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APPENDIX: GROUP , , AND PRODUCTIONS

Group Theatre Productions Season/Play Director Designer Playwright Performances 1931–1932 The House of Connelly Strasberg Green 91 1931– Strasberg Gorelik Siftons 12 Night over Taos Strasberg Anderson 13 1932–1933 Success Story Strasberg Gorelik Lawson 121 Big Night Crawford Gorelik Powell 7 1933–1934 Men in White Strasberg Gorelik Kingsley 351 Gentlewoman Strasberg Gorelik Lawson 12 1934–1935 Gold Eagle Guy Strasberg Oenslager Levy 65 Awake and Sing! Clurman Aronson Odets 184 and Odets/ Odets 144 Meisner 1935–1936 Weep for the Virgins Crawford Aronson Child 9

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© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 263 C. Baron, Modern Acting, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-40655-2 264 APPENDIX: GROUP THEATRE, ALFRED LUNT, AND KATHARINE CORNELL ...

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Paradise Lost Clurman Aronson Odets 73 Case of Clyde Griffi ths Strasberg Barratt Piscator 19 1936–1937 Johnny Johnson Strasberg Oenslager Green 68 1937–1938 Clurman Gorelik Odets 250 Casey Jones Kazan Gorelik Ardrey 25 1938–1939 Rocket to the Moon Clurman Gorelik Odets 131 The Gentle People Clurman Aronson Shaw 141 1939–1940 My Heart’ s in the Lewis Andrews Saroyan 44 Highland Thunder Rock Kazan Gorelik Ardrey 23 Clurman Gorlelik Odets 20 1940–1941 Retreat to Pleasure Clurman Oenslager Shaw 23 Productions Featuring Alfred Lunt 1931–1932 Elizabeth the Queen 264 1932–1933 135 1934–1935 Point Valaine 55 1935–1936 129 Idiot’ s Delight 300 1937–1938 Amphitryon 38 153 41 1939–1940 There Shall Be No 115 Night 1940–1941 66 APPENDIX: GROUP THEATRE, ALFRED LUNT, AND KATHARINE CORNELL ... 265

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Productions Featuring Katharine Cornell 1932–1933 Lucrece 31 Alien Corn 98 1933–1934 Jezebel 32 1934–1935 Romeo and 77 The Barretts of Wimpole 24 (revival: Street 1931 production, 370 performances) Flowers of the Forest 40 1935–1936 15 89 1936–1937 The Wingless Victory 110 50 1938–1939 185 1940–1941 The Doctor’ s Dilemma 121 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 267 C. Baron, Modern Acting, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-40655-2 268 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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A Acting style, xiv, xx, xxv, 41, 61, 66, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and 70, 76, 81, 178, 199, 208–9, Sciences, xxi 249, 250, 252, 253 Across the Board on Tomorrow Action, xvii, 17, 22–5, 27, 28, 31–3, Morning , 80 52–5, 58, 74, 96–7, 101, 104–5, Acting 114, 125, 144, 147–8, 162–3, building characterizations, xiii–xv, 220, 255, 256 xxi, xxiii–xxiv, 10, 22–4, 26, as seen by Actors’ Laboratory, 31–4, 36, 41–2, 45–6, 49, 58, 49–52, 197 63, 75, 77, 100–1, 104, 126, as seen by studio drama coaches, xv, 144, 146, 162, 164, 171–4, 42–3, 46, 175, 176, 178, 221, 176, 178, 197, 199–224, 229–30, 232–6, 241 229–30, 234, 238, 246, 255–7 Actor inspiration vs. technique, 19, 50, 73, 90 from a humanist vs. psychoanalytic stage and screen, xxiv, 4–5, 7, perspective, xxi, 27, 31, 34, 53, 16–17, 104, 117–18, 165, 179, 100, 197, 246, 256 219–42, 254–6 guided by playwright’s vision, 22, twenty-fi rst century, xiii, xvi, xxi, 32, 55, 96, 97, 233 3–5, 170, 254–6 as mentor, 93, 172, 179–80 Acting experts, xxiii, 48, 53, 57, 171, opposing views of actor training, 20, 173, 181, 243, 250 24, 26, 29, 32–3, 41–2, 44, 55, gender disparities, 79, 181, 184 58, 184, 196–7, 213, 238, uncredited directors, 99, 173, 182 246–7, 254, 256–7 see also dialogue directors ; drama as prism, 197, 213, 233 coaches Actors’ agency, 17, 52, 54, 229

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 279 C. Baron, Modern Acting, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-40655-2 280 INDEX

Actors’ Equity Association, 87 Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, Actors’ Laboratory in Hollywood, The , 156 xviii, xxi, xxiii, xxiv, 41, 48, 53, Adventures of Superman, The , 157 93, 105, 189–215, 219, 225, Affective memory, 27–8 233, 235–7, 243, 244, 246, 249, Albert, Eddie, 103 250, 252 Alberti, Madame Eva, xvii, xxvii, 146 Cold War politics, 193, 201–9 Albertson, Lillian, x, xiv, xvii, xviii, Group Theatre members, xiv, 48, xxiv, xxv, 8, 10, 12, 33, 171, 120, 190 230–8, 231 , 248 social-political orientation, 189–96 Alice in Wonderland , 92 theatre productions, 64, 189, 192 Alison’s House , 92 war effort, 190, 191, 193, 202, 211 Al Jackson Players, 114 Actors’ Society of America, 87 All about Eve , 103, 166, 225 Actors Studio in New York, xvi, xxii, All My Sons , 71, 210 7–9, 33, 55, 70, 72–3, 76–80, 83, American Academy of Dramatic 191–2, 208–9, 244, 250, 251, Arts, x, xiv, xviii, xxiii, xxv, 48, 258, 259 80–1, 95, 113, 116, 123, 131, Adams, Julie, 224, 258 137–53, 165, 168, 172, 192, Adams, Maude, 118 200, 219, 237, 243, 244, 249, Adam’s Rib , 223, 239 250, 252 Adler, Buddy, 166 actors associated with the Academy, Adler, Jacob, 9, 66 137–42, 150 Adler, Luther, 9, 63, 64, 78, 120, 124, actor training program, 142–50 126, 127, 129, 130 , 158 American acting history, xi, xiv, Adler, Mortimer, 98 xvi–xvii, xx, xxiv, 6–9, 15, 33, 71, Adler, Sara, 9 75, 76, 79, 81, 88, 113, 128, Adler, Stella, ix, xvi, xxi, 9, 22, 26, 41, 148, 165, 168, 192, 199, 208, 52, 64, 64 , 78, 119, 119, 129, 244, 248, 252, 257 248, 249 American Laboratory Theatre, xxi, affi liation with Stanislavsky, xvii, 48, xxii, 6, 19, 26–8, 48, 49, 87, 71, 125, 247 97–9, 101, 107, 122, 124, 125, American Laboratory Theatre, xxi, 193, 199, 247 98, 124 American , confrontation with Lee Strasberg, 93, 200 xvi–xvii, 124–5, 247 Anderson, James, 194 Group Theatre, xxi, 122, 124, Anderson, Judith, 70 126, 127 Anderson, Maxwell, 62 mentor of , 6, And Now Tomorrow , 179 77–80 Andrews, Dana, 80, 155, 157, 167 Modern acting teacher, xiv–xv, xxv, Angels with Dirty Faces , 113 xxvii, 22–3, 53, 87, 168, 219, Anna Christie , 112, 115 237, 248 Anne of Green Gables , 167 INDEX 281

Anticommunists, xx, 72, 193, 202, Barrymore, Ethel, 69, 88, 99, 118, 204, 244, 251, 252 . See also 237 blacklist Barrymore, John, 88, 98, 99, 112, Antoine, André, xxiv 179, 237 , 70, 155 leading actor of his era, 6–7, 83, 99, Appia, Adolphe, 19, 21, 221 244 Applause , 117 Barrymore, Lionel, 88, 99 Archer, William, 145 Barrymore, Maurice, 66 Arch Street Theatre, 88 , 7 Arliss, George, 36, 68 Bataan , 156 Aronson, Boris, xiv, 63, 263, 264 Baxter, Anne, 103 Arthur, Jean, x, 222–4 Bear, The , 206 Arzner, Dorothy, 99 Beau Brummel , 179 Asher, Jerry, 166, 166 Beau Geste , 12 Astaire, Fred, xxviii, 10 Belasco Company, 173 Astor, Mary, 116, 179 Belasco, David, 222 Astor Place Riot, 66, 71 Bel Geddes, Barbara, 76 Auerbach, George, 98 Bel Geddes, Norman, xiv, 98, 172 Auntie Mame , 141 Bellamy, Ralph, 114 Auteur , 222, 244 Bell for Adano, A , 69, 202 Avery, Elizabeth, 161 Ben-Ami, Jacob, 65, 74, 101, 138 Awake and Sing! , ix, 9, 62–4, 64 , 65, Benjamin, Walter, 220, 225 73, 118, 126, 201, 263 Berg, Gertrude, 145 Bergman, Ingrid, 237–8 Berkeley Square , 68 B Berman, Pandro, 177 Bacall, Lauren, 81, 137, 141 Bernhardt, Sarah, 118 Bad and the Beautiful, The , 7 Berry, John, 192 Baggett, Lynne, 193 Best Years of Our Lives, The , 155, 176 Baker, George Pierce, 98 , 140 Ball, Lucille, x, 177, 177 Bible , 91, 100 Bancroft, Anne, 137 Bigger than Life , 158 Banjo Eyes , 176 Biggest Thief in Town, The , 208 Banker’s Daughter, The , 208, 210 Big Knife, The , 210 Bankhead, Tallulah, 69, 75 Big Lake , 98 Baright, Anna, 97 Big Night , 121, 263 Bari, Lynn, 172 Bill of Divorcement, A , 98, 239 Barker, Margaret, 123–5 Blacklist, 35, 64, 191, 192, 199, 204, Barnes, Natalie, 211 205, 208, 211, 251, 252, 259, Barr, Anthony, 210 260 . See also anticommunists Barretts of Wimpole Street, The , 70, Blackmer, Sidney, 76 265 Blanke, Henry, 212 282 INDEX

Blankfort, Henry, 211 Brando, Marlon, xxii, 6, 70, 71, 74, Blinn, Holbrook, ix, 89, 90 , 237 77–9, 81 Bliss Hayden School, 151 as exemplar of Method acting style, Blondell, Joan, 118 6, 76–7, 78, 253–4 Blonde Venus , 67 opposition to Lee Strasberg, 78 Bloomgarden, Kermit, 127, training with Stella Adler, 6, 77–80 129, 130 Brand, Phoebe, xxii, 50, 64, 120, 122, Blue Dahlia, The , 179 130, 190 Bob Cummings Show, The , 141 Actors’ Laboratory, 48, 49, 190, Bogart, Humphrey, 114, 115, 130 192, 193, 210, 213 Bohnen, Roman (Bud), ix, x, xxii, Group Theatre, 64, 118, 124, 127, 120, 128, 130, 195, 200, 201, 129 207, 211, 215, 252 sense-memory workshop, 49, 51, 58 Actors’ Laboratory, xxiv, 48, 190–2, Brandt, Janet, 48 193, 200, 214 Brent, George, 116 death, 64, 206–8 Bridges, Lloyd, 191–3 Group Theatre, 63, 121–2, 123, Bringing up Baby , 222–3 125–7, 129, 130 British infl uence, xxii, 62, 65–9, 74, response to The Fervent Years , 116–17, 254, 256–7 200–1 Anglo-Saxon actors and traditions, Tenney Committee, 204–6, 252 70, 73, 80 Boleslavsky, Richard, xiv, xvii, 57, 99, Astor Place Riot, 66, 71 107, 111, 146, 162, 199 disparaged by and Lee American Laboratory Theatre, xxii, Strasberg, 71–3, 221 26, 27, 97–9 White Anglo-Saxon Protestant Broadway productions, 98, 99 (WASP), 69–72, 80 Hollywood productions, 6, 13, 18, Broadway, xiii, xxvii, 62–3, 66, 69–71, 99, 116 74–7, 80–1, 92–3, 98–9, 222, Modern acting views, 19, 99–101 237 Moscow Art Theatre, 6, 97 and Actors’ Laboratory in vs. Lee Strasberg, 19, 99–101 Hollywood, 201, 205 Bonstelle, Jessie, 113, 114, 172 and American Academy of Dramatic Boomerang , 76 Art, 145, 148 Booth, Edwin, 36, 88 as audition site and training ground, Boroff, George, 210 xxii–xxiii, 115, 116, 131, Boston College of Oratory, 96 138–42 Boucicault, Dion, 95, 146 Broadway–Hollywood connection, Bowlby, Marguerite, 159 xxiii, xxv, 3–4, 6–7, 9, 10, 12, Boyer, Charles, 99 102, 111–31 Bragin, J. George, 193 decline starting in 1920s, xx, 112, Brand, Neville, 194 120, 122, 131, 208, 244, Brando, Dorothy, 115 251, 259 INDEX 283

and Group Theatre, 118–31 California State Senate Fact-Finding and Pasadena Playhouse, 156, 167, Committee on Un-American 168 Activities . See Tenney Committee and studio drama coaches, 172, Calthrop, Gladys, 62 176, 230, 231, 246 Calvert, Louis, 146, 162–4 see also theatre Camille , 112 Brody, Adrien, 56 Candida , 70, 265 Bromberg, J. Edward, x, xxi, 93, 209 , Cape Playhouse, 93, 114, 115 252 Capra, Frank, 13, 116, 130, 223 Actors’ Laboratory, 48–9, 190–2, Carlson, Oliver, 203 193 Carnovsky, Morris, x, xxii, 64, 83, Group Theatre, 63–4, 118, 122, 120, 130, 139, 198, 234, 236 124, 214 Actors’ Laboratory, 48, 49, 54, 57, Hollywood Theatre Alliance, 211 190, 192, 193, 197, 210, 213, Tenney Committee, 204–6, 208 214 Brook, Clive, 67, 117 Group Theatre, 64, 122, 124, 126, Brook, Peter, 26 127, 129 Brothers Karamazov, The , x, 139 , 139, 190 Brown, Gilmor, x, xiv, xvii–xviii, 21, Caro, Jacobina, 49, 190, 191, 206, 80, 146, 158–62, 165, 219, 210, 211 243–4 Case of Clyde Griffi ths, The , 121, 126, Gilmor’s boys, 157–8, 167 127, 264 Modern acting views, xxiii, 21, Cassavetes, John, 137 162–5 Casting Brown, Phil, 48, 192, 193, 214 casting directors, 7, 80, 88, 116, Brown, Vanessa, 132 117, 122, 129, 140, 155, 165, Bulgakov, Leo, 122 173, 178, 181–3, 254, 259 Bulldog Drummond , 11, 12, 68 Cat on a Hot Tin Roof , 76 Burlesque, 117, 202 Cavalcade , 68 Burns (Sidney), Lillian, x, 173–5, 175, Chaikin, Joseph, 249 176, 178, 181, 182, 187, 220, Challee, William, 123 221, 226, 232, 237 Chandler, Jeff, 258 Burr, Raymond, 156, 157 Chanin, Gerry, 191, 192, 211 Chaplin, Charles, 12 Character vis-à-vis actor, xv–xvii, 5, C 15–16, 27, 31–3, 36, 42–55, 58, Cabot, Bruce, ix, 42, 43 , 56 71, 75, 77, 95–7, 99, 101, Cabot, Susan, 258 104–5, 246, 248, 256–7 Cagney, James, 118, 194 as seen by Actors’ Laboratory, Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, The , 157 196–7, 199, 201, 210, 213 Calhern, Louis, 70 as seen by American Academy of California Institute for the Arts, 256 Dramatic Arts , 138–9, 143–9 284 INDEX

as seen by Pasadena Playhouse, “American” identity and acting 162–4, 168 style , xxiv, 73, 249, 253 as seen by stage and screen actors, see also anticommunists; blacklist 219–38 Colman, Ronald, ix, xxi, 11–15, 14, as seen by studio drama coaches, 67–9, 99, 111, 222, 258 171–6, 178–81, 184 Colton, Araby, 211 Chastain, Jessica, 138 Columbia Pictures, 93, 185, Chatterton, Ruth, 12 191, 257 Chekhov, Anton, ix, xiv, 23, 62–3, 70, Columbia University, xxvii, 258 80, 92, 206, 221 Combs, Richard, 203 Chekhov, Michael, xiii, 56, 78, 201–2, Come and Get It , 129 214, 249 Comédie Française, 93 Cheney, Sheldon, 162, 169 Communist front, 193, 203, 205, Cherry Orchard, The , 92 206, 208, 211 Child, Nellise, 118 Communist Party, 203–5 Circle in the Square, 259 Concentration, xxi, 10–12, 17, 23, Citadel, The , 68 30–3, 42, 45, 51, 54, 58, 71, Citizen Kane , 141 96–7, 99, 146, 148, 163, 180, Civic Repertory Theatre, 62, 91–3, 219, 232, 235–6 98, 126 Conscious approach to acting, Civic Theatre School, xxvi xxi, 41–3, 45, 49–52, 54, Playhouse, 113, 156 55, 97, 163, 171, 195, 197, Clift, Montgomery, xxii, 6, 69, 198, 201, 213, 226, 227, 75–6, 81 238, 247 as exemplar of Method acting, 74, Conservatoire method, 94, 212 76, 79–80, 253–4 Conte, Richard, 48 opposition to Strasberg’s Method, Contract players, x, 10, 42, 166, 74–5 171–4, 176–8, 180, 182, 187, training with Lunt and Fontanne, 199, 228, 232, 245, 258 75, 80, 94 at the Actors’ Laboratory, 56, 131, Clive of India , 13, 99 191, 193–4, 202 Clurman, Harold, 6, 8, 63, 77, 78, 83, contract player system, 184, 243 119, 120, 122–9, 130, 160, Conway, Curt, 190 200–1, 260, 263, 264 Cook, George Cram, 20, 34, 94 Cobb, Lee J., 71, 80, 120, 127, 129, Cooper, Gary, 11, 62, 111, 223 130, 130 Cooper, Maudie Prickett, 164 Coburn, Charles, 99 Copeau, Jacques, xxiv, 98 Cocoon , 141 Coquelin, Constant, 145, 146 Cohan, George M., 117 Corday, Mara, 258 Colbert, Claudette, 116, 173 Corey, Jeff, 49, 189–91, 195, 202, Cold War, xx, xxiv 64, 192, 202, 210, 211, 213 251 Cormack, Bartlett, 138 INDEX 285

Cornell, Katharine, xxviii, 62, 69, 70, D 94, 120, 121, 123, 142, 237, 265 DaCosta, Morton, 141 Cornell University, 145 Dancing Lady , 118 Costume designers, 7, 183 Dandridge, Dorothy, 205–6 Count of Monte Cristo, The , 21 Dane, Clemence, 98 Cousins, Kay, 210 D’Angelo, Aristide, 145–7, 148, 152 Coward, Noël, x, 62, 63 , 67, 70, 73 American Academy of Dramatic Coy, Walter, 119, 120, 122 Arts, 144, 145, 147, 150 Craig, Edward Gordon, 21, 34, 146, Jehlinger’s Method, 145, 147, 152 221–2 D’Angelo, Evelyn, 145 “Actor and the Übermarionette, Dangerous , 118 The,” 20, 35 Dark Angel, The , 12, 13 Lee Strasberg’s appreciation for, 20, Dark at the Top of the Stairs, The , 76 24, 25 Dassin, Jules, 35, 191, 192 women as impediment to art, 35, Davenport, Mary, 121, 191 93, 106 Davis, Bette, 15, 53–4, 67, 103, Craig, Louise, 211 114–6, 118, 132, 166, 179 Crawford, Cheryl, 8–9, 82, 93, 120, script analysis, 232, 236 122, 126, 127, 193, 200, 251, stage and screen acting, 219–20, 225 259, 263 Davison, Sidney, 206, 211 Crawford, Joan, 99, 118, 132 Day at the Races, A , 10 Creative labor, xx, xiii, 6–7, 32, 42, Day of the Locust, The , 7 47, 52, 179, 234, 249, 257 Dead End , 130 Crews, Laura Hope, 117 Dead Reckoning , x, 198, 219 Cronyn, Hume, 48, 49, 117, 141, Dean, James, 61, 74, 79 150, 192, 193, 200, 219, 225, Death of a Salesman , 71, 80 232 Declaration , 204–5 Crosby, Bing, 173 Deep Are the Roots , 70 Crossfi re , 194 DeFore, Don, 156, 158 Crothers, Rachel, 87, 96 de Havilland, Olivia, 15, 173 Cukor, George, ix, 14, 14 , 67, 112, DeMille, Cecil B., 66, 165 114, 182 Design for Living , ix, 62–4, 65, 73, 264 collaboration with Katharine Detroit Civic Theatre, 113, 172 Hepburn , x, 98, 117, 222, Devil’s Garden, The , 230 223, 239 Devil to Pay!, The , 13 Cummings, Robert, 141 Dewhurst, Colleen, 141 Curry College . See School of Dialect coaches, 171, 199 Expression Dialogue, 23, 25, 46, 63, 77, 116, Curry, Samuel Silas, 95, 97, 142 179, 227, 229, 232 Curtis, Tony, 258 silent dialogue, 23, 33, 43–4, 227 Cushman, Charlotte, 88 see also mental pictures and Cyrano de Bergerac , 246 conversations 286 INDEX

Dialogue directors, xxiii, 33, 171–3, Driving Miss Daisy , 234–5 192, 230, 243 . See also acting Dr. Kildare , 13 experts; drama coaches Dual focus, 163–4, 168, 236 Diction , 45, 49, 100, 103, 105, 173, Dunham, Katherine, 77 174, 199, 227 Dunne, Irene, 57, 107 Diction coaches, 171, 172, 199, 246 Duse, Eleanor, 65 Diderot, Denis, 145, 241 Dieterle, William, 120, 212 Dietrich, Marlene, 67, 99 E Dillon, Josephine, x, ix, xvi–xviii, 8, Eagels, Jeanne, 67 12, 19, 33, 43 , 177, 179, 228, Eames, Clare, 26, 138 236, 241 East of Eden , 61, 74, 79 Modern acting teacher, xiv, xxi, xxv, Edwards, James, 202 10, 20–1, 23, 41–5, 53, 87, El Capitan College of Theatre, 151 237, 248, 257 Eldridge, , 69 Pasadena Playhouse, 158, Eliscu, Edward, 208 162, 168 Elizabeth the Queen , 62, 264 stage and screen acting, xxiv, El Patio Theatre, 207 225–31, 240, 255–6 Emerson, Charles, 95, 96, 142 Disraeli , 68 Emerson College of Oratory, Distant Isle , 206 96, 97 Dmytryk, Edward, 192, 194 Emotion, xvii, xxii, 8, 13, 17, 36, 63, D.O.A. , 9 96, 117, 148, 160, 197, 212, Dodsworth , ix, 102, 102 237, 247–50, 254–6 Doll’s House, A , 23, 89, 105 Modern acting view, xv–xvii, 31–2, Dolman, John, 146 42, 44–50, 53–5, 78, 100–1, Donat, Robert, 68 104–5, 125, 143–4, 146–9, Double Life, A , ix, 14, 69 163–4, 198, 213, 221, 226–9, Douglas, Kirk, ix, 137, 141, 233–6 142, 150 Strasberg’s view, xv–xvii, 24–6, Douglas, Melvyn, 107, 118 28–9, 32, 53–5, 59, 65, 71, Drama coaches, xiv, xvii, xxiii, 6, 8, 93, 122, 238, 246, 249 103, 114, 140, 155, 156, Emotional labor, 183 171–85, 221, 224, 225, 230, Emotional memory, 20, 25, 27–8, 232, 243, 249 . See also acting 30–1, 38, 45–6, 54, 56–7, 58, 81, experts; dialogue directors 124–5 Dream of Passion, A (fi lm), 35 Empire Theatre, 95–6 Drew, Georgiana, 66 Empire Dramatic School, 95 Drew, John, 118 Enfi eld, Cy , 211 Drew, Mrs. John, 88 Enright, Florence, 176, 185 Dr. H. R. Palmer’s Summer School of 20th Century Fox, 176, 224 Music, xxvii Universal, 176, 244 INDEX 287

Ensemble performance, xviii, 20, 34, Fiske, Richard, 121, 191 72, 91, 94, 148, 163, 164, 201, Flag Is Born, A , 78 213, 221 Flanagan, Hallie, 94 Awake and Sing! , ix, 64, 65, 73 Fleming, Victor, 11, 115 Design for Living , 62, 63, 65, 73 , 112 Minnie Maddern Fiske, 89, 90 Flynn, Errol, 68, 166 Moscow Art Theatre, 61, 97, 107, Fonda, Henry, xxii, 115 160, 177–8 Fontanne, Lynn, ix, xxviii, 62–3, 63 , Erickson, Leif, 76, 129, 130 69, 73, 75, 76, 80, 83, 94 Erie Playhouse, 113 Foolish Notion , 69 Evelyn Prentice , 141 Ford, Friendly, 122 Evils of Tobacco, The , 206 Ford, John, 68, 140, 173, 222 Ewell, Tom, 114 Ford Theatre Hour , 245 Forrest, Edwin, 36, 66 Four Feathers, The , 68 F Fowler, Frank, 155 Fabray, Nanette, 70 Foxhole in the Parlor , 75 Fairbanks, Douglas, 12 Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man , 102 Fall Guy, The , 199 French, Samuel, 121 Falstaff , 99 Freund, Karl, 212 Farmer, Frances, x, 80, 127, 128 , 129, Fried, Walter, 129, 130 130 Frohman, Charles, xix, 88, 93, Farmer, Mary Virginia, 123, 124, 190, 95–6, 222 191, 210 From Here to Eternity , 74, 76 Farmer Takes a Wife, The , 115 Fuller, Frances, 147 Father Knows Best , 155 Fuller, Lance, 258 , 94, 145, 190, 202 Feminist scholarship, xvi, xxviii, 6, 7, G 254 Gable, Clark, xiv, 68, 99, 116, 130 Feningston, Sylvia, 123, 124 Garbo, Greta, 12, 112, 115 Fields, Betty, 141 Garden of Allah, The , 99 52nd Street , 120 Gardner, Ava, 173 Film , xiii–xxv, 3–12, 42, 67, 113, Garfi eld, John (Jules), 64, 64, 103, 115–6, 120, 138, 141, 148, 118, 120, 125, 127, 199–201 158–9, 165, 181, 219–43, 251, Garland, Judy, 173 256 . See also Hollywood Garrick Players, 102 Fiske, Harrison Grey, 89 Garson, Greer, 68–9, 221 Fiske, Minnie Maddern, ix, xxii, 36, Garwood, Alice, 146, 162 66, 89, 90 , 93–4, 100, 115, 160, Gassner, John, 199 221, 237 Gaye, Lisa, 258 Modern acting views, 89–91, 105 Gaynor, Janet, 111 288 INDEX

Gazzara, Ben, 76 Graham, Martha, 242 Gender , xxvi, 6, 35, 181–4, 253 Granite , 98 Gentleman’s Agreement , 76 Grant, Cary, x, 67–9, 118, 141, Gentle People, The , 9, 129, 130, 264 222–3, 224 Gentlewoman , 121, 263 Granville-Baker, Harley, xxiv, 143 Gershwin, Ira, 211 Grasso, Giovanni, 65 Gest, Morris, 66 Great Lie, The , 116 Ghosts , 23 Green Acres , 103 Gibbs, Isabell, 211 Green Grow the Lilacs , 98 Gilbert, Jody, 191, 192, 195, 211 Grimes, Luke, 138 Gilbert, John, 12 Grotowski, Jerzy, xiii Gilder, Rosamond, xvii Group Theatre, x, ix, xvi–xvii, Gillette, William, 145 xxi–xxiii, 7–9, 33, 52, 62–4, 73, Gish, Lillian, 12 76, 78–80, 93, 98, 99, 103, 111, Given circumstances, 25, 58, 176 115–16, 118–31, 130 , 145, 158, Modern acting view, 22, 31, 49, 50, 177–8, 247, 251, 252, 254, 52, 53, 101, 175, 178–80, 197, 263–4 229, 232 and Actors’ Laboratory in Strasberg’s view, 25, 27 Hollywood, xiv, xxiv, 41, 48, Glaspell, Susan, 20, 92, 94 190–1, 192, 195, 199–202, Goddard, Paulette, 173 258 Gogol, Nikolai, 214 Guardsman, The , 62 Goldbergs, The , 145 Gold Eagle Guy , 125, 127, 263 Golden Boy (fi lm), 116, 158, 166 H Golden Boy (play), x, 9, 116, 121, Hagan, James, 245 127–8, 128 , 129, 158, 199, 264 Hagen, Uta, 93 Goldwyn, Samuel, 12, 14, 15, 68, Hale, Barbara, 176–7 155, 176, 222, 258 Halsey, Brett, 258 Goodbye, Mr. Chips , 68 , 69, 93, 237, 244 Goodman, Edward, 144–5 Hammerstein, Oscar, 98, 156 Goodman Memorial Theatre, 113, Hammett, Dashiell, 211 122–3, 151, 158 Hampton, Ruth, 258 Gordin, Jacob, 66 Hansen, Myrna, 258 Gordon, Michael, 129, 130, 192, 193, Hard Way, The , ix, 201 213 Harman, Estelle, 246 Gordon, Robert H., 98 Hart, Moss, 178 Gordon, Ruth, 69, 70, 138 Hathaway, Anne, 138 Gorelik, Mordecai, xiv, 199, 263, 264 Hathaway, Joan, 192 Goslar, Lotte, 49 Hawks, Howard, x, 11, 74, 75, 112, Gough, Lloyd, 204, 207 114, 129, 141, 222–4, 224 Gould, Eleanor Cody, 143, 144, 147 Haydon, Larrae Albert, xxvi, 146 INDEX 289

Hayes, Helen, xxviii, 70, 94, Hope, Bob , 173 117, 237 Hopkins, Arthur, 138 Haysbert, Dennis, 138 Hopkins, Miriam, 62, 117 Hazel , 156 Hopper, Hedda, 105, 205–6 Heckart, Eileen, 76 Hound of the Baskervilles , 67 Hedda Gabler , 23, 92 House Committee on Un-American Hedgerow Theatre, 113, 123 Activities (HUAC), 191–3, Hefl in, Van, 173 202–4, 208, 251, 252, 260 Helburn, Theresa, 94 House of Connelly, The , 121, 263 Hellman, Lillian, 211 Howard, Leslie, 67, 68 Hello, Dolly! , 98 Hudson, Rock, 258 Henaghan, James, 202, 203, 205 Hughes, Arthur, 144, 145 Henry V , 69 Hughes, Glenn, xxvi, 21 Hepburn, Katharine, x, 98, 117–18, Hughes, Kathleen, 258 222–3, 223 , 239 Hughes, Langston, 211 Herne, James A., 36 Hunt, Gordon, 258 Heron, Matilda, 36 Hunt, Marsha, 173 High Noon , 11 Huston, John, 116, 212 Hingle, Pat, 76 Hutchinson, Josephine, 93, 185 His Girl Friday , 114, 141 Hitchcock, Alfred, 67, 141, 181, 222 Hobart, Rose, x, ix, 49, 92 , 93, 193, I 195, 196, 202, 204–6, 210, 252 Ibsen, Henrik, xiv, xv, xxv, 22–3, 55, Holden, William, x, 116, 158, 166 , 89, 91, 92, 221 173 Idiot’s Delight , 62, 121, 264 Holiday , 239 Il miracolo , 244 Hollywood, xiii, xiv, xvii, xviii, xxii– Imagination, 12, 21, 31–2, 42, 45–7, xxiii, xxv, 5, 7–12, 15, 67–9, 49–50, 52, 53, 58, 90–1, 95, 96, 80–1, 99, 102–3, 105, 190, 100–1, 103–5, 125, 145, 147, 199–200, 204, 208, 243–4, 148, 178, 184, 196, 232, 235 251–2 Imitation , 42, 99, 144, 249 Broadway-Hollywood connection, Improvisation, xxii, 25, 43–5, 49, 50, 111–13, 115–18, 119–20, 123, 63, 75, 103, 144, 146, 180, 210, 129–31, 138–42, 189, 196, 223, 230, 233, 258 198, 201, 220–2, 225, 250 Informer, The , 68 and Pasadena Playhouse, 155–8, Inheritors , 92 160, 165–8 Inspector General, The , 201–2, 214 and studio drama coaches, 171–84 I Remember Mama , 77 Hollywood Theatre Alliance, 190, Ironside , 156 191, 202, 208, 210, 211 Irving, Henry, 145, 146 Holm, Celeste, 76 It Happened One Night , 116 Home of the Brave , 202 Ives, Burl, 76 290 INDEX

J Kimmel, Jess, 246 Jackson, Brad, 258 King, Claude, 21–2 Jacobowsky and the Colonel , 70 King, Henry, 12, 200 Jaffe, Sam, 130 King Kong , 42, 56 Janney, Russell, 98 Kingsley, Sidney, 115, 129, 263 Janssen, David, 258 Kirkland, Alexander, 99, 118 Jazz Singer, The , 112 Kirkwood, Jim, 152 J.B. , 76 Kosslyn, Jack, 246 Jefferson, Joseph, 36, 146 Kraber, Gerritt, 122 Jehlinger, Charles, x, xiv, xviii, 80, Kraft, H. S., 193 137, 142–50, 149 , 152, 219, 243 Kramer, Anne P., 166–7 Johnny Johnson , 119, 127, 264 Kramer, Stanley, 166 Johnson, Russell, 210, 258 Kumin, Irving, 165 Johnson, Van, 173 Jones, Jennifer, 141, 200 Jones, Marjo, 187 L Jones, Robert Edmond, xiv, 20, 98 Ladd, Alan, 179 Jonson, Ben, 201 Lake, The , 117 Judas , 99 Lamour, Dorothy, 173 Julius Caesar , 78 Land, Lucy , 211 Langer, Lawrence, 148 Lange, Sven, 138 K Lansing, Joi, 258 Kahn, Otto H. , 66 Las Palmas Theatre, 201 Kanin, Garson, 69 Last Command, The , 116 Karnes, Robert, 210 Last Mile, The , 140 Kates, Bernard, 148–9 Last of Mrs. Cheyney, The , 99 Kaufman, George S., 178 Laughton, Charles, 67, 68, 99, Kaye, Danny, 189 116–17, 130 Kazan, Elia, 6, 8, 61, 64–5, 69–79, Laura , 155 82, 119, 120, 124, 126, 127, Laurents, Arthur, 202 129–31, 191, 250–3, 258 Laurie, Piper, 258 Keene, Laura, 88 Lawrence, Marc, 200 Keeper of the Flame , 239 Lawson, John Howard, 8, 263 Kellogg, John, 195 Lazarus Laughed , 159 Kelly, Grace, 137, 141 League of Workers , 126 Kelly, Jack, 245, 245 Lecoq, Jacques, 249 Kerr, Deborah, 76 Lee, Will, 49, 54, 190, 191, 193, 195, Kerr, John, 76 202, 204–6, 210, 211, 252 Kid Galahad , 139 Le Gallienne, Eva, ix, xxii, 62, 89, Kilgen, George, 211 91–4, 123, 200, 221 Killian, Victor, 211 Lehman, Lotte, xxviii INDEX 291

Leigh, Janet, 173, 181, 232 Loy, Myrna, 116, 139 Lenihan, Winifred, 200 Lubitsch, Ernst, 62, 112, 222 LeRoy, Mervyn, 68, 69, 80, 102, 140 Lunt, Alfred, ix, xxviii, 62–3, 63 , Leslie, Joan, 181 69, 72, 73, 94, 120–1, 139, Leslie, William, 258–9 264 Letter, The , 67, 179 as leading actor of his era, 83 Levene, Sam, 140, 192, 193 mentor of Montgomery Clift, 75, Leverette, Lewis, 123 76, 79–80 Levitt, Alfred Lewis, 211 Lyceum Theatre and School, 95, Lewes, George Henry, 145 137 Lewis, Milton, 165 Lynn, Eleanor, 129, 130 Lewisohn, Alice and Irene, 94 Lytess, Natasha, 185, 212 Lewis, Robert (Bobby), 8, 70, 75, 76, 82, 123, 124, 127–9, 130, 191, 251, 264 M Leyda, Jay, 213 MacGowan, Kenneth, 20 Life of Emile Zola, The , 120 MacKaye, Steele, 95, 105, 137 Life study and observation, xvii, xxii, Mackay, F. F., 96 52, 63, 228, 237 Macloon, Louis Owen, 230 Liliom , 92 MacMurray, Fred, 173 Little Caesar , 80, 138 Macready, William Charles, 65–6 Little Theatre movement, xiv, xxv, Madame Curie , 69, 221 xxvii, 20, 34, 113, 162 Madison, Mae, 152 , 117, 239 Madison Square Theatre School, 95 Littlewood, Joan, 249 Male Animal , 156 Living Theatre, 259 Maltese Falcon, The , 116, 179 Loeb, Philip, 144, 145 Malvaloca , 230 Lombard, Carol, 112 Mamoulian, Rouben, 116, 117 London Academy of Music and Mankiewicz, Joseph L., x, 49, 78, 103, Dramatic Art , 137 166 Long, Richard, 258–9 Mann, Anthony, 192 Lord, Pauline, 65 Mann, Daniel, 49, 190, 192, 193, Loretta Young Show, The , 13 204, 210 Lost Horizon , 13, 130 Mansfi eld, Richard, 36 Lost Weekend , 69 Mantzius, Karl, 93 Loughton (Seaton), Phyllis, x, 114, March, Fredric, 62, 69, 99, 189 140, 172–3, 174, 174, 181, 182, Marcus Welby, M.D. , 155 184, 237 Marion, Frances, 13 Louise, Anita, 103 Marshall, Brenda, 166 Love Affair , 102–4 Marshall, Herbert, 67, 117, 179 Love Life , 70, 82 Marta Oatman School, 151 Lovers and Friends , 70 Martine , 98 292 INDEX

Martin, Mary, 70 Middleton, Ray, 70 Marx brothers, 10 Milland, Ray, 69, 173 Masquerader, The , 14 Miller, Arthur, xv, 71 Massey, Raymond , 13, 76 Minney, R. J., 13 Master Builder, The , 92 Miracle on 34th Street , 140 Matchmaker, The , 98 Miracle, The , 98 Maté, Rudolph, 9, 212 Misérables, Les , 99 Matthew, Brander, 145 Modern acting, xiv–xvi, xxi, xxii, Mature, Victor, 157 xxv–xxvi, 7, 13, 15, 19–25, 27, Maverick , 245 33–5, 41–55, 58, 61, 74, 77, Max, Ed , 211 80–1, 87, 91, 94–7, 105, 219, Mayer, Louis B., 12, 182 221, 223, 229, 231–8, 243, Maynard, Gertrude, 122 248–9, 254–5 Mayo, Virginia, 176 and Actors’ Laboratory, 193, 196, 201 McClintic, Guthrie, 62, 70 and American Academy of Dramatic McCrae, Joel, 130 Arts, 143–4, 150 McGregor, Marjorie, 211 and Boleslavsky, 99–101 McLaglen, Victor, 68 and Group Theatre, 122, 125 McLean, Margaret Prendergast, 49, modern acting principles, xvii–xx, 199 xxiii–xviv, 3, 8, 10, 48, 50–1, Meet the People , 190, 208, 210 55, 65, 94, 143, 150, 158, Meiningen Players, xxiv 162, 164–5, 168, 171, 175, Meisner, Sanford, 6, 64, 78, 122, 182, 224, 228, 230, 232, 124–6, 127, 129, 130, 263 245–7, 250, 256, 257 Men in White , 99, 115–16, 121, and Ouspenskaya, 104–5 123–4, 129, 199, 263 and Pasadena Playhouse, 158, 161, Mental pictures and conversations, 23, 162, 164–5, 167, 168 33, 42, 43, 53, 58, 229, 234–6, and Stanislavsky Modern acting, xiv, 246 xxi, xxiv, 22, 33, 34, 53, 143, Mercury Players, 131 221, 232, 234, 236, 246–8 Mercury Stage, 246 and studio drama coaches, 173, Meredith, Burgess, xxviii 176, 178, 181, 183, 184 Merry, Anne Brunton, 88 Modern actors, xiv–xv, 15, 21, 22, 41, Method acting, xiii–xiv, xvi, xxiv, xxv, 49, 50, 54, 55, 58, 91, 168, 230, 64, 65, 78, 79, 81, 111, 122, 233 208–9, 238, 248, 249, 254, 256 Modern characters, xviii, 10, 20–5, 92, as an acting style, xxii, 61, 65, 70–4, 254 76, 78, 80, 250–2, 253 Modern drama, xiv–xv, xvii, xx–xxi, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), 12, xxiv–xxv, 19–20, 22–4, 33, 41, 112, 129, 155, 167, 173, 174, 45, 48, 55, 65, 67, 89, 138, 146, 178, 182, 194, 220, 232, 257 168, 221, 250 Middle of the Night , 138 Modernist fi lm and theatre, xiv INDEX 293

Modern theatre, xxii, 22, 34, 41, 87, N 90, 93, 94, 107, 159–61, 165, 180 Nadler, George, 258–9 Molly and Me , 145 Naked City , 9 Molnár, Ferenc, 92–3 National Dramatic Conservatory, 96 Moloch , 230 Nazimova, Alla, xxviii Monogram Pictures, 245 Neely Dixon Dramatic School, 151 Monroe, Marilyn, xxii, 15, 79, 114, Neighborhood Playhouse, 48, 94, 184, 185, 194, 206, 212, 250 129, 190 Montana Masquers, xxvi Nelson, Lori, 258–9 Montgomery, Douglass, 167, 170 Nelson, Ruth, 98, 120, 122, 124, 125, Montgomery, Robert, 99 129, 130, 192 Moorehead, Agnes, 140 Nettleship, John T., 44 Moran, Dolores, ix, 47, 193 Newman, Paul, 76, 242 Morgan, Frank, 138 New School for Social Research, 52, Morning Glory , 117 77, 129 Morris, Mary, 123 New stagecraft, xiv–xv, xvii, xxiv, Mortimer, Lee, 205 xx–xxi, 12–13, 19–23, 33–4, 41, Morton, Eustis, xviii, 146 48, 55, 65, 89, 160, 164–5, 168, Moscow Art Theatre, xvi, xxii, 6, 8, 222–4, 226, 250 48, 56, 61, 66, 73, 97, 99, 103, Nicholson, Jack, 242 107, 122, 129, 137, 142, 143, Night at the , A , 10 160, 177–8, 244, 258 Night in Casablanca, A , 10 Moss, Carrie-Anne, 138 Night over Taos , 121, 263 Motion-and performance-capture 1931– , 121, 263 acting, xxi, xiv, 3, 256 Ninotchka , 112 Motion Picture Alliance for the Nolan, Lloyd, 156 Preservation of American Ideals, None but the Lonely Heart , 69 176, 203 Norring, Ava, 245 Mr. Deeds Goes to Town , 223 No Time for Comedy , 121, 265 Mrs. Miniver , 69 Nugent, Elliott, 156 Muhl, Ed, 165, 180 Mullen, Virginia, 211 Muni, Paul, 78, 118, 120, 167, 212 O Murder Man, The , 115 O’Brian, Hugh, 258–9 Murphy, Audie, 194, 259 O’Brien, Pat, 113, 140 Murphy, Maurice, 211 O’Casey, Sean, 206 Musgrove, Gertrude, 70 Odets, Clifford, x, ix, 7, 8, 62–4, 69, Music Box Theatre, 210 116, 118–19, 120, 122–9, 195, Music Man, The , 156 201, 263–4 Mutiny on the Bounty , 68, 130 Of Human Bondage , 67 Myers, Henry, 208, 211 Of Mice and Men , x, 120, 207 My Fair Lady , 68 Oklahoma! , 98 294 INDEX

Olivier, Laurence, 67–9 Peck, Gregory, 114, 115 O Mistress Mine , 69 Penn, Leo , 199, 225 O’Neill, Eugene, xxv, 20, 23, 67, 115, Penny Arcade , 118 121, 159, 221 Penny Serenade , 68 O’Neill, James, 21 People’s Educational Center, 203 One Sunday Afternoon , 245 Performing arts industry, xiii, xv, xviii, One Sunday Night , 156 xix–xxii, xxiv, xxx–xxxi, 3, 4, 7, 9, One Touch of Venus , 70 33, 65–6, 71, 73, 77, 87, 105, Only Angels Have Wings , x, 222, 224 111, 118, 131, 168, 181, 189, Only Yesterday , 115 243, 251 On the Waterfront , 78–80 Perry Mason , 156, 176 Our Town , 98 Personal experiences Ouspenskaya, Maria, ix, xiv, xxii, 6, 26, Modern acting view, xvii, xxii, 31, 28, 97, 101–5, 102 , 111, 199, 33, 46–7, 50, 52, 58, 100–1, 243 124, 213, 233, 235, 237, 238, 248, 254 Strasberg’s view, xv–xvi, 26, 30, 34, P 53, 54, 100, 238, 248 Page, Geraldine, 76 Personal inhibitions, 29, 91, 184 Paid in Full , 230 Personal substitutions, xvii, 50, 81, Paige, Florence, 211 145, 212, 221, 225, 234, 237, Palmer, Gregg, 258–9 238, 246, 255, 256 Pantomime, xvii, xxii, 19, 27, 45, 63, Peter Pan , 70, 92 146, 194, 223, 230 Philadelphia Story , 239 Papp, Joseph, 190 Phipps, William, 194 , 118, 126, 129, 195, Phoenix Theatre, 259 264 Pichel, Irving, 179, 192 Paramount, 33, 112, 155, 156, 158, Pidgeon, Walter, 69 165, 167, 171–3, 174, 176, 184, Pillars of Society , 23 194, 230, 257 Pins and Needles , 98 Paramount Case , 257 Pirandello, Luigi, 146 Parker, Eleanor, 156, 158, 193 Piscator, Erwin, 129, 264 Parks, Larry, 192, 193, 200 Pittsburgh Playhouse, 113 Parsons, Louella, 105, 130 Playboy of the Modern World , 170 Pasadena Playhouse, x, xiv, xvii–xviii, Plummer, Christopher, 76 xxv, xxiii, 21, 80, 105, 131, 146, Pollock, Jackson, 253 155–68, 172, 173, 178, 192, Polonsky, Abraham, 193 193, 219, 236, 237, 243–4, 249, Popular culture, xxii, xxiv, 61, 80, 248, 250, 252 249, 256 Pat and Mike , 239 Popular Front theatre companies, 190 Paths of Glory , 155 Portrait of a Madonna , 202, 235 Patten, Dorothy, 123 Pound on Demand, A , 206, 210 INDEX 295

Poverty Row studios, 173, 185, 199 Rasputin and the Empress , 99 Powell, William, 99, 116, 138–40, Rathbone, Basil, 67, 99 141, 150 Ratner, Herbert, 122, 124 Powers, Carol and Leland, 96 Rebecca , 67, 68 Prague School, 5, 16 Rebel without a Cause , 61 Preston, Robert, 80, 156, 157 Redford, Robert, 137 Preval, Lucian, 211 Red River , 74–6 Prickett, Charles, 243 Reeves, George, 157 Prickett (Blake), Oliver, 160 Reinhardt, Max, 19, 98, 151, 212, Prisoner of Zenda, The , 13 222 Private Life of Henry VIII, The , Reis, Irving, 192 67, 68 Relaxation, xvi–xvii, 17, 45, 51, 58, , 70 144, 146, 180 Problem Rendezvous , 141 Modern acting view, xxi, 22, 31, 32, Republic Pictures, 173, 194 41, 49–51, 53, 77, 101, 143, Resident theatres, xxii–xxiii, 111, 113, 147, 180, 181, 192, 197, 229, 115, 158, 259 235, 236, 256, 257 Reynolds, Debbie, 173 Strasberg’s view, xvi, 6, 24, 27–9, Rhapsody in Blue , 181 30, 34, 35, 45, 54, 59, 71, Rice, Elmer, 8, 23 221, 250 Rice Summer Theatre, 156 Provincetown Players, xxvii, 20, 34, Ride the High Country , 155 94, 116, 123 Rifi fi , 191 Psycho , 181, 232 Riggs, Lynn, 98 Purdom, Edmund, x, 175 Ritter, Thelma, 140 , 68 Road to Morocco, The , 173 Robards, Jr., Jason, 141 Roberts, Bart, 259 Q Robinson, Edward G., x, 80, 83, Queen Kelly , 99 137–9, 139 , 140, 150, 199–200, Quinn, Anthony, 193, 205, 210 212 Robinson, Philip, 122 Rocket to the Moon , 129, 264 R Rogers, Ginger, 10 Racket, The , 138 Rogers, Lela E., x, 176–7, 177 Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO), x, 10, Romance , 112, 115 33, 112, 131, 167, 171, 176, Romeo and Juliet , 67, 265 177, 194, 230, 257 Rosenstein, Sophie, ix, x, xiv–xv, Raft, George, 130 xvi–xviii, xxi, xxvi, 8, 12, 21, 33, Random Harvest , 68 47, 103, 129, 146, 156, 181–2, Rankin, John, 204 184, 243 Raphaelson, Samson, 212 Actors’ Laboratory, 192, 193, 252 296 INDEX

Modern acting teacher, xxv, 10, Scott, Lizabeth, 75, 184, 219 22–3, 41, 44–7, 53, 87, 219, Scott, Randolph, 155, 158, 167 237, 247, 248, 257 Screen Actors Guild, 21, 158 Warner Bros. and Universal, Screen tests, 43, 117, 120, 155, 177–81, 194, 244–6 172–3, 178, 182, 184, 187, 192 Rossellini, Roberto, 244 Script analysis, 31–2, 34, 52, 54–5, Rossen, Robert, 211 63, 71, 75, 77, 93, 100–1, Rostova, Mira, 6, 75–6 104–5, 112, 255 Rowlands, Gena, 137–8, 242 Actors’ Laboratory, 51, 196–7, 210, Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 213 London , 137, 150 American Academy of Dramatic Rudd, Paul , 137–8 Arts, 138–9, 143–4, 146 Rush, Barbara, 158, 258–9 Modern acting view of, xviii, xxii, Russell, Rosalind, 140, 141, 150, 22–3, 53, 58, 223, 237, 257 237–8 Pasadena Playhouse, 162, 164 Russett Mantle , 98 studio drama coaches, xvii, 42, 46, 173–4, 180–1, 221, 224, 226, 229–30, 234, 246 S Seagull, The , 62–3, 92, 264 Sage, Frances, 211 Sea Hawk, The , 166 Saint, Eva Marie, 79 Sea Hunt , 191 St. James Theatre and School, 95, 105 Search, The , 74–6 Saint Joan , 200, 265 Seaton, George, 140 Salt, Waldo, 191, 193 Repertory Playhouse, 113 Salvation Nell , ix, 89–90, 90 , 115, Selznick, David O., 200, 202 237 Sennett, Mack, 112 Samson and Delilah , 74, 101, 138, Sense memory, xxii, 26–8, 30, 42–3, 157 45, 46, 49–51, 58, 63, 104, 194, Sarah Lawrence College, 129 210, 223, 229–30, 237, 246 Sargent, Franklin Haven, 80, 95, 137 Sergeant York , 11 Saroyan, William, 80, 264 Sesame Street , 206 , 158–9 7th Heaven , 111 Sayonara , 78 Seven Year Itch, The , 114, 132 Schenck, Joseph, 15 Shadow of a Doubt , 114, 220 Schildkraut, Joseph, 92–3, 138 Shakespeare, William, 44, 65, 70, 72, Schneider, Batami, 49 89, 91, 159, 178, 199 Schneider, Benno, 49 Shall We Dance , 10 School of Dramatic Art, 103, 105 Shane, Sara, 258–9 School of Elocution and Expression, 97 Shanewise, Lenore, 165, 236 School of Expression, 97 Shaw, George Bernard, xv, 89, 146, 200 School of the Spoken Word, 96 Shaw, Irwin, 129, 130 , 206, 264 Schreiber, Elsa, 185 Shaw, Mary, 94 INDEX 297

Shdanoff, George, 48, 49, 56, 246 and Modern acting, xiv, xxi, xxiv, Shearer, Norma, 67 22, 33–4, 53, 143, 221, 232, She Done Him Wrong , 67 234, 236, 246–8 Sheldon, Edward, ix, 89, 90, 115 Stanwyck, Barbara, 116, 132, 166 Sherman, Vincent, ix, 47, 192, 201, Star Is Born, A , 8, 111–12 211 Stark, Juanita, 193 Sherwood, Robert E., 62, 94 Stella Dallas , 167 Shirley, Anne, 167 Stephenson, James, 179 Shubert Corporation, xix, 88 Sternberg, Josef von, 67, 116, 222 Shy and the Lonely, The , 206 Stevenson, Janet, 204 Sidney, Sylvia, 9, 130 Stevenson, Philip, 204 Sign of the Cross, The , 67 Stewart, James, 115, 223 Silver Girl, The , x, 230, 231 Stock companies, xix, 12, 113–4, 115, Simon, S. Sylvan, 192 116, 131, 140, 141, 157, 168, Sinatra, Frank, 75–6 230 Sinclair, Catherine, 88 summer stock, xxii–xxiii, 111, Sinner’s Holiday , 118 113–14, 115, 129 Six-Fifty, The , 230 Stoddard, Eunice, 122 Skin of Our Teeth, The , 69, 70, 75, 78 Storm, Gale, 245 Skouras, Spryos, 165–6 Storm, Joan, 211 Slote (Levitt), Helen, 191, 192, 211 Stradner, Rose, 49 Smith, Art, 49, 57, 64, 122–3, 127, Strange Love of Martha Ivers, 129, 130, 190, 192, 193, 211 The , 141 , 93, 94 Strasberg, Lee, xiii–xv, xxi–xxii, 7, Solid South , 114 19–20, 23–36, 38, 41, 44–6, 51, Song of Bernadette, The , 200 53–5, 61, 65, 99–101, 150, 184, Sorrell, Helena, 176 212, 237–8, 244, 246–50, 252–6, Sothern, Ann, 173 258 Sothern, E. H., 36 attack on British/Anglo-American Soto-Michigan Jewish Center, 205, actors, 71–4, 80–1, 83, 221 206 critiqued by Brando and Clift, 74–8, Sound of Music, The , 56 81 Soviet censorship, 6, 244, 258 Group Theatre, xvi–xvii, 7, 64, Sparrow, Wilbur, xxvi, 146 122–7, 200, 263–4 Stagers, The, 145 work with women, 6, 35, 57, 59, Stanhope (Wheatcroft), Adeline, 96 79, 212 Stanhope-Wheatcroft School, 87, 96 Strasberg (Miller), Paula, 79, 123 Stanislavsky, Konstantin, xv–xviii, xxi, Straw Hat, The , 98 xxiv–xxv, 5–6, 25, 27, 31–4, 48, Street Angel , 111 58, 61, 71, 73, 78, 122, 124–5, Streetcar Named Desire, A , 71, 73, 129, 142–3, 145–6, 160, 199, 76–7, 78, 234 244, 256, 258 Strindberg, August, xv 298 INDEX

Stuart, Gloria, 158, 192 Tedrow, Irene, 192 Studio drama schools, xxiii, 10, 131, Television, ix, xiii, xviii, xxi, 3–7, 89, 160, 171–84, 243, 250, 252 148, 159, 165, 180, 192, 199, Columbia, 93, 185 244, 250–2, 254–6 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), actors with television careers, 9, 173, 174, 178, 220 12–13, 64, 113–15, 118, 132, Paramount, 33, 171–3, 174, 176, 138, 140–1, 145, 148, 155–6, 230 158, 176, 199, 211, 245–6, Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO), 33, 258 171–2, 176–7, 230 Tendresse, La , 12 Republic Pictures, 173, 176 Tenney Committee, 192, 193, 202–6, 20th Century Fox, 172, 176, 194, 208, 211, 214, 251, 252 202, 224 Terry, Beatrice, ix, 92 Universal, 176, 180, 194, 202, 219, Terry, Ellen, 35 244–6 Thacher (Kazan), Molly, 124, 191 Warner Bros, 177–9, 182, 192, 193, 20th Century Fox, 112, 165–6, 167, 219, 245 172, 176, 194, 202, 212, 224, Sturgess, Olive, 258 257 Sullavan, Margaret, 115 20th Century Pictures, 15 Sullivan, Barry, 179 Theatre, xiii–xv, xviii–xxv, 3–4, 6–7, 9, Sullivan, Elliott, 195 19–20, 24, 65–7, 69, 73, 88–9, Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans , 111 112–13, 131, 148, 190, 243, Sunset Boulevard , 3, 158 250–1, 256 Suzuki, Tadashi, xiii artist of the theatre, 34, 99, 122, Swanson, Gloria, 118 123, 191 Swan, The , 93 idealistic visions of theatre, 22, 93, Sweet Bird of Youth , 76 95, 189, 207 Sylvia Scarlet , 239 modern theatre, 22–3, 34, 41, 65, 90, 93–4, 105, 107, 159–61, 165, 180 T theatre-in-the-round, xxvi, 21, 80, Talent scouts, 118, 141, 155, 158, 159, 181 165, 167, 171, 173, 182, 183 women’s contributions, xvii, 35, 88, Talker, The , 230 89, 93–4 Talking pictures, 112, 227 see also Broadway Talma, François Joseph, 145 Theatre Collective, 124 Taming of the Shrew, The , 102, 164 Theatre companies . See resident Tamiroff, Akim, 200 theatres; stock companies; touring Tandy, Jessica, 141, 202, 234–5 companies Tarcai, Mary, 48, 56–7, 190, 192–4, Theatre Guild , xxvii, 62, 69, 72, 92, 94, 210 98, 113, 117, 121, 122, 138, 139, Tea and Sympathy , 76 144–5, 148, 176, 190, 192, 200 INDEX 299

Theatre of Action, 190 University of California, Los Angeles, Theatre Union, 124 246 Theatrical Syndicate, xix, 66, 88, 89 University of Montana, Missoula, xxvi Theodore Goes Wild , 107 University of Oklahoma, xxvi There Shall Be No Night , 75, 94 University of Washington, xiv, xxvi, They Shoot Horses, Don’t They? , 156 21, 129, 151, 177 Thin Man, The , 116, 139 University of Wisconsin, 140 Three Men on a Horse , 140 University Players, 114, 115 Three Musketeers, The , 98–9 Up the River , 140 , The , ix, 70, 92 Thurber, James, 156 Till the Day I Die , 118, 126, 263 V Titanic , 158 Vagabond King, The , 98 Tone, Franchot, 103, 118, 121, 122, Vakhtangov, Yevgeny, 71 130 Van Doren, Mamie, 258 Tonight or Never , 118 Vassar Experimental Theatre, 94 Top Hat , 10 Vaudeville, 10, 112, 116, Touring companies, xix, xxii, xxvii, 66, 139–40, 176 88–9, 94, 107, 113, 115, 127, Vernon, John, 193 131, 139–40, 155, 157, 168, Veterans, 48, 56, 57, 193–5, 203–3, 178, 230, 246 205, 208 Tracy, Spencer, 81, 115, 137, 140, 150 Virginian, The , 11 Tree Grows in Brooklyn, A , 76, 131 Viva Zapata! , 78 Trescony, Al, 174 Vogues of 1938 , 120 Trevor, Claire, 140 Voice and body work, xxii, 45, 90, Truckline Café , 77–8 100, 103–5, 114, 116, 125, 161, Trumbo, Dalton, 208 164, 172, 174, 177, 180–1, Trumpet Shall Sound, The , 98 232–3, 237–8, 246, 256 Turner, Lana, 173 Actors’ Laboratory, 192, 196–7, Tuttle, Frank, 192 199, 213 Tuttle, Lurene, 170 American Academy of Dramatic , 92 Arts, 144–6, 148 Twentieth Century , 112 Josephine Dillon, 222, 226–9 Tyne, George, 193 Volpone , 201

U W Union Square School of Expression, 95 Wagner, Richard, xxiv United Artists, 112, 257 Waiting for Lefty , 118, 125–6, 263 United States Supreme Court, 244, 257 Waldman, Herman, 191, 211 Universal, 56, 112, 158, 165, 176, Waldorf Statement, 192 180, 194, 202, 219, 244–6, 257 Walker, Alixe, 123 300 INDEX

Walkup, Fairfax Proudfi t , 161 Wilenchick, Clement, 122 Wallis, Hal, 141 Williams, Mervin, 193 Walsh, M. Emmet, 137–8 Williams, Tennessee, 76, 202 Wanger, Walter, 120, 131 Winfi eld, Marjorie, 210 Warner Bros, 12, 15, 68, 112, 118, Women’s pictures, 132 120, 129, 141, 177–9, 182, 219, Women’s work, 182, 183 245, 257 Wood, Mrs. John, 88 and Actors’ Laboratory, 192, 193, Woodward, Joanne, 242 202, 211 Worker’s Laboratory Theatre, 124 and Pasadena Playhouse, 155, 156, World War II, xviii, xx, xxvi, 69, 191, 165, 166 211, 249–50, 257 Warner, Doris, 129 Wray, Anne MacLennan, 161–3 Warren, Katharine, 246, 258 Wray, Fay, 42 Washington Square Players, xxvii, 113, Wright, Teresa, 76 144–5, 176 Wuthering Heights , 67, 68 Waterloo Bridge , 102 Wyler, William, 67, 69, 102, 130, 155, Watts, Bill, 214 176 Wayne, John, 56 Webster, Margaret, 93, 200 Weep for the Virgins , 118, 121, 126, Y 129, 263 Yale Drama School, 151 Weill, Kurt, 127 Years Ago , 69 Wellesley College, 258 , xxi, 9, 66, 138, 191 Welles, Orson, 118, 141, 199–200 You and Me , 130 Wellman, William, 111–12 You Can’t Take it with You , 223 West, Mae, 67 Young, Gig , 156, 157 Wexley, John, 193 Young, Loretta, 13 Whale, James, 158 Young, Robert, 155, 157 Where Do We Go from Here? , 156 Young, Roland , 117 White Sister, The , 12–13 You Touched Me! , 75 Wild Duck, The , 23 Wilde, Oscar, 23, 89 Wilder, Billy, 3–4, 69, 79, 114 Z Wilder, Thornton, 8, 69, 75, 98 Zanuck, Darryl F., 15, 212 Wild One, The , 78 Zemach, Benjamin, 213