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Nuclear in Canada NUCLEAR ENERGY a KEY PART of CANADA’S CLEAN and LOW-CARBON ENERGY MIX Uranium Mining & Milling

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Nuclear in Canada NUCLEAR ENERGY a KEY PART of CANADA’S CLEAN and LOW-CARBON ENERGY MIX Uranium Mining & Milling Nuclear in Canada NUCLEAR ENERGY A KEY PART OF CANADA’S CLEAN AND LOW-CARBON ENERGY MIX Uranium Mining & Milling . Nuclear electricity in Canada displaces over 50 million tonnes of GHG emissions annually. Electricity from Canadian uranium offsets more than 300 million tonnes of GHG emissions worldwide. Uranium Processing – Re ning, Conversion, and Fuel Fabrication Yellowcake is re ned at Blind River, Ontario, PELLETS to produce uranium trioxide. At Port Hope, Ontario, Nuclear Power Generation and Nuclear Science & uranium trioxide is At plants in southern Technology TUBES converted. URANIUM DIOXIDE Ontario, fuel pellets are UO2 is used to fuel CANDU loaded into tubes and U O UO URANIUM Waste Management & Long-term Management 3 8 3 nuclear reactors. assembled into fuel YUKON TRIOXIDE UO2 Port Radium YELLOWCAKE REFINING URANIUM bundles for FUEL BUNDLE Shutdown or Decommissioned Sites TRIOXIDE UF is exported for 6 CANDU reactors. UO enrichment and use Rayrock NUNAVUT 3 CONVERSION UF Inactive or Decommissioned Uranium Mines and 6 in foreign light water NORTHWEST TERRITORIES Tailings Sites URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE reactors. 25 cents 400 kg of COAL Beaverlodge, 2.6 barrels of OIL Gunnar, Lorado NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR McClean Lake = 3 Cluff Lake FUEL PELLET Rabbit Lake of the world’s 350 m of GAS BRITISH COLUMBIA Cigar Lake 20% McArthur River production of uranium is NVERSION Key Lake QUEBEC CO mined and milled in northern FU EL ALBERTA SASKATCHEWAN MANITOBA F Saskatchewan. AB G R University of IN IC ONTARIO P.E.I. IN A Saskatchewan The uranium mining F T E IO 19 CANDU reactors at Saskatchewan industry is the largest R N TRIUMF NEW BRUNSWICK Research Council NOVA SCOTIA private employer of Gentilly-1 & -2 Whiteshell Point Lepreau 4 nuclear power generating stations Rophton NPD Laboratories Indigenous people in CANDU REACTOR Chalk River Laboratories Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan th Elliot Lake Area globally in nuclear power capacity 7 Agnew Lake Deloro Port Hope, Port Granby G Western Waste Management Y Darlington U O N G Facility 3 8 I SUPPLYING N Pickering L O O OVER Douglas Point L $6 Billion I L At uranium mills, ore is processed I CANADA’S T The nuclear industry in Canada contributes $6 B O M A ELECTRICITY into concentrate: “Yellowcake”. N g and NEW BRUNSWICK (Point Lepreau) in Nu R s to the Canadian economy and provides 16% s cl H e e E c o ar C r N I P n E YELLOWCAKE E ONTARIO (Bruce, Pickering, Darlington) d T supported by a stable domestic supply chain in southern Ontario m u G u i s & n t 60,000 jobs R and across Canada r G a y E E r N I 30,000 30,000 W C U QUEBEC IN O N E planned investment over 15 years to extend the life of 10 reactors in Ontario M direct jobs indirect jobs P I $25 B M R C ONTARIO IU A S AN E R UR L A C E Leader in nuclear research and technology, exporting Canadian-developed CANDU reactor technology U L Chalk River Point Lepreau Start N C NUCLEAR SUPPLY CHAIN U (Quebec City-Windsor Corridor) Laboratories URANIUM ORE N Nuclear science has broad applications: materials testing, pharmacology, nuclear medicine, food and agriculture, wastewater treatment, École and environment protection. Blind River Polytechnique Peterborough Strong nuclear science and technology presence across Canada: 6 research reactors and a tokamak support R&D, and produce isotopes for Royal Military medical and industrial applications. Port Hope College Uranium fuels the world’s Coburg largest uranium T nuclear power plants. 2nd N Bruce Darlington E E producer in the world T Pickering M S Toronto E McMaster A G Radioactive waste is produced throughout the nuclear Canmet University W A fuel cycle and safely managed in licensed storage Reinforced Concrete Containers MATERIALS N in 2015 A facilities: $1.9 B M Surface Facilities Waste High-level waste - Nuclear fuel waste HLW Tailing Line Pumphouse Low and intermediate-level waste 87% exported for use in L&ILW foreign nuclear power reactors L Uranium mine and mill tailings waste 500 m Water O UMMT M N A G N - A TE GE RM Initiatives underway for long-term management of radioactive waste include: ME Pore Water NT . Deep geologic repositories – suitable for all waste categories; Collection System 13% used to fuel . Near-surface mounds – suitable for LLW and some ILW; and Multi-layer cover and Filter Material Canadian nuclear . Tailings management facilities – specially designed for taillings. Waste power reactors liner systems Tailings All in keeping with internationally accepted approaches and best practices DEEP GEOLOGIC REPOSITORY NEAR-SURFACE DISPOSAL FACILITY TAILINGS MANAGEMENT FACILITY © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Natural Resources, 2017 Governance Framework Nuclear Safety and Control Act Nuclear Fuel Waste Act Key Federal Legislation Nuclear Liability and Compensation Act Nuclear Energy Act Export and Import Permits Act Natural Resources Uranium Canada is the lead Nuclear Energy department on behalf of FEDERAL the Minister of Natural Nuclear Research and Development and Nuclear energy is under federal Resources. Science and Technology jurisdiction. Federal Nuclear Policy Other federal Civil Nuclear Liability departments also Radioactive Waste Management contribute to policy development. Policy Makers Canada’s 1996 Policy Framework on Radioactive Waste Key Policies Nuclear Non-Proliferation Policy Non-Resident Ownership Policy in the uranium mining sector Provinces choose approaches and technologies for electricity generation based on their natural endowments Electricity Supply and regional requirements. PROVINCIAL & TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION Provinces and territories have ownership over the natural Management of Exploration Production* resources and provincial grids that Natural Resources URANIUM lie within their boundaries. Mine Development* * Also regulated by the CNSC Safety Security The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) regulates Health the use of nuclear energy and materials to protect health, Environment safety, security and the environment; to implement Canada’s National international commitments on the peaceful use of nuclear Regulator energy; and to disseminate objective scienti c, technical and Regulates Nuclear Energy regulatory information to the public. Canadian Nuclear The CNSC is an independent administrative tribunal set up at Safety Commission Protect arm’s length from government. Cameco URANIUM COMPANIES Areva Bruce Power NUCLEAR ENERGY PRODUCERS Ontario Power Generation New Brunswick Power Atomic Energy of Canada Limited/Canadian Nuclear Laboratories NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Universities Federal & Provincial Laboratories Hospitals Nuclear Applications Industry Nuclear Sector Industry Consulting & Engineering NUCLEAR SUPPLY CHAIN Manufacturing Construction Services A number of companies stretching along the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor and in others locations across Canada Atomic Energy of Canada Limited MAJOR RADIOACTIVE Ontario Power Generation WASTE OWNERS Hydro-Québec Responsible for nancing and management of facilities required NB Power for the waste Uranium mining, milling and processing industry.
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