DOCSLIB.ORG

Master Document Template

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Master Document Template Copyright by Michelle Diane Brock 2012 The Dissertation Committee for Michelle Diane Brock certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Fiend in the Fog: A History of Satan in Early Modern Scotland Committee: Brian P. Levack, Supervisor Neil Kamil Julie Hardwick Jorge Canizares-Esguerra Frank Whigham Brian Cowan The Fiend in the Fog: A History of Satan in Early Modern Scotland by Michelle Diane Brock, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin August, 2012 Dedication For my family Acknowledgements In looking back over the six years of my graduate career, I am overcome with gratitude for all of the professional and personal support that I have received from family, friends, and colleagues. First and foremost, my supervisor, Brian P. Levack, has at once been an academic mentor and a dear friend. His enthusiasm for this dissertation, the remarkable amount of time he spent reading and discussing my work, and his unyielding confidence in me have been invaluable. If I have any skill as a historian, it is a product of his kind criticism and scholarly example. Neil Kamil and Julie Hardwick, from whom I took some of the most influential and enjoyable courses of my graduate career, have been instrumental in informing my ability to think critically about both primary sources and historiography. They have both also been wonderful sources of career advice and moral support over the last few years. Brian Cowan, Jorge Canizares-Esguerra, and Frank Whigham were all generous members of my dissertation committee. Their suggestions for and critiques of my project have given me much to chew on as I look towards the future. My personal debts are as vast, if not more so, than my professional ones. Jessica Shore and Anne Proctor have been my constant cheerleaders during the most challenging times of this journey. I could not have done this without them. My siblings David and Kristina have provided much needed laughter and friendship. I love and admire them both more than they know. My father, whose strength and kindness continue to amaze me, has been an inexhaustible well of encouraging words and advice. The unwavering v support of my grandparents, John and Louise Hamilton, has made my entire education possible. I can never repay them for their generosity. My mother, who passed away before I could finish this dissertation, instilled in me from a very young age a love of reading about people and their stories. She is present on every page. vi The Fiend in the Fog: A History of Satan in Early Modern Scotland Michelle Diane Brock, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin, 2012 Supervisor: Brian P. Levack This dissertation, the first comprehensive study of Satan in early modern Scotland, attempts to recreate the role of the devil in the mental worlds of Scots from the beginning of the Scottish Reformation in 1560 through the early eighteenth century. In doing so, I address three interrelated questions. First, what did Scottish men and women believe about the devil? Second, how did their demonic beliefs inform culture, individual and communal identities, and lived experience in Scotland? Last, how did Scottish demonic belief compare and relate to British, Atlantic, and European demonologies? This dissertation demonstrates that Scots of all sorts were involved in the creation of a varied but shared spectrum of demonic belief that was profoundly and consistently influenced by the theology and practice of Reformed Protestantism. Ultimately, belief in the devil produced a dynamic cultural dialogue about good, evil, and the self through which these Scots constructed individual and communal identities. Throughout the early modern period, Scottish religious, social, and political turmoil combined with the introduction of Reformed Protestant theology and an increased concern for the Apocalypse to provoke a re-evaluation of demonology. Historians have often assumed that ordinary people were uninterested in or unaware of vii these evolving ideas about Satan, due to both their illiteracy and their focus on the basic struggle to make ends meet. By investigating a wide array of sources, such as court records, diaries, and sermons, my dissertation unearths the demonological ideas not just of elites, but also of ordinary men and women whose beliefs about Satan have long been presumed unrecoverable. This dissertation thus demonstrates that elite and uneducated Scots alike engaged in a complex exchange of beliefs about the devil that reshaped Scottish demonology and engendered new ways of believing and behaving for Scots of all sorts. viii Table of Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One: Reforming the Devil .................................................................... 29 Chapter Two: From the Pulpit .......................................................................... 85 Chapter Three: In the Pews ..............................................................................130 Chapter Four: The Personal Devil.....................................................................169 Chapter Five: On the Streets ............................................................................216 Chapter Six: The Devil as Master ....................................................................248 Chapter Seven: Satan and the Scots .................................................................291 Conclusion ......................................................................................................321 Bibliography ....................................................................................................328 ix Introduction This dissertation attempts to recreate the role of Satan in the mental worlds of Scots from the beginning of the Scottish Reformation in 1560 through the early eighteenth century. In doing so, I address three interrelated questions. First, what did Scottish men and women believe about the devil? Second, how did their demonic beliefs inform culture, individual and communal identities, and lived experience in Scotland? Last, how did Scottish demonic belief compare and relate to British, Atlantic, and European demonologies? This dissertation demonstrates that Scots of all sorts were involved in the creation of a varied but shared spectrum of demonic belief that was profoundly and consistently influenced by the theology and practice of Reformed Protestantism. Ultimately, belief in the devil produced a dynamic cultural dialogue about good, evil, and the self through which these Scots constructed individual and communal identities. The general topic of this dissertation will be familiar to almost any reader in the Western world. The devil—or Satan, to use his scriptural, personal name—has long captivated the imagination not just of theologians, but novelists, poets, philosophers, screenwriters, artists, and the odd cult or two. To give a quintessentially current example of Satan’s continued presence in our cultural imagination, the brief entry of “devil” into Netflix’s search bar calls up pages upon pages of movies from the last fifty years.1 A quick survey of newspaper articles discussing the various guises of political and religious fundamentalism illustrates that belief in evil, personified in Christianity by Satan, is alive 1 Some of the more entertaining titles include “God went Surfing with the Devil”; “God, the Devil, and Bob: the Complete Series”; “Devil Girl from Mars”; and “Tai Chi Devil.” 1 and well throughout the world. As recently as 2008, the 2012 Republican presidential candidate Rick Santorum claimed that America was engaged in a spiritual war with the devil: “And the Father of Lies has his sights on what you would think the Father of Lies would have his sights on: a good, decent, powerful, influential country – the United States of America. If you were Satan, who would you attack in this day and age?”2 Whether or not one agrees with Santorum, his ideas, which display surprising continuity with the individuals featured in this dissertation, provoked a political discussion about the place of demonic belief in modern society. The devil, in short, is far from a relic of an irrational or unscientific past. Conceptions of Satan and evil continue to inspire not only cultural artifacts such as horror films and art, but also personal faith and political actions. Rewind four-and-a-half centuries ago to 1560, when the Scottish Reformation was in its early throes. If the devil maintains a high profile in present society, then Satan was ubiquitous in early modern Scotland. During these years, religious, social, and political turmoil combined with the introduction of Reformed Protestant theology and an increased concern for the Apocalypse to provoke a re-evaluation of demonology. Historians have often assumed that ordinary people were uninterested in or unaware of these evolving ideas about Satan in the early modern period, due to both their illiteracy and their focus on the basic struggle to make ends meet. This dissertation demonstrates that elite and uneducated Scots alike engaged in a complex exchange of beliefs about the devil that reshaped Scottish demonology and engendered new ways of believing and behaving for Scots of all sorts. 2 As quoted in The Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/22/rick-santorum-satan-
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cloud of Witnesses
    1 CLOUD OF WITNESSES FOR THE ROYAL PREROGATIVES OF JESUS CHRIST BEING THE LAST SPEECHES AND TESTIMONIES OF THOSE WHO HAVE SUFFERED FOR THE TRUTH IN SCOTLAND. SINCE THE YEAR 1680. In het Engels beschreven door N.N. With historical and explanatory notes by John H. Thomson, 1871 STICHTING DE GIHONBRON MIDDELBURG 2007 2 Conclusions of the General Meeting at Crawfordjohn, April 21, 1697. "That a true and exact account of all the persecutors within the several quarters; of the remarkable judgments and deaths, or what hath befallen to their families or estates; be made up and brought to the next general meeting.” CRAWFORDJOHN, April 5, 1699. "That all the respective Societies send an index of all the late martyrs' testimonies, not in 'Naphtali,' to the next general meeting.” CRAWFORDJOHN, Oct. 29, 1701. "First concluded, that all the correspondences provide and make ready stones as signs of honor to be set upon the graves of our late martyrs has soon as possible; and all the names of the foresaid martyrs, with their speeches and testimonies, and by whom they were martyred or killed in house or fields, country or city, as far as possible to be brought to the next general meeting, in order for the epitaphs; and likewise an account of those martyrs' carriage and behavior in the time of their martyrdom.” "Secondly concluded, a review of the former conclusions concerning the remarkable judgments of the persecutors, and the diligence of the correspondences and Societies to be diligently brought to the next general meeting.” CRAWFORDJOHN, Oct. 21, 1710. "That an index of all the martyrs' testimonies that are not in 'Naphtali,' who were martyred in Scotland, be had from all quarters against the next general meeting; likewise an account of all the martyrs' names that suffered in this kingdom.” CRAWFORDJOHN, February 23, 1711 "The martyrs' testimonies were given into Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Judaica Collections Revised Feb 06.Pub
    University of Aberdeen Special Libraries and Archives The Judaica Collections The Aberdeen Codex of the Hebrew Bible (Naples, 1493-94.) Illumination at the beginning of Isaiah (AUL MS 23. Fol. 186v.) An Information Document University of Aberdeen Development Trust King’s College Aberdeen Scotland, UK AB24 3FX t. +44 (0) 1224 272097 f. +44 (0) 1224 272271 The University of Aberdeen, formed in 1860 by THE BIESENTHAL COLLECTION the amalgamation of the fifteenth-century King’s College and the sixteenth-century The most significant of our Hebrew holdings — Marischal College, has a rich collection of Ju- in the sense of combining quality with sheer daica. This reflects the University’s continuous quantity — is the Biesenthal collection, ac- commitment to the study of Hebrew and Rab- quired from Dr Biesenthal in Leipzig in the binic literature, and the collection, scholarship 1870s, and permanently deposited in Historic and publication in connection with these stud- Collections in 1968. ies. It also reflects a wider interest and sympa- thy which can be traced from the early- This is undoubtedly one of the most complete seventeenth century acquisition of the glorious collections of Rabbinic literature in Britain. Half Codex of the Hebrew Bible, which remains one of its 2,140 volumes are in Hebrew, and repre- of the University’s greatest treasures, to the sent what was described by the Aberdeen Uni- twentieth-century activities of the Hays of versity Review as ‘a comprehensive selection Seton. of all that was published in Hebrew practically from the invention of printing to the time of the CONTEMPORARY CONNECTIONS sale of Dr Biesenthal’s library’ .
    [Show full text]
  • Hunter Bailey Phd Thesis 08.Pdf (1.357Mb)
    VIA MEDIA ALIA: RECONSIDERING THE CONTROVERSIAL DOCTRINE OF UNIVERSAL REDEMPTION IN THE THEOLOGY OF JAMES FRASER OF BREA (1639-1699) A thesis submitted to New College, the School of Divinity of the University of Edinburgh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2008 By Hunter M. Bailey M.Th. (2003) University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK M.Div. (2002) Reformed Theological Seminary, Jackson, MS, USA B.A. (1998) University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA I hereby declare that this thesis has been composed by myself and is the result of my own independent research. It has not, in any form, been submitted or accepted for any other degree or professional qualification, as specified in the regulations of the University of Edinburgh. All quotations in this thesis have been distinguished by quotation marks, and all sources of outside information have received proper acknowledgment. _________________________________ Hunter M. Bailey 16 June 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents....................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements.................................................................................................... v Abstract..................................................................................................................... vii Abbreviations............................................................................................................ ix Section A Chapter 1: An Introduction..........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Library Guide Guide
    LibraryLibrary guide guide Hebraica and Judaica resources in Special Collections Andrew MacGregor, May 2018 QG HCOL008 [www.abdn.ac.uk/special-collections/documents/guides/qghcol008.pdf] The Wolfson Reading Room There are also named collections of relevance: Special Collections Centre Biesenthal Collection The Sir Duncan Rice Library The collection consisting of some 2,000 volumes University of Aberdeen and described at the time of purchase as 'one of Bedford Road the finest Rabbinical collections in Great Britain', Aberdeen was deposited in the Library on permanent loan AB24 3AA from Christ's College, Aberdeen, in 1968. It was acquired about 1872 by Professor William Tel. (01224) 272598 Robertson Smith for what was at that time the Free E–mail: [email protected] Church College in Aberdeen from Dr JH Biesenthal Website: www.abdn.ac.uk/special-collections/ (1804-1886) a converted Polish Jew, then serving at Leipzig as a missionary with the London Society for Promoting Christianity. Introduction About 800 of the printed books are in Hebrew or Many individuals, families, organisations and Hebrew characters, representing virtually the whole businesses have deposited their papers with the published output in Hebrew up to the year 1872; University and as a result, it has acquired an thirty–seven were printed in the 16th century. See: unrivalled collection of material, not solely relating A Catalogue of the Hebrew books in the Biesenthal to the history and culture of the north-east of Collection compiled by DRG Beattie. Aberdeen: Scotland but
    [Show full text]
  • The Register of Marriages for the Parish Of
    6c 941.0004 Sco87s Ga M.L 941.0004 Scq87s 1403849 GENEALOGY COLLECTION ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBBARY 3 1833 00676 3558 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center http://www.archive.org/details/registerofmarria32edin yf/ky PART XXXII. 1403849 I595-I 700.] Edinburgh Marriage Register. 401 /' >JLawson (Lasone, Lasoun, Lausone, Lawsoun), John, smith Isobel Bruce 7 July 1670 John, stabler ; Elizabeth Nicoll, married be Mr John M 'Queen I Feb. 679 Peacock 2 668 John, tailor ; Janet July tailor Cook June 670 John, ; Jean 24 John ; Margaret Nicolson, married by Mr. Alexander Malcome 10 Aug. 682 John ; Isobel Tasker, by Mr. Burgess in the S. K. 24 Dec. 689 Katherine ; Patrick M'Nacht, skinner 8 Dec. 602 Katharine ; Mr. Archibald Borthwick 29 Dec. 700 Foster, merchant Margaret ; John 13 June 599 Margaret ; Thomas Wylie, bonnet-maker 5 Sept. 601 Margaret; John Rantoun 13 Nov. 605 Symsoun, gentleman t. 18 Sept. 610 Margaret ; Job Margaret ; Andrew Lasone, chopman 29 Aug. 616 Margaret ; Walter Scotte, tailor 5 Sept. 628 Margaret ; Andrew Hepburne, tailor 14 Feb. 640 Margaret Andersone, steward to Craigmillar 10 May 642 ; John Margaret ; Robert Crombie, bookseller 22 Sept. 642 Margaret ; William Johnstoun, porter at Heriot's Hospital 6 May 651 Margaret ; Thomas Noble, skinner 23 Apr 672 I Margaret ; George Broun, baker 28 Mar. 679 Margaret ; Robert Wilson, glover 1 1 Jan. 692 Grive 8 May Margaret ; John 698 Marion ; Baillie Matthew 30 May 604 Marion ; Alexander Pringle, cordiner 13 Aug. 612 Marion ; William Liddale, wright 27 Jan. 665 Marion Angus, flesher 16 Sept.
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Die Materialität Des Teufels Und Ihre Wir- Kung Auf Hexenverfolgung Und Hexenprozeß in Ausgewählten Europäischen Ländern Und in Den Neuenglischen Kolonien
    3 Die Materialität des Teufels und ihre Wir- kung auf Hexenverfolgung und Hexenprozeß in ausgewählten europäischen Ländern und in den neuenglischen Kolonien Kernpunkt vieler Hexenprozesse der frühen Neuzeit in Europa und in den neuenglischen Kolonien war die Frage nach der materiellen Existenz des Teu- fels und ihr Nachweis. Teufelspakt, Teufelsbuhlschaft und Hexenflug - alles Elemente des Volks- aberglaubens - waren für einen großen Teil der Hexenprozesse zentrale An- klagepunkte in den Gerichtsverfahren und trugen sowohl in Europa als auch in den neuenglischen Kolonien zu einer Intensivierung der Hexenverfolgung in der frühen Neuzeit bei. Martin Pott bezeichnet diese Elemente des Volksaberglaubens als „Penta- gramm des Hexenwahns“. Er sieht den Hexenglauben als ausgefeilte Theorie, deren Inhalte im Begriff des Teufelspaktes kulminieren.196 Seit Menschengedenken gehörte die Vorstellung einer den Menschen nicht immer freundlich gesinnten, real existenten Parallelwelt zum alltäglichen Le- ben. Einerseits war sie in vorchristlicher Zeit eine durchaus wertfreie Möglich- keit, unerklärliche Erlebnisse verständlich zu machen, andererseits diente sie später dem Christentum als spirituelles Gegengewicht zum göttlichen Wir- ken. Vor allem in kontinentaleuropäischen Ländern, wie zum Beispiel in Deutschland, gewann das Übernatürliche in der frühneuzeitlichen Hexen- verfolgung an Bedeutung. Die Verhandlung von Hexenanklagen vor Gericht mußte dieser Entwicklung Rechnung tragen. Zeugenaussagen und Geständ- nisse der Angeklagten, welche die Existenz des
    [Show full text]
  • The Idea of Medieval Heresy in Early Modern France
    The Idea of Medieval Heresy in Early Modern France Bethany Hume PhD University of York History September 2019 2 Abstract This thesis responds to the historiographical focus on the trope of the Albigensians and Waldensians within sixteenth-century confessional polemic. It supports a shift away from the consideration of medieval heresy in early modern historical writing merely as literary topoi of the French Wars of Religion. Instead, it argues for a more detailed examination of the medieval heretical and inquisitorial sources used within seventeenth-century French intellectual culture and religious polemic. It does this by examining the context of the Doat Commission (1663-1670), which transcribed a collection of inquisition registers from Languedoc, 1235-44. Jean de Doat (c.1600-1683), President of the Chambre des Comptes of the parlement of Pau from 1646, was charged by royal commission to the south of France to copy documents of interest to the Crown. This thesis aims to explore the Doat Commission within the wider context of ideas on medieval heresy in seventeenth-century France. The periodization “medieval” is extremely broad and incorporates many forms of heresy throughout Europe. As such, the scope of this thesis surveys how thirteenth-century heretics, namely the Albigensians and Waldensians, were portrayed in historical narrative in the 1600s. The field of study that this thesis hopes to contribute to includes the growth of historical interest in medieval heresy and its repression, and the search for original sources by seventeenth-century savants. By exploring the ideas of medieval heresy espoused by different intellectual networks it becomes clear that early modern European thought on medieval heresy informed antiquarianism, historical writing, and ideas of justice and persecution, as well as shaping confessional identity.
    [Show full text]
  • SCOTTISH RECORD SOCIETY. C J^-'Chceq ~Ojud Capita 6Jxs$ of Yecurrd§> Ylt £93 J
    tw mm* w • •• «•* m«! Bin • \: . v ;#, / (SCOTTISH RECORD SOCIETY. C J^-'ChceQ ~oJud Capita 6jXS$ Of Yecurrd§> Ylt £93 J SrwlmCj fcomininanotj THE Commissariot IRecorfc of Stirling, REGISTER OF TESTAMENTS 1 607- 1 800. EDITED BY FRANCIS J. GRANT, W.S., ROTHESAY HERALD AND LYON CLERK. EDINBURGH : PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY JAMES SKINNER & COMPANY. 1904. EDINBURGH : PRINTED BY JAMES SKINNER AND COMPANY. HfoO PREFACE. The Commissariot of Stirling included the following Parishes in Stirling- shire, viz. : —Airth, Bothkennar, Denny, Dunipace, Falkirk, Gargunnock, Kilsyth, Larbert, part of Lecropt, part of Logie, Muiravonside, Polmont, St. Ninian's, Slamannan, and Stirling; in Clackmannanshire, Alloa, Alva, and Dollar in Muckhart in Clackmannan, ; Kinross-shire, j Fifeshire, Carnock, Saline, and Torryburn. During the Commonwealth, Testa- ments of the Parishes of Baldernock, Buchanan, Killearn, New Kilpatrick, and Campsie are also to be found. The Register of Testaments is contained in twelve volumes, comprising the following periods : — I. i v Preface. Honds of Caution, 1648 to 1820. Inventories, 1641 to 181 7. Latter Wills and Testaments, 1645 to 1705. Deeds, 1622 to 1797. Extract Register Deeds, 1659 to 1805. Protests, 1705 to 1744- Petitions, 1700 to 1827. Processes, 1614 to 1823. Processes of Curatorial Inventories, 1786 to 1823. Miscellaneous Papers, 1 Bundle. When a date is given in brackets it is the actual date of confirmation, the other is the date at which the Testament will be found. When a number in brackets precedes the date it is that of the Testament in the volume. C0mmtssariot Jformrit %\\t d ^tirlitt0. REGISTER OF TESTAMENTS, 1607-1800. Abercrombie, Christian, in Carsie.
    [Show full text]
  • Scottish Borderers Between 1587 and 1625
    The chasm between James VI and I’s vision of the orderly “Middle Shires” and the “wickit” Scottish Borderers between 1587 and 1625 Anna Groundwater Scottish History, University of Edinburgh L’élimination du crime le long des frontières anglaises, de pair avec un plus grand sérieux face à ce problème à partir de 1587, fait partie d’une monopolisation générale de l’utilisation de la violence et des procédés légaux par le gouvernement écossais. Au fur et à mesure que la succession de Jacques Stuart sur le trône anglais devenait vraisemblable, le contrôle des frontières s’est accéléré, et les chefs expéditionnaires des raids outre frontières y ont contribué. Aux environs de 1607, Jacques affirmait que les désordres frontaliers s’étaient transformés en une harmonie exemplaire au sein d’une nouvelle unité transfrontalière, les « Middle Shires ». Toutefois, ceci était davantage l’expression de la vision qu’avait Jacques de l’union politique de l’Écosse et de l’Angleterre, contredite par la séparation effective des organisations frontalières écossaise et anglaise, et qui a duré jusqu’en 1624. Cet article examine les transformations de la loi et du crime dans les régions frontalières, ainsi que la détérioration de la perception qu’avait le gouvernement de ces frontières. Those confining places which were the Borders of the two Kingdomes, where here- tofore much blood was shed, and many of your ancestours lost their lives; yea, that lay waste and desolate, and were habitations but for runnagates, are now become the Navell or Umbilick of both Kingdomes […] where there was nothing before […] but bloodshed, oppressions, complaints and outcries, they now live every man peaceably under his owne figgetree […] The Marches beyond and on this side Twede, are as fruitfull and as peaceable as most parts of England.1 o James declared in March 1607 to the English parliament as its members dis- Scussed the merits of union.
    [Show full text]
  • Hoofdstuk 7 Tweezijdige Puriteinse Vroomheid
    VU Research Portal In God verbonden van Valen, L.J. 2019 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) van Valen, L. J. (2019). In God verbonden: De gereformeerde vroomheidsbetrekkingen tussen Schotland en de Nederlanden in de zeventiende eeuw, met name in de periode na de Restauratie (1660-1700). Labarum Academic. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Hoofdstuk 7 Tweezijdige puriteinse vroomheid Karakter van het Schots Puritanisme en parallellen tussen de Schotse Tweede Reformatie en de Nadere Reformatie Met de publicatie van ‘Christus de Weg, de Waarheid en het Leven’ komt ook naar voren dat deze heldere denker op het gebied van de kerkregering, deze bekwame en voorzichtige theoloog, deze ernstige en heftige polemist, een prediker en devotionele schrijver kon zijn met zulk een kracht en diepe spiritu- aliteit.1 I.B.
    [Show full text]
  • Montrose Year Book 1907
    ) in Queen's Restaurant, ,„ high street (TEMPEUANCE. (Closc to iiunicipal Builduigs). Choice Menu. Moderate Chargres. MONTROSE YEAR=BOOK . AND . DIRECTORY . FOB . I907. CONTAINS Local Almanac and Obituary Notices of Public Men, Reg-isters of Municipal and Parliamentary Voters, Datefj of Noteworthy Local Events, Directory of Trades and Professions, Salaries of Public Officials, General Directory, &e. .\l >J .-; 'r R o E : PRINTED AND ITBr.r.SHJSl. ir, ALI5X. OC'NN & CO., LTD., AT " KBVIEW " OmCE, 97 HIGH STREKT. QUEEN'S TEMPERANCE HOTEL Marriage and Social Parties catered for. Iiunoheon and Dinner Baskets Supplied to Picnic Parties. Reasonable Tettaa. \\)llllam n^oir 6i Sons, SEEDSJVIEN, 7 and 9 HIGH STREET, MONTROSE. Telephone No. ii. Telegrams—Moir, Montrose. BUSINESS HOURS, 8 a.m. till 8 p.m. SATURDAYS, 8 a.m. till 10 p.m. WEDNESDAYS, 2 pm. Price Lists on Application. (. /yv\-e<iA. 2_V cm Chemists, «^ Prescriptions. THIS MOST, IMPORTANT IT. 272 ^H ^ 'Jt Sight Testing Rooms. XHOS. BURRKIvIv, F.S.M.C. LONDON, March, 1899. Holder of the Diploma granted by the Worshipful Guild of Spectacle Makers for Proficiency in Sight Testing (1904). ADVERTISEMENTS. U. i). G.RA55, Fainter and Decorator, U and 24 NEW WYND (Opposite Star Hotel), MONTROSE. » w»wi ncat i All Departments of House and Hall Decoration carefully executed, at Moderate Charges. WILLIAM GIBSON, Junr., BUTCHKR, , U3 MURRAY STREET, M ONTROSE. ROUNDS, HAMS, AND TONG.UES. SAUSAGES AND MINCE. A. B. IVIORTOlSr. HAIRDRESSER, 105 Murray Street, Montrose. ALL REQUISITES FOR THE TOILET IN STOCK. ADVERTISEMENTS. Established 1848- Telephone 5x5. Telegrams— Duthie," Coachbuilrlcrs, ^^4B^m, Montrose.
    [Show full text]
  • A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (M-S)
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Faculty Publications 2009-05-01 A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (M-S) Gary P. Gillum [email protected] Susan Wheelwright O'Connor Alexa Hysi Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub Part of the English Language and Literature Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Gillum, Gary P.; O'Connor, Susan Wheelwright; and Hysi, Alexa, "A Pilgrimage Through English History and Culture (M-S)" (2009). Faculty Publications. 11. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/11 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 1462 MACHIAVELLI, NICCOLÒ, 1469-1527 Rare 854.318 N416e 1675 The Works of the famous Nicolas Machiavel: citizen and Secretary of Florence. Written Originally in Italian, and from thence newly and faithfully Translated into English London: Printed for J.S., 1675. Description: [24], 529 [21]p. ; 32 cm. References: Wing M128. Subjects: Political science. Political ethics. War. Florence (Italy)--History. Added Author: Neville, Henry, 1620-1694, tr. Contents: -The History of florence.-The Prince.-The original of the Guelf and Ghibilin Factions.-The life of Castruccio Castracani.-The Murther of Vitelli, &c. by Duke Valentino.-The State of France.- The State of Germany.-The Marriage of Belphegor, a Novel.-Nicholas Machiavel's Letter in Vindication of Himself and His Writings. Notes: Printer's device on title-page. Title enclosed within double line rule border. Head pieces. Translated into English by Henry Neville.
    [Show full text]