DOCSLIB.ORG

Marine Aquaculture in Maine: Understanding Diverse Perspectives and Interactions at Multiple Scales

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Marine Aquaculture in Maine: Understanding Diverse Perspectives and Interactions at Multiple Scales The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library 5-2021 Marine Aquaculture in Maine: Understanding Diverse Perspectives and Interactions at Multiple Scales Melissa L. Britsch University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Marine Biology Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Britsch, Melissa L., "Marine Aquaculture in Maine: Understanding Diverse Perspectives and Interactions at Multiple Scales" (2021). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3354. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3354 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MARINE AQUACULTURE IN MAINE: UNDERSTANDING DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES AND INTERACTIONS AT MULTIPLE SCALES By Melissa Linn Britsch B.S. Oregon State University, 2017 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Marine Biology & Marine Policy) The Graduate School The University of Maine May 2021 Advisory Committee: Heather Leslie, Associate Professor of Marine Sciences, Co-Advisor Joshua Stoll, Assistant Professor of Marine Policy, Co-Advisor Damian Brady, Associate Professor of Marine Sciences Christine Beitl, Associate Professor of Anthropology Copyright 2021 Melissa Linn Britsch ii MARINE AQUACULTURE IN MAINE: UNDERSTANDING DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES AND INTERACTIONS AT MULTIPLE SCALES By Melissa Linn Britsch Thesis Advisors: Dr. Heather Leslie & Dr. Joshua Stoll An Abstract of the Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Marine Biology & Marine Policy) May 2021 Coastal oceans are changing and experiencing increased use. The social and ecological benefits of healthy coastal oceans are well documented and include habitats for marine species, storm protection, and recreational opportunities (MEA, 2005). As the impacts of human activities are recognized, questions about how ocean spaces should be used are becoming more common. These questions are complex and involve many tradeoffs. Understanding the values people hold about uses, and how activities and ecosystems overlap, is critical for weighing tradeoffs and improving future management. I use the northeastern U.S. state of Maine to study human interactions with coastal oceans. Maine is biologically productive and hosts commercial fishing, aquaculture, tourism, and renewable energy industries. I explore perspectives about aquaculture development at a statewide scale (Chapter 1), and intersections among scientific literature, human activities, and ecosystems in two estuaries in midcoast Maine (Chapter 2). Understanding these small-scale interactions is important for improving local management and can also provide information for larger-scale conversations. In Chapter 1, I focus on Maine’s aquaculture industry. I use the Q method to describe perspectives about aquaculture held by people who are familiar with the industry, and areas of consensus and disagreement among them. I identified four perspectives: the Aquaculture Optimists, the Aquaculture Anchors, the Aquaculture Historian, and the Aquaculture Agnostics. These groups valued Maine’s marine economy and felt aquaculture could play a role, but disagreed about the scope of the industry and the distribution of benefits. They also had different perspectives about the role of local communities in siting aquaculture farms. Understanding perspectives can contribute to dialogue about the future of the aquaculture industry in Maine and globally. In Chapter 2, I review literature about the Damariscotta River Estuary (DRE) in midcoast Maine. The DRE hosts three research institutions and is heavily studied on diverse marine science-related topics. This literature review supports a participatory mapping project using local ecological knowledge to map the spatial overlaps of shellfish and human use activities in the DRE, as well as observed changes and their causes. Preliminary results from the mapping study are in Appendix E. In the literature review, I describe the publications, their themes, locations, and the years in which they were published. I discuss missing themes and compare our literature review themes to a preliminary analysis of the participatory mapping project interview data. This identifies knowledge gaps about the estuary and highlights areas for future research. The large amount of data provides a valuable baseline for documenting change over time and shows the value of examining literature at an estuary-wide scale. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have many people I would like to thank for their support and encouragement during my masters degrees. First, I would like to thank my advisors, Dr. Heather Leslie and Dr. Joshua Stoll, for giving me the opportunity to work with them as a graduate student and for supporting me during the last three years. I am grateful for the opportunities they have given me and for the opportunity to learn from them. I am also grateful to my labmates for their support and encouragement over the last three years, especially Marina Cucuzza and Sarah Risley, who were close collaborators for the research described in Chapter 3, Appendix E, and Appendix G. I want to thank Dana Morse for giving me my first introduction to Maine’s aquaculture industry and for teaching me so much about it – that context has been invaluable. I also want to thank everyone who is part of the Darling Marine Center community for their support and for making it such a wonderful place to work. I want to thank Randy Lackovic, the Darling Marine Center Librarian, for helping me find documents and for sharing his previous literature reviews about the Damariscotta River, which were incredibly helpful for identifying additional papers. I appreciate all of the people who helped design and test my two studies, including Dr. Marissa McMahan, Caitlin Cleaver, Dr. Chris Davis, Dr. Kate Beard-Tisdale, Dr. Tony Sutton, Gabby Hillyer, Sean O’Neill, Robbie Downs, Matt Lutkus, and Dr. Kara Pellowe. None of this would have been possible without my many study participants sharing their time and knowledge about Maine and its coastal economy and I have learned so much from them. Finally, I would like to thank my family and my partner, James Manahan, for their love and support through this process. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ iii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ x LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xi CHAPTERS 1. THESIS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Context .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research questions and thesis organization ............................................................... 2 2. DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES ON AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN MAINE ............................................................................................. 4 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Methods ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Aquaculture in Maine ......................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Q method: understanding perspectives on aquaculture development ................ 8 2.2.3 Research design .................................................................................................. 9 2.2.4 Research implementation ................................................................................. 10 2.2.5 Analysis ............................................................................................................ 11 2.2.5.1 Initial analysis ....................................................................................... 11 2.2.5.2 Secondary PCA .................................................................................... 13 2.3 Results .......................................................................................................................... 13 iv 2.3.1 Four perspectives on aquaculture development ............................................... 15 2.3.1.1 Aquaculture optimists ........................................................................... 15 2.3.1.2 Aquaculture anchors ............................................................................. 18 2.3.1.3 Aquaculture historian ........................................................................... 20 2.3.1.4 Aquaculture agnostics .......................................................................... 21 2.3.2 Areas of consensus and disagreement .............................................................. 22 2.4. Discussion & Conclusions ........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COUNTRY SECTION United States Fishery Products
    Validity date from COUNTRY United States 22/01/2021 00499 SECTION Fishery products Date of publication 28/07/2007 List in force Approval number Name City Regions Activities Remark Date of request 1000025102 GET SEAFOOD, INC. Winter Haven Florida PP 08/04/2013 1000025909 Fagan Alligator Products, Inc. Dade City Florida PP 1000084596 Sea-Trek Enterprises, Inc. East Greenwich Rhode Island PP O! 10/07/2008 1000112376 Pontchartrain Blue Crab Slidell Louisiana PP 14/04/2010 1000113172 Fishermen's Ice & Bait, Inc. Madeira Beach Florida PP 1000113708 Beck's Smokery Pompano Beach Florida PP 1000113902 Colorado Boxed Beef Co. Port Everglades Florida CS 16/11/2011 1000114005 D & D Seafood Corporation Marathon Florida PP 1000114027 BAMA SEA PRODUCTS St. Petersburg Florida PP 1000114048 Moon's Seafood Company W. Melbourne Florida PP O! 1000114049 Glanbia Performance Nutrition (Manufacturing), Inc., Florida Sunrise Florida PP 13/10/2017 Facility 1000114069 Placeres & Sons Seafood Hialeah Florida PP 1000114070 Webb's Seafood, Inc. Youngstown Florida PP 14/10/2009 1000114156 Cox's Wholesale Seafood, Inc. Tampa Florida PP 1000114170 Kings Seafood, Inc. Port Orange Florida PP 1 / 59 List in force Approval number Name City Regions Activities Remark Date of request 1000114326 Optimus, Inc. Dba Marky's Miami Florida PP 1000115645 AMERIQUAL FOODS LLC Evansville Indiana PP 06/02/2019 1000115810 Henriksen Fisheries, Inc Sister Bay Wisconsin PP 1000117125 RB Manufacturing LLC Salt Lake City Utah PP 08/01/2015 1000120312 Stauber Performance Ingredients, Inc. Florida New York PP 08/08/2019 1000120556 Plenus Group, Inc. Lowell Massachusetts PP 06/05/2008 1000120753 GARBO LOBSTER LLC Groton Connecticut PP 17/10/2016 1000121950 True World Foods, NY LLC Elizabeth New Jersey PP Aq 1000122358 Lamonica Fine Foods, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Saco River Saco & Biddeford, Maine
    Environmental Assessment Finding of No Significant Impact, and Section 404(b)(1) Evaluation for Maintenance Dredging DRAFT Saco River Saco & Biddeford, Maine US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS New England District March 2016 Draft Environmental Assessment: Saco River FNP DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT Section 404(b)(1) Evaluation Saco River Saco & Biddeford, Maine FEDERAL NAVIGATION PROJECT MAINTENANCE DREDGING March 2016 New England District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 696 Virginia Rd Concord, Massachusetts 01742-2751 Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 2.0 PROJECT HISTORY, NEED, AND AUTHORITY .......................................... 1 3.0 PROPOSED PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................... 3 4.0 ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................ 6 4.1 No Action Alternative ..................................................................................... 6 4.2 Maintaining Channel at Authorized Dimensions............................................. 6 4.3 Alternative Dredging Methods ........................................................................ 6 4.3.1 Hydraulic Cutterhead Dredge....................................................................... 7 4.3.2 Hopper Dredge ........................................................................................... 7 4.3.3 Mechanical Dredge ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Thailand's Shrimp Culture Growing
    Foreign Fishery Developments BURMA ':.. VIET­ ,' . .' NAM LAOS .............. Thailand's Shrimp ...... Culture Growing THAI LAND ,... ~samut Sangkhram :. ~amut Sakorn Pond cultivation ofblacktigerprawns, khlaarea. Songkhla's National Institute '. \ \ Bangkok........· Penaeus monodon, has brought sweep­ ofCoastal Aquaculture (NICA) has pro­ , ••~ Samut prokan ing economic change over the last2 years vided the technological foundation for the to the coastal areas of Songkhla and establishment of shrimp culture in this Nakhon Si Thammarat on the Malaysian area. Since 1982, NICA has operated a Peninsula (Fig. 1). Large, vertically inte­ large shrimp hatchery where wild brood grated aquaculture companies and small­ stock are reared on high-quality feeds in .... Gulf of () VIET­ scale rice farmers alike have invested optimum water temperature and salinity NAM heavily in the transformation of paddy conditions. The initial buyers ofNICA' s Thailand fields into semi-intensive ponds for shrimp postlarvae (pI) were small-scale Nakhon Si Thammarat shrimp raising. Theyhave alsodeveloped shrimp farmers surrounding Songkhla • Hua Sai Songkhla an impressive infrastructure ofelectrical Lake. .. Hot Yai and water supplies, feeder roads, shrimp Andaman hatcheries, shrimp nurseries, feed mills, Background Sea cold storage, and processing plants. Thailand's shrimp culture industry is Located within an hour's drive ofSong­ the fastest growing in Southeast Asia. In khla's new deep-waterport, the burgeon­ only 5 years, Thailand has outstripped its Figure 1.-Thailand and its major shrimp ing shrimp industry will have direct competitors to become the region's num­ culture area. access to international markets. Despite ber one producer. Thai shrimp harvests a price slump since May 1989, expansion in 1988 reached 55,000 metric tons (t), onall fronts-production, processingand a 320 percent increase over the 13,000 t marketing-continues at a feverish pace.
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Plan Vol. 1, Part 4
    Vol. I, 2009 Edgecomb Comprehensive Plan 24 PART 4 NATURAL RESOURCES CRITICAL NATURAL RESOURCES MAINE’S GROWTH MANAGEMENT GOAL To protect the state's other critical natural resources, including without limitation, wetlands, wildlife and fisheries habitat, sand dunes, shorelands, scenic vistas, and unique natural areas. TOWN VISION To protect Edgecomb’s critical natural resources within and surrounding Edgecomb’s privately- owned undeveloped and unfragmented lands; Edgecomb’s only great pond, Lily Pond; the town- owned Charles and Constance Schmid Land Preserve as well as Edgecomb’s tidal frontage and its scenic vistas. CITIZENS’ VIEW (SURVEY RESPONSE) ● 58%, or 205 respondents, choose to live in Edgecomb because of its proximity to water, clear skies and starry nights. ● 54%, or 177 respondents, enjoy the respect for privacy in Edgecomb. Unfragmented Parcels ● 71%, or 253 respondents, defined rural as (Source: Beginning with Habitat) “the bulk of our land remaining undeveloped, with large tracts of backland, fields and forests.” ● 28%, or 94 respondents, objected to forestry operations “in their back yard.” ● 54%, or 191 respondents, felt that nature preserves are an acceptable trade-off for lost tax revenue. CONDITIONS AND TRENDS The topography of the upper part of the peninsula comprising the Town of Edgecomb is typical of Maine coastline peninsulas. A gently rolling landscape of rocky, clay soil, remaining from land which was heavily wooded before clearing and settlement of the 18th century, is laid over a granite skeleton. A mixture of second and third growth woodland is broken by the pattern of open fields surviving from 18th and 19th century farms when agriculture and fishing were the major sources of livelihood for inhabitants.
    [Show full text]
  • Casco Bay Weekly : 13 July 1989
    Portland Public Library Portland Public Library Digital Commons Casco Bay Weekly (1989) Casco Bay Weekly 7-13-1989 Casco Bay Weekly : 13 July 1989 Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.portlandlibrary.com/cbw_1989 Recommended Citation "Casco Bay Weekly : 13 July 1989" (1989). Casco Bay Weekly (1989). 28. http://digitalcommons.portlandlibrary.com/cbw_1989/28 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Casco Bay Weekly at Portland Public Library Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Casco Bay Weekly (1989) by an authorized administrator of Portland Public Library Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Greater Portland's news and arts weekly JULY 13, 1989 FREE ... that don't make THE NEWS (OYER STOll by Kelly Nelson PHOTOS by Tonet! Harbert One night last April Michael Metevier got off work at midnight and headed over to Raoul's to hear some blues. An hour later he was cruising home, feeling good. His tune changed when he got home. His door was smashed open. The lock lay useless on the floor. The lights were -. glaring. "It was quite a bunch of mixed emotions - shock and being violated. I was kind of in a daze," says Metevier of finding his home burglarized. He didn't sleep well that night. He kept thinking that someone he didn't know had been in his home - and had stolen his telephone, answering machine, flashlight, calculator, candy dish, towel!! and electric shaver. You probably heard every gory detail of the four murders in the Portland area last year.
    [Show full text]
  • 1982 Maine River's Study Appendix H - Rivers with Historical Landmarks & Register Sites
    1982 Maine River's Study Appendix H - Rivers with Historical Landmarks & Register Sites HISTORI RIVER NAME HISTORIC SITE/PLACE C COUNTY LOCATION LINK Androscoggin River Pejepscot Paper Mill RHP Sagadahoc Topsham https://www.mainememory.net/sitebuilder/site/201/page/460/display Androscoggin River Barker Mill RHP Androscoggin Auburn https://tinyurl.com/y8wsy2a6 Bagaduce River Fort George RHP Hancock Castine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_George_(Castine,_Maine) Carrabasset River (Lemon Stream) New Portland Wire Bridge RHP Somerset New Portland http://www.maine.gov/mdot/historicbridges/otherbridges/wirebridge/index.shtml Damariscotta Oyster Shell Heaps (Whaleback) Damariscotta River RHP Lincoln Damariscotta http://tinyurl.com/m9vgk84 Kennebec Franklin Dead River Dead River Arnold Trail to Quebec RHP Somerset Chain of Ponds http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_Arnold%27s_expedition_to_Quebec Ellis River Lovejoy Bridge RHP Oxford South Andover http://www.maine.gov/mdot/historicbridges/coveredbridges/lovejoybridge/ Kenduskeag Stream Robyville Bridge RHP Penobscot Bangor http://www.maine.gov/mdot/historicbridges/coveredbridges/robyvillebridge/ Kenduskeag Stream Morse Bridge RHP Penobscot Bangor http://bangorinfo.com/Focus/focus_kenduskeag_stream.html Kennebec River Fort Baldwin RHP Sagadahoc Popham Beach http://www.maine.gov/cgi-bin/online/doc/parksearch/details.pl?park_id=86 Kennebec River Fort Popham RHP Sagadahoc Popham Beach http://www.fortwiki.com/Fort_Popham Percy and Small Shipyard Kennebec River Maritime Museum District* RHP Sagadahoc
    [Show full text]
  • Thursday, March 1, 2018
    THURSDAY, MARCH 1, 2018 8:45 AM Rockland Room Shellfish Focus Day 8:45 am Welcome and Overview of the Day 9:00 am Business Innovation and Education The Evolution of a Shellfish Farm Will highlight major milestones, how to approach problem solving that leads to innovation, and discussion of the role of stakeholder v. shareholder capitalism as it plays in defining Mook's Sea Farms mission. Pathways Program In 2017, Sumner Memorial High School, DMR, Downeast Institute, and shellfish committees in Steuben/Gouldsboro came together in a unique partnership facilitated by the Schoodic Institute at Acadia National Park. The project generates more data for use in clam management while providing students with the opportunity to engage in real-world, authentic science and to learn more about the workings of their communities. In this presentation, the focus will be on lessons learned and plans for the coming year. Clam Recruitment Studies Searsport's High School Science students have been using the scientific method to study current levels of soft-shell clam recruitment and clam growth in Searsport and Stockton Springs. Students will report on the findings of their intertidal field research during this presentation. 10:45 am Direct from DMR Mussel Drone Survey in the Jordan River Presentation on the methods and results of the Mussel Drone survey conducted in the Jordan River in 2017 by DMR.. Discussion of the potential for quick and more accurate assessment of inter-tidal mussel resources across the coast of Maine. Lessons learned in use of AUV's in certain areas and other potential uses.
    [Show full text]
  • View Travel Planning Guide
    YOUR O.A.T. ADVENTURE TRAVEL PLANNING GUIDE® New! Under the Midnight Sun: Sami Lapland, Norway & the Arctic Circle 2021 Small Groups: 8-16 travelers—guaranteed! (average of 13) Overseas Adventure Travel ® The Leader in Personalized Small Group Adventures on the Road Less Traveled 1 Dear Traveler, At last, the world is opening up again for curious travel lovers like you and me. And the O.A.T. New! Under the Midnight Sun: Sami Lapland, Norway & the Arctic Circle itinerary you’ve expressed interest in will be a wonderful way to resume the discoveries that bring us so much joy. You might soon be enjoying standout moments like these: There was something intangibly magical about Lapland. Maybe it was the midnight sun, the endless rugged tundra, or the welcoming nature of the Sami people. All I know is that there was a true sense of Arctic magic everywhere I went, especially when I met an indigenous Sami family on their reindeer farm. As we explored the farm, they introduced me to their way of life and traditions dating back thousands of years. I was saddened to hear that their ancient culture is under threat from two forces: the construction of an Arctic Railway through Sami territory and Sami youth deviating from their traditional lifestyle. You’ll hear about these challenges as well when you meet with a Sami family on their reindeer farm. In the regions I travel to around the world, the stories of the people who live and work there are the most distinct and poignant experiences. You’ll meet with a local educator in Oslo to hear about July 22, 2011—the harrowing terrorist attack on this city—and their personal account of this day.
    [Show full text]
  • A Technical Characterization of Estuarine and Coastal New Hampshire New Hampshire Estuaries Project
    AR-293 University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository PREP Publications Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership 2000 A Technical Characterization of Estuarine and Coastal New Hampshire New Hampshire Estuaries Project Stephen H. Jones University of New Hampshire Follow this and additional works at: http://scholars.unh.edu/prep Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation New Hampshire Estuaries Project and Jones, Stephen H., "A Technical Characterization of Estuarine and Coastal New Hampshire" (2000). PREP Publications. Paper 294. http://scholars.unh.edu/prep/294 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in PREP Publications by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Technical Characterization of Estuarine and Coastal New Hampshire Published by the New Hampshire Estuaries Project Edited by Dr. Stephen H. Jones Jackson estuarine Laboratory, university of New Hampshire Durham, NH 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................i LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................viii
    [Show full text]
  • Wood Island Harbor and the Pool at Biddeford Biddeford, Maine
    FINAL DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT: Wood Island Harbor and the Pool at Biddeford Environmental Assessment, Finding of No Significant Impact and Section 404(b)(1) Evaluation for Maintenance Dredging Wood Island Harbor and the Pool at Biddeford Biddeford, Maine May 2020 FINAL DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT: Wood Island Harbor and the Pool at Biddeford ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This page intentionally left blank ii FINAL DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT: Wood Island Harbor and the Pool at Biddeford ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ................................................................................ 1 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Purpose and Need ........................................................................................................ 4 1.2 Proposed Action ............................................................................................................ 5 2.0 Authority and Dredge History .......................................................................................... 9 3.0 Alternatives ......................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 No Action Alternative .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Oysters in Maine (1600S-1970S) Randy Lackovic University of Maine, [email protected]
    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Darling Marine Center Historical Documents Darling Marine Center Historical Collections 3-2019 A History of Oysters in Maine (1600s-1970s) Randy Lackovic University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/dmc_documents Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons, and the United States History Commons Repository Citation Lackovic, Randy, "A History of Oysters in Maine (1600s-1970s)" (2019). Darling Marine Center Historical Documents. 22. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/dmc_documents/22 This Newsletter is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Darling Marine Center Historical Documents by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A History of Oysters in Maine (1600s-1970s) This is a history of oyster abundance in Maine, and the subsequent decline of oyster abundance. It is a history of oystering, oyster fisheries, and oyster commerce in Maine. It is a history of the transplanting of oysters to Maine, and experiments with oysters in Maine, and of oyster culture in Maine. This history takes place from the 1600s to the 1970s. 17th Century {}{}{}{} In early days, oysters were to be found in lavish abundance along all the Atlantic coast, though Ingersoll says it was at least a small number of oysters on the Gulf of Maine coast.86, 87 Champlain wrote that in 1604, "All the harbors, bays, and coasts from Chouacoet (Saco) are filled with every variety of fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Larval Fish Abundance in Penobscot Bay, Maine
    81 Abstract–Biweekly ichthyoplankton Dynamics of larval fi sh abundance surveys were conducted in Penobscot Bay, Maine, during the spring and early in Penobscot Bay, Maine summer of 1997 and 1998. Larvae from demersal eggs dominated the catch from late winter through spring, but Mark A. Lazzari not in early summer collections. Larval Maine Department of Marine Resources fi sh assemblages varied with tempera- P.O. Box 8 ture, and to a lesser extent, plankton West Boothbay Harbor, Maine 04575 volume, and salinity, among months. E-mail address: [email protected] Temporal patterns of larval fi sh abun- dance corresponded with seasonality of reproduction. Larvae of taxa that spawn from late winter through early spring, such as sculpins (Myoxocepha- lus spp.), sand lance (Ammodytes sp.), and rock gunnel (Pholis gunnellus) For most fi sh, the greatest mortality tial variation in species diver sity and were dominant in Penobscot Bay in occurs during early life stages (Hjort, abundance, and 3) to relate these vari- March and April. Larvae of spring to early summer spawners such as 1914; Cushing, 1975; Leggett and Deb- ations to differences in location and en- winter fl ounder (Pleuronectes america- lois, 1994). Therefore, it is essential that vironmental variables. nus) Atlantic seasnail (Liparis atlan- fi sh eggs and larvae develop in favorable ticus), and radiated shanny (Ulvaria habitats that maximize the probability subbifurcata) were more abundant in of survival. Bigelow (1926) recognized Materials and methods May and June. Penobscot Bay appears the signifi cance of the coastal shelf for to be a nursery for many fi shes; there- the production of fi sh larvae within the Field methods fore any degradation of water quality Gulf of Maine, noting that most larvae during the vernal period would have were found within the 200-m contour.
    [Show full text]