_____. "The Canadian Encyclopedia of _____. "What's Governance Got to do with It? Limitless Identities," Acadiensis 19.1 (Autumn Two Investigations into the State of Atlantic 1989): 204-08. Canada," Acadiensis 33.1 (Autumn 2003b): 87-96. _____. "The Art of Regional Protest: The Political Cartoons of Donald McRitchie, _____. "Regionalism in a Flat World," 1904-1937," Acadiensis 21.1 (Autumn 1991): Acadiensis 35.2 (Spring 2006): 138-43. 5-21. _____. "History Does Matter: The Future of _____. "The Politics of Place: Regionalism the Past in Atlantic Canada," Literary Review and Community in Atlantic Canada," The of Canada (October 2008): 3-5. Constitutional Future of the Prairie and Atlantic Regions of Canada, J. McCrorie and Cooper, B. "Regionalism, Political Culture and M. MacDonald, eds. Regina: Canadian Plains Canadian Political Myths," Regionalism and Research Center, University of Regina 1992, Party Politics in Canada, L. Young and K. pp. 18-36. Archer, eds. Toronto: Oxford University Press 2002, p. 97. _____. "The Battle of the Cartoonists: The Cartoon Art of Donald McRitchie and Robert Desbarats, P. and T. Mosher. The Hecklers: Chambers in Halifax Newspapers, A History of Canadian Political Cartooning 1933-1937," Myth and Milieu: Atlantic and a Cartoonists' History of Canada. Literature and Culture, 1918-1939, G. Davies, Toronto, McClelland and Stewart, 1979. ed. Fredericton: Acadiensis Press, 1993, pp.17-36. Dunlop, A. Book Review: ": Maritime Conservative in National Politics. _____, ed. Saturday's Child: The Memoirs of Margaret Conrad. Toronto: University of Ellen Louks Fairclough, Canada's First Toronto Press, 1986," Archivaria 24 (Summer Female Federal Cabinet Minister. Toronto: 1987): 157-8. Press 1995. English, J. Book Review: "Margaret Conrad, _____. "'Not a Feminist But...': The Political George Nowlan: Maritime Conservative in Career of Ellen Louks Fairclough, Canada's National Politics. Toronto: University of First Female Federal Cabinet Minister," Toronto Press1986," Histoire sociale - Social Journal of Canadian Studies 31.2 (Summer History 20.39 (May 1987): 195. 1996): 5-28. Miller, J.R. "The Invisible Historian," Journal of _____. "Why I Am (Sometimes) a Separatist: the Canadian Historical Association (1997): A View from the Margins," Can Canada 3-18. Survive? Under What Terms and Conditions? Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada Morris, R. Behind the Jester's Mask: 1996/ Sixth Series, D. Hayne, ed. Toronto: Canadian Editorial Cartoons about Dominant University of Toronto Press, 1997, pp. 91-102. and Minority Groups, 1960-1979. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989. _____. "Mistaken Identities? Newfoundland ______and Labrador in the Atlantic Region," Newfoundland Studies 18.2 (Fall 2002): A Tribute to Margaret Conrad: 159-74. Activist, Scholar, Feminist _____. "Addressing the Democratic Deficit: Pioneer W omen and Political Culture in Atlantic BONNIE HUSKINS, University of New Brunswick and St. Thomas University, is currently working on a Canada," Atlantis 27.2 (Spring/Summer manuscript with Michael Boudreau based on the 2003a): 82-89. diaries of working-class homemaker Ida Louise

www.msvu.ca/atlantis PR Atlantis 34.2, 2010 19 Martin (née Friars) of Saint John, New Brunswick, early interdisciplinary women's studies course who kept daily entries from 1945-92. She is also launched at in 1973. Seven beginning a new project on sociability, family and women and several men contributed to this community amongst the first and second- evening course that attracted over 100 generation Loyalists in the Maritimes. students the first night it met in September. She later taught a year-long course on Abstract "Women in Canadian History," as well as One of several presentations on Margaret other women's studies courses. In the fall of Conrad's work and career at the 2009 Atlantic 1974, Conrad, Donna Smyth and others Canada Studies Conference in Charlottetown, formed a collective to plan for the launch of this paper describes how Conrad applied her Atlantis: A Women’s Studies Journal, which feminism to the writing, teaching and continues to publish today. Marg dissemination of history, and in the process, subsequently served as co-editor of Atlantis transformed the ways in which historians from 1977-85, and in 2000, she co-edited, approach their profession. th with Linda Kealey, a special, 25 anniversary Résumé issue of the Journal entitled "Feminism and Une des nombreuses présentations sur le Canadian History." Marg also promoted travail et la carrière de Margaret Conrad à la women's studies in Canada by holding the Conférence Atlantic Canada Studies de Nancy's Chair in Women’s Studies at Mount 2009à Charlottetown, cet article décrit Saint Vincent University from 1996-98. comment Conrad a appliqué son féminisme Marg Conrad's experiences at Acadia dans ses oeuvres, son enseignement, et la University made her keenly aware of the dissémination de l'histoire, et de ce fait, a gender inequalities which exist within transformé les façons dont les historiennes institutions of higher learning. In 1978 and approchent leur profession. again in 1990, she collaborated with university colleagues to produce reports on the status of women at Acadia University (Committee on Margaret Conrad's research, the Status of W omen at Acadia University publications and teaching have covered a 1978; Conrad and Looker 1990). The survey diversity of historical topics over her forty in 1990 revealed that female staff, students years in the field. She has written political and faculty made up more than half of those history, facilitated Planter studies and, in her associated with the university, but the most recent career at the University of New institution, according to Conrad and her Brunswick (UNB), has led the way in associates, was "anything but female humanities computing. In addition to these dominated." Based on the data collected from various contributions to academia, one of the separate questionnaires returned by staff, continuities in her career has been her students and faculty members, the report promotion of feminist praxis. One of several asserted that discrimination and differential presentations on Conrad's work at the 2009 treatment based on gender still existed, and Atlantic Canada Studies Conference in proceeded to make numerous Charlottetown, this paper describes how she recommendations to correct the situation. applied her feminism to the writing, teaching These recommendations included the and dissemination of history, and in the establishment of a female equity officer; an process, transformed the ways in which equity committee; funds to attract and hire historians approach their profession. qualified women; daycare facilities; equity Since the beginning of her career, programs to reach women students; faculty Marg Conrad has been involved in various assessment of their "texts, jokes and attitudes campaigns to elevate the status of women in to ensure that they are not devaluing women"; Canadian society. One expression of this more women in positions of authority; and agenda was her involvement in the many more - eighty-three recommendations in development of women's studies programs in total. the 1960s and '70s. Marg participated in an

20 Atlantis 34.2, 2010 PR www.msvu.ca/atlantis Marg has done her best to meet the portraying women primarily as victims. In the need for more women in positions of authority same vein, Conrad complained that the by taking on many leadership roles in the contributors to A Not Unreasonable Claim: historical community. She has served on a Women and Reform in Canada, 1880s-1920s number of national professional associations: (Kealey 1979), with one exception, conveyed the National Archives Board (1987-91); the a sense of disappointment and disapproval at Historical Sites and Monuments Board of the failure of maternal feminists to transform Canada (1990-98); and on the Minister's and transcend their limitations, whether Round Table on Parks Canada Secretariat discussing women's paid work, women's (2001), to name just a few. Moreover, she suffrage or social reform, a theme that was president of the Canadian Historical Conrad would revisit in her own scholarship. Association from 2005-07, and co-editor of In "Keep It Complex: Feminist the Canadian Historical Review from 1997- Pedagogies in a Post-Modernist, Post- 2000. Conrad currently sits on the Editorial Structuralist, Post-Colonialist, Post Feminist Board of the journal Acadiensis; on the Board World" (Conrad 1995), Marg Conrad tackled of Directors of Canada's National History the issues and challenges associated with Society; on the Scientific Advisory Committee using the classroom as a major site for of the Council of Canadian Academies; on the feminist struggle. Here, she reminds readers Advisory Board of the Lafontaine-Baldwin that feminist pedagogy emerged in the early Symposium; and she chairs the External 1980s as a significant focal point for Committee of Experts on Commemorations discussion and debate. She pointed out the for the National Capital Commission. challenges posed by post-modern critiques Marg Conrad has also worked that call into question earlier assumptions that tirelessly throughout her career to practise a feminist classroom ought to be nurturing, and promote a feminist approach to the democratic, inclusive of experience and writing and teaching of history. As a emotions and committed to change. Overall, historiographer, she has kept us apprised of she acknowledged that post-modern critiques major developments within women's studies of totalizing theory were useful, for they allow and women's history, but she has also acted us "to incorporate the range of feminist voices as a fearless critic, prodding us to adopt an from women and men of different races, analytical approach which embraces female classes, ages, cultures and abilities...". agency. Though not the first review of Marg Conrad's interest in uncovering women's history in Canada, Conrad's 1983 a diversity of "feminist voices" is revealed in review article entitled "The Re-Birth of the evolution of her research and scholarship. Canada’s Past: A Decade of W omen's Her early work focused on questions of History" (Conrad 1983) provided readers with gender equity in public life. Her monograph on a sense of the excitement and promise of this the career of Conservative politician George new field when she articulated a shift in Nowlan (Conrad 1986a) reflected a longtime attitude toward women's history over the interest in political history, but after working course of the decade. In the early years, with the memoirs of Ellen Fairclough, the first women's historians encountered reactions female federal cabinet minister and one of the ranging from indifference to outright hostility. first woman accountants in Canada But by the end of the decade, there was a (Fairclough 1995), Marg also became more general acceptance of feminist interested in the history of women in politics. scholarship predicated upon a "whole new This would lead her to deliver a paper on the angle of vision" (Pierson and Prentice 1982). history of women and political culture to a Marg also devoted nearly a page of workshop on "Building W omen’s Leadership the review to the new L’Histoire des femmes in Atlantic Canada" at Mount Saint Vincent au Quebec by the Clio Collective (Le Collectif University in December 2001; this paper Clio 1982), praising the book as a landmark would eventually be published as "Addressing study, but chastising the authors for the Democratic Deficit: Women and Political neglecting minority women in Quebec and for

www.msvu.ca/atlantis PR Atlantis 34.2, 2010 21 Culture in Atlantic Canada" in a special 2003 aforementioned "whole new angle of vision." edition of Atlantis (Conrad 2003b). Historians must turn their focus from the It should be noted, however, that public sphere to a consideration of the local, Marg Conrad's work on Ellen Fairclough not the personal, and the familial, for it is in these only generated an interest in questions of contexts that women would be encountered female political representation, but also in the more regularly in the historical record. Marg is status of women in traditionally male- not espousing that we solely privilege the dominated professions, in this case private sphere, but rather that we seek to accountancy. When accountancy began to understand the ways in which women's daily professionalize, according to Conrad and experiences intersect with "larger historical collaborator Cyndy Allen, women were forces" (Conrad 1984, 4). She also insists that deliberately kept out of higher ranks and we must move beyond conventional public designated as lower-paid clerks and sources, if we wish to study women's culture. bookkeepers, until changes began to occur in Thus began Conrad's abiding interest in the the 1960s. Even then, the authors note, study of women's personal documents: their obstacles remained for women who wanted to diaries, journals, correspondences, and qualify as chartered accountants or to memoirs. These sources, she argued, have become partners in a firm. Conrad and Allen frequently been dismissed as trivial and used survey methods to evaluate mundane: if we are to recover women's contemporary perceptions of gender historical experiences and perceptions, we differences in opportunities for advancement must treat such sources more seriously. in the field. Unsurprisingly from a 2009 Marg Conrad teamed up with Toni perspective, their 1990s survey indicated the Laidlaw and Donna Smyth in the early 1980s persistence of a glass ceiling for women in the to form the Maritime Women's Archives profession of accountancy (Allen and Conrad Project, an initiative which aimed to collect 1999). women's diaries and other autobiographical Conrad views her scholarship, not sources. By the time they published No Place merely as an academic exercise or as an Like Home, a 1988 anthology containing amusing diversion, but as an "act of political excerpts from women's diaries awakening" (Conrad 1984, 2). Thus, it is not and correspondences, they had collected over surprising that she has challenged us to look 100 life stories (Conrad 1988, 1). Marg's at history in new and different ways. In 1984, interest in women's diaries also led her to Marg predicted that the study of women's analyze the lively interwar diary of Mary culture would "transform not only how we Dulhanty, a young woman enrolled in the study women historically but also how we 'do' Commercial program at Mount Saint Vincent history generally" (Conrad 1984, 2). By this University in Halifax in 1926-27. Conrad used period, she had enlarged her analytical the diary to write a paper on growing up in the framework to accommodate not only women's interwar period in Nova Scotia, which was public lives, but also their now much-debated read before the Royal Nova Scotia Historical private sphere as well. This focus drew on Society in 1997, and published in the Journal American analyses of women's culture, of the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society in produced by such historians as Nancy Cott 1999 (Conrad 1999). Portions of Dulhanty's and Carroll Smith Rosenberg (Cott 1977; diary and a short introduction by Conrad and Smith Rosenberg 1985). While some Janne Cleveland were also included in Canadian women's historians have suggested Kathryn Carter’s 2002 anthology entitled The that this perspective had less sway in Small Details of Life: Twenty Diaries by Canada, Conrad's work provides a caveat. Women in Canada, 1830-1996 (Conrad and How might the study of women's Cleveland 2002). culture be potentially transformative, How should historians approach according to Conrad? First of all, we must women's diaries and other personal learn how to see history through the "female accounts? In a 1982 Canadian Research eye" (Conrad 1982, 2), reminiscent of the Institute for the Advancement of Women

22 Atlantis 34.2, 2010 PR www.msvu.ca/atlantis (CRIAW) publication entitled Recording not deny that it could be experienced this Angels (which was subsequently republished way). As previously noted, Marg expressed in The Neglected Majority (Prentice and concern that much of the feminist scholarship Trofimenkoff 1985) and in a CRIAW reader in Canada focused on women as victims. She on Canadian women's literary productions gravitated toward American works on (Relke 1992)), Conrad boldly contended that women's culture which emphasized the sources such as women's diaries would "turn positive agency exhibited by middle-class traditional history inside out. Instead of women who formed associations, networks ordinary lives forming the backdrop of history, and friendships. Similarly, she encouraged us the so-called 'big' political events are reduced to see the home and hearth as many women to rumours and abstractions while the daily of the 18th and 19th centuries saw it: as a rhythm of life continues to occupy the centre source of comfort and support in times of stage" (Conrad 1982, 2). In order to study change and transformation (Conrad 1984, 1- women and their daily rhythms, Marg insisted 14). For such women, there really was "no that we need a "new vocabulary," for even place like home." such "fundamental concepts" as time and Marg Conrad's enthusiasm for place "take on new meanings" amongst women's diaries may be explained not only by women in various historical contexts (Conrad their tremendous potential as expressions of 1988, 302). In a now classic piece entitled female voice and female experience, but also "'Sundays Always Make Me Think of Home': by a personal connection, namely the diary- Time and Place in Canadian W omen's writing careers of her grandmother Laura History" (initially published in a volume of Kaulback Slauenwhite (whose Depression-era conference proceedings entitled Not Just Pin diary appears in No Place Like Home), and Money (Latham and Pazdro 1984) and her mother, who has kept a diary since the reprinted in two editions of the ever-evolving 1960s. According to Conrad, her mother used women's history anthology: Rethinking to read portions of her diary to her father Canada: the Promise of Women’s History when he began to suffer from Alzheimer (Strong-Boag and Fellman 1986/1991)), disease, an example of how the personal Conrad explained that time for women was diary can "stretch" to "meet the needs" of the largely "reckoned through the prism of family," writer and her audience (Cooper 1987, 91, and that women's "life course decisions" such 96). Conrad herself kept a diary in the 1950s, as their school attendance patterns, age at a five-year diary with a plastic cover that marriage, and workforce participation, were sported a stylized image of a girl with a pony- largely directed by "family expectations, long tail. She admits that she has not had the after most men began to make choices based courage to read it and may indeed destroy it. on individual and economic considerations." She often wishes that she had kept a diary Although Marg's work embraced the ideas of "through the days when we were working so American scholars such as Tamara Hareven hard on Atlantis and fighting various good (Hareven 1982), her focus on women's time fights at Acadia," but admits she did not have and family time was a pioneering the discipline to keep a daily record (email development in Canadian historiography, for conversation between Margaret Conrad and it encouraged us to consider other forms of Bonnie Huskins, 26 April 2009). In any case, time besides the chronologies defined by Marg’s enthusiasm for women's personal male experience. texts has encouraged many colleagues and Place, for most women, according to graduate students to follow in her footsteps Conrad, was represented by "home, kin and with their own diary projects. Indeed, she has community, spaces in which women's roles been a source of support and inspiration for were clearly defined and largely valued." The this author's current project on the diaries of latter point is a significant one: Conrad was Ida Louise Martin (née Friars), a working- (and still is) urging us to look beyond the class homemaker from Saint John (New feminist critiques of domesticity as a form of Brunswick), who kept daily entries from 1945- oppression and domination (although she did 92 (Huskins and Boudreau 2005).

www.msvu.ca/atlantis PR Atlantis 34.2, 2010 23 Encouraging colleagues and graduate Pictou County, Nova Scotia; and the newest students is part of Marg Conrad's larger collection, a series of ten letters written by enthusiasm for knowledge mobilization and John and Helen MacDonald, residents of dissemination, which she views as an Prince Edward Island, between 1779 and important part of her professional 1801. responsibilities as an historian. Conrad has From her early days at Acadia created numerous opportunities for others to University to her tenure as a Canadian study the experiences of women in historical Research Chair at UNB, Marg Conrad has context, for example her promotion of the been a prominent leader and feminist pioneer Planters studies conferences and essay in the field of Canadian history. Reflecting on collections, where various works on women the trajectory of her career, she remarked in have appeared. Most notable is the volume 2003: "On a personal level, I can say that Intimate Relations: Family and Community in being part of a movement enriched my life as Planter Nova Scotia (Conrad 1995), which a historian. There are few greater academic contains historiographical pieces on family satisfactions than being involved in history by Philip Greven Jr., Bettina Bradbury, developing a new field of inquiry, especially and Ann Gorman Condon, as well as a one that echoes so loudly in public life" diverse range of works on Planter women, (Forum 2003). Indeed, Marg has been such as Gwendolyn Davies' "Gendered instrumental in determining the direction of Responses: The Seccombe Diaries," women's history and women’s studies "as a Elizabeth Mancke's "At the Counter of the new field of inquiry" in Canada. As a feminist General Store: W omen and the Economy in and public historian, she has also encouraged Eighteenth-Century Horton, Nova Scotia," and us to use our scholarship and teaching to Judith Norton's "The Dark Side of Planter Life: create a better world for women and for all Reported Cases of Domestic Violence." Canadians, so that our contributions will Marg Conrad also actively promotes continue to echo loudly in public life. In that women's history amongst undergraduate sense, Marg Conrad has changed the way we students. The Canadian history texts penned "do" history! by herself and Alvin Finkel - both volumes of the History of the Canadian Peoples series Acknowledgements (Conrad and Finkel 2009, vols. 1 & 2), I would like to thank Linda Kealey for her Canada: A National History (Conrad and contributions to this article, and for Finkel 2007), and the anthologies coordinating the panel in honour of Margaret Foundations (Conrad and Finkel, 2008) and Conrad, held at the Atlantic Canada Studies Nation and Society (Conrad and Finkel 2008) Conference in May 2009. - have done more to gender Canadian history than any of the survey texts currently References available. Moreover, Conrad does not stop at Allen, C. and M. Conrad. "Who's Accounting? the boundaries of academia: much of her Women Chartered Accountants in Nova work as a at UNB Scotia," Challenging Professions: Historical has involved providing public access to and Contemporary Perspectives on Women's women's history by mounting various Professional Work, E. Smyth, S. Acker, P. collections of primary documents on the web. Bourne and A. Prentice, eds. Toronto: As part of the Atlantic Canada Portal initiative, University of Toronto Press, 1999, pp. 255-76. Conrad and her team have created a virtual archives, featuring a number of collections Committee on the Status of W omen at Acadia which highlight the experiences of women in University. Report on the Status of Women at various historical contexts. Relevant sites Acadia University: Presented to President include Loyalist Women in New Brunswick; J.M.R. Beveridge, February 1978. Wolfville: the personal and family correspondences of Committee on the Status of W omen at Acadia Loyalist patriarch Edward Winslow; the letters University, 1978. of a farming family, the MacQueens, from

24 Atlantis 34.2, 2010 PR www.msvu.ca/atlantis Conrad, M. Recording Angels: The Private _____, ed. Intimate Relations: Family and Chronicles of Women from the Maritime Community in Planter Nova Scotia 1759- Provinces of Canada, 1750-1850. Ottawa: 1800. Planters Series No. 3. Fredericton: CRIAW, 1982. Acadiensis Press, 1995.

_____."The Re-Birth of Canada's Past: A _____. "Keep It Complex: Feminist Decade of Women's History," Acadiensis 12.2 Pedagogies in a Post-Modernist, Post- (Spring 1983): 141-62 Structuralist, Post-Colonialist, Post-Feminist W orld," Teaching Women's History: _____, with E. Rice and P. Townsend. Challenges and Solutions, B. Bradbury, F. Women at Acadia University: The First Fifty Iacovetta and J. Sangster, eds. Athabasca: Years, 1884-1934. Kentville: Acadia Athabasca University, 1995. University, 1983. _____. "Not a Feminist But...: The Political _____."'Sundays Always Make Me Think of Career of Ellen Louks Fairclough, Canada's Home': Time and Place in Canadian First Female Federal Cabinet Minister," Women's History," Not Just Pin Money: Journal of Canadian Studies 31, 2 (Summer Selected Essays on the History of Women's 1996): 5-28. Work in British Columbia, B. K. Latham and R. J. Pazdro, eds. Victoria: Camosun College, _____. Women, Work, and Well-Being in 1984, pp. 1-16. Atlantic Canada: Final Report on a Conference Held in Halifax 30 April-1 May _____. George Nowlan: Maritime 1998. Halifax: Mount Saint Vincent University, Conservative in National Politics. Toronto: 1998. University of Toronto Press, 1986a. _____. "'But Such is Life': Growing Up in _____. "Out of the Kitchen and Into the Nova Scotia in the Interwar Years," Journal of Curriculum: W omen's Studies in Maritime the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society 2 Canada," Teaching Maritime Studies, P. (1999): 1-26. Buckner, ed. Fredericton: Acadiensis Press, 1986b, pp. 108-18. _____ and B. Moody, eds. Planter Links: Community and Culture in Colonial Nova _____, T. Laidlaw and D. Smyth, eds. No Scotia. Planters Series No. 4. Fredericton: Place like Home: Diaries and Letters of Nova Acadiensis Press, 2001. Scotia Women, 1771-1938. Halifax: Formac, 1988. _____, ed. Active Engagements: A Collection of Lectures by the Holders of Nancy's Chair in _____, ed. They Planted Well: New England Women's Studies, 1986-1998. Halifax: Planters in Maritime Canada. Planters Series Institute for the Study of Women, Mount Saint No. 1. Fredericton: Acadiensis Press, 1988. Vincent University, 2001.

_____ and D. Looker. The Marginal Majority: _____ and J. Hiller. Atlantic Canada: A A Report to the President on the Status of Region in the Making. Don Mills: Oxford Women at Acadia, 1990. W olfville: Acadia University Press, 2001. University Presidential Advisory Committee on _____ with J. Cleveland. "'But Such is Life in the Status of W omen, 1990. a Large City': Mary Dulhanty's Mount Saint Vincent Diary, 1926-27," The Small Details of _____, ed. Making Adjustments: Change and Life: Twenty Diaries by Women in Canada, Continuity in Planter Nova Scotia 1759-1800. 1830-1996, K. Carter, ed. Toronto: University Planters Series No. 2. Fredericton: Acadiensis of Toronto Press, 2002. Press, 1991.

www.msvu.ca/atlantis PR Atlantis 34.2, 2010 25 _____. "Wanted Female Legislators: We Huskins, B. and M. Boudreau. "'Daily Need Gender Parity in Canadian Politics," Allowances': Literary Conventions and Daily Halifax Sunday Herald 16 February 2003a. Life in the Diaries of Ida Louise Martin (née Friars), Saint John, New Brunswick, 1945- _____. "Addressing the Democratic Deficit: 1992," Acadiensis, XXXIV, 2 (Spring 2005): Women and Political Culture in Atlantic 88-108. Canada," Atlantis: A Women's Studies Journal 27.2 (2003b): 82-89. Kealey, L., ed. A Not Unreasonable Claim: Women and Reform in Canada, 1880s-1920s. _____ and J. Hiller. Atlantic Canada: A Toronto: Women's Press, 1979. Concise History. Don Mills: Oxford University Press, 2006. Latham, B. and R. Pazdro, eds. Not Just Pin Money: Selected Essays on the History of _____ and A. Finkel. Canada: A National Women's Work in British Columbia. Victoria: History. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada, Camosun College, 1984. 2007. Le Collectif Clio: L'Histoire des Femmes au _____. Foundations: Readings in Pre- Quebec depuis Quatre Siecles. Montreal: Les Confederation Canadian History. vol. Quinze, editeur, 1982. 1.Toronto: Pearson Education Canada, 2008. Pierson, R. and A. Prentice "Feminism and _____. Nation and Society: Readings in Post- the Writing and Teaching of History," Atlantis: Confederation History. vol. 2. Toronto: A Women's Studies Journal, 7.2 (Spring Pearson Education Canada, 2008. 1982): 37-46.

_____. History of the Canadian Peoples: Prentice, A. and S. Mann Trofimenkoff eds. Beginnings to 1867. vol. 1 Toronto: Pearson The Neglected Majority. Vol. 2 Toronto: Education Canada, 2009. McClelland & Stewart, 1985.

_____. History of the Canadian Peoples: 1867 Relke, D., ed. The CRIAW Reader: Papers on to the Present. vol. 2. Toronto: Pearson Literary Productions by Canadian Women. Education Canada, 2009. Ottawa: CRIAW, 1992.

Cooper, J. "Shaping Meaning: W omen's Smith Rosenberg, C. Disorderly Conduct: Diaries. Journals and Letters - The Old and Visions of Gender in Victorian America. New The New," Women's Studies International York: Oxford, 1985. Forum, 10.1 (1987): 95-99. Strong-Boag, V. and A. Fellman, eds., Cott, N. The Bonds of Womanhood: Rethinking Canada: the Promise of Women's "Women's Sphere" in New England, 1780- History I and II. Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman, 1835. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986/1991. 1977. ______

Fairclough, E. Saturday's Child: Memoirs of Conrad, the Textbook Writer Canada's First Female Cabinet Minister. ALVIN FINKEL, Athabasca University, is co-author Introduction by M. Conrad. Toronto: University with Marg Conrad of two volumes of History of the of Toronto Press, 1995. Canadian Peoples as well as Canada: A National History. He is also the author of a number of Hareven, T. Family Time and Industrial Time: books including Social Policy and Practice in the Relationship Between the Family and Canada: A History, Business and Social Reform in Work in a New England Industrial Community. the Thirties, and The Social Credit Phenomenon in Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Alberta. 1982.

26 Atlantis 34.2, 2010 PR www.msvu.ca/atlantis