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Home , Chloric acid, Chlorous acid

AND BASES

Chemistry Review: Section 1.6 pg. 34-36 Review of Acids

• Empirically, acids are (aq) molecular compounds of that form electrically conducve soluons and turn blue litmus paper red. Remember: R BLUE E A S E • By convenon, the formula for an empirically idenfied acid is wrien as: H___ (aq) or ____COOH(aq)

Example: HCl(aq) and H2SO4(aq) are acids CH4(g) and NH3(g) are not acids, so hydrogen is wrien last *In some cases, hydrogen is wrien last if part of a –COOH group

ex. CH3COOH(aq) – these are organic acids Review of Bases

• Empirically, bases are (aq) ionic hydroxides that form electrically conducve soluons and turn red litmus paper blue.

• By convenon, you are looking for a ionic (metal) hydroxides (OH‐)

NaOH(aq) Ba(OH)2(aq) , KOH(aq)

•There is no special nomenclature system for bases. ‐They are names as ionic hydroxides Ex. KOH(aq) = potassium hydroxide NH4OH(aq) = ammonium hydroxide Acids vs. Bases

 Properes of an Acid Properes of a Base • Tastes sour, always in • Taste bier and have a soluon (aq) slippery feel • Turns litmus paper red • Turns litmus paper blue • Has a pH of less than 7 • Has a pH greater than 7 • Good conductor, • Good conductor, corrodes metals doesn’t react with • Lemon juice and metals vinegar are good • Most hand soaps and examples. drain cleaners are bases Naming Acids

 Systemac IUPAC  Tradional

1) aqueous 1) hydrogen ______ide = hydro______ic acid

HCl (aq) ex. hydrogen chloride =

1) aqueous hydrogen 1) hydrogen ______ate = ______ic acid

HClO3(aq) ex. hydrogen chlorate =

1) aqueous hydrogen 1) hydrogen ______ite = ______ous acid

HClO2(aq) ex. hydrogen chlorite =

Remember: acid contains sulfur = you add a ur H2SO4(aq) acid contains phosphorus = add an or H3PO4(aq) phorphoric acid Practice – Naming Acids

IUPAC Traditional

aqueous hydrogen perchlorate  HClO4(aq)

 HClO(aq) aqueous hydrogen hypochlorite

 HNO2(aq) aqueous hydrogen nitrite nitrous acid

 HNO3(aq) aqueous hydrogen nitrate nitric acid

 H2SO4(aq) aqueous hydrogen sulfate sulfuric acid

 H2SO3(aq) aqueous hydrogen sulfite sulfurous acid

 H3PO4(aq) aqueous hydrogen phosphate phosphoric acid