la Seccional Cundinamarca, se reunieron en el Parque @MinInterior Jaime Duque de Bogotá, para disfrutar de una fiesta navideña organizada por el Fondo de Vivienda y Bienestar Social. Los menores recibieron bonos para reclamar un juguete en un almacén de la @MinInterior se reúne con @FiscaliaCol capital de la República. @DefensoriaCol para hablar sobre garantías de seguri- dad de defensores DD.HH Nuevo Fiscal General de la Nación El abogado santandereano Alfonso Valdivieso Sarmiento asumió como nuevo Fiscal General de la @FiscaliaCol: Fiscalía y Nación en reemplazo de Gustavo de Greiff. La asunción de este jurista, egresado de la Universidad ONU se unen en la lucha Javeriana y con varias especializaciones en temas económicos, permite consolidar el proyecto de contra la violencia sexual conformar una entidad que lleve con eficiencia la labor de investigar los crímenes en el país. -
Rumored Ties to Drug Barons Hinder Colombian President Samper's Credibility LADB Staff
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiSur Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 5-5-1995 Rumored Ties to Drug Barons Hinder Colombian President Samper's Credibility LADB Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur Recommended Citation LADB Staff. "Rumored Ties to Drug Barons Hinder Colombian President Samper's Credibility." (1995). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur/11904 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiSur by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 56121 ISSN: 1060-4189 Rumored Ties to Drug Barons Hinder Colombian President Samper's Credibility by LADB Staff Category/Department: Colombia Published: 1995-05-05 On April 28, President Ernesto Samper, who has been unable to shake allegations that his 1994 campaign received drug money, asked the attorney general to reopen the investigation of the charges in an effort to clear his name. Meanwhile, Samper's Partido Liberal (PL) is undergoing the worst crisis in its history as several senators and deputies are also under investigation by the attorney general's office for drug cartel ties. Samper asked Attorney General Alfonso Valdivieso to re- examine charges that the Cali cartel contributed millions of dollars to his campaign before the 1994 election (see NotiSur, 06/24/94 and 07/29/94). "New circumstances have arisen today and I have no qualms about the government reopening this investigation in the light of the new circumstances," said Samper.